xref: /libCEED/backends/blocked/ceed-blocked-operator.c (revision bef6543fdd46db23de9cc545e1f4ad88e3fc2e5d)
1 // Copyright (c) 2017-2024, Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC and other CEED contributors.
2 // All Rights Reserved. See the top-level LICENSE and NOTICE files for details.
3 //
4 // SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
5 //
6 // This file is part of CEED:  http://github.com/ceed
7 
8 #include <ceed.h>
9 #include <ceed/backend.h>
10 #include <stdbool.h>
11 #include <stddef.h>
12 #include <stdint.h>
13 
14 #include "ceed-blocked.h"
15 
16 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
17 // Setup Input/Output Fields
18 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
19 static int CeedOperatorSetupFields_Blocked(CeedQFunction qf, CeedOperator op, bool is_input, bool *skip_rstr, CeedInt *e_data_out_indices,
20                                            bool *apply_add_basis, const CeedInt block_size, CeedElemRestriction *block_rstr, CeedVector *e_vecs_full,
21                                            CeedVector *e_vecs, CeedVector *q_vecs, CeedInt start_e, CeedInt num_fields, CeedInt Q) {
22   Ceed                ceed;
23   CeedSize            e_size, q_size;
24   CeedInt             num_comp, size, P;
25   CeedQFunctionField *qf_fields;
26   CeedOperatorField  *op_fields;
27 
28   {
29     Ceed ceed_parent;
30 
31     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
32     CeedCallBackend(CeedGetParent(ceed, &ceed_parent));
33     CeedCallBackend(CeedReferenceCopy(ceed_parent, &ceed));
34     CeedCallBackend(CeedDestroy(&ceed_parent));
35   }
36   if (is_input) {
37     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, NULL, &op_fields, NULL, NULL));
38     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_fields, NULL, NULL));
39   } else {
40     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, NULL, NULL, NULL, &op_fields));
41     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, NULL, NULL, &qf_fields));
42   }
43 
44   // Loop over fields
45   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_fields; i++) {
46     CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
47     CeedBasis    basis;
48 
49     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_fields[i], &eval_mode));
50     if (eval_mode != CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) {
51       Ceed                ceed_rstr;
52       CeedSize            l_size;
53       CeedInt             num_elem, elem_size, comp_stride;
54       CeedRestrictionType rstr_type;
55       CeedElemRestriction rstr;
56 
57       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_fields[i], &rstr));
58       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetCeed(rstr, &ceed_rstr));
59       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumElements(rstr, &num_elem));
60       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(rstr, &elem_size));
61       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetLVectorSize(rstr, &l_size));
62       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumComponents(rstr, &num_comp));
63       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetCompStride(rstr, &comp_stride));
64 
65       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetType(rstr, &rstr_type));
66       switch (rstr_type) {
67         case CEED_RESTRICTION_STANDARD: {
68           const CeedInt *offsets = NULL;
69 
70           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetOffsets(rstr, CEED_MEM_HOST, &offsets));
71           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionCreateBlocked(ceed_rstr, num_elem, elem_size, block_size, num_comp, comp_stride, l_size, CEED_MEM_HOST,
72                                                            CEED_COPY_VALUES, offsets, &block_rstr[i + start_e]));
73           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionRestoreOffsets(rstr, &offsets));
74         } break;
75         case CEED_RESTRICTION_ORIENTED: {
76           const bool    *orients = NULL;
77           const CeedInt *offsets = NULL;
78 
79           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetOffsets(rstr, CEED_MEM_HOST, &offsets));
80           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetOrientations(rstr, CEED_MEM_HOST, &orients));
81           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionCreateBlockedOriented(ceed_rstr, num_elem, elem_size, block_size, num_comp, comp_stride, l_size,
82                                                                    CEED_MEM_HOST, CEED_COPY_VALUES, offsets, orients, &block_rstr[i + start_e]));
83           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionRestoreOffsets(rstr, &offsets));
84           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionRestoreOrientations(rstr, &orients));
85         } break;
86         case CEED_RESTRICTION_CURL_ORIENTED: {
87           const CeedInt8 *curl_orients = NULL;
88           const CeedInt  *offsets      = NULL;
89 
90           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetOffsets(rstr, CEED_MEM_HOST, &offsets));
91           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetCurlOrientations(rstr, CEED_MEM_HOST, &curl_orients));
92           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionCreateBlockedCurlOriented(ceed_rstr, num_elem, elem_size, block_size, num_comp, comp_stride, l_size,
93                                                                        CEED_MEM_HOST, CEED_COPY_VALUES, offsets, curl_orients,
94                                                                        &block_rstr[i + start_e]));
95           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionRestoreOffsets(rstr, &offsets));
96           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionRestoreCurlOrientations(rstr, &curl_orients));
97         } break;
98         case CEED_RESTRICTION_STRIDED: {
99           CeedInt strides[3];
100 
101           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetStrides(rstr, strides));
102           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionCreateBlockedStrided(ceed_rstr, num_elem, elem_size, block_size, num_comp, l_size, strides,
103                                                                   &block_rstr[i + start_e]));
104         } break;
105         case CEED_RESTRICTION_POINTS:
106           // Empty case - won't occur
107           break;
108       }
109       CeedCallBackend(CeedDestroy(&ceed_rstr));
110       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr));
111       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionCreateVector(block_rstr[i + start_e], NULL, &e_vecs_full[i + start_e]));
112     }
113 
114     switch (eval_mode) {
115       case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
116         CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetSize(qf_fields[i], &size));
117         q_size = (CeedSize)Q * size * block_size;
118         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorCreate(ceed, q_size, &q_vecs[i]));
119         break;
120       case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
121       case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
122       case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
123       case CEED_EVAL_CURL:
124         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_fields[i], &basis));
125         CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetSize(qf_fields[i], &size));
126         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumNodes(basis, &P));
127         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumComponents(basis, &num_comp));
128         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis));
129         e_size = (CeedSize)P * num_comp * block_size;
130         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorCreate(ceed, e_size, &e_vecs[i]));
131         q_size = (CeedSize)Q * size * block_size;
132         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorCreate(ceed, q_size, &q_vecs[i]));
133         break;
134       case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT:  // Only on input fields
135         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_fields[i], &basis));
136         q_size = (CeedSize)Q * block_size;
137         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorCreate(ceed, q_size, &q_vecs[i]));
138         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisApply(basis, block_size, CEED_NOTRANSPOSE, CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT, CEED_VECTOR_NONE, q_vecs[i]));
139         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis));
140         break;
141     }
142   }
143   // Drop duplicate restrictions
144   if (is_input) {
145     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_fields; i++) {
146       CeedVector          vec_i;
147       CeedElemRestriction rstr_i;
148 
149       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_fields[i], &vec_i));
150       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_fields[i], &rstr_i));
151       for (CeedInt j = i + 1; j < num_fields; j++) {
152         CeedVector          vec_j;
153         CeedElemRestriction rstr_j;
154 
155         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_fields[j], &vec_j));
156         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_fields[j], &rstr_j));
157         if (vec_i == vec_j && rstr_i == rstr_j) {
158           CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorReferenceCopy(e_vecs[i], &e_vecs[j]));
159           CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorReferenceCopy(e_vecs_full[i + start_e], &e_vecs_full[j + start_e]));
160           skip_rstr[j] = true;
161         }
162         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec_j));
163         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_j));
164       }
165       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec_i));
166       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_i));
167     }
168   } else {
169     for (CeedInt i = num_fields - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
170       CeedVector          vec_i;
171       CeedElemRestriction rstr_i;
172 
173       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_fields[i], &vec_i));
174       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_fields[i], &rstr_i));
175       for (CeedInt j = i - 1; j >= 0; j--) {
176         CeedVector          vec_j;
177         CeedElemRestriction rstr_j;
178 
179         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_fields[j], &vec_j));
180         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_fields[j], &rstr_j));
181         if (vec_i == vec_j && rstr_i == rstr_j) {
182           CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorReferenceCopy(e_vecs[i], &e_vecs[j]));
183           CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorReferenceCopy(e_vecs_full[i + start_e], &e_vecs_full[j + start_e]));
184           skip_rstr[j]          = true;
185           apply_add_basis[i]    = true;
186           e_data_out_indices[j] = i;
187         }
188         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec_j));
189         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_j));
190       }
191       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec_i));
192       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_i));
193     }
194   }
195   CeedCallBackend(CeedDestroy(&ceed));
196   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
197 }
198 
199 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
200 // Setup Operator
201 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
202 static int CeedOperatorSetup_Blocked(CeedOperator op) {
203   bool                  is_setup_done;
204   CeedInt               Q, num_input_fields, num_output_fields;
205   const CeedInt         block_size = 8;
206   CeedQFunctionField   *qf_input_fields, *qf_output_fields;
207   CeedQFunction         qf;
208   CeedOperatorField    *op_input_fields, *op_output_fields;
209   CeedOperator_Blocked *impl;
210 
211   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorIsSetupDone(op, &is_setup_done));
212   if (is_setup_done) return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
213 
214   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
215   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
216   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumQuadraturePoints(op, &Q));
217   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionIsIdentity(qf, &impl->is_identity_qf));
218   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, &num_input_fields, &op_input_fields, &num_output_fields, &op_output_fields));
219   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_input_fields, NULL, &qf_output_fields));
220 
221   // Allocate
222   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_input_fields + num_output_fields, &impl->block_rstr));
223   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_input_fields + num_output_fields, &impl->e_vecs_full));
224 
225   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(CEED_FIELD_MAX, &impl->skip_rstr_in));
226   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(CEED_FIELD_MAX, &impl->skip_rstr_out));
227   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(CEED_FIELD_MAX, &impl->e_data_out_indices));
228   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(CEED_FIELD_MAX, &impl->apply_add_basis_out));
229   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(CEED_FIELD_MAX, &impl->input_states));
230   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(CEED_FIELD_MAX, &impl->e_vecs_in));
231   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(CEED_FIELD_MAX, &impl->e_vecs_out));
232   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(CEED_FIELD_MAX, &impl->q_vecs_in));
233   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(CEED_FIELD_MAX, &impl->q_vecs_out));
234 
235   impl->num_inputs  = num_input_fields;
236   impl->num_outputs = num_output_fields;
237 
238   // Set up infield and outfield pointer arrays
239   // Infields
240   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetupFields_Blocked(qf, op, true, impl->skip_rstr_in, NULL, NULL, block_size, impl->block_rstr, impl->e_vecs_full,
241                                                   impl->e_vecs_in, impl->q_vecs_in, 0, num_input_fields, Q));
242   // Outfields
243   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetupFields_Blocked(qf, op, false, impl->skip_rstr_out, impl->e_data_out_indices, impl->apply_add_basis_out, block_size,
244                                                   impl->block_rstr, impl->e_vecs_full, impl->e_vecs_out, impl->q_vecs_out, num_input_fields,
245                                                   num_output_fields, Q));
246 
247   // Identity QFunctions
248   if (impl->is_identity_qf) {
249     CeedEvalMode        in_mode, out_mode;
250     CeedQFunctionField *in_fields, *out_fields;
251 
252     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &in_fields, NULL, &out_fields));
253     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(in_fields[0], &in_mode));
254     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(out_fields[0], &out_mode));
255 
256     if (in_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE && out_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE) {
257       impl->is_identity_rstr_op = true;
258     } else {
259       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorReferenceCopy(impl->q_vecs_in[0], &impl->q_vecs_out[0]));
260     }
261   }
262 
263   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetSetupDone(op));
264   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionDestroy(&qf));
265   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
266 }
267 
268 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
269 // Setup Operator Inputs
270 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
271 static inline int CeedOperatorSetupInputs_Blocked(CeedInt num_input_fields, CeedQFunctionField *qf_input_fields, CeedOperatorField *op_input_fields,
272                                                   CeedVector in_vec, bool skip_active, CeedScalar *e_data_full[2 * CEED_FIELD_MAX],
273                                                   CeedOperator_Blocked *impl, CeedRequest *request) {
274   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
275     bool         is_active;
276     uint64_t     state;
277     CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
278     CeedVector   vec;
279 
280     // Get input vector
281     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_fields[i], &vec));
282     is_active = vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE;
283     if (is_active) {
284       if (skip_active) continue;
285       else vec = in_vec;
286     }
287 
288     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_input_fields[i], &eval_mode));
289     if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) {  // Skip
290     } else {
291       // Restrict
292       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetState(vec, &state));
293       if ((state != impl->input_states[i] || vec == in_vec) && !impl->skip_rstr_in[i]) {
294         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionApply(impl->block_rstr[i], CEED_NOTRANSPOSE, vec, impl->e_vecs_full[i], request));
295       }
296       impl->input_states[i] = state;
297       // Get evec
298       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayRead(impl->e_vecs_full[i], CEED_MEM_HOST, (const CeedScalar **)&e_data_full[i]));
299     }
300     if (!is_active) CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec));
301   }
302   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
303 }
304 
305 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
306 // Input Basis Action
307 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
308 static inline int CeedOperatorInputBasis_Blocked(CeedInt e, CeedInt Q, CeedQFunctionField *qf_input_fields, CeedOperatorField *op_input_fields,
309                                                  CeedInt num_input_fields, CeedInt block_size, bool skip_active,
310                                                  CeedScalar *e_data_full[2 * CEED_FIELD_MAX], CeedOperator_Blocked *impl) {
311   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
312     CeedInt             elem_size, size, num_comp;
313     CeedEvalMode        eval_mode;
314     CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
315     CeedBasis           basis;
316 
317     // Skip active input
318     if (skip_active) {
319       bool       is_active;
320       CeedVector vec;
321 
322       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_fields[i], &vec));
323       is_active = vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE;
324       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec));
325       if (is_active) continue;
326     }
327 
328     // Get elem_size, eval_mode, size
329     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_input_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
330     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(elem_rstr, &elem_size));
331     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&elem_rstr));
332     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_input_fields[i], &eval_mode));
333     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetSize(qf_input_fields[i], &size));
334     // Basis action
335     switch (eval_mode) {
336       case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
337         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetArray(impl->q_vecs_in[i], CEED_MEM_HOST, CEED_USE_POINTER, &e_data_full[i][(CeedSize)e * Q * size]));
338         break;
339       case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
340       case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
341       case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
342       case CEED_EVAL_CURL:
343         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_input_fields[i], &basis));
344         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumComponents(basis, &num_comp));
345         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetArray(impl->e_vecs_in[i], CEED_MEM_HOST, CEED_USE_POINTER, &e_data_full[i][(CeedSize)e * elem_size * num_comp]));
346         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisApply(basis, block_size, CEED_NOTRANSPOSE, eval_mode, impl->e_vecs_in[i], impl->q_vecs_in[i]));
347         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis));
348         break;
349       case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT:
350         break;  // No action
351     }
352   }
353   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
354 }
355 
356 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
357 // Output Basis Action
358 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
359 static inline int CeedOperatorOutputBasis_Blocked(CeedInt e, CeedInt Q, CeedQFunctionField *qf_output_fields, CeedOperatorField *op_output_fields,
360                                                   CeedInt block_size, CeedInt num_input_fields, CeedInt num_output_fields, bool *apply_add_basis,
361                                                   CeedOperator op, CeedScalar *e_data_full[2 * CEED_FIELD_MAX], CeedOperator_Blocked *impl) {
362   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
363     CeedInt             elem_size, num_comp;
364     CeedEvalMode        eval_mode;
365     CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
366     CeedBasis           basis;
367 
368     // Get elem_size, eval_mode, size
369     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_output_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
370     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(elem_rstr, &elem_size));
371     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&elem_rstr));
372     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
373     // Basis action
374     switch (eval_mode) {
375       case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
376         break;  // No action
377       case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
378       case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
379       case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
380       case CEED_EVAL_CURL:
381         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_output_fields[i], &basis));
382         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumComponents(basis, &num_comp));
383         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetArray(impl->e_vecs_out[i], CEED_MEM_HOST, CEED_USE_POINTER,
384                                            &e_data_full[i + num_input_fields][(CeedSize)e * elem_size * num_comp]));
385         if (apply_add_basis[i]) {
386           CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisApplyAdd(basis, block_size, CEED_TRANSPOSE, eval_mode, impl->q_vecs_out[i], impl->e_vecs_out[i]));
387         } else {
388           CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisApply(basis, block_size, CEED_TRANSPOSE, eval_mode, impl->q_vecs_out[i], impl->e_vecs_out[i]));
389         }
390         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis));
391         break;
392       // LCOV_EXCL_START
393       case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT: {
394         return CeedError(CeedOperatorReturnCeed(op), CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT cannot be an output evaluation mode");
395         // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
396       }
397     }
398   }
399   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
400 }
401 
402 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
403 // Restore Input Vectors
404 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
405 static inline int CeedOperatorRestoreInputs_Blocked(CeedInt num_input_fields, CeedQFunctionField *qf_input_fields, CeedOperatorField *op_input_fields,
406                                                     bool skip_active, CeedScalar *e_data_full[2 * CEED_FIELD_MAX], CeedOperator_Blocked *impl) {
407   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
408     CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
409 
410     // Skip active inputs
411     if (skip_active) {
412       bool       is_active;
413       CeedVector vec;
414 
415       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_fields[i], &vec));
416       is_active = vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE;
417       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec));
418       if (is_active) continue;
419     }
420     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_input_fields[i], &eval_mode));
421     if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) {  // Skip
422     } else {
423       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArrayRead(impl->e_vecs_full[i], (const CeedScalar **)&e_data_full[i]));
424     }
425   }
426   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
427 }
428 
429 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
430 // Operator Apply
431 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
432 static int CeedOperatorApplyAdd_Blocked(CeedOperator op, CeedVector in_vec, CeedVector out_vec, CeedRequest *request) {
433   CeedInt               Q, num_input_fields, num_output_fields, num_elem, size;
434   const CeedInt         block_size = 8;
435   CeedEvalMode          eval_mode;
436   CeedScalar           *e_data_full[2 * CEED_FIELD_MAX] = {0};
437   CeedQFunctionField   *qf_input_fields, *qf_output_fields;
438   CeedQFunction         qf;
439   CeedOperatorField    *op_input_fields, *op_output_fields;
440   CeedOperator_Blocked *impl;
441 
442   // Setup
443   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetup_Blocked(op));
444 
445   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
446 
447   // Restriction only operator
448   if (impl->is_identity_rstr_op) {
449     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionApply(impl->block_rstr[0], CEED_NOTRANSPOSE, in_vec, impl->e_vecs_full[0], request));
450     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionApply(impl->block_rstr[1], CEED_TRANSPOSE, impl->e_vecs_full[0], out_vec, request));
451     return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
452   }
453   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumElements(op, &num_elem));
454   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumQuadraturePoints(op, &Q));
455   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
456   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, &num_input_fields, &op_input_fields, &num_output_fields, &op_output_fields));
457   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_input_fields, NULL, &qf_output_fields));
458   const CeedInt num_blocks = (num_elem / block_size) + !!(num_elem % block_size);
459 
460   // Input Evecs and Restriction
461   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetupInputs_Blocked(num_input_fields, qf_input_fields, op_input_fields, in_vec, false, e_data_full, impl, request));
462 
463   // Output Evecs
464   for (CeedInt i = num_output_fields - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
465     if (impl->skip_rstr_out[i]) {
466       e_data_full[i + num_input_fields] = e_data_full[impl->e_data_out_indices[i] + num_input_fields];
467     } else {
468       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayWrite(impl->e_vecs_full[i + impl->num_inputs], CEED_MEM_HOST, &e_data_full[i + num_input_fields]));
469     }
470   }
471 
472   // Loop through elements
473   for (CeedInt e = 0; e < num_blocks * block_size; e += block_size) {
474     // Output pointers
475     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
476       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
477       if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE) {
478         CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetSize(qf_output_fields[i], &size));
479         CeedCallBackend(
480             CeedVectorSetArray(impl->q_vecs_out[i], CEED_MEM_HOST, CEED_USE_POINTER, &e_data_full[i + num_input_fields][(CeedSize)e * Q * size]));
481       }
482     }
483 
484     // Input basis apply
485     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorInputBasis_Blocked(e, Q, qf_input_fields, op_input_fields, num_input_fields, block_size, false, e_data_full, impl));
486 
487     // Q function
488     if (!impl->is_identity_qf) {
489       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionApply(qf, Q * block_size, impl->q_vecs_in, impl->q_vecs_out));
490     }
491 
492     // Output basis apply
493     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorOutputBasis_Blocked(e, Q, qf_output_fields, op_output_fields, block_size, num_input_fields, num_output_fields,
494                                                     impl->apply_add_basis_out, op, e_data_full, impl));
495   }
496 
497   // Output restriction
498   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
499     bool       is_active;
500     CeedVector vec;
501 
502     if (impl->skip_rstr_out[i]) continue;
503     // Restore evec
504     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArray(impl->e_vecs_full[i + impl->num_inputs], &e_data_full[i + num_input_fields]));
505     // Get output vector
506     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_output_fields[i], &vec));
507     is_active = vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE;
508     // Active
509     if (is_active) vec = out_vec;
510     // Restrict
511     CeedCallBackend(
512         CeedElemRestrictionApply(impl->block_rstr[i + impl->num_inputs], CEED_TRANSPOSE, impl->e_vecs_full[i + impl->num_inputs], vec, request));
513     if (!is_active) CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec));
514   }
515 
516   // Restore input arrays
517   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorRestoreInputs_Blocked(num_input_fields, qf_input_fields, op_input_fields, false, e_data_full, impl));
518   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionDestroy(&qf));
519   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
520 }
521 
522 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
523 // Core code for assembling linear QFunction
524 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
525 static inline int CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionCore_Blocked(CeedOperator op, bool build_objects, CeedVector *assembled,
526                                                                   CeedElemRestriction *rstr, CeedRequest *request) {
527   Ceed                  ceed;
528   CeedInt               qf_size_in, qf_size_out, Q, num_input_fields, num_output_fields, num_elem;
529   const CeedInt         block_size = 8;
530   CeedScalar           *l_vec_array;
531   CeedScalar           *e_data_full[2 * CEED_FIELD_MAX] = {0};
532   CeedQFunctionField   *qf_input_fields, *qf_output_fields;
533   CeedQFunction         qf;
534   CeedOperatorField    *op_input_fields, *op_output_fields;
535   CeedOperator_Blocked *impl;
536 
537   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
538   qf_size_in                     = impl->qf_size_in;
539   qf_size_out                    = impl->qf_size_out;
540   CeedVector          l_vec      = impl->qf_l_vec;
541   CeedElemRestriction block_rstr = impl->qf_block_rstr;
542 
543   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumElements(op, &num_elem));
544   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumQuadraturePoints(op, &Q));
545   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
546   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, &num_input_fields, &op_input_fields, &num_output_fields, &op_output_fields));
547   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_input_fields, NULL, &qf_output_fields));
548   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
549   const CeedInt num_blocks = (num_elem / block_size) + !!(num_elem % block_size);
550 
551   // Setup
552   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetup_Blocked(op));
553 
554   // Check for restriction only operator
555   CeedCheck(!impl->is_identity_rstr_op, ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "Assembling restriction only operators is not supported");
556 
557   // Input Evecs and Restriction
558   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetupInputs_Blocked(num_input_fields, qf_input_fields, op_input_fields, NULL, true, e_data_full, impl, request));
559 
560   // Count number of active input fields
561   if (qf_size_in == 0) {
562     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
563       CeedInt    field_size;
564       CeedVector vec;
565 
566       // Check if active input
567       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_fields[i], &vec));
568       if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
569         CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetSize(qf_input_fields[i], &field_size));
570         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValue(impl->q_vecs_in[i], 0.0));
571         qf_size_in += field_size;
572       }
573       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec));
574     }
575     CeedCheck(qf_size_in > 0, ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "Cannot assemble QFunction without active inputs and outputs");
576     impl->qf_size_in = qf_size_in;
577   }
578 
579   // Count number of active output fields
580   if (qf_size_out == 0) {
581     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
582       CeedInt    field_size;
583       CeedVector vec;
584 
585       // Check if active output
586       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_output_fields[i], &vec));
587       if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
588         CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetSize(qf_output_fields[i], &field_size));
589         qf_size_out += field_size;
590       }
591       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec));
592     }
593     CeedCheck(qf_size_out > 0, ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "Cannot assemble QFunction without active inputs and outputs");
594     impl->qf_size_out = qf_size_out;
595   }
596 
597   // Setup Lvec
598   if (!l_vec) {
599     const CeedSize l_size = (CeedSize)num_blocks * block_size * Q * qf_size_in * qf_size_out;
600 
601     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorCreate(ceed, l_size, &l_vec));
602     impl->qf_l_vec = l_vec;
603   }
604   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayWrite(l_vec, CEED_MEM_HOST, &l_vec_array));
605 
606   // Setup block restriction
607   if (!block_rstr) {
608     const CeedInt strides[3] = {1, Q, qf_size_in * qf_size_out * Q};
609 
610     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionCreateBlockedStrided(ceed, num_elem, Q, block_size, qf_size_in * qf_size_out,
611                                                             qf_size_in * qf_size_out * num_elem * Q, strides, &block_rstr));
612     impl->qf_block_rstr = block_rstr;
613   }
614 
615   // Build objects if needed
616   if (build_objects) {
617     const CeedSize l_size     = (CeedSize)num_elem * Q * qf_size_in * qf_size_out;
618     const CeedInt  strides[3] = {1, Q, qf_size_in * qf_size_out * Q};
619 
620     // Create output restriction
621     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionCreateStrided(ceed, num_elem, Q, qf_size_in * qf_size_out,
622                                                      (CeedSize)qf_size_in * (CeedSize)qf_size_out * (CeedSize)num_elem * (CeedSize)Q, strides, rstr));
623     // Create assembled vector
624     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorCreate(ceed, l_size, assembled));
625   }
626 
627   // Loop through elements
628   for (CeedInt e = 0; e < num_blocks * block_size; e += block_size) {
629     // Input basis apply
630     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorInputBasis_Blocked(e, Q, qf_input_fields, op_input_fields, num_input_fields, block_size, true, e_data_full, impl));
631 
632     // Assemble QFunction
633     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
634       bool       is_active;
635       CeedInt    field_size;
636       CeedVector vec;
637 
638       // Check if active input
639       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_fields[i], &vec));
640       is_active = vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE;
641       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec));
642       if (!is_active) continue;
643       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetSize(qf_input_fields[i], &field_size));
644       for (CeedInt field = 0; field < field_size; field++) {
645         // Set current portion of input to 1.0
646         {
647           CeedScalar *array;
648 
649           CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArray(impl->q_vecs_in[i], CEED_MEM_HOST, &array));
650           for (CeedInt j = 0; j < Q * block_size; j++) array[field * Q * block_size + j] = 1.0;
651           CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArray(impl->q_vecs_in[i], &array));
652         }
653 
654         if (!impl->is_identity_qf) {
655           // Set Outputs
656           for (CeedInt out = 0; out < num_output_fields; out++) {
657             CeedInt    field_size;
658             CeedVector vec;
659 
660             // Get output vector
661             CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_output_fields[out], &vec));
662             // Check if active output
663             if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
664               CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetArray(impl->q_vecs_out[out], CEED_MEM_HOST, CEED_USE_POINTER, l_vec_array));
665               CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetSize(qf_output_fields[out], &field_size));
666               l_vec_array += field_size * Q * block_size;  // Advance the pointer by the size of the output
667             }
668             CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec));
669           }
670           // Apply QFunction
671           CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionApply(qf, Q * block_size, impl->q_vecs_in, impl->q_vecs_out));
672         } else {
673           CeedInt           field_size;
674           const CeedScalar *array;
675 
676           // Copy Identity Outputs
677           CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetSize(qf_output_fields[0], &field_size));
678           CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayRead(impl->q_vecs_out[0], CEED_MEM_HOST, &array));
679           for (CeedInt j = 0; j < field_size * Q * block_size; j++) l_vec_array[j] = array[j];
680           CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArrayRead(impl->q_vecs_out[0], &array));
681           l_vec_array += field_size * Q * block_size;
682         }
683         // Reset input to 0.0
684         {
685           CeedScalar *array;
686 
687           CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArray(impl->q_vecs_in[i], CEED_MEM_HOST, &array));
688           for (CeedInt j = 0; j < Q * block_size; j++) array[field * Q * block_size + j] = 0.0;
689           CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArray(impl->q_vecs_in[i], &array));
690         }
691       }
692     }
693   }
694 
695   // Un-set output Qvecs to prevent accidental overwrite of Assembled
696   if (!impl->is_identity_qf) {
697     for (CeedInt out = 0; out < num_output_fields; out++) {
698       CeedVector vec;
699 
700       // Check if active output
701       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_output_fields[out], &vec));
702       if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
703         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorTakeArray(impl->q_vecs_out[out], CEED_MEM_HOST, NULL));
704       }
705       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec));
706     }
707   }
708 
709   // Restore input arrays
710   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorRestoreInputs_Blocked(num_input_fields, qf_input_fields, op_input_fields, true, e_data_full, impl));
711 
712   // Output blocked restriction
713   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArray(l_vec, &l_vec_array));
714   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValue(*assembled, 0.0));
715   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionApply(block_rstr, CEED_TRANSPOSE, l_vec, *assembled, request));
716   CeedCallBackend(CeedDestroy(&ceed));
717   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionDestroy(&qf));
718   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
719 }
720 
721 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
722 // Assemble Linear QFunction
723 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
724 static int CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunction_Blocked(CeedOperator op, CeedVector *assembled, CeedElemRestriction *rstr, CeedRequest *request) {
725   return CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionCore_Blocked(op, true, assembled, rstr, request);
726 }
727 
728 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
729 // Update Assembled Linear QFunction
730 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
731 static int CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionUpdate_Blocked(CeedOperator op, CeedVector assembled, CeedElemRestriction rstr, CeedRequest *request) {
732   return CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionCore_Blocked(op, false, &assembled, &rstr, request);
733 }
734 
735 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
736 // Operator Destroy
737 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
738 static int CeedOperatorDestroy_Blocked(CeedOperator op) {
739   CeedOperator_Blocked *impl;
740 
741   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
742 
743   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->skip_rstr_in));
744   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->skip_rstr_out));
745   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->e_data_out_indices));
746   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->apply_add_basis_out));
747   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < impl->num_inputs + impl->num_outputs; i++) {
748     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&impl->block_rstr[i]));
749     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&impl->e_vecs_full[i]));
750   }
751   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->block_rstr));
752   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->e_vecs_full));
753   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->input_states));
754 
755   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < impl->num_inputs; i++) {
756     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&impl->e_vecs_in[i]));
757     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&impl->q_vecs_in[i]));
758   }
759   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->e_vecs_in));
760   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->q_vecs_in));
761 
762   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < impl->num_outputs; i++) {
763     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&impl->e_vecs_out[i]));
764     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&impl->q_vecs_out[i]));
765   }
766   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->e_vecs_out));
767   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->q_vecs_out));
768 
769   // QFunction assembly data
770   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&impl->qf_l_vec));
771   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&impl->qf_block_rstr));
772 
773   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl));
774   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
775 }
776 
777 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
778 // Operator Create
779 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
780 int CeedOperatorCreate_Blocked(CeedOperator op) {
781   Ceed                  ceed;
782   CeedOperator_Blocked *impl;
783 
784   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
785   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(1, &impl));
786   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetData(op, impl));
787   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "LinearAssembleQFunction", CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunction_Blocked));
788   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "LinearAssembleQFunctionUpdate", CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionUpdate_Blocked));
789   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "ApplyAdd", CeedOperatorApplyAdd_Blocked));
790   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "Destroy", CeedOperatorDestroy_Blocked));
791   CeedCallBackend(CeedDestroy(&ceed));
792   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
793 }
794 
795 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
796