Use SNES_FUNCTION_DEFAULT to pick the preferred preconditioning setup per method

Added SNESGetPCFunction() which decides how to get the function from the NPC.

Check converged reason of snes->pc under new preconditioning organization.

In the case of the PC application, the SNES aborts with reason DIVERGED_INNER.
In the case of the line search, a failure of

Check converged reason of snes->pc under new preconditioning organization.

In the case of the PC application, the SNES aborts with reason DIVERGED_INNER.
In the case of the line search, a failure of the preconditioner looks like
a function domain error (so that exit will be proper).

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NEWTONLS works with preconditioned and unpreconditioned functions.

ASPIN (or other left-preconditioned Newton methods) can be run with
either the usual function or the preconditioned function monito

NEWTONLS works with preconditioned and unpreconditioned functions.

ASPIN (or other left-preconditioned Newton methods) can be run with
either the usual function or the preconditioned function monitoring
convergence.

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SNESGetLineSearch / SNESSetLineSearch: rename for consistency

This function was introduced as SNESGetPetscLineSearch, which matches no
established convention, then changed to SNESGetSNESLineSearch a

SNESGetLineSearch / SNESSetLineSearch: rename for consistency

This function was introduced as SNESGetPetscLineSearch, which matches no
established convention, then changed to SNESGetSNESLineSearch according
to the object name SNESLineSearch. This is inconsistent with names such
as MatGetInfo, MatGetColoring, MatGetNullSpace, MatGetLocalToGlobalMapping,
SNESGetConvergedReason, and TSGetAdapt.

This is a change from petsc-3.3.

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Control over initial SNES func/norm in one place; inner ASPIN fix.

Fixed the behavior of left-pc SNESes preconditioning right-pc SNESes.

fixed calls to PetscObjectAMSTake/GrantAccess() to cast first argument to PetscObject

work on AMS interface, consistent naming, ams.h not included in petscviewer.h, no ifdefs

Hg-commit: 642571a1dc7109fdb7e5b0abb23bf260d10eb970

added KSPSetPreSolve() and KSPSetPostSolve() and removing SNES_KSPSolve() having the Eisenstat-Walker code use the SetPre and Post

Hg-commit: e42d7b26aaba7877248896e0fb4089fe619da155

made public several private KSP and SNES methods that may be used by plugin KSP and SNES classes written by users

Hg-commit: 0d6205a1c0feb0cbd5a40a08327fe43345c19792

fixed function names with Default to match new standard (which I just wrote)
fixed a few more functions that should be PETSC_INTERN

Hg-commit: 87889fe4f6d4e8d0963adcc79d438e75330601c6

Change all PETSC_EXTERN_C to PETSC_EXTERN

Hg-commit: 8d2ebbb193fb583bccc64015e35640c4e08c3426

updated from EXTERN_C_BEGIN/END through sys directory

Hg-commit: ee6b7ef2f48ce66402e7e807302de19506ce15df

nonlinear solvers that generate NaN or Inf fnorm should return with diverged reason not generate error

Hg-commit: 5591d03c0bbe46350918e670562ca4785343cd3d

Set snes->usespc to true for NewtonLS

Hg-commit: be5b7d28215522a4b8634d0e00d44955ec323e48