#include "../../interface/cupmdevice.hpp"
#include <algorithm>
#include <csetjmp> // for cuda mpi awareness
#include <csignal> // SIGSEGV
#include <iterator>
#include <type_traits>

#if PetscDefined(USE_LOG)
PETSC_INTERN PetscErrorCode PetscLogInitialize(void);
#else
#define PetscLogInitialize() 0
#endif

namespace Petsc {

namespace Device {

namespace CUPM {

// internal "impls" class for CUPMDevice. Each instance represents a single cupm device
template <DeviceType T>
class Device<T>::DeviceInternal {
  const int        id_;
  bool             devInitialized_ = false;
  cupmDeviceProp_t dprop_; // cudaDeviceProp appears to be an actual struct, i.e. you can't
                           // initialize it with nullptr or NULL (i've tried)

  PETSC_CXX_COMPAT_DECL(bool CUPMAwareMPI_());

public:
  // default constructor
  explicit constexpr DeviceInternal(int dev) noexcept : id_(dev) { }

  // gather all relevant information for a particular device, a cupmDeviceProp_t is
  // usually sufficient here
  PETSC_NODISCARD PetscErrorCode initialize() noexcept;
  PETSC_NODISCARD PetscErrorCode configure() noexcept;
  PETSC_NODISCARD PetscErrorCode view(PetscViewer) const noexcept;
  PETSC_NODISCARD PetscErrorCode getattribute(PetscDeviceAttribute, void *) const noexcept;
  PETSC_NODISCARD PetscErrorCode finalize() noexcept;

  PETSC_NODISCARD auto id() const -> decltype(id_) { return id_; }
  PETSC_NODISCARD auto initialized() const -> decltype(devInitialized_) { return devInitialized_; }
  PETSC_NODISCARD auto prop() const -> const decltype(dprop_) & { return dprop_; }

  // factory
#if __cplusplus >= 201402L
  PETSC_CXX_COMPAT_DECL(std::unique_ptr<DeviceInternal> makeDevice(int i)) {
    return std::make_unique<DeviceInternal>(i);
  }
#else
  PETSC_CXX_COMPAT_DECL(std::unique_ptr<DeviceInternal> makeDevice(int i)) {
    return std::unique_ptr<DeviceInternal>(new DeviceInternal(i));
  }
#endif
};

// the goal here is simply to get the cupm backend to create its context, not to do any type of
// modification of it, or create objects (since these may be affected by subsequent
// configuration changes)
template <DeviceType T>
PetscErrorCode Device<T>::DeviceInternal::initialize() noexcept {
  PetscFunctionBegin;
  if (devInitialized_) PetscFunctionReturn(0);
  devInitialized_ = true;
  // need to do this BEFORE device has been set, although if the user
  // has already done this then we just ignore it
  if (cupmSetDeviceFlags(cupmDeviceMapHost) == cupmErrorSetOnActiveProcess) {
    // reset the error if it was cupmErrorSetOnActiveProcess
    const auto PETSC_UNUSED unused = cupmGetLastError();
  } else {
    PetscCallCUPM(cupmGetLastError());
  }
  // cuda 5.0+ will create a context when cupmSetDevice is called
  if (cupmSetDevice(id_) != cupmErrorDeviceAlreadyInUse) PetscCallCUPM(cupmGetLastError());
  // forces cuda < 5.0 to initialize a context
  PetscCallCUPM(cupmFree(nullptr));
  // where is this variable defined and when is it set? who knows! but it is defined and set
  // at this point. either way, each device must make this check since I guess MPI might not be
  // aware of all of them?
  if (use_gpu_aware_mpi) {
    // For OpenMPI, we could do a compile time check with
    // "defined(PETSC_HAVE_OMPI_MAJOR_VERSION) && defined(MPIX_CUDA_AWARE_SUPPORT) &&
    // MPIX_CUDA_AWARE_SUPPORT" to see if it is CUDA-aware. However, recent versions of IBM
    // Spectrum MPI (e.g., 10.3.1) on Summit meet above conditions, but one has to use jsrun
    // --smpiargs=-gpu to really enable GPU-aware MPI. So we do the check at runtime with a
    // code that works only with GPU-aware MPI.
    if (PetscUnlikely(!CUPMAwareMPI_())) {
      (*PetscErrorPrintf)("PETSc is configured with GPU support, but your MPI is not GPU-aware. For better performance, please use a GPU-aware MPI.\n");
      (*PetscErrorPrintf)("If you do not care, add option -use_gpu_aware_mpi 0. To not see the message again, add the option to your .petscrc, OR add it to the env var PETSC_OPTIONS.\n");
      (*PetscErrorPrintf)("If you do care, for IBM Spectrum MPI on OLCF Summit, you may need jsrun --smpiargs=-gpu.\n");
      (*PetscErrorPrintf)("For OpenMPI, you need to configure it --with-cuda (https://www.open-mpi.org/faq/?category=buildcuda)\n");
      (*PetscErrorPrintf)("For MVAPICH2-GDR, you need to set MV2_USE_CUDA=1 (http://mvapich.cse.ohio-state.edu/userguide/gdr/)\n");
      (*PetscErrorPrintf)("For Cray-MPICH, you need to set MPICH_RDMA_ENABLED_CUDA=1 (https://www.olcf.ornl.gov/tutorials/gpudirect-mpich-enabled-cuda/)\n");
      PETSCABORT(PETSC_COMM_SELF, PETSC_ERR_LIB);
    }
  }
  PetscFunctionReturn(0);
}

template <DeviceType T>
PetscErrorCode Device<T>::DeviceInternal::configure() noexcept {
  PetscFunctionBegin;
  PetscAssert(devInitialized_, PETSC_COMM_SELF, PETSC_ERR_COR, "Device %d being configured before it was initialized", id_);
  // why on EARTH nvidia insists on making otherwise informational states into
  // fully-fledged error codes is beyond me. Why couldn't a pointer to bool argument have
  // sufficed?!?!?!
  if (cupmSetDevice(id_) != cupmErrorDeviceAlreadyInUse) PetscCallCUPM(cupmGetLastError());
  // need to update the device properties
  PetscCallCUPM(cupmGetDeviceProperties(&dprop_, id_));
  PetscCall(PetscInfo(nullptr, "Configured device %d\n", id_));
  PetscFunctionReturn(0);
}

template <DeviceType T>
PetscErrorCode Device<T>::DeviceInternal::view(PetscViewer viewer) const noexcept {
  PetscBool iascii;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  PetscAssert(devInitialized_, PETSC_COMM_SELF, PETSC_ERR_COR, "Device %d being viewed before it was initialized or configured", id_);
  PetscCall(PetscObjectTypeCompare(PetscObjectCast(viewer), PETSCVIEWERASCII, &iascii));
  if (iascii) {
    MPI_Comm    comm;
    PetscMPIInt rank;
    PetscViewer sviewer;

    PetscCall(PetscObjectGetComm(PetscObjectCast(viewer), &comm));
    PetscCallMPI(MPI_Comm_rank(comm, &rank));
    PetscCall(PetscViewerGetSubViewer(viewer, PETSC_COMM_SELF, &sviewer));
    PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(sviewer, "[%d] device %d: %s\n", rank, id_, dprop_.name));
    PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIPushTab(sviewer));
    PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(sviewer, "Compute capability: %d.%d\n", dprop_.major, dprop_.minor));
    PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(sviewer, "Multiprocessor Count: %d\n", dprop_.multiProcessorCount));
    PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(sviewer, "Maximum Grid Dimensions: %d x %d x %d\n", dprop_.maxGridSize[0], dprop_.maxGridSize[1], dprop_.maxGridSize[2]));
    PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(sviewer, "Maximum Block Dimensions: %d x %d x %d\n", dprop_.maxThreadsDim[0], dprop_.maxThreadsDim[1], dprop_.maxThreadsDim[2]));
    PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(sviewer, "Maximum Threads Per Block: %d\n", dprop_.maxThreadsPerBlock));
    PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(sviewer, "Warp Size: %d\n", dprop_.warpSize));
    PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(sviewer, "Total Global Memory (bytes): %zu\n", dprop_.totalGlobalMem));
    PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(sviewer, "Total Constant Memory (bytes): %zu\n", dprop_.totalConstMem));
    PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(sviewer, "Shared Memory Per Block (bytes): %zu\n", dprop_.sharedMemPerBlock));
    PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(sviewer, "Multiprocessor Clock Rate (KHz): %d\n", dprop_.clockRate));
    PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(sviewer, "Memory Clock Rate (KHz): %d\n", dprop_.memoryClockRate));
    PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(sviewer, "Memory Bus Width (bits): %d\n", dprop_.memoryBusWidth));
    PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(sviewer, "Peak Memory Bandwidth (GB/s): %f\n", 2.0 * dprop_.memoryClockRate * (dprop_.memoryBusWidth / 8) / 1.0e6));
    PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(sviewer, "Can map host memory: %s\n", dprop_.canMapHostMemory ? "PETSC_TRUE" : "PETSC_FALSE"));
    PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(sviewer, "Can execute multiple kernels concurrently: %s\n", dprop_.concurrentKernels ? "PETSC_TRUE" : "PETSC_FALSE"));
    PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIPopTab(sviewer));
    PetscCall(PetscViewerFlush(sviewer));
    PetscCall(PetscViewerRestoreSubViewer(viewer, PETSC_COMM_SELF, &sviewer));
    PetscCall(PetscViewerFlush(viewer));
  }
  PetscFunctionReturn(0);
}

template <DeviceType T>
PetscErrorCode Device<T>::DeviceInternal::getattribute(PetscDeviceAttribute attr, void *value) const noexcept {
  PetscFunctionBegin;
  PetscAssert(initialized(), PETSC_COMM_SELF, PETSC_ERR_COR, "Device %d was not initialized", id());
  switch (attr) {
  case PETSC_DEVICE_ATTR_SIZE_T_SHARED_MEM_PER_BLOCK: *static_cast<std::size_t *>(value) = prop().sharedMemPerBlock;
  case PETSC_DEVICE_ATTR_MAX: break;
  }
  PetscFunctionReturn(0);
}

static std::jmp_buf cupmMPIAwareJumpBuffer;
static bool         cupmMPIAwareJumpBufferSet;

// godspeed to anyone that attempts to call this function
void SilenceVariableIsNotNeededAndWillNotBeEmittedWarning_ThisFunctionShouldNeverBeCalled() {
  PETSCABORT(MPI_COMM_NULL, INT_MAX);
  if (cupmMPIAwareJumpBufferSet) (void)cupmMPIAwareJumpBuffer;
}

#define CHKCUPMAWARE(...) \
  do { \
    cupmError_t cerr_ = __VA_ARGS__; \
    if (PetscUnlikely(cerr_ != cupmSuccess)) return false; \
  } while (0)

template <DeviceType T>
PETSC_CXX_COMPAT_DEFN(bool Device<T>::DeviceInternal::CUPMAwareMPI_()) {
  constexpr int  bufSize           = 2;
  constexpr int  hbuf[bufSize]     = {1, 0};
  int           *dbuf              = nullptr;
  constexpr auto bytes             = bufSize * sizeof(*dbuf);
  auto           awareness         = false;
  const auto     cupmSignalHandler = [](int signal, void *ptr) -> PetscErrorCode {
    if ((signal == SIGSEGV) && cupmMPIAwareJumpBufferSet) std::longjmp(cupmMPIAwareJumpBuffer, 1);
    return PetscSignalHandlerDefault(signal, ptr);
  };

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  CHKCUPMAWARE(cupmMalloc(reinterpret_cast<void **>(&dbuf), bytes));
  CHKCUPMAWARE(cupmMemcpy(dbuf, hbuf, bytes, cupmMemcpyHostToDevice));
  PetscCallAbort(PETSC_COMM_SELF, PetscPushSignalHandler(cupmSignalHandler, nullptr));
  cupmMPIAwareJumpBufferSet = true;
  if (setjmp(cupmMPIAwareJumpBuffer)) {
    // if a segv was triggered in the MPI_Allreduce below, it is very likely due to MPI not
    // being GPU-aware
    awareness = false;
    // control flow up until this point:
    // 1. CUPMDevice<T>::CUPMDeviceInternal::MPICUPMAware__()
    // 2. MPI_Allreduce
    // 3. SIGSEGV
    // 4. PetscSignalHandler_Private
    // 5. cupmSignalHandler (lambda function)
    // 6. here
    // PetscSignalHandler_Private starts with PetscFunctionBegin and is pushed onto the stack
    // so we must undo this. This would be most naturally done in cupmSignalHandler, however
    // the C/C++ standard dictates:
    //
    // After invoking longjmp(), non-volatile-qualified local objects should not be accessed if
    // their values could have changed since the invocation of setjmp(). Their value in this
    // case is considered indeterminate, and accessing them is undefined behavior.
    //
    // so for safety (since we don't know what PetscStackPop may try to read/declare) we do it
    // outside of the longjmp control flow
    PetscStackPop;
  } else if (!MPI_Allreduce(dbuf, dbuf + 1, 1, MPI_INT, MPI_SUM, PETSC_COMM_SELF)) awareness = true;
  cupmMPIAwareJumpBufferSet = false;
  PetscCallAbort(PETSC_COMM_SELF, PetscPopSignalHandler());
  CHKCUPMAWARE(cupmFree(dbuf));
  PetscFunctionReturn(awareness);
}

#undef CHKCUPMAWARE

template <DeviceType T>
PetscErrorCode Device<T>::DeviceInternal::finalize() noexcept {
  PetscFunctionBegin;
  devInitialized_ = false;
  PetscFunctionReturn(0);
}

template <DeviceType T>
PetscErrorCode Device<T>::finalize_() noexcept {
  PetscFunctionBegin;
  if (!initialized_) PetscFunctionReturn(0);
  for (auto &&device : devices_) {
    if (device) {
      PetscCall(device->finalize());
      device.reset();
    }
  }
  defaultDevice_ = PETSC_CUPM_DEVICE_NONE; // disabled by default
  initialized_   = false;
  PetscFunctionReturn(0);
}

// these functions should be named identically to the option they produce where "CUPMTYPE" and
// "cupmtype" are the uppercase and lowercase string versions of the cupm backend respectively
template <DeviceType T>
PETSC_CXX_COMPAT_DECL(PETSC_CONSTEXPR_14 const char *PetscDevice_CUPMTYPE_Options()) {
  switch (T) {
  case DeviceType::CUDA: return "PetscDevice CUDA Options";
  case DeviceType::HIP: return "PetscDevice HIP Options";
  }
  PetscUnreachable();
  return "PETSC_ERROR_PLIB";
}

template <DeviceType T>
PETSC_CXX_COMPAT_DECL(PETSC_CONSTEXPR_14 const char *device_enable_cupmtype()) {
  switch (T) {
  case DeviceType::CUDA: return "-device_enable_cuda";
  case DeviceType::HIP: return "-device_enable_hip";
  }
  PetscUnreachable();
  return "PETSC_ERROR_PLIB";
}

template <DeviceType T>
PETSC_CXX_COMPAT_DECL(PETSC_CONSTEXPR_14 const char *device_select_cupmtype()) {
  switch (T) {
  case DeviceType::CUDA: return "-device_select_cuda";
  case DeviceType::HIP: return "-device_select_hip";
  }
  PetscUnreachable();
  return "PETSC_ERROR_PLIB";
}

template <DeviceType T>
PETSC_CXX_COMPAT_DECL(PETSC_CONSTEXPR_14 const char *device_view_cupmtype()) {
  switch (T) {
  case DeviceType::CUDA: return "-device_view_cuda";
  case DeviceType::HIP: return "-device_view_hip";
  }
  PetscUnreachable();
  return "PETSC_ERROR_PLIB";
}

template <DeviceType T>
PETSC_CXX_COMPAT_DECL(PETSC_CONSTEXPR_14 const char *CUPM_VISIBLE_DEVICES()) {
  switch (T) {
  case DeviceType::CUDA: return "CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES";
  case DeviceType::HIP: return "HIP_VISIBLE_DEVICES";
  }
  PetscUnreachable();
  return "PETSC_ERROR_PLIB";
}

template <DeviceType T>
PetscErrorCode Device<T>::initialize(MPI_Comm comm, PetscInt *defaultDeviceId, PetscDeviceInitType *defaultInitType) noexcept {
  PetscInt  initTypeCUPM = *defaultInitType, id = *defaultDeviceId;
  PetscBool view = PETSC_FALSE, flg;
  int       ndev = 0;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  if (initialized_) PetscFunctionReturn(0);
  initialized_ = true;
  PetscCall(PetscRegisterFinalize(finalize_));

  {
    // the functions to populate the command line strings are named after the string they return
    PetscOptionsBegin(comm, nullptr, PetscDevice_CUPMTYPE_Options<T>(), "Sys");
    PetscCall(PetscOptionsEList(device_enable_cupmtype<T>(), "How (or whether) to initialize a device", "CUPMDevice<CUPMDeviceType>::initialize()", PetscDeviceInitTypes, 3, PetscDeviceInitTypes[initTypeCUPM], &initTypeCUPM, nullptr));
    PetscCall(PetscOptionsRangeInt(device_select_cupmtype<T>(), "Which device to use. Pass " PetscStringize(PETSC_DECIDE) " to have PETSc decide or (given they exist) [0-NUM_DEVICE) for a specific device", "PetscDeviceCreate", id, &id, nullptr, PETSC_DECIDE, std::numeric_limits<decltype(defaultDevice_)>::max()));
    PetscCall(PetscOptionsBool(device_view_cupmtype<T>(), "Display device information and assignments (forces eager initialization)", nullptr, view, &view, &flg));
    PetscOptionsEnd();
  }

  if (initTypeCUPM == PETSC_DEVICE_INIT_NONE) {
    id = PETSC_CUPM_DEVICE_NONE;
  } else if (auto cerr = cupmGetDeviceCount(&ndev)) {
    auto PETSC_UNUSED ignored = cupmGetLastError();
    // we won't be initializing anything anyways
    initTypeCUPM              = PETSC_DEVICE_INIT_NONE;
    // save the error code for later
    id                        = -static_cast<decltype(id)>(cerr);

    if (PetscUnlikely((initTypeCUPM == PETSC_DEVICE_INIT_EAGER) || (view && flg))) {
      const auto name    = cupmGetErrorName(cerr);
      const auto desc    = cupmGetErrorString(cerr);
      const auto backend = cupmName();
      SETERRQ(comm, PETSC_ERR_USER_INPUT, "Cannot eagerly initialize %s, as doing so results in %s error %d (%s) : %s", backend, backend, static_cast<PetscErrorCode>(cerr), name, desc);
    }
  }

  // check again for init type, since the device count may have changed it
  if (initTypeCUPM == PETSC_DEVICE_INIT_NONE) {
    // id < 0 (excluding PETSC_DECIDE) indicates an error has occurred during setup
    if ((id > 0) || (id == PETSC_DECIDE)) id = PETSC_CUPM_DEVICE_NONE;
  } else {
    PetscCall(PetscDeviceCheckDeviceCount_Internal(ndev));
    if (id == PETSC_DECIDE) {
      if (ndev) {
        PetscMPIInt rank;

        PetscCallMPI(MPI_Comm_rank(comm, &rank));
        id = rank % ndev;
      } else id = 0;
    }
    view = static_cast<decltype(view)>(view && flg);
    if (view) initTypeCUPM = PETSC_DEVICE_INIT_EAGER;
  }

  static_assert(std::is_same<PetscMPIInt, decltype(defaultDevice_)>::value, "");
  // id is PetscInt, _defaultDevice is int
  PetscCall(PetscMPIIntCast(id, &defaultDevice_));
  if (initTypeCUPM == PETSC_DEVICE_INIT_EAGER) {
    devices_[defaultDevice_] = DeviceInternal::makeDevice(defaultDevice_);
    PetscCall(devices_[defaultDevice_]->initialize());
    PetscCall(devices_[defaultDevice_]->configure());
    if (view) {
      PetscViewer vwr;

      PetscCall(PetscLogInitialize());
      PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIGetStdout(comm, &vwr));
      PetscCall(devices_[defaultDevice_]->view(vwr));
    }
  }

  // record the results of the initialization
  *defaultInitType = static_cast<PetscDeviceInitType>(initTypeCUPM);
  *defaultDeviceId = id;
  PetscFunctionReturn(0);
}

template <DeviceType T>
PetscErrorCode Device<T>::getDevice(PetscDevice device, PetscInt id) const noexcept {
  const auto cerr = static_cast<cupmError_t>(-defaultDevice_);

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  PetscCheck(defaultDevice_ != PETSC_CUPM_DEVICE_NONE, PETSC_COMM_SELF, PETSC_ERR_ARG_WRONGSTATE, "Trying to retrieve a %s PetscDevice when it has been disabled", cupmName());
  PetscCheck(defaultDevice_ >= 0, PETSC_COMM_SELF, PETSC_ERR_GPU, "Cannot lazily initialize PetscDevice: %s error %d (%s) : %s", cupmName(), static_cast<PetscErrorCode>(cerr), cupmGetErrorName(cerr), cupmGetErrorString(cerr));
  if (id == PETSC_DECIDE) id = defaultDevice_;
  PetscAssert(static_cast<decltype(devices_.size())>(id) < devices_.size(), PETSC_COMM_SELF, PETSC_ERR_ARG_OUTOFRANGE, "Only supports %zu number of devices but trying to get device with id %" PetscInt_FMT, devices_.size(), id);
  if (devices_[id]) {
    PetscAssert(id == devices_[id]->id(), PETSC_COMM_SELF, PETSC_ERR_PLIB, "Entry %" PetscInt_FMT " contains device with mismatching id %d", id, devices_[id]->id());
  } else devices_[id] = DeviceInternal::makeDevice(id);
  PetscCall(devices_[id]->initialize());
  device->deviceId           = devices_[id]->id(); // technically id = _devices[id]->_id here
  device->ops->createcontext = create_;
  device->ops->configure     = this->configureDevice;
  device->ops->view          = this->viewDevice;
  device->ops->getattribute  = this->getAttribute;
  PetscFunctionReturn(0);
}

template <DeviceType T>
PetscErrorCode Device<T>::configureDevice(PetscDevice device) noexcept {
  PetscFunctionBegin;
  PetscCall(devices_[device->deviceId]->configure());
  PetscFunctionReturn(0);
}

template <DeviceType T>
PetscErrorCode Device<T>::viewDevice(PetscDevice device, PetscViewer viewer) noexcept {
  PetscFunctionBegin;
  // now this __shouldn't__ reconfigure the device, but there is a petscinfo call to indicate
  // it is being reconfigured
  PetscCall(devices_[device->deviceId]->configure());
  PetscCall(devices_[device->deviceId]->view(viewer));
  PetscFunctionReturn(0);
}

template <DeviceType T>
PetscErrorCode Device<T>::getAttribute(PetscDevice device, PetscDeviceAttribute attr, void *value) noexcept {
  PetscFunctionBegin;
  PetscCall(devices_[device->deviceId]->getattribute(attr, value));
  PetscFunctionReturn(0);
}

// explicitly instantiate the classes
#if PetscDefined(HAVE_CUDA)
template class Device<DeviceType::CUDA>;
#endif
#if PetscDefined(HAVE_HIP)
template class Device<DeviceType::HIP>;
#endif

} // namespace CUPM

} // namespace Device

} // namespace Petsc