/*
    This file contains routines for interfacing to random number generators.
    This provides more than just an interface to some system random number
    generator:

    Numbers can be shuffled for use as random tuples

    Multiple random number generators may be used

    We are still not sure what interface we want here.  There should be
    one to reinitialize and set the seed.
 */

#include <petsc/private/randomimpl.h> /*I "petscsys.h" I*/

/*@
   PetscRandomGetValue - Generates a random number.  Call this after first calling
   `PetscRandomCreate()`.

   Not Collective

   Input Parameter:
.  r  - the random number generator context

   Output Parameter:
.  val - the value

   Level: intermediate

   Notes:
   Use `VecSetRandom()` to set the elements of a vector to random numbers.

   When PETSc is compiled for complex numbers this returns a complex number with random real and complex parts.
   Use `PetscRandomGetValueReal()` to get a random real number.

   To get a complex number with only a random real part, first call `PetscRandomSetInterval()` with a equal
   low and high imaginary part. Similarly to get a complex number with only a random imaginary part call
   `PetscRandomSetInterval()` with a equal low and high real part.

   Example of Usage:
.vb
      PetscRandomCreate(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,&r);
      PetscRandomGetValue(r,&value1);
      PetscRandomGetValue(r,&value2);
      PetscRandomGetValue(r,&value3);
      PetscRandomDestroy(&r);
.ve

.seealso: `PetscRandom`, `PetscRandomCreate()`, `PetscRandomDestroy()`, `VecSetRandom()`, `PetscRandomGetValueReal()`, `PetscRandomSetInterval()`
@*/
PetscErrorCode PetscRandomGetValue(PetscRandom r, PetscScalar *val)
{
  PetscFunctionBegin;
  PetscValidHeaderSpecific(r, PETSC_RANDOM_CLASSID, 1);
  PetscValidType(r, 1);
  if (!r->ops->getvalue) PetscUseTypeMethod(r, getvalues, 1, val);
  else PetscUseTypeMethod(r, getvalue, val);
  PetscCall(PetscObjectStateIncrease((PetscObject)r));
  PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
}

/*@
   PetscRandomGetValueReal - Generates a real random number.  Call this after first calling
   `PetscRandomCreate()`.

   Not Collective

   Input Parameter:
.  r  - the random number generator context

   Output Parameter:
.  val - the value

   Level: intermediate

   Note:
   Use `VecSetRandom()` to set the elements of a vector to random numbers.

   Example of Usage:
.vb
      PetscRandomCreate(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,&r);
      PetscRandomGetValueReal(r,&value1);
      PetscRandomGetValueReal(r,&value2);
      PetscRandomGetValueReal(r,&value3);
      PetscRandomDestroy(&r);
.ve

.seealso: `PetscRandom`, `PetscRandomCreate()`, `PetscRandomDestroy()`, `VecSetRandom()`, `PetscRandomGetValue()`
@*/
PetscErrorCode PetscRandomGetValueReal(PetscRandom r, PetscReal *val)
{
  PetscFunctionBegin;
  PetscValidHeaderSpecific(r, PETSC_RANDOM_CLASSID, 1);
  PetscValidType(r, 1);
  if (!r->ops->getvaluereal) PetscUseTypeMethod(r, getvaluesreal, 1, val);
  else PetscUseTypeMethod(r, getvaluereal, val);
  PetscCall(PetscObjectStateIncrease((PetscObject)r));
  PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
}

/*@
   PetscRandomGetValues - Generates a sequence of random numbers.  Call this after first calling
   `PetscRandomCreate()`.

   Not Collective

   Input Parameters:
+  r  - the random number generator context
-  n  - number of random numbers to generate

   Output Parameter:
.  val - the array to hold the values

   Level: intermediate

   Notes:
   Use `VecSetRandom()` to set the elements of a vector to random numbers.

   When PETSc is compiled for complex numbers this returns an array of complex numbers with random real and complex parts.
   Use `PetscRandomGetValuesReal()` to get an array of random real numbers.

.seealso: `PetscRandom`, `PetscRandomCreate()`, `PetscRandomDestroy()`, `VecSetRandom()`, `PetscRandomGetValue()`
@*/
PetscErrorCode PetscRandomGetValues(PetscRandom r, PetscInt n, PetscScalar *val)
{
  PetscFunctionBegin;
  PetscValidHeaderSpecific(r, PETSC_RANDOM_CLASSID, 1);
  PetscValidType(r, 1);
  if (!r->ops->getvalues) {
    PetscErrorCode (*const getvalue)(PetscRandom, PetscScalar *) = r->ops->getvalue;

    for (PetscInt i = 0; i < n; ++i) PetscCall(getvalue(r, val + i));
  } else PetscUseTypeMethod(r, getvalues, n, val);
  PetscCall(PetscObjectStateIncrease((PetscObject)r));
  PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
}

/*@
   PetscRandomGetValuesReal - Generates a sequence of real random numbers.  Call this after first calling
   `PetscRandomCreate()`.

   Not Collective

   Input Parameters:
+  r  - the random number generator context
-  n  - number of random numbers to generate

   Output Parameter:
.  val - the array to hold the values

   Level: intermediate

   Note:
   Use `VecSetRandom()` to set the elements of a vector to random numbers.

.seealso: `PetscRandom`, `PetscRandomCreate()`, `PetscRandomDestroy()`, `VecSetRandom()`, `PetscRandomGetValues()`
@*/
PetscErrorCode PetscRandomGetValuesReal(PetscRandom r, PetscInt n, PetscReal *val)
{
  PetscFunctionBegin;
  PetscValidHeaderSpecific(r, PETSC_RANDOM_CLASSID, 1);
  PetscValidType(r, 1);
  if (!r->ops->getvaluesreal) {
    PetscInt i;
    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) PetscCall((*r->ops->getvaluereal)(r, val + i));
  } else PetscUseTypeMethod(r, getvaluesreal, n, val);
  PetscCall(PetscObjectStateIncrease((PetscObject)r));
  PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
}

/*@
   PetscRandomGetInterval - Gets the interval over which the random numbers
   will be distributed.  By default, this interval is [0,1).

   Not collective

   Input Parameter:
.  r  - the random number generator context

   Output Parameters:
+  low - The lower bound of the interval
-  high - The upper bound of the interval

   Level: intermediate

.seealso: `PetscRandom`, `PetscRandomCreate()`, `PetscRandomSetInterval()`
@*/
PetscErrorCode PetscRandomGetInterval(PetscRandom r, PetscScalar *low, PetscScalar *high)
{
  PetscFunctionBegin;
  PetscValidHeaderSpecific(r, PETSC_RANDOM_CLASSID, 1);
  if (low) {
    PetscValidScalarPointer(low, 2);
    *low = r->low;
  }
  if (high) {
    PetscValidScalarPointer(high, 3);
    *high = r->low + r->width;
  }
  PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
}

/*@
   PetscRandomSetInterval - Sets the interval over which the random numbers
   will be distributed.  By default, this interval is [0,1).

   Not collective

   Input Parameters:
+  r  - the random number generator context
.  low - The lower bound of the interval
-  high - The upper bound of the interval

   Level: intermediate

   Notes:
    for complex numbers either the real part or the imaginary part of high must be greater than its low part; or both of them can be greater.

    If the real or imaginary part of low and high are the same then that value is always returned in the real or imaginary part.

.seealso: `PetscRandomCreate()`, `PetscRandomGetInterval()`
@*/
PetscErrorCode PetscRandomSetInterval(PetscRandom r, PetscScalar low, PetscScalar high)
{
  PetscFunctionBegin;
  PetscValidHeaderSpecific(r, PETSC_RANDOM_CLASSID, 1);
#if defined(PETSC_USE_COMPLEX)
  PetscCheck(PetscRealPart(low) <= PetscRealPart(high), PETSC_COMM_SELF, PETSC_ERR_ARG_OUTOFRANGE, "only low <= high");
  PetscCheck(PetscImaginaryPart(low) <= PetscImaginaryPart(high), PETSC_COMM_SELF, PETSC_ERR_ARG_OUTOFRANGE, "only low <= high");
#else
  PetscCheck(low < high, PETSC_COMM_SELF, PETSC_ERR_ARG_OUTOFRANGE, "only low <= high: Instead %g %g", (double)low, (double)high);
#endif
  r->low   = low;
  r->width = high - low;
  r->iset  = PETSC_TRUE;
  PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
}