examples/fluids: Add strong STG to documentation

examples/fluids: Add option for BC from ICs

- Instead of hard coded if statement, add option on whether to set the
boundary conditions based on their initial condition values
- Default set to

examples/fluids: Add option for BC from ICs

- Instead of hard coded if statement, add option on whether to set the
boundary conditions based on their initial condition values
- Default set to True

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examples/fluids: Correct for non-origin domains

- Add correction for if domain is not set at the origin

examples/fluids: Implement Strong STG BC

examples/fluids: Minor stg improvements/style

examples/fluids: Add Strong STG functions

examples/fluids: Fix memory leak in STG

examples/fluids: Update STG test for new mesh feats

examples/fluids: Update docs for meshing from file

examples/fluids: Specify FPBL mesh node locations via file

examples/fluids: fix zero-size Jacobian data and STG

Use -snes_fd_color for now because STG inflow Jacobian isn't implemented.

examples/fluids: Refactoring blasius mesh generation

Merge branch 'main' into jed/fluids-jacobian

* main:
Fluids - Add STG inflow (#868)
ci - fix Nek5000 testing

Fluids - Add STG inflow (#868)

* doc(fluids): Add STG equations

* doc(fluids): Add basic data flow for STG

* doc(fluids): Add Shur et al. 2014 STG paper to bib

* doc(fluids): Specify STG in

Fluids - Add STG inflow (#868)

* doc(fluids): Add STG equations

* doc(fluids): Add basic data flow for STG

* doc(fluids): Add Shur et al. 2014 STG paper to bib

* doc(fluids): Specify STG inputs files, misc additions

* doc(fluids): Add intro for STG section

* fix(fluids): Add #include ceed.h for qfunctions

- In the spirit of "include what you use"

* feat(fluids): Start work on stg_shur14.h

* doc-fix: Correct kappa_min definition

* Move STG setup functions to problems/stg_shur14

* feat: Add cholesky decomposition function

* fix: Correct stg_ctx malloc, reorganize creation

Co-authored-by: Jed Brown <jed@jedbrown.org>

* fix(fluids): Correct return values of functions

* style: Fix up style

* feat(fluids): Get file paths from PetscOptions

- Also convert SetupSTGContext to return PetscErrorCode

* fix(fluids): Correct stg_ctx dereferencing

- Also move to size_t for type of the offsets

* feat(fluids): Add funcs for processing STG*.dat files

* feat(fluids): Move to PetscOptions* for STG flags

* feat: Use `PetscMax` instead of macro

* fix(fluids): Correct/Refactor file reading functions

- Move to `PetscSynchronizedFGets`
- Remove `inline`
- Pass `comm` between functions
- Add `OpenPHASTADatFile` to DRY

* docs(fluids): Fix equation typo

* fix(fluids): Correct calculation of kappa

* feat(fluids): Complete STGShur14_Calc

* feat(fluids): Add InterpolateProfile helper func

* feat(fluids): Add CalcSpectrum helper func

* feat(fluids): Add to STGShur14_Calc qfunction

* fix: Add M_PI, Update SETERRQ functions

- Also update style

* fix: Correct interpolation outside of datarange

* fix: Add missing definition for ke in CalcSpectrum

* feat: Migrate context and func signatures, Misc

- Create SetupSTGContext to be run in another Setup_____Context
function
- Migrate STGShur14Context, CreateSTGContext, and SetupSTGContext
signatures to navierstokes.h
- Add STG contexts to Physics and CeedData
- Add missing CHKERRQ to PetscFClose
- Move to SPDX license headers

* examples/fluids: Pass solution time via context label

* feat: Implement STG boundary integral

- Add theta0 and implicit members to STGShur14Context
- Tested via implementation to the blasius BL problem (though this will
probably go against the code history)

* feat: Fix STG Stuff

* feat: Implement STG inflow for blasius BL

- Note that fluctuations are turned off in this case

* examples/fluids: Add stg_mean_only flag

* examples/fluids: Check cholesky decomp for nans

- Also correct locaiton of cholesky decomposition in ReadSTGInflow()

* examples/fluids: Correct STG documentation

- Missing a 2 sqrt(3/2) factor and didn't take square root of q

* examples/fluids: Fix STGShur14_Calc

- Given the calculated spectrum, calculation of v' and u' verified
against python implementation (which was validated previously against
PHASTA)

* examples/fluids: Calc dXdx for boundary QFunctions

- Also calculate h from the dXdx in STGShur14_Inflow
- Replace h[0] result with constant dx spacing

* examples/fluids: Fix STG Spectra calcualtion

* examples/fluids: Fix build errors

- Ran into an include cycle collision that resulted in over-defining
SetupContext in advection.c
- newtonian_types.h (which has SetupContext defined) ->
stg_shur14_type.h -> navierstokes.h -> advection.c

* examples/fluids: Update and fix documentation

* examples/fluids: Correct dXdx comment, leave TODO

Co-authored-by: Jed Brown <jed@jedbrown.org>

* examples/fluids: Minor bib citation edits

Co-authored-by: Jed Brown <jed@jedbrown.org>

* examples/fluids: Add STGInflow.dat, fix blasius.yaml

* examples/fluids: int -> PetscInt | CeedInt

* examples/fluids: Style

* examples/fluids: Make Boolean names verb_noun format

- Also changes the stg flag to `-stg_use`

* examples/fluids: Add STG test

* examples/fluids: Style fix up

* examples/fluids: Update docs

* examples/fluids: Implement weakT option for STG

* examples/fluids: Fix casting for ROCm

* examples/fluids: avoid PETSc dependency in qfunctions

* examples/fluids: header cleanup

* backends/hip: avoid redundant inline

* examples/fluids: avoid VLA in qfunctions

GPUs don't like VLA and some compilers reject it when targeting GPUs.

* examples/fluids: Create STG_NMODES_MAX

* examples/fluids: Refactor stg setup out of blasius.c

* examples/fluids: Fix misc GPU bugs

Co-authored-by: Jed Brown <jed@jedbrown.org>

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examples/fluids: select GPU matrix and vector types

Mark viscous implicit examples to use -snes_fd_color because GPU
assembly is corrupt for unknown reasons. It's correct when running on
device with

examples/fluids: select GPU matrix and vector types

Mark viscous implicit examples to use -snes_fd_color because GPU
assembly is corrupt for unknown reasons. It's correct when running on
device with shell matrices.

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examples/fluids: update Blasius inflow/outflow viscous for arbitrary normal

examples/fluids: add IJacobian for SUPG

I think this is exact for Galerkin on channel.yaml and blasius.yaml.
Specifically, SNES converges almost perfectly in this test than when
-snes_mf_operator is

examples/fluids: add IJacobian for SUPG

I think this is exact for Galerkin on channel.yaml and blasius.yaml.
Specifically, SNES converges almost perfectly in this test than when
-snes_mf_operator is added.

-options_file examples/fluids/channel.yaml -snes_monitor -ksp_converged_reason -stab none -ts_max_steps 3 -newtonian_unit_tests -ksp_rtol 1e-10 -order 2 -ts_dt 3e-6 -pc_type lu

I say "think" because something is fishy with the viscous energy term
velocity*stress. If I disable that term, then convergence is clearly
better with the analytic Jacobian (makes sense because it's accuracy is
machine epsilon) than with -snes_mf_operator. This is unexpected, but
the difference is near the limit of numerical stability so I'm not
confident it's wrong. Also, the term itself is so simple.

The Jacobian is inexact for SUPG in that Tau_d is frozen.

WIP: examples/fluids: support MatShell and Blasius_Inflow_Jacobian

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examples/fluids: fix sign and magnitude of channel flow body force

Add -body_force_scale, which can be -1 to test that a flow reversal
builds to the same steady profile with opposite sign.

I also c

examples/fluids: fix sign and magnitude of channel flow body force

Add -body_force_scale, which can be -1 to test that a flow reversal
builds to the same steady profile with opposite sign.

I also changed the domain size (reducing Reynolds number from 4500 to
45) so flow reversal can be observed reasonably quickly when desired.

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examples/fluids: record state and tau in preparation for Jacobian

Change notation from dq to Grad_q so that dq can be used consistently as
variations.

examples/fluids: GetRestrictionForDomain accept NULL arguments

examples/fluids: small consolidation

examples/fluids: factor Newtonian with better helpers

examples/fluids: avoid pow(double, int) due to CUDA_ERROR_INVALID_PTX

NVRTC with various CUDA versions 11.2 to 11.6 return
CUDA_ERROR_INVALID_PTX when calling pow(double, int) from kernels.
Typicial

examples/fluids: avoid pow(double, int) due to CUDA_ERROR_INVALID_PTX

NVRTC with various CUDA versions 11.2 to 11.6 return
CUDA_ERROR_INVALID_PTX when calling pow(double, int) from kernels.
Typicially pow(x, 2.) is optimized to x*x at -O1 and above with gcc, but
pow(x, 4.) is not optimized.

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examples/fluids: make setup contexts independent

These are now private to each example and can be developed independently.

examples/fluids: remove setup_ctx from printing