xref: /petsc/src/ts/utils/dmplexlandau/tutorials/ex2.c (revision 7530f0189ecda25d023fdcb28178244332f3efb5)
1 static char help[] = "Runaway electron model with Landau collision operator\n\n";
2 
3 #include <petscdmplex.h>
4 #include <petsclandau.h>
5 #include <petscts.h>
6 #include <petscds.h>
7 #include <petscdmcomposite.h>
8 #include <petsc/private/petscimpl.h>
9 
10 #if defined(PETSC_HAVE_CUDA_NVTX)
11   #if PETSC_PKG_CUDA_VERSION_GE(10, 0, 0)
12     #include <nvtx3/nvToolsExt.h>
13   #else
14     #include <nvToolsExt.h>
15   #endif
16 #endif
17 
18 /* data for runaway electron model */
19 typedef struct REctx_struct {
20   PetscErrorCode (*test)(TS, Vec, PetscInt, PetscReal, PetscBool, LandauCtx *, struct REctx_struct *);
21   PetscErrorCode (*impuritySrcRate)(PetscReal, PetscReal *, LandauCtx *);
22   PetscErrorCode (*E)(Vec, Vec, PetscInt, PetscReal, LandauCtx *, PetscReal *);
23   PetscReal T_cold;        /* temperature of newly ionized electrons and impurity ions */
24   PetscReal ion_potential; /* ionization potential of impurity */
25   PetscReal Ne_ion;        /* effective number of electrons shed in ioization of impurity */
26   PetscReal Ez_initial;
27   PetscReal L; /* inductance */
28   Vec       X_0;
29   PetscInt  imp_idx; /* index for impurity ionizing sink */
30   PetscReal pulse_start;
31   PetscReal pulse_width;
32   PetscReal pulse_rate;
33   PetscReal current_rate;
34   PetscInt  plotIdx;
35   PetscInt  plotStep;
36   PetscInt  idx; /* cache */
37   PetscReal j;   /* cache */
38   PetscReal plotDt;
39   PetscBool plotting;
40   PetscBool use_spitzer_eta;
41   PetscInt  print_period;
42   PetscInt  grid_view_idx;
43 } REctx;
44 
45 static const PetscReal kev_joul = 6.241506479963235e+15; /* 1/1000e */
46 
47 #define RE_CUT 3.
48 /* < v, u_re * v * q > */
f0_j_re(PetscInt dim,PetscInt Nf,PetscInt NfAux,const PetscInt uOff[],const PetscInt uOff_x[],const PetscScalar u[],const PetscScalar u_t[],const PetscScalar u_x[],const PetscInt aOff[],const PetscInt aOff_x[],const PetscScalar a[],const PetscScalar a_t[],const PetscScalar a_x[],PetscReal t,const PetscReal x[],PetscInt numConstants,const PetscScalar constants[],PetscScalar * f0)49 static void f0_j_re(PetscInt dim, PetscInt Nf, PetscInt NfAux, const PetscInt uOff[], const PetscInt uOff_x[], const PetscScalar u[], const PetscScalar u_t[], const PetscScalar u_x[], const PetscInt aOff[], const PetscInt aOff_x[], const PetscScalar a[], const PetscScalar a_t[], const PetscScalar a_x[], PetscReal t, const PetscReal x[], PetscInt numConstants, const PetscScalar constants[], PetscScalar *f0)
50 {
51   PetscReal n_e = PetscRealPart(u[0]);
52   if (dim == 2) {
53     if (x[1] > RE_CUT || x[1] < -RE_CUT) {                    /* simply a cutoff for REs. v_|| > 3 v(T_e) */
54       *f0 = n_e * 2. * PETSC_PI * x[0] * x[1] * constants[0]; /* n * r * v_|| * q */
55     } else {
56       *f0 = 0;
57     }
58   } else {
59     if (x[2] > RE_CUT || x[2] < -RE_CUT) { /* simply a cutoff for REs. v_|| > 3 v(T_e) */
60       *f0 = n_e * x[2] * constants[0];
61     } else {
62       *f0 = 0;
63     }
64   }
65 }
66 
67 /* sum < v, u*v*q > */
f0_jz_sum(PetscInt dim,PetscInt Nf,PetscInt NfAux,const PetscInt uOff[],const PetscInt uOff_x[],const PetscScalar u[],const PetscScalar u_t[],const PetscScalar u_x[],const PetscInt aOff[],const PetscInt aOff_x[],const PetscScalar a[],const PetscScalar a_t[],const PetscScalar a_x[],PetscReal t,const PetscReal x[],PetscInt numConstants,const PetscScalar q[],PetscScalar * f0)68 static void f0_jz_sum(PetscInt dim, PetscInt Nf, PetscInt NfAux, const PetscInt uOff[], const PetscInt uOff_x[], const PetscScalar u[], const PetscScalar u_t[], const PetscScalar u_x[], const PetscInt aOff[], const PetscInt aOff_x[], const PetscScalar a[], const PetscScalar a_t[], const PetscScalar a_x[], PetscReal t, const PetscReal x[], PetscInt numConstants, const PetscScalar q[], PetscScalar *f0)
69 {
70   PetscInt ii;
71   f0[0] = 0;
72   if (dim == 2) {
73     for (ii = 0; ii < Nf; ii++) f0[0] += u[ii] * 2. * PETSC_PI * x[0] * x[1] * q[ii]; /* n * r * v_|| * q * v_0 */
74   } else {
75     for (ii = 0; ii < Nf; ii++) f0[0] += u[ii] * x[2] * q[ii]; /* n * v_|| * q  * v_0 */
76   }
77 }
78 
79 /* < v, n_e > */
f0_n(PetscInt dim,PetscInt Nf,PetscInt NfAux,const PetscInt uOff[],const PetscInt uOff_x[],const PetscScalar u[],const PetscScalar u_t[],const PetscScalar u_x[],const PetscInt aOff[],const PetscInt aOff_x[],const PetscScalar a[],const PetscScalar a_t[],const PetscScalar a_x[],PetscReal t,const PetscReal x[],PetscInt numConstants,const PetscScalar constants[],PetscScalar * f0)80 static void f0_n(PetscInt dim, PetscInt Nf, PetscInt NfAux, const PetscInt uOff[], const PetscInt uOff_x[], const PetscScalar u[], const PetscScalar u_t[], const PetscScalar u_x[], const PetscInt aOff[], const PetscInt aOff_x[], const PetscScalar a[], const PetscScalar a_t[], const PetscScalar a_x[], PetscReal t, const PetscReal x[], PetscInt numConstants, const PetscScalar constants[], PetscScalar *f0)
81 {
82   PetscInt ii = (PetscInt)PetscRealPart(constants[0]);
83   if (dim == 2) f0[0] = 2. * PETSC_PI * x[0] * u[ii];
84   else f0[0] = u[ii];
85 }
86 
87 /* < v, n_e v_|| > */
f0_vz(PetscInt dim,PetscInt Nf,PetscInt NfAux,const PetscInt uOff[],const PetscInt uOff_x[],const PetscScalar u[],const PetscScalar u_t[],const PetscScalar u_x[],const PetscInt aOff[],const PetscInt aOff_x[],const PetscScalar a[],const PetscScalar a_t[],const PetscScalar a_x[],PetscReal t,const PetscReal x[],PetscInt numConstants,const PetscScalar constants[],PetscScalar * f0)88 static void f0_vz(PetscInt dim, PetscInt Nf, PetscInt NfAux, const PetscInt uOff[], const PetscInt uOff_x[], const PetscScalar u[], const PetscScalar u_t[], const PetscScalar u_x[], const PetscInt aOff[], const PetscInt aOff_x[], const PetscScalar a[], const PetscScalar a_t[], const PetscScalar a_x[], PetscReal t, const PetscReal x[], PetscInt numConstants, const PetscScalar constants[], PetscScalar *f0)
89 {
90   PetscInt ii = (PetscInt)PetscRealPart(constants[0]);
91   if (dim == 2) f0[0] = u[ii] * 2. * PETSC_PI * x[0] * x[1]; /* n r v_|| */
92   else f0[0] = u[ii] * x[2];                                 /* n v_|| */
93 }
94 
95 /* < v, n_e (v-shift) > */
f0_ve_shift(PetscInt dim,PetscInt Nf,PetscInt NfAux,const PetscInt uOff[],const PetscInt uOff_x[],const PetscScalar u[],const PetscScalar u_t[],const PetscScalar u_x[],const PetscInt aOff[],const PetscInt aOff_x[],const PetscScalar a[],const PetscScalar a_t[],const PetscScalar a_x[],PetscReal t,const PetscReal x[],PetscInt numConstants,const PetscScalar constants[],PetscScalar * f0)96 static void f0_ve_shift(PetscInt dim, PetscInt Nf, PetscInt NfAux, const PetscInt uOff[], const PetscInt uOff_x[], const PetscScalar u[], const PetscScalar u_t[], const PetscScalar u_x[], const PetscInt aOff[], const PetscInt aOff_x[], const PetscScalar a[], const PetscScalar a_t[], const PetscScalar a_x[], PetscReal t, const PetscReal x[], PetscInt numConstants, const PetscScalar constants[], PetscScalar *f0)
97 {
98   PetscReal vz = numConstants > 0 ? PetscRealPart(constants[0]) : 0;
99   if (dim == 2) *f0 = u[0] * 2. * PETSC_PI * x[0] * PetscSqrtReal(x[0] * x[0] + (x[1] - vz) * (x[1] - vz)); /* n r v */
100   else {
101     *f0 = u[0] * PetscSqrtReal(x[0] * x[0] + x[1] * x[1] + (x[2] - vz) * (x[2] - vz)); /* n v */
102   }
103 }
104 
105 /* CalculateE - Calculate the electric field  */
106 /*  T        -- Electron temperature  */
107 /*  n        -- Electron density  */
108 /*  lnLambda --   */
109 /*  eps0     --  */
110 /*  E        -- output E, input \hat E */
CalculateE(PetscReal Tev,PetscReal n,PetscReal lnLambda,PetscReal eps0,PetscReal * E)111 static PetscReal CalculateE(PetscReal Tev, PetscReal n, PetscReal lnLambda, PetscReal eps0, PetscReal *E)
112 {
113   PetscReal c, e, m;
114 
115   PetscFunctionBegin;
116   c = 299792458.0;
117   e = 1.602176e-19;
118   m = 9.10938e-31;
119   if (1) {
120     double Ec, Ehat = *E, betath = PetscSqrtReal(2 * Tev * e / (m * c * c)), j0 = Ehat * 7 / (PetscSqrtReal(2) * 2) * PetscPowReal(betath, 3) * n * e * c;
121     Ec = n * lnLambda * PetscPowReal(e, 3) / (4 * PETSC_PI * PetscPowReal(eps0, 2) * m * c * c);
122     *E = Ec;
123     PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_WORLD, "CalculateE j0=%g Ec = %g\n", j0, Ec));
124   } else {
125     PetscReal Ed, vth;
126     vth = PetscSqrtReal(8 * Tev * e / (m * PETSC_PI));
127     Ed  = n * lnLambda * PetscPowReal(e, 3) / (4 * PETSC_PI * PetscPowReal(eps0, 2) * m * vth * vth);
128     *E  = Ed;
129   }
130   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
131 }
132 
Spitzer(PetscReal m_e,PetscReal e,PetscReal Z,PetscReal epsilon0,PetscReal lnLam,PetscReal kTe_joules)133 static PetscReal Spitzer(PetscReal m_e, PetscReal e, PetscReal Z, PetscReal epsilon0, PetscReal lnLam, PetscReal kTe_joules)
134 {
135   PetscReal Fz = (1 + 1.198 * Z + 0.222 * Z * Z) / (1 + 2.966 * Z + 0.753 * Z * Z), eta;
136   eta          = Fz * 4. / 3. * PetscSqrtReal(2. * PETSC_PI) * Z * PetscSqrtReal(m_e) * PetscSqr(e) * lnLam * PetscPowReal(4 * PETSC_PI * epsilon0, -2.) * PetscPowReal(kTe_joules, -1.5);
137   return eta;
138 }
139 
testNone(TS ts,Vec X,PetscInt stepi,PetscReal time,PetscBool islast,LandauCtx * ctx,REctx * rectx)140 static PetscErrorCode testNone(TS ts, Vec X, PetscInt stepi, PetscReal time, PetscBool islast, LandauCtx *ctx, REctx *rectx)
141 {
142   PetscFunctionBeginUser;
143   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
144 }
145 
testSpitzer(TS ts,Vec X,PetscInt stepi,PetscReal time,PetscBool islast,LandauCtx * ctx,REctx * rectx)146 static PetscErrorCode testSpitzer(TS ts, Vec X, PetscInt stepi, PetscReal time, PetscBool islast, LandauCtx *ctx, REctx *rectx)
147 {
148   PetscInt          ii, nDMs;
149   PetscDS           prob;
150   static PetscReal  old_ratio = 1e10;
151   TSConvergedReason reason;
152   PetscReal         J, J_re, spit_eta, Te_kev = 0, E, ratio, Z, n_e, v, v2;
153   PetscScalar       user[2] = {0., ctx->charges[0]}, q[LANDAU_MAX_SPECIES], tt[LANDAU_MAX_SPECIES], vz;
154   PetscReal         dt;
155   DM                pack, plexe = ctx->plex[0], plexi = (ctx->num_grids == 1) ? NULL : ctx->plex[1];
156   Vec              *XsubArray;
157 
158   PetscFunctionBeginUser;
159   PetscCheck(ctx->num_species == 2, PETSC_COMM_SELF, PETSC_ERR_PLIB, "ctx->num_species %" PetscInt_FMT " != 2", ctx->num_species);
160   PetscCall(VecGetDM(X, &pack));
161   PetscCheck(pack, PETSC_COMM_SELF, PETSC_ERR_PLIB, "no DM");
162   PetscCall(DMCompositeGetNumberDM(pack, &nDMs));
163   PetscCheck(nDMs == ctx->num_grids * ctx->batch_sz, PETSC_COMM_SELF, PETSC_ERR_PLIB, "nDMs != ctx->num_grids*ctx->batch_sz %" PetscInt_FMT " != %" PetscInt_FMT, nDMs, ctx->num_grids * ctx->batch_sz);
164   PetscCall(PetscMalloc(sizeof(*XsubArray) * nDMs, &XsubArray));
165   PetscCall(DMCompositeGetAccessArray(pack, X, nDMs, NULL, XsubArray)); // read only
166   PetscCall(TSGetTimeStep(ts, &dt));
167   /* get current for each grid */
168   for (ii = 0; ii < ctx->num_species; ii++) q[ii] = ctx->charges[ii];
169   PetscCall(DMGetDS(plexe, &prob));
170   PetscCall(PetscDSSetConstants(prob, 2, &q[0]));
171   PetscCall(PetscDSSetObjective(prob, 0, &f0_jz_sum));
172   PetscCall(DMPlexComputeIntegralFEM(plexe, XsubArray[LAND_PACK_IDX(ctx->batch_view_idx, 0)], tt, NULL));
173   J = -ctx->n_0 * ctx->v_0 * PetscRealPart(tt[0]);
174   if (plexi) { // add first (only) ion
175     PetscCall(DMGetDS(plexi, &prob));
176     PetscCall(PetscDSSetConstants(prob, 1, &q[1]));
177     PetscCall(PetscDSSetObjective(prob, 0, &f0_jz_sum));
178     PetscCall(DMPlexComputeIntegralFEM(plexi, XsubArray[LAND_PACK_IDX(ctx->batch_view_idx, 1)], tt, NULL));
179     J += -ctx->n_0 * ctx->v_0 * PetscRealPart(tt[0]);
180   }
181   /* get N_e */
182   PetscCall(DMGetDS(plexe, &prob));
183   PetscCall(PetscDSSetConstants(prob, 1, user));
184   PetscCall(PetscDSSetObjective(prob, 0, &f0_n));
185   PetscCall(DMPlexComputeIntegralFEM(plexe, XsubArray[LAND_PACK_IDX(ctx->batch_view_idx, 0)], tt, NULL));
186   n_e = PetscRealPart(tt[0]) * ctx->n_0;
187   /* Z */
188   Z = -ctx->charges[1] / ctx->charges[0];
189   /* remove drift */
190   if (0) {
191     user[0] = 0; // electrons
192     PetscCall(DMGetDS(plexe, &prob));
193     PetscCall(PetscDSSetConstants(prob, 1, user));
194     PetscCall(PetscDSSetObjective(prob, 0, &f0_vz));
195     PetscCall(DMPlexComputeIntegralFEM(plexe, XsubArray[LAND_PACK_IDX(ctx->batch_view_idx, 0)], tt, NULL));
196     vz = ctx->n_0 * PetscRealPart(tt[0]) / n_e; /* non-dimensional */
197   } else vz = 0;
198   /* thermal velocity */
199   PetscCall(DMGetDS(plexe, &prob));
200   PetscCall(PetscDSSetConstants(prob, 1, &vz));
201   PetscCall(PetscDSSetObjective(prob, 0, &f0_ve_shift));
202   PetscCall(DMPlexComputeIntegralFEM(plexe, XsubArray[LAND_PACK_IDX(ctx->batch_view_idx, 0)], tt, NULL));
203   v        = ctx->n_0 * ctx->v_0 * PetscRealPart(tt[0]) / n_e;                                                   /* remove number density to get velocity */
204   v2       = PetscSqr(v);                                                                                        /* use real space: m^2 / s^2 */
205   Te_kev   = (v2 * ctx->masses[0] * PETSC_PI / 8) * kev_joul;                                                    /* temperature in kev */
206   spit_eta = Spitzer(ctx->masses[0], -ctx->charges[0], Z, ctx->epsilon0, ctx->lambdas[0][1], Te_kev / kev_joul); /* kev --> J (kT) */
207   if (0) {
208     PetscCall(DMGetDS(plexe, &prob));
209     PetscCall(PetscDSSetConstants(prob, 1, q));
210     PetscCall(PetscDSSetObjective(prob, 0, &f0_j_re));
211     PetscCall(DMPlexComputeIntegralFEM(plexe, XsubArray[LAND_PACK_IDX(ctx->batch_view_idx, 0)], tt, NULL));
212   } else tt[0] = 0;
213   J_re = -ctx->n_0 * ctx->v_0 * PetscRealPart(tt[0]);
214   PetscCall(DMCompositeRestoreAccessArray(pack, X, nDMs, NULL, XsubArray)); // read only
215   PetscCall(PetscFree(XsubArray));
216 
217   if (rectx->use_spitzer_eta) {
218     E = ctx->Ez = spit_eta * (rectx->j - J_re);
219   } else {
220     E        = ctx->Ez; /* keep real E */
221     rectx->j = J;       /* cache */
222   }
223 
224   ratio = E / J / spit_eta;
225   if (stepi > 10 && !rectx->use_spitzer_eta && (old_ratio - ratio < 1.e-6)) {
226     rectx->pulse_start     = time + 0.98 * dt;
227     rectx->use_spitzer_eta = PETSC_TRUE;
228   }
229   PetscCall(TSGetConvergedReason(ts, &reason));
230   PetscCall(TSGetConvergedReason(ts, &reason));
231   if (rectx->plotting || stepi == 0 || reason || rectx->pulse_start == time + 0.98 * dt) {
232     PetscCall(PetscPrintf(ctx->comm, "testSpitzer: %4" PetscInt_FMT ") time=%11.4e n_e= %10.3e E= %10.3e J= %10.3e J_re= %10.3e %.3g%% Te_kev= %10.3e Z_eff=%g E/J to eta ratio= %g (diff=%g) %s %s spit_eta=%g\n", stepi, (double)time,
233                           (double)(n_e / ctx->n_0), (double)ctx->Ez, (double)J, (double)J_re, (double)(100 * J_re / J), (double)Te_kev, (double)Z, (double)ratio, (double)(old_ratio - ratio), rectx->use_spitzer_eta ? "using Spitzer eta*J E" : "constant E", rectx->pulse_start != time + 0.98 * dt ? "normal" : "transition", (double)spit_eta));
234     PetscCheck(rectx->pulse_start != (time + 0.98 * dt), PETSC_COMM_WORLD, PETSC_ERR_ARG_WRONG, "Spitzer complete ratio=%g", (double)ratio);
235   }
236   old_ratio = ratio;
237   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
238 }
239 
240 static const double ppp = 2;
f0_0_diff_lp(PetscInt dim,PetscInt Nf,PetscInt NfAux,const PetscInt uOff[],const PetscInt uOff_x[],const PetscScalar u[],const PetscScalar u_t[],const PetscScalar u_x[],const PetscInt aOff[],const PetscInt aOff_x[],const PetscScalar a[],const PetscScalar a_t[],const PetscScalar a_x[],PetscReal t,const PetscReal x[],PetscInt numConstants,const PetscScalar constants[],PetscScalar * f0)241 static void f0_0_diff_lp(PetscInt dim, PetscInt Nf, PetscInt NfAux, const PetscInt uOff[], const PetscInt uOff_x[], const PetscScalar u[], const PetscScalar u_t[], const PetscScalar u_x[], const PetscInt aOff[], const PetscInt aOff_x[], const PetscScalar a[], const PetscScalar a_t[], const PetscScalar a_x[], PetscReal t, const PetscReal x[], PetscInt numConstants, const PetscScalar constants[], PetscScalar *f0)
242 {
243   LandauCtx      *ctx   = (LandauCtx *)constants;
244   REctx          *rectx = (REctx *)ctx->data;
245   PetscInt        ii    = rectx->idx, i;
246   const PetscReal kT_m  = ctx->k * ctx->thermal_temps[ii] / ctx->masses[ii]; /* kT/m */
247   const PetscReal n     = ctx->n[ii];
248   PetscReal       diff, f_maxwell, v2 = 0, theta = 2 * kT_m / (ctx->v_0 * ctx->v_0); /* theta = 2kT/mc^2 */
249   for (i = 0; i < dim; ++i) v2 += x[i] * x[i];
250   f_maxwell = n * PetscPowReal(PETSC_PI * theta, -1.5) * (PetscExpReal(-v2 / theta));
251   diff      = 2. * PETSC_PI * x[0] * (PetscRealPart(u[ii]) - f_maxwell);
252   f0[0]     = PetscPowReal(diff, ppp);
253 }
254 
f0_0_maxwellian_lp(PetscInt dim,PetscInt Nf,PetscInt NfAux,const PetscInt uOff[],const PetscInt uOff_x[],const PetscScalar u[],const PetscScalar u_t[],const PetscScalar u_x[],const PetscInt aOff[],const PetscInt aOff_x[],const PetscScalar a[],const PetscScalar a_t[],const PetscScalar a_x[],PetscReal t,const PetscReal x[],PetscInt numConstants,const PetscScalar constants[],PetscScalar * f0)255 static void f0_0_maxwellian_lp(PetscInt dim, PetscInt Nf, PetscInt NfAux, const PetscInt uOff[], const PetscInt uOff_x[], const PetscScalar u[], const PetscScalar u_t[], const PetscScalar u_x[], const PetscInt aOff[], const PetscInt aOff_x[], const PetscScalar a[], const PetscScalar a_t[], const PetscScalar a_x[], PetscReal t, const PetscReal x[], PetscInt numConstants, const PetscScalar constants[], PetscScalar *f0)
256 {
257   LandauCtx      *ctx   = (LandauCtx *)constants;
258   REctx          *rectx = (REctx *)ctx->data;
259   PetscInt        ii    = rectx->idx, i;
260   const PetscReal kT_m  = ctx->k * ctx->thermal_temps[ii] / ctx->masses[ii]; /* kT/m */
261   const PetscReal n     = ctx->n[ii];
262   PetscReal       f_maxwell, v2 = 0, theta = 2 * kT_m / (ctx->v_0 * ctx->v_0); /* theta = 2kT/mc^2 */
263   for (i = 0; i < dim; ++i) v2 += x[i] * x[i];
264   f_maxwell = 2. * PETSC_PI * x[0] * n * PetscPowReal(PETSC_PI * theta, -1.5) * (PetscExpReal(-v2 / theta));
265   f0[0]     = PetscPowReal(f_maxwell, ppp);
266 }
267 
testStable(TS ts,Vec X,PetscInt stepi,PetscReal time,PetscBool islast,LandauCtx * ctx,REctx * rectx)268 static PetscErrorCode testStable(TS ts, Vec X, PetscInt stepi, PetscReal time, PetscBool islast, LandauCtx *ctx, REctx *rectx)
269 {
270   PetscDS     prob;
271   Vec         X2;
272   PetscReal   ediff, idiff = 0, lpm0, lpm1 = 1;
273   PetscScalar tt[LANDAU_MAX_SPECIES];
274   DM          dm, plex = ctx->plex[0];
275 
276   PetscFunctionBeginUser;
277   PetscCall(VecGetDM(X, &dm));
278   PetscCall(DMGetDS(plex, &prob));
279   PetscCall(VecDuplicate(X, &X2));
280   PetscCall(VecCopy(X, X2));
281   if (!rectx->X_0) {
282     PetscCall(VecDuplicate(X, &rectx->X_0));
283     PetscCall(VecCopy(X, rectx->X_0));
284   }
285   PetscCall(VecAXPY(X, -1.0, rectx->X_0));
286   PetscCall(PetscDSSetConstants(prob, sizeof(LandauCtx) / sizeof(PetscScalar), (PetscScalar *)ctx));
287   rectx->idx = 0;
288   PetscCall(PetscDSSetObjective(prob, 0, &f0_0_diff_lp));
289   PetscCall(DMPlexComputeIntegralFEM(plex, X2, tt, NULL));
290   ediff = PetscPowReal(PetscRealPart(tt[0]), 1. / ppp);
291   PetscCall(PetscDSSetObjective(prob, 0, &f0_0_maxwellian_lp));
292   PetscCall(DMPlexComputeIntegralFEM(plex, X2, tt, NULL));
293   lpm0 = PetscPowReal(PetscRealPart(tt[0]), 1. / ppp);
294   if (ctx->num_species > 1) {
295     rectx->idx = 1;
296     PetscCall(PetscDSSetObjective(prob, 0, &f0_0_diff_lp));
297     PetscCall(DMPlexComputeIntegralFEM(plex, X2, tt, NULL));
298     idiff = PetscPowReal(PetscRealPart(tt[0]), 1. / ppp);
299     PetscCall(PetscDSSetObjective(prob, 0, &f0_0_maxwellian_lp));
300     PetscCall(DMPlexComputeIntegralFEM(plex, X2, tt, NULL));
301     lpm1 = PetscPowReal(PetscRealPart(tt[0]), 1. / ppp);
302   }
303   PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_WORLD, "%s %" PetscInt_FMT ") time=%10.3e n-%d norm electrons/max=%20.13e ions/max=%20.13e\n", "----", stepi, (double)time, (int)ppp, (double)(ediff / lpm0), (double)(idiff / lpm1)));
304   /* view */
305   PetscCall(VecCopy(X2, X));
306   PetscCall(VecDestroy(&X2));
307   if (islast) {
308     PetscCall(VecDestroy(&rectx->X_0));
309     rectx->X_0 = NULL;
310   }
311   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
312 }
313 
EInduction(Vec X,Vec X_t,PetscInt step,PetscReal time,LandauCtx * ctx,PetscReal * a_E)314 static PetscErrorCode EInduction(Vec X, Vec X_t, PetscInt step, PetscReal time, LandauCtx *ctx, PetscReal *a_E)
315 {
316   REctx      *rectx = (REctx *)ctx->data;
317   PetscInt    ii;
318   DM          dm, plex;
319   PetscScalar tt[LANDAU_MAX_SPECIES], qv0[LANDAU_MAX_SPECIES];
320   PetscReal   dJ_dt;
321   PetscDS     prob;
322 
323   PetscFunctionBeginUser;
324   for (ii = 0; ii < ctx->num_species; ii++) qv0[ii] = ctx->charges[ii] * ctx->v_0;
325   PetscCall(VecGetDM(X, &dm));
326   PetscCall(DMGetDS(dm, &prob));
327   PetscCall(DMConvert(dm, DMPLEX, &plex));
328   /* get d current / dt */
329   PetscCall(PetscDSSetConstants(prob, ctx->num_species, qv0));
330   PetscCall(PetscDSSetObjective(prob, 0, &f0_jz_sum));
331   PetscCheck(X_t, PETSC_COMM_SELF, PETSC_ERR_PLIB, "X_t");
332   PetscCall(DMPlexComputeIntegralFEM(plex, X_t, tt, NULL));
333   dJ_dt = -ctx->n_0 * PetscRealPart(tt[0]) / ctx->t_0;
334   /* E induction */
335   *a_E = -rectx->L * dJ_dt + rectx->Ez_initial;
336   PetscCall(DMDestroy(&plex));
337   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
338 }
339 
EConstant(Vec X,Vec X_t,PetscInt step,PetscReal time,LandauCtx * ctx,PetscReal * a_E)340 static PetscErrorCode EConstant(Vec X, Vec X_t, PetscInt step, PetscReal time, LandauCtx *ctx, PetscReal *a_E)
341 {
342   PetscFunctionBeginUser;
343   *a_E = ctx->Ez;
344   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
345 }
346 
ENone(Vec X,Vec X_t,PetscInt step,PetscReal time,LandauCtx * ctx,PetscReal * a_E)347 static PetscErrorCode ENone(Vec X, Vec X_t, PetscInt step, PetscReal time, LandauCtx *ctx, PetscReal *a_E)
348 {
349   PetscFunctionBeginUser;
350   *a_E = 0;
351   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
352 }
353 
354 /* ------------------------------------------------------------------- */
355 /*
356    FormSource - Evaluates source terms F(t).
357 
358    Input Parameters:
359 .  ts - the TS context
360 .  time -
361 .  X_dummmy - input vector
362 .  dummy - optional user-defined context, as set by SNESSetFunction()
363 
364    Output Parameter:
365 .  F - function vector
366  */
FormSource(TS ts,PetscReal ftime,Vec X_dummmy,Vec F,void * dummy)367 static PetscErrorCode FormSource(TS ts, PetscReal ftime, Vec X_dummmy, Vec F, void *dummy)
368 {
369   PetscReal  new_imp_rate;
370   LandauCtx *ctx;
371   DM         pack;
372   REctx     *rectx;
373 
374   PetscFunctionBeginUser;
375   PetscCall(TSGetDM(ts, &pack));
376   PetscCall(DMGetApplicationContext(pack, &ctx));
377   rectx = (REctx *)ctx->data;
378   /* check for impurities */
379   PetscCall(rectx->impuritySrcRate(ftime, &new_imp_rate, ctx));
380   if (new_imp_rate != 0) {
381     if (new_imp_rate != rectx->current_rate) {
382       PetscInt  ii;
383       PetscReal dne_dt, dni_dt, tilda_ns[LANDAU_MAX_SPECIES], temps[LANDAU_MAX_SPECIES];
384       Vec       globFarray[LANDAU_MAX_GRIDS * LANDAU_MAX_BATCH_SZ];
385       rectx->current_rate = new_imp_rate;
386       for (ii = 1; ii < LANDAU_MAX_SPECIES; ii++) tilda_ns[ii] = 0;
387       for (ii = 1; ii < LANDAU_MAX_SPECIES; ii++) temps[ii] = 1;
388       dni_dt                   = new_imp_rate /* *ctx->t_0 */; /* fully ionized immediately, no normalize, stay in non-dim */
389       dne_dt                   = new_imp_rate * rectx->Ne_ion /* *ctx->t_0 */;
390       tilda_ns[0]              = dne_dt;
391       tilda_ns[rectx->imp_idx] = dni_dt;
392       temps[0]                 = rectx->T_cold;
393       temps[rectx->imp_idx]    = rectx->T_cold;
394       PetscCall(PetscInfo(ctx->plex[0], "\tHave new_imp_rate= %10.3e time= %10.3e de/dt= %10.3e di/dt= %10.3e ***\n", (double)new_imp_rate, (double)ftime, (double)dne_dt, (double)dni_dt));
395       PetscCall(DMCompositeGetAccessArray(pack, F, ctx->num_grids * ctx->batch_sz, NULL, globFarray));
396       for (PetscInt grid = 0; grid < ctx->num_grids; grid++) {
397         /* add it */
398         PetscCall(DMPlexLandauAddMaxwellians(ctx->plex[grid], globFarray[LAND_PACK_IDX(0, grid)], ftime, temps, tilda_ns, grid, 0, 1, ctx));
399       }
400       // Does DMCompositeRestoreAccessArray copy the data back? (no)
401       PetscCall(DMCompositeRestoreAccessArray(pack, F, ctx->num_grids * ctx->batch_sz, NULL, globFarray));
402     }
403   } else {
404     PetscCall(VecZeroEntries(F));
405     rectx->current_rate = 0;
406   }
407   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
408 }
409 
Monitor(TS ts,PetscInt stepi,PetscReal time,Vec X,void * actx)410 static PetscErrorCode Monitor(TS ts, PetscInt stepi, PetscReal time, Vec X, void *actx)
411 {
412   LandauCtx        *ctx   = (LandauCtx *)actx; /* user-defined application context */
413   REctx            *rectx = (REctx *)ctx->data;
414   DM                pack  = NULL;
415   Vec               globXArray[LANDAU_MAX_GRIDS * LANDAU_MAX_BATCH_SZ];
416   TSConvergedReason reason;
417 
418   PetscFunctionBeginUser;
419   PetscCall(TSGetConvergedReason(ts, &reason));
420   if (rectx->grid_view_idx != -1 || (reason && ctx->verbose > 3)) {
421     PetscCall(VecGetDM(X, &pack));
422     PetscCall(DMCompositeGetAccessArray(pack, X, ctx->num_grids * ctx->batch_sz, NULL, globXArray));
423   }
424   if (stepi > rectx->plotStep && rectx->plotting) {
425     rectx->plotting = PETSC_FALSE; /* was doing diagnostics, now done */
426     rectx->plotIdx++;
427   }
428   /* view */
429   if (time / rectx->plotDt >= (PetscReal)rectx->plotIdx || reason) {
430     if ((reason || stepi == 0 || rectx->plotIdx % rectx->print_period == 0) && ctx->verbose > 1) {
431       /* print norms */
432       PetscCall(DMPlexLandauPrintNorms(X, stepi));
433     }
434     if (!rectx->plotting) { /* first step of possible backtracks */
435       rectx->plotting = PETSC_TRUE;
436       /* diagnostics + change E field with Sptizer (not just a monitor) */
437       PetscCall(rectx->test(ts, X, stepi, time, reason ? PETSC_TRUE : PETSC_FALSE, ctx, rectx));
438     } else {
439       PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_WORLD, "\t\t ERROR SKIP test spit ------\n"));
440       rectx->plotting = PETSC_TRUE;
441     }
442     if (rectx->grid_view_idx != -1) {
443       PetscCall(PetscObjectSetName((PetscObject)globXArray[LAND_PACK_IDX(ctx->batch_view_idx, rectx->grid_view_idx)], rectx->grid_view_idx == 0 ? "ue" : "ui"));
444       /* view, overwrite step when back tracked */
445       PetscCall(DMSetOutputSequenceNumber(ctx->plex[rectx->grid_view_idx], rectx->plotIdx, time * ctx->t_0));
446       PetscCall(VecViewFromOptions(globXArray[LAND_PACK_IDX(ctx->batch_view_idx, rectx->grid_view_idx)], NULL, "-ex2_vec_view"));
447     }
448     rectx->plotStep = stepi;
449   } else {
450     if (rectx->plotting) PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_WORLD, " ERROR rectx->plotting=%s step %" PetscInt_FMT "\n", PetscBools[rectx->plotting], stepi));
451     /* diagnostics + change E field with Sptizer (not just a monitor) - can we lag this? */
452     PetscCall(rectx->test(ts, X, stepi, time, reason ? PETSC_TRUE : PETSC_FALSE, ctx, rectx));
453   }
454   /* parallel check that only works of all batches are identical */
455   if (reason && ctx->verbose > 3 && ctx->batch_sz > 1) {
456     PetscReal   val, rval;
457     PetscMPIInt rank;
458     PetscCallMPI(MPI_Comm_rank(PETSC_COMM_WORLD, &rank));
459     for (PetscInt grid = 0; grid < ctx->num_grids; grid++) {
460       PetscInt nerrors = 0;
461       for (PetscInt i = 0; i < ctx->batch_sz; i++) {
462         PetscCall(VecNorm(globXArray[LAND_PACK_IDX(i, grid)], NORM_2, &val));
463         if (i == 0) rval = val;
464         else if ((val = PetscAbs(val - rval) / rval) > 1000 * PETSC_MACHINE_EPSILON) {
465           PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, " [%d] Warning %" PetscInt_FMT ".%" PetscInt_FMT ") diff = %2.15e\n", rank, grid, i, (double)val));
466           nerrors++;
467         }
468       }
469       if (nerrors) {
470         PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, " ***** [%d] ERROR max %" PetscInt_FMT " errors\n", rank, nerrors));
471       } else {
472         PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_WORLD, "[%d] %" PetscInt_FMT ") batch consistency check OK\n", rank, grid));
473       }
474     }
475   }
476   rectx->idx = 0;
477   if (rectx->grid_view_idx != -1 || (reason && ctx->verbose > 3)) PetscCall(DMCompositeRestoreAccessArray(pack, X, ctx->num_grids * ctx->batch_sz, NULL, globXArray));
478   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
479 }
480 
PreStep(TS ts)481 static PetscErrorCode PreStep(TS ts)
482 {
483   LandauCtx *ctx;
484   REctx     *rectx;
485   DM         dm;
486   PetscInt   stepi;
487   PetscReal  time;
488   Vec        X;
489 
490   PetscFunctionBeginUser;
491   /* not used */
492   PetscCall(TSGetDM(ts, &dm));
493   PetscCall(TSGetTime(ts, &time));
494   PetscCall(TSGetSolution(ts, &X));
495   PetscCall(DMGetApplicationContext(dm, &ctx));
496   rectx = (REctx *)ctx->data;
497   PetscCall(TSGetStepNumber(ts, &stepi));
498   /* update E */
499   PetscCall(rectx->E(X, NULL, stepi, time, ctx, &ctx->Ez));
500   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
501 }
502 
503 /* model for source of non-ionized impurities, profile provided by model, in du/dt form in normalized units (tricky because n_0 is normalized with electrons) */
stepSrc(PetscReal time,PetscReal * rho,LandauCtx * ctx)504 static PetscErrorCode stepSrc(PetscReal time, PetscReal *rho, LandauCtx *ctx)
505 {
506   REctx *rectx = (REctx *)ctx->data;
507 
508   PetscFunctionBeginUser;
509   if (time >= rectx->pulse_start) *rho = rectx->pulse_rate;
510   else *rho = 0.;
511   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
512 }
zeroSrc(PetscReal time,PetscReal * rho,LandauCtx * ctx)513 static PetscErrorCode zeroSrc(PetscReal time, PetscReal *rho, LandauCtx *ctx)
514 {
515   PetscFunctionBeginUser;
516   *rho = 0.;
517   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
518 }
519 
pulseSrc(PetscReal time,PetscReal * rho,LandauCtx * ctx)520 static PetscErrorCode pulseSrc(PetscReal time, PetscReal *rho, LandauCtx *ctx)
521 {
522   REctx *rectx = (REctx *)ctx->data;
523 
524   PetscFunctionBeginUser;
525   PetscCheck(rectx->pulse_start != PETSC_MAX_REAL, PETSC_COMM_WORLD, PETSC_ERR_ARG_WRONG, "'-ex2_pulse_start_time X' must be used with '-ex2_impurity_source_type pulse'");
526   if (time < rectx->pulse_start || time > rectx->pulse_start + 3 * rectx->pulse_width) *rho = 0;
527   else {
528     double x = PetscSinReal((time - rectx->pulse_start) / (3 * rectx->pulse_width) * 2 * PETSC_PI - PETSC_PI / 2) + 1; /* 0:2, integrates to 1.0 */
529     *rho     = rectx->pulse_rate * x / (3 * rectx->pulse_width);
530     if (!rectx->use_spitzer_eta) rectx->use_spitzer_eta = PETSC_TRUE; /* use it next time */
531   }
532   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
533 }
534 
ProcessREOptions(REctx * rectx,const LandauCtx * ctx,DM dm,const char prefix[])535 static PetscErrorCode ProcessREOptions(REctx *rectx, const LandauCtx *ctx, DM dm, const char prefix[])
536 {
537   PetscFunctionList plist = NULL, testlist = NULL, elist = NULL;
538   char              pname[256], testname[256], ename[256];
539   DM                dm_dummy;
540   PetscBool         Connor_E = PETSC_FALSE;
541 
542   PetscFunctionBeginUser;
543   PetscCall(DMCreate(PETSC_COMM_WORLD, &dm_dummy));
544   rectx->Ne_ion          = 1;    /* number of electrons given up by impurity ion */
545   rectx->T_cold          = .005; /* kev */
546   rectx->ion_potential   = 15;   /* ev */
547   rectx->L               = 2;
548   rectx->X_0             = NULL;
549   rectx->imp_idx         = ctx->num_species - 1; /* default ionized impurity as last one */
550   rectx->pulse_start     = PETSC_MAX_REAL;
551   rectx->pulse_width     = 1;
552   rectx->plotStep        = PETSC_INT_MAX;
553   rectx->pulse_rate      = 1.e-1;
554   rectx->current_rate    = 0;
555   rectx->plotIdx         = 0;
556   rectx->j               = 0;
557   rectx->plotDt          = 1.0;
558   rectx->plotting        = PETSC_FALSE;
559   rectx->use_spitzer_eta = PETSC_FALSE;
560   rectx->idx             = 0;
561   rectx->print_period    = 10;
562   rectx->grid_view_idx   = -1; // do not get if not needed
563   /* Register the available impurity sources */
564   PetscCall(PetscFunctionListAdd(&plist, "step", &stepSrc));
565   PetscCall(PetscFunctionListAdd(&plist, "none", &zeroSrc));
566   PetscCall(PetscFunctionListAdd(&plist, "pulse", &pulseSrc));
567   PetscCall(PetscStrncpy(pname, "none", sizeof(pname)));
568   PetscCall(PetscFunctionListAdd(&testlist, "none", &testNone));
569   PetscCall(PetscFunctionListAdd(&testlist, "spitzer", &testSpitzer));
570   PetscCall(PetscFunctionListAdd(&testlist, "stable", &testStable));
571   PetscCall(PetscStrncpy(testname, "none", sizeof(testname)));
572   PetscCall(PetscFunctionListAdd(&elist, "none", &ENone));
573   PetscCall(PetscFunctionListAdd(&elist, "induction", &EInduction));
574   PetscCall(PetscFunctionListAdd(&elist, "constant", &EConstant));
575   PetscCall(PetscStrncpy(ename, "constant", sizeof(ename)));
576 
577   PetscOptionsBegin(PETSC_COMM_SELF, prefix, "Options for Runaway/seed electron model", "none");
578   PetscCall(PetscOptionsReal("-ex2_plot_dt", "Plotting interval", "ex2.c", rectx->plotDt, &rectx->plotDt, NULL));
579   if (rectx->plotDt < 0) rectx->plotDt = 1e30;
580   if (rectx->plotDt == 0) rectx->plotDt = 1e-30;
581   PetscCall(PetscOptionsInt("-ex2_print_period", "Plotting interval", "ex2.c", rectx->print_period, &rectx->print_period, NULL));
582   PetscCall(PetscOptionsInt("-ex2_grid_view_idx", "grid_view_idx", "ex2.c", rectx->grid_view_idx, &rectx->grid_view_idx, NULL));
583   PetscCheck(rectx->grid_view_idx < ctx->num_grids || rectx->grid_view_idx == -1, PETSC_COMM_WORLD, PETSC_ERR_ARG_WRONG, "rectx->grid_view_idx (%" PetscInt_FMT ") >= ctx->num_grids (%" PetscInt_FMT ")", rectx->imp_idx, ctx->num_grids);
584   PetscCall(PetscOptionsFList("-ex2_impurity_source_type", "Name of impurity source to run", "", plist, pname, pname, sizeof(pname), NULL));
585   PetscCall(PetscOptionsFList("-ex2_test_type", "Name of test to run", "", testlist, testname, testname, sizeof(testname), NULL));
586   PetscCall(PetscOptionsInt("-ex2_impurity_index", "index of sink for impurities", "none", rectx->imp_idx, &rectx->imp_idx, NULL));
587   PetscCheck((rectx->imp_idx < ctx->num_species && rectx->imp_idx >= 1) || ctx->num_species <= 1, PETSC_COMM_WORLD, PETSC_ERR_ARG_WRONG, "index of sink for impurities ions is out of range (%" PetscInt_FMT "), must be > 0 && < NS", rectx->imp_idx);
588   PetscCall(PetscOptionsFList("-ex2_e_field_type", "Electric field type", "", elist, ename, ename, sizeof(ename), NULL));
589   rectx->Ne_ion = -ctx->charges[rectx->imp_idx] / ctx->charges[0];
590   PetscCall(PetscOptionsReal("-ex2_t_cold", "Temperature of cold electron and ions after ionization in keV", "none", rectx->T_cold, &rectx->T_cold, NULL));
591   PetscCall(PetscOptionsReal("-ex2_pulse_start_time", "Time at which pulse happens for 'pulse' source", "none", rectx->pulse_start, &rectx->pulse_start, NULL));
592   PetscCall(PetscOptionsReal("-ex2_pulse_width_time", "Width of pulse 'pulse' source", "none", rectx->pulse_width, &rectx->pulse_width, NULL));
593   PetscCall(PetscOptionsReal("-ex2_pulse_rate", "Number density of pulse for 'pulse' source", "none", rectx->pulse_rate, &rectx->pulse_rate, NULL));
594   rectx->T_cold *= 1.16e7; /* convert to Kelvin */
595   PetscCall(PetscOptionsReal("-ex2_ion_potential", "Potential to ionize impurity (should be array) in ev", "none", rectx->ion_potential, &rectx->ion_potential, NULL));
596   PetscCall(PetscOptionsReal("-ex2_inductance", "Inductance E field", "none", rectx->L, &rectx->L, NULL));
597   PetscCall(PetscOptionsBool("-ex2_connor_e_field_units", "Scale Ex but Connor-Hastie E_c", "none", Connor_E, &Connor_E, NULL));
598   PetscCall(PetscInfo(dm_dummy, "Num electrons from ions=%g, T_cold=%10.3e, ion potential=%10.3e, E_z=%10.3e v_0=%10.3e\n", (double)rectx->Ne_ion, (double)rectx->T_cold, (double)rectx->ion_potential, (double)ctx->Ez, (double)ctx->v_0));
599   PetscOptionsEnd();
600   /* get impurity source rate function */
601   PetscCall(PetscFunctionListFind(plist, pname, &rectx->impuritySrcRate));
602   PetscCheck(rectx->impuritySrcRate, PETSC_COMM_WORLD, PETSC_ERR_ARG_WRONG, "No impurity source function found '%s'", pname);
603   PetscCall(PetscFunctionListFind(testlist, testname, &rectx->test));
604   PetscCheck(rectx->test, PETSC_COMM_WORLD, PETSC_ERR_ARG_WRONG, "No test found '%s'", testname);
605   PetscCall(PetscFunctionListFind(elist, ename, &rectx->E));
606   PetscCheck(rectx->E, PETSC_COMM_WORLD, PETSC_ERR_ARG_WRONG, "No E field function found '%s'", ename);
607   PetscCall(PetscFunctionListDestroy(&plist));
608   PetscCall(PetscFunctionListDestroy(&testlist));
609   PetscCall(PetscFunctionListDestroy(&elist));
610 
611   /* convert E from Connor-Hastie E_c units to real if doing Spitzer E */
612   if (Connor_E) {
613     PetscReal E = ctx->Ez, Tev = ctx->thermal_temps[0] * 8.621738e-5, n = ctx->n_0 * ctx->n[0];
614     CalculateE(Tev, n, ctx->lambdas[0][1], ctx->epsilon0, &E);
615     ((LandauCtx *)ctx)->Ez *= E;
616   }
617   PetscCall(DMDestroy(&dm_dummy));
618   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
619 }
620 
main(int argc,char ** argv)621 int main(int argc, char **argv)
622 {
623   DM            pack;
624   Vec           X;
625   PetscInt      dim = 2, nDMs;
626   TS            ts;
627   Mat           J;
628   PetscDS       prob;
629   LandauCtx    *ctx;
630   REctx        *rectx;
631   PetscMPIInt   rank;
632   PetscLogStage stage;
633 
634   PetscFunctionBeginUser;
635   PetscCall(PetscInitialize(&argc, &argv, NULL, help));
636   PetscCallMPI(MPI_Comm_rank(PETSC_COMM_WORLD, &rank));
637   if (rank) { /* turn off output stuff for duplicate runs */
638     PetscCall(PetscOptionsClearValue(NULL, "-ex2_dm_view"));
639     PetscCall(PetscOptionsClearValue(NULL, "-ex2_vec_view"));
640     PetscCall(PetscOptionsClearValue(NULL, "-ex2_vec_view_init"));
641     PetscCall(PetscOptionsClearValue(NULL, "-ex2_dm_view_init"));
642     PetscCall(PetscOptionsClearValue(NULL, "-info")); /* this does not work */
643   }
644   PetscCall(PetscOptionsGetInt(NULL, NULL, "-dim", &dim, NULL));
645   /* Create a mesh */
646   PetscCall(DMPlexLandauCreateVelocitySpace(PETSC_COMM_WORLD, dim, "", &X, &J, &pack));
647   PetscCall(DMCompositeGetNumberDM(pack, &nDMs));
648   PetscCall(PetscObjectSetName((PetscObject)J, "Jacobian"));
649   PetscCall(PetscObjectSetName((PetscObject)X, "f"));
650   PetscCall(DMGetApplicationContext(pack, &ctx));
651   PetscCall(DMSetUp(pack));
652   /* context */
653   PetscCall(PetscNew(&rectx));
654   ctx->data = rectx;
655   PetscCall(ProcessREOptions(rectx, ctx, pack, ""));
656   PetscCall(DMGetDS(pack, &prob));
657   if (rectx->grid_view_idx != -1) {
658     Vec *XsubArray = NULL;
659     PetscCall(PetscMalloc(sizeof(*XsubArray) * nDMs, &XsubArray));
660     PetscCall(DMCompositeGetAccessArray(pack, X, nDMs, NULL, XsubArray)); // read only
661     PetscCall(PetscObjectSetName((PetscObject)XsubArray[LAND_PACK_IDX(ctx->batch_view_idx, rectx->grid_view_idx)], rectx->grid_view_idx == 0 ? "ue" : "ui"));
662     PetscCall(DMSetOutputSequenceNumber(ctx->plex[rectx->grid_view_idx], 0, 0.0));
663     PetscCall(DMViewFromOptions(ctx->plex[rectx->grid_view_idx], NULL, "-ex2_dm_view"));
664     PetscCall(DMViewFromOptions(ctx->plex[rectx->grid_view_idx], NULL, "-ex2_dm_view_init"));
665     PetscCall(VecViewFromOptions(XsubArray[LAND_PACK_IDX(ctx->batch_view_idx, rectx->grid_view_idx)], NULL, "-ex2_vec_view"));      // initial condition (monitor plots after step)
666     PetscCall(VecViewFromOptions(XsubArray[LAND_PACK_IDX(ctx->batch_view_idx, rectx->grid_view_idx)], NULL, "-ex2_vec_view_init")); // initial condition (monitor plots after step)
667     PetscCall(DMCompositeRestoreAccessArray(pack, X, nDMs, NULL, XsubArray));                                                       // read only
668     PetscCall(PetscFree(XsubArray));
669   }
670   /* Create timestepping solver context */
671   PetscCall(TSCreate(PETSC_COMM_SELF, &ts));
672   PetscCall(TSSetDM(ts, pack));
673   PetscCall(TSSetIFunction(ts, NULL, DMPlexLandauIFunction, NULL));
674   PetscCall(TSSetIJacobian(ts, J, J, DMPlexLandauIJacobian, NULL));
675   PetscCall(TSSetRHSFunction(ts, NULL, FormSource, NULL));
676   PetscCall(TSSetFromOptions(ts));
677   PetscCall(TSSetSolution(ts, X));
678   PetscCall(TSSetApplicationContext(ts, ctx));
679   PetscCall(TSMonitorSet(ts, Monitor, ctx, NULL));
680   PetscCall(TSSetPreStep(ts, PreStep));
681   rectx->Ez_initial = ctx->Ez; /* cache for induction calculation - applied E field */
682   if (1) {                     /* warm up an test just DMPlexLandauIJacobian */
683     Vec       vec;
684     PetscInt  nsteps;
685     PetscReal dt;
686     PetscCall(PetscLogStageRegister("Warmup", &stage));
687     PetscCall(PetscLogStagePush(stage));
688     PetscCall(VecDuplicate(X, &vec));
689     PetscCall(VecCopy(X, vec));
690     PetscCall(TSGetMaxSteps(ts, &nsteps));
691     PetscCall(TSGetTimeStep(ts, &dt));
692     PetscCall(TSSetMaxSteps(ts, 1));
693     PetscCall(TSSolve(ts, X));
694     PetscCall(TSSetMaxSteps(ts, nsteps));
695     PetscCall(TSSetStepNumber(ts, 0));
696     PetscCall(TSSetTime(ts, 0));
697     PetscCall(TSSetTimeStep(ts, dt));
698     rectx->plotIdx  = 0;
699     rectx->plotting = PETSC_FALSE;
700     PetscCall(PetscLogStagePop());
701     PetscCall(VecCopy(vec, X));
702     PetscCall(VecDestroy(&vec));
703     PetscCall(PetscObjectStateIncrease((PetscObject)ctx->J));
704   }
705   /* go */
706   PetscCall(PetscLogStageRegister("Solve", &stage));
707   ctx->stage = 0; // lets not use this stage
708   PetscCall(PetscLogStagePush(stage));
709 #if defined(PETSC_HAVE_CUDA_NVTX)
710   nvtxRangePushA("ex2-TSSolve-warm");
711 #endif
712   PetscCall(TSSolve(ts, X));
713 #if defined(PETSC_HAVE_CUDA_NVTX)
714   nvtxRangePop();
715 #endif
716   PetscCall(PetscLogStagePop());
717   /* clean up */
718   PetscCall(DMPlexLandauDestroyVelocitySpace(&pack));
719   PetscCall(TSDestroy(&ts));
720   PetscCall(VecDestroy(&X));
721   PetscCall(PetscFree(rectx));
722   PetscCall(PetscFinalize());
723   return 0;
724 }
725 
726 /*TEST
727 
728   testset:
729     requires: p4est !complex double defined(PETSC_USE_DMLANDAU_2D)
730     output_file: output/ex2_0.out
731     args: -dm_landau_num_species_grid 1,1 -dm_landau_Ez 0 -petscspace_degree 3 -petscspace_poly_tensor 1 -dm_landau_type p4est -dm_landau_ion_masses 2 \
732     -dm_landau_ion_charges 1 -dm_landau_thermal_temps 5,5 -dm_landau_n 2,2 -dm_landau_n_0 5e19 -ts_monitor -snes_rtol 1.e-9 -snes_stol 1.e-14 -snes_monitor \
733     -snes_converged_reason -snes_max_it 10 -ts_type arkimex -ts_arkimex_type 1bee -ts_max_snes_failures unlimited -ts_rtol 1e-3 -ts_time_step 1.e-2 -ts_max_time 1 -ts_adapt_clip .5,1.25 -ts_max_steps 2 -ts_adapt_scale_solve_failed 0.75 -ts_adapt_time_step_increase_delay 5 -dm_landau_amr_levels_max 2,2 -dm_landau_amr_re_levels 2 -dm_landau_re_radius 0 -ex2_impurity_source_type pulse -ex2_pulse_start_time 1e-1 -ex2_pulse_width_time 10 -ex2_pulse_rate 1e-2 -ex2_t_cold .05 -ex2_plot_dt 1e-1 -dm_refine 0 -dm_landau_gpu_assembly true -dm_landau_batch_size 2 -dm_landau_verbose 2 -dm_landau_domain_radius 5.,5.
734     test:
735       suffix: cpu
736       args: -dm_landau_device_type cpu -ksp_type bicg -pc_type jacobi
737     test:
738       suffix: kokkos
739       requires: kokkos_kernels !defined(PETSC_HAVE_CUDA_CLANG)
740       args: -dm_landau_device_type kokkos -dm_mat_type aijkokkos -dm_vec_type kokkos -ksp_type bicg -pc_type jacobi
741     test:
742       suffix: kokkos_batch
743       requires: kokkos_kernels
744       args: -dm_landau_device_type kokkos -dm_mat_type aijkokkos -dm_vec_type kokkos -ksp_type preonly -pc_type bjkokkos -pc_bjkokkos_ksp_type bicg -pc_bjkokkos_pc_type jacobi
745     test:
746       suffix: kokkos_batch_tfqmr
747       requires: kokkos_kernels !defined(PETSC_HAVE_CUDA_CLANG)
748       args: -dm_landau_device_type kokkos -dm_mat_type aijkokkos -dm_vec_type kokkos -ksp_type preonly -pc_type bjkokkos -pc_bjkokkos_ksp_type tfqmr -pc_bjkokkos_pc_type jacobi
749 
750   test:
751     requires: !complex double defined(PETSC_USE_DMLANDAU_2D) !cuda
752     suffix: single
753     nsize: 1
754     args: -dm_refine 2 -dm_landau_num_species_grid 1 -dm_landau_thermal_temps 1 -dm_landau_electron_shift 1.25 -petscspace_degree 3 -snes_converged_reason -ts_type beuler -ts_time_step .1\
755      -ex2_plot_dt .1 -ts_max_steps 1 -ex2_grid_view_idx 0 -ex2_dm_view -snes_rtol 1.e-13 -snes_stol 1.e-13 -dm_landau_verbose 2 -ex2_print_period 1 -ksp_type preonly -pc_type lu -dm_landau_device_type cpu -dm_landau_use_relativistic_corrections
756 
757   testset:
758     requires: !complex double defined(PETSC_USE_DMLANDAU_2D)
759     nsize: 1
760     output_file: output/ex2_simplex.out
761     args: -dim 2 -dm_landau_num_species_grid 1,1 -petscspace_degree 2 -dm_landau_simplex -dm_landau_ion_masses 2 -dm_landau_ion_charges 1 -dm_landau_thermal_temps 2,1 -dm_landau_n 1,1 -snes_rtol 1e-15\
762      -snes_stol 1e-15 -snes_monitor -ts_type beuler -snes_converged_reason -ts_exact_final_time stepover -ts_time_step .1 -ts_max_steps 1 -ts_max_snes_failures unlimited -ksp_type preonly\
763       -pc_type lu -dm_landau_verbose 2 -ex2_grid_view_idx 0 -ex2_dm_view -dm_refine 1 -ksp_type bicg -pc_type jacobi
764     test:
765       suffix: simplex
766       args: -dm_landau_device_type cpu
767     test:
768       suffix: simplexkokkos
769       requires: kokkos_kernels !defined(PETSC_HAVE_CUDA_CLANG) !sycl
770       args: -dm_landau_device_type kokkos -dm_mat_type aijkokkos -dm_vec_type kokkos
771 
772   test:
773     requires: double !defined(PETSC_USE_DMLANDAU_2D)
774     suffix: sphere_3d
775     nsize: 1
776     args: -dim 3 -dm_landau_thermal_temps 2 -ts_type beuler -ts_time_step .1 -ts_max_steps 1 -dm_landau_verbose 2 -ksp_type preonly -pc_type lu -dm_landau_device_type cpu -snes_rtol 1.e-14 -snes_stol 1.e-14 -snes_converged_reason \
777      -dm_landau_sphere -ex2_grid_view_idx 0 -ex2_dm_view -dm_landau_domain_radius 6 -dm_landau_sphere_inner_radius_90degree_scale .35 -petscspace_degree 3 -dm_refine 0 # -ex2_dm_view hdf5:my.hdf5:hdf5_viz -ex2_vec_view hdf5:my.hdf5:hdf5_viz:append
778 
779 TEST*/
780