static char help[] = "Example of using graph partitioning with a matrix in which some procs have empty ownership\n\n";

#include <petscmat.h>

int main(int argc, char **args)
{
  Mat             A;
  MatPartitioning part;
  IS              is;
  PetscInt        i, m, N, rstart, rend, nemptyranks, *emptyranks, nbigranks, *bigranks;
  PetscMPIInt     rank, size;

  PetscFunctionBeginUser;
  PetscCall(PetscInitialize(&argc, &args, NULL, help));
  PetscCallMPI(MPI_Comm_rank(PETSC_COMM_WORLD, &rank));
  PetscCallMPI(MPI_Comm_size(PETSC_COMM_WORLD, &size));

  nemptyranks = 10;
  nbigranks   = 10;
  PetscCall(PetscMalloc2(nemptyranks, &emptyranks, nbigranks, &bigranks));

  PetscOptionsBegin(PETSC_COMM_WORLD, NULL, "Partitioning example options", NULL);
  PetscCall(PetscOptionsIntArray("-emptyranks", "Ranks to be skipped by partition", "", emptyranks, &nemptyranks, NULL));
  PetscCall(PetscOptionsIntArray("-bigranks", "Ranks to be overloaded", "", bigranks, &nbigranks, NULL));
  PetscOptionsEnd();

  m = 1;
  for (i = 0; i < nemptyranks; i++)
    if (rank == emptyranks[i]) m = 0;
  for (i = 0; i < nbigranks; i++)
    if (rank == bigranks[i]) m = 5;

  PetscCall(MatCreate(PETSC_COMM_WORLD, &A));
  PetscCall(MatSetSizes(A, m, m, PETSC_DECIDE, PETSC_DECIDE));
  PetscCall(MatSetFromOptions(A));
  PetscCall(MatSeqAIJSetPreallocation(A, 3, NULL));
  PetscCall(MatMPIAIJSetPreallocation(A, 3, NULL, 2, NULL));
  PetscCall(MatSeqBAIJSetPreallocation(A, 1, 3, NULL));
  PetscCall(MatMPIBAIJSetPreallocation(A, 1, 3, NULL, 2, NULL));
  PetscCall(MatSeqSBAIJSetPreallocation(A, 1, 2, NULL));
  PetscCall(MatMPISBAIJSetPreallocation(A, 1, 2, NULL, 1, NULL));

  PetscCall(MatGetSize(A, NULL, &N));
  PetscCall(MatGetOwnershipRange(A, &rstart, &rend));
  for (i = rstart; i < rend; i++) {
    const PetscInt    cols[] = {(i + N - 1) % N, i, (i + 1) % N};
    const PetscScalar vals[] = {1, 1, 1};
    PetscCall(MatSetValues(A, 1, &i, 3, cols, vals, INSERT_VALUES));
  }
  PetscCall(MatAssemblyBegin(A, MAT_FINAL_ASSEMBLY));
  PetscCall(MatAssemblyEnd(A, MAT_FINAL_ASSEMBLY));
  PetscCall(MatView(A, PETSC_VIEWER_STDOUT_WORLD));

  PetscCall(MatPartitioningCreate(PETSC_COMM_WORLD, &part));
  PetscCall(MatPartitioningSetAdjacency(part, A));
  PetscCall(MatPartitioningSetFromOptions(part));
  PetscCall(MatPartitioningApply(part, &is));
  PetscCall(ISView(is, PETSC_VIEWER_STDOUT_WORLD));
  PetscCall(ISDestroy(&is));
  PetscCall(MatPartitioningDestroy(&part));
  PetscCall(MatDestroy(&A));
  PetscCall(PetscFree2(emptyranks, bigranks));
  PetscCall(PetscFinalize());
  return 0;
}

/*TEST

   test:
      nsize: 8
      args: -emptyranks 0,2,4 -bigranks 1,3,7 -mat_partitioning_type average
      # cannot test with external package partitioners since they produce different results on different systems

TEST*/