xref: /libCEED/backends/cuda-gen/ceed-cuda-gen-operator-build.cpp (revision 22070f9510d4ff69aa6119a59aa3c46d57cc1cc7)
1 // Copyright (c) 2017-2022, Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC and other CEED contributors.
2 // All Rights Reserved. See the top-level LICENSE and NOTICE files for details.
3 //
4 // SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
5 //
6 // This file is part of CEED:  http://github.com/ceed
7 
8 #define CEED_DEBUG_COLOR 12
9 
10 #include <ceed.h>
11 #include <ceed/backend.h>
12 #include <ceed/jit-tools.h>
13 #include <cuda_runtime.h>
14 
15 #include <iostream>
16 #include <sstream>
17 #include <string>
18 
19 #include "../cuda-ref/ceed-cuda-ref.h"
20 #include "../cuda-shared/ceed-cuda-shared.h"
21 #include "../cuda/ceed-cuda-common.h"
22 #include "../cuda/ceed-cuda-compile.h"
23 #include "ceed-cuda-gen.h"
24 
25 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
26 // Build single operator kernel
27 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
28 extern "C" int CeedOperatorBuildKernel_Cuda_gen(CeedOperator op) {
29   using std::ostringstream;
30   using std::string;
31 
32   bool                      is_setup_done, is_identity_qf;
33   struct cudaDeviceProp     prop;
34   Ceed                      ceed;
35   Ceed_Cuda                *ceed_data;
36   CeedSize                  l_size;
37   CeedInt                   Q, P_1d = 0, Q_1d = 0, elem_size, num_input_fields, num_output_fields, num_comp, dim = 1;
38   CeedEvalMode              eval_mode;
39   CeedElemRestriction       elem_rstr;
40   CeedElemRestriction_Cuda *rstr_data;
41   CeedBasis                 basis;
42   CeedBasis_Cuda_shared    *basis_data;
43   CeedQFunctionField       *qf_input_fields, *qf_output_fields;
44   CeedQFunction_Cuda_gen   *qf_data;
45   CeedQFunction             qf;
46   CeedOperatorField        *op_input_fields, *op_output_fields;
47   CeedOperator_Cuda_gen    *data;
48 
49   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorIsSetupDone(op, &is_setup_done));
50   if (is_setup_done) return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
51 
52   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
53   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &data));
54   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
55   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetData(qf, &qf_data));
56   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumQuadraturePoints(op, &Q));
57   Q_1d = Q;
58   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, &num_input_fields, &op_input_fields, &num_output_fields, &op_output_fields));
59   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_input_fields, NULL, &qf_output_fields));
60 
61   // TODO: put in a function?
62   // Check for restriction only identity operator
63   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionIsIdentity(qf, &is_identity_qf));
64   if (is_identity_qf) {
65     CeedEvalMode eval_mode_in, eval_mode_out;
66 
67     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_input_fields[0], &eval_mode_in));
68     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[0], &eval_mode_out));
69     CeedCheck(eval_mode_in != CEED_EVAL_NONE || eval_mode_out != CEED_EVAL_NONE, ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND,
70               "Backend does not implement restriction only identity operators");
71   }
72 
73   ostringstream code;
74 
75   // TODO: put in a function?
76   // Add atomicAdd function for old NVidia architectures
77   CeedCallBackend(CeedGetData(ceed, &ceed_data));
78   CeedCallBackend(cudaGetDeviceProperties(&prop, ceed_data->device_id));
79   if ((prop.major < 6) && (CEED_SCALAR_TYPE != CEED_SCALAR_FP32)) {
80     char       *atomic_add_source;
81     const char *atomic_add_path;
82 
83     CeedCallBackend(CeedGetJitAbsolutePath(ceed, "ceed/jit-source/cuda/cuda-atomic-add-fallback.h", &atomic_add_path));
84     CeedDebug256(ceed, CEED_DEBUG_COLOR_SUCCESS, "----- Loading Atomic Add Source -----\n");
85     CeedCallBackend(CeedLoadSourceToBuffer(ceed, atomic_add_path, &atomic_add_source));
86     code << atomic_add_source;
87     CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&atomic_add_path));
88     CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&atomic_add_source));
89   }
90 
91   // Load basis source files
92   // TODO: generalize to accept different device functions?
93   {
94     char       *tensor_basis_kernel_source;
95     const char *tensor_basis_kernel_path;
96 
97     CeedCallBackend(CeedGetJitAbsolutePath(ceed, "ceed/jit-source/cuda/cuda-shared-basis-tensor-templates.h", &tensor_basis_kernel_path));
98     CeedDebug256(ceed, CEED_DEBUG_COLOR_SUCCESS, "----- Loading Tensor Basis Kernel Source -----\n");
99     CeedCallBackend(CeedLoadSourceToBuffer(ceed, tensor_basis_kernel_path, &tensor_basis_kernel_source));
100     code << tensor_basis_kernel_source;
101     CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&tensor_basis_kernel_path));
102     CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&tensor_basis_kernel_source));
103   }
104   {
105     char       *cuda_gen_template_source;
106     const char *cuda_gen_template_path;
107 
108     CeedCallBackend(CeedGetJitAbsolutePath(ceed, "ceed/jit-source/cuda/cuda-gen-templates.h", &cuda_gen_template_path));
109     CeedDebug256(ceed, CEED_DEBUG_COLOR_SUCCESS, "----- Loading Cuda-Gen Template Source -----\n");
110     CeedCallBackend(CeedLoadSourceToBuffer(ceed, cuda_gen_template_path, &cuda_gen_template_source));
111     code << cuda_gen_template_source;
112     CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&cuda_gen_template_path));
113     CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&cuda_gen_template_source));
114   }
115 
116   // Get QFunction source and name
117   string qfunction_source(qf_data->qfunction_source);
118   string qfunction_name(qf_data->qfunction_name);
119   string operator_name;
120   operator_name = "CeedKernelCudaGenOperator_" + qfunction_name;
121 
122   // Find dim, P_1d, Q_1d
123   data->max_P_1d = 0;
124   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
125     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_input_fields[i], &basis));
126     if (basis != CEED_BASIS_NONE) {
127       bool is_tensor;
128 
129       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetData(basis, &basis_data));
130       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_input_fields[i], &eval_mode));
131 
132       // Collect dim, P_1d, and Q_1d
133       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetDimension(basis, &dim));
134       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisIsTensor(basis, &is_tensor));
135       CeedCheck(is_tensor, ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "Backend does not implement operators with non-tensor basis");
136       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadraturePoints1D(basis, &Q_1d));
137       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumNodes1D(basis, &P_1d));
138       data->max_P_1d = CeedIntMax(data->max_P_1d, P_1d);
139     }
140   }
141   // Check output bases for Q_1d, dim as well
142   //   The only input basis might be CEED_BASIS_NONE
143   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
144     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_output_fields[i], &basis));
145     if (basis != CEED_BASIS_NONE) {
146       bool is_tensor;
147 
148       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetData(basis, &basis_data));
149       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
150 
151       // Collect Q_1d
152       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetDimension(basis, &dim));
153       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisIsTensor(basis, &is_tensor));
154       CeedCheck(is_tensor, ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "Backend does not implement operators with non-tensor basis");
155       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadraturePoints1D(basis, &Q_1d));
156     }
157   }
158   data->dim  = dim;
159   data->Q_1d = Q_1d;
160 
161   // Only use 3D collocated gradient parallelization strategy when gradient is computed
162   // TODO: put in a function?
163   bool use_collograd_parallelization = false;
164 
165   if (dim == 3) {
166     bool was_grad_found = false;
167 
168     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
169       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_input_fields[i], &eval_mode));
170       if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_GRAD) {
171         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_input_fields[i], &basis));
172         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetData(basis, &basis_data));
173         use_collograd_parallelization = basis_data->d_collo_grad_1d && (was_grad_found ? use_collograd_parallelization : true);
174         was_grad_found                = true;
175       }
176     }
177     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
178       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
179       if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_GRAD) {
180         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_output_fields[i], &basis));
181         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetData(basis, &basis_data));
182         use_collograd_parallelization = basis_data->d_collo_grad_1d && (was_grad_found ? use_collograd_parallelization : true);
183         was_grad_found                = true;
184       }
185     }
186   }
187 
188   // Define CEED_Q_VLA
189   code << "\n#undef CEED_Q_VLA\n";
190   if (dim != 3 || use_collograd_parallelization) {
191     code << "#define CEED_Q_VLA 1\n\n";
192   } else {
193     code << "#define CEED_Q_VLA " << Q_1d << "\n\n";
194   }
195 
196   code << qfunction_source;
197 
198   // Setup
199   code << "\n// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n";
200   code << "\nextern \"C\" __global__ void " << operator_name
201        << "(CeedInt num_elem, void* ctx, FieldsInt_Cuda indices, Fields_Cuda fields, Fields_Cuda B, Fields_Cuda G, CeedScalar* W) {\n";
202   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
203     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_input_fields[i], &eval_mode));
204     if (eval_mode != CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) {  // Skip CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT
205       code << "  const CeedScalar* d_u_" << i << " = fields.inputs[" << i << "];\n";
206     }
207   }
208 
209   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
210     code << "  CeedScalar* d_v_" << i << " = fields.outputs[" << i << "];\n";
211   }
212 
213   code << "  const CeedInt dim = " << dim << ";\n";
214   code << "  const CeedInt Q_1d = " << Q_1d << ";\n";
215 
216   code << "  extern __shared__ CeedScalar slice[];\n";
217   // TODO put in a function? InitSharedData_Cuda?
218   code << "  SharedData_Cuda data;\n";
219   code << "  data.t_id_x = threadIdx.x;\n";
220   code << "  data.t_id_y = threadIdx.y;\n";
221   code << "  data.t_id_z = threadIdx.z;\n";
222   code << "  data.t_id  = threadIdx.x + threadIdx.y*blockDim.x + threadIdx.z*blockDim.y*blockDim.x;\n";
223   code << "  data.slice = slice+data.t_id_z*T_1D" << (dim > 1 ? "*T_1D" : "") << ";\n";
224 
225   code << "\n  // -- Input field constants and basis data --\n";
226   // TODO: Put in a function?
227   // Initialize constants, and matrices B and G
228   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
229     code << "  // ---- Input field " << i << " ----\n";
230     // Get elem_size, eval_mode, num_comp
231     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_input_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
232     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(elem_rstr, &elem_size));
233     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_input_fields[i], &eval_mode));
234     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumComponents(elem_rstr, &num_comp));
235 
236     // Set field constants
237     if (eval_mode != CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) {
238       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_input_fields[i], &basis));
239       if (basis != CEED_BASIS_NONE) {
240         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumNodes1D(basis, &P_1d));
241         code << "  const CeedInt P_in_" << i << " = " << P_1d << ";\n";
242       } else {
243         code << "  const CeedInt P_in_" << i << " = " << Q_1d << ";\n";
244       }
245       code << "  const CeedInt num_comp_in_" << i << " = " << num_comp << ";\n";
246     }
247 
248     // Load basis data
249     code << "  // EvalMode: " << CeedEvalModes[eval_mode] << "\n";
250     switch (eval_mode) {
251       case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
252         break;
253       case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
254         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetData(basis, &basis_data));
255         data->B.inputs[i] = basis_data->d_interp_1d;
256         code << "  __shared__ CeedScalar s_B_in_" << i << "[" << P_1d * Q_1d << "];\n";
257         code << "  loadMatrix<P_in_" << i << ",Q_1d>(data, B.inputs[" << i << "], s_B_in_" << i << ");\n";
258         break;
259       case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
260         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetData(basis, &basis_data));
261         data->B.inputs[i] = basis_data->d_interp_1d;
262         code << "  __shared__ CeedScalar s_B_in_" << i << "[" << P_1d * Q_1d << "];\n";
263         code << "  loadMatrix<P_in_" << i << ",Q_1d>(data, B.inputs[" << i << "], s_B_in_" << i << ");\n";
264         if (use_collograd_parallelization) {
265           data->G.inputs[i] = basis_data->d_collo_grad_1d;
266           code << "  __shared__ CeedScalar s_G_in_" << i << "[" << Q_1d * Q_1d << "];\n";
267           code << "  loadMatrix<Q_1d,Q_1d>(data, G.inputs[" << i << "], s_G_in_" << i << ");\n";
268         } else {
269           bool has_collo_grad = basis_data->d_collo_grad_1d;
270           data->G.inputs[i]   = has_collo_grad ? basis_data->d_collo_grad_1d : basis_data->d_grad_1d;
271           code << "  __shared__ CeedScalar s_G_in_" << i << "[" << Q_1d * (has_collo_grad ? Q_1d : P_1d) << "];\n";
272           code << "  loadMatrix<" << (has_collo_grad ? "Q_1d" : ("P_in_" + std::to_string(i))) << ",Q_1d>(data, G.inputs[" << i << "], s_G_in_" << i
273                << ");\n";
274         }
275         break;
276       case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT:
277         break;  // No action
278       case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
279         break;  // TODO: Not implemented
280       case CEED_EVAL_CURL:
281         break;  // TODO: Not implemented
282     }
283   }
284 
285   code << "\n  // -- Output field constants and basis data --\n";
286   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
287     code << "  // ---- Output field " << i << " ----\n";
288     // Get elem_size, eval_mode, num_comp
289     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_output_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
290     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(elem_rstr, &elem_size));
291     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
292     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumComponents(elem_rstr, &num_comp));
293 
294     // Set field constants
295     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_output_fields[i], &basis));
296     if (basis != CEED_BASIS_NONE) {
297       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumNodes1D(basis, &P_1d));
298       code << "  const CeedInt P_out_" << i << " = " << P_1d << ";\n";
299     } else {
300       code << "  const CeedInt P_out_" << i << " = " << Q_1d << ";\n";
301     }
302     code << "  const CeedInt num_comp_out_" << i << " = " << num_comp << ";\n";
303 
304     // Load basis data
305     code << "  // EvalMode: " << CeedEvalModes[eval_mode] << "\n";
306     switch (eval_mode) {
307       case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
308         break;  // No action
309       case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
310         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetData(basis, &basis_data));
311         data->B.outputs[i] = basis_data->d_interp_1d;
312         code << "  __shared__ CeedScalar s_B_out_" << i << "[" << P_1d * Q_1d << "];\n";
313         code << "  loadMatrix<P_out_" << i << ",Q_1d>(data, B.outputs[" << i << "], s_B_out_" << i << ");\n";
314         break;
315       case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
316         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetData(basis, &basis_data));
317         data->B.outputs[i] = basis_data->d_interp_1d;
318         code << "  __shared__ CeedScalar s_B_out_" << i << "[" << P_1d * Q_1d << "];\n";
319         code << "  loadMatrix<P_out_" << i << ",Q_1d>(data, B.outputs[" << i << "], s_B_out_" << i << ");\n";
320         if (use_collograd_parallelization) {
321           data->G.outputs[i] = basis_data->d_collo_grad_1d;
322           code << "  __shared__ CeedScalar s_G_out_" << i << "[" << Q_1d * Q_1d << "];\n";
323           code << "  loadMatrix<Q_1d,Q_1d>(data, G.outputs[" << i << "], s_G_out_" << i << ");\n";
324         } else {
325           bool has_collo_grad = basis_data->d_collo_grad_1d;
326           data->G.outputs[i]  = has_collo_grad ? basis_data->d_collo_grad_1d : basis_data->d_grad_1d;
327           code << "  __shared__ CeedScalar s_G_out_" << i << "[" << Q_1d * (has_collo_grad ? Q_1d : P_1d) << "];\n";
328           code << "  loadMatrix<" << (has_collo_grad ? "Q_1d" : ("P_out_" + std::to_string(i))) << ",Q_1d>(data, G.outputs[" << i << "], s_G_out_"
329                << i << ");\n";
330         }
331         break;
332       // LCOV_EXCL_START
333       case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT: {
334         Ceed ceed;
335 
336         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
337         return CeedError(ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT cannot be an output evaluation mode");
338         break;  // Should not occur
339       }
340       case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
341       case CEED_EVAL_CURL: {
342         Ceed ceed;
343 
344         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
345         return CeedError(ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "%s not supported", CeedEvalModes[eval_mode]);
346         break;  // Should not occur
347       }
348         // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
349     }
350   }
351   code << "\n  // -- Element loop --\n";
352   code << "  __syncthreads();\n";
353   code << "  for (CeedInt elem = blockIdx.x*blockDim.z + threadIdx.z; elem < num_elem; elem += gridDim.x*blockDim.z) {\n";
354   // Input basis apply if needed
355   // Generate the correct eval mode code for each input
356   code << "    // -- Input field restrictions and basis actions --\n";
357   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
358     code << "    // ---- Input field " << i << " ----\n";
359     // Get elem_size, eval_mode, num_comp
360     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_input_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
361     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(elem_rstr, &elem_size));
362     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_input_fields[i], &eval_mode));
363     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumComponents(elem_rstr, &num_comp));
364 
365     // TODO: put in a function?
366     // Restriction
367     if (eval_mode != CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT && !((eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE) && use_collograd_parallelization)) {
368       code << "    CeedScalar r_u_" << i << "[num_comp_in_" << i << "*P_in_" << i << "];\n";
369 
370       bool is_strided;
371 
372       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionIsStrided(elem_rstr, &is_strided));
373       if (!is_strided) {
374         CeedInt comp_stride;
375 
376         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetLVectorSize(elem_rstr, &l_size));
377         code << "    const CeedInt l_size_in_" << i << " = " << l_size << ";\n";
378         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetCompStride(elem_rstr, &comp_stride));
379         code << "    // CompStride: " << comp_stride << "\n";
380         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetData(elem_rstr, &rstr_data));
381         data->indices.inputs[i] = rstr_data->d_ind;
382         code << "    readDofsOffset" << dim << "d<num_comp_in_" << i << ", " << comp_stride << ", P_in_" << i << ">(data, l_size_in_" << i
383              << ", elem, indices.inputs[" << i << "], d_u_" << i << ", r_u_" << i << ");\n";
384       } else {
385         bool    has_backend_strides;
386         CeedInt num_elem;
387 
388         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionHasBackendStrides(elem_rstr, &has_backend_strides));
389         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumElements(elem_rstr, &num_elem));
390         CeedInt strides[3] = {1, elem_size * num_elem, elem_size};
391 
392         if (!has_backend_strides) {
393           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetStrides(elem_rstr, strides));
394         }
395         code << "    // Strides: {" << strides[0] << ", " << strides[1] << ", " << strides[2] << "}\n";
396         code << "    readDofsStrided" << dim << "d<num_comp_in_" << i << ",P_in_" << i << "," << strides[0] << "," << strides[1] << "," << strides[2]
397              << ">(data, elem, d_u_" << i << ", r_u_" << i << ");\n";
398       }
399     }
400 
401     // TODO: put in a function?
402     // Basis action
403     code << "    // EvalMode: " << CeedEvalModes[eval_mode] << "\n";
404     switch (eval_mode) {
405       case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
406         if (!use_collograd_parallelization) {
407           code << "    CeedScalar* r_t_" << i << " = r_u_" << i << ";\n";
408         }
409         break;
410       case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
411         code << "    CeedScalar r_t_" << i << "[num_comp_in_" << i << "*Q_1d];\n";
412         code << "    Interp" << (dim > 1 ? "Tensor" : "") << dim << "d<num_comp_in_" << i << ",P_in_" << i << ",Q_1d>(data, r_u_" << i << ", s_B_in_"
413              << i << ", r_t_" << i << ");\n";
414         break;
415       case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
416         if (use_collograd_parallelization) {
417           code << "    CeedScalar r_t_" << i << "[num_comp_in_" << i << "*Q_1d];\n";
418           code << "    Interp" << (dim > 1 ? "Tensor" : "") << dim << "d<num_comp_in_" << i << ",P_in_" << i << ",Q_1d>(data, r_u_" << i
419                << ", s_B_in_" << i << ", r_t_" << i << ");\n";
420         } else {
421           CeedInt P_1d;
422 
423           CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_input_fields[i], &basis));
424           CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumNodes1D(basis, &P_1d));
425           code << "    CeedScalar r_t_" << i << "[num_comp_in_" << i << "*dim*Q_1d];\n";
426           code << "    Grad" << (dim > 1 ? "Tensor" : "") << (dim == 3 && Q_1d >= P_1d ? "Collocated" : "") << dim << "d<num_comp_in_" << i
427                << ",P_in_" << i << ",Q_1d>(data, r_u_" << i << ", s_B_in_" << i << ", s_G_in_" << i << ", r_t_" << i << ");\n";
428         }
429         break;
430       case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT:
431         code << "    CeedScalar r_t_" << i << "[Q_1d];\n";
432         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_input_fields[i], &basis));
433         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetData(basis, &basis_data));
434         data->W = basis_data->d_q_weight_1d;
435         code << "    Weight" << (dim > 1 ? "Tensor" : "") << dim << "d<Q_1d>(data, W, r_t_" << i << ");\n";
436         break;  // No action
437       case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
438         break;  // TODO: Not implemented
439       case CEED_EVAL_CURL:
440         break;  // TODO: Not implemented
441     }
442   }
443 
444   // TODO: put in a function + separate collograd logic
445   // Q function
446   code << "\n    // -- Output field setup --\n";
447   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
448     code << "\n    // ---- Output field " << i << " ----\n";
449     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
450     if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_GRAD) {
451       if (use_collograd_parallelization) {
452         // Accumulator for gradient slices
453         code << "    CeedScalar r_tt_" << i << "[num_comp_out_" << i << "*Q_1d];\n";
454         code << "    for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_comp_out_" << i << "; i++) {\n";
455         code << "      for (CeedInt j = 0; j < Q_1d; ++j) {\n";
456         code << "        r_tt_" << i << "[j + i*Q_1d] = 0.0;\n";
457         code << "      }\n";
458         code << "    }\n";
459       } else {
460         code << "    CeedScalar r_tt_" << i << "[num_comp_out_" << i << "*dim*Q_1d];\n";
461       }
462     }
463     if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE || eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_INTERP) {
464       code << "    CeedScalar r_tt_" << i << "[num_comp_out_" << i << "*Q_1d];\n";
465     }
466   }
467   // We treat quadrature points per slice in 3d to save registers
468   if (use_collograd_parallelization) {
469     code << "\n    // Note: Using planes of 3D elements\n";
470     code << "#pragma unroll\n";
471     code << "    for (CeedInt q = 0; q < Q_1d; q++) {\n";
472     code << "      // -- Input fields --\n";
473     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
474       code << "      // ---- Input field " << i << " ----\n";
475       // Get elem_size, eval_mode, num_comp
476       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_input_fields[i], &eval_mode));
477       // Basis action
478       code << "      // EvalMode: " << CeedEvalModes[eval_mode] << "\n";
479       switch (eval_mode) {
480         case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
481           bool is_strided;
482 
483           code << "      CeedScalar r_q_" << i << "[num_comp_in_" << i << "];\n";
484 
485           CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_input_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
486           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionIsStrided(elem_rstr, &is_strided));
487           if (!is_strided) {
488             CeedInt comp_stride;
489 
490             CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetLVectorSize(elem_rstr, &l_size));
491             code << "      const CeedInt l_size_in_" << i << " = " << l_size << ";\n";
492             CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetCompStride(elem_rstr, &comp_stride));
493             code << "      // CompStride: " << comp_stride << "\n";
494             CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetData(elem_rstr, &rstr_data));
495             data->indices.inputs[i] = rstr_data->d_ind;
496             code << "      readSliceQuadsOffset"
497                  << "3d<num_comp_in_" << i << ", " << comp_stride << ", Q_1d>(data, l_size_in_" << i << ", elem, q, indices.inputs[" << i << "], d_u_"
498                  << i << ", r_q_" << i << ");\n";
499           } else {
500             bool    has_backend_strides;
501             CeedInt num_elem;
502 
503             CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(elem_rstr, &elem_size));
504             CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionHasBackendStrides(elem_rstr, &has_backend_strides));
505             CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumElements(elem_rstr, &num_elem));
506             CeedInt strides[3] = {1, elem_size * num_elem, elem_size};
507 
508             if (!has_backend_strides) {
509               CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetStrides(elem_rstr, strides));
510             }
511             code << "      // Strides: {" << strides[0] << ", " << strides[1] << ", " << strides[2] << "}\n";
512             code << "      readSliceQuadsStrided"
513                  << "3d<num_comp_in_" << i
514                  << ",Q_1d"
515                     ","
516                  << strides[0] << "," << strides[1] << "," << strides[2] << ">(data, elem, q, d_u_" << i << ", r_q_" << i << ");\n";
517           }
518           break;
519         case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
520           code << "      CeedScalar r_q_" << i << "[num_comp_in_" << i << "];\n";
521           code << "      for (CeedInt j = 0; j < num_comp_in_" << i << " ; ++j) {\n";
522           code << "        r_q_" << i << "[j] = r_t_" << i << "[q + j*Q_1d];\n";
523           code << "      }\n";
524           break;
525         case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
526           code << "      CeedScalar r_q_" << i << "[num_comp_in_" << i << "*dim];\n";
527           code << "      gradCollo3d<num_comp_in_" << i << ",Q_1d>(data, q, r_t_" << i << ", s_G_in_" << i << ", r_q_" << i << ");\n";
528           break;
529         case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT:
530           code << "      CeedScalar r_q_" << i << "[1];\n";
531           code << "      r_q_" << i << "[0] = r_t_" << i << "[q];\n";
532           break;  // No action
533         case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
534           break;  // TODO: Not implemented
535         case CEED_EVAL_CURL:
536           break;  // TODO: Not implemented
537       }
538     }
539     code << "\n      // -- Output fields --\n";
540     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
541       code << "      // ---- Output field " << i << " ----\n";
542       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
543       // Basis action
544       switch (eval_mode) {
545         case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
546           code << "      CeedScalar r_qq_" << i << "[num_comp_out_" << i << "];\n";
547           break;  // No action
548         case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
549           code << "      CeedScalar r_qq_" << i << "[num_comp_out_" << i << "];\n";
550           break;
551         case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
552           code << "      CeedScalar r_qq_" << i << "[num_comp_out_" << i << "*dim];\n";
553           break;
554         case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT:
555           break;  // Should not occur
556         case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
557           break;  // TODO: Not implemented
558         case CEED_EVAL_CURL:
559           break;  // TODO: Not implemented
560       }
561     }
562   } else {
563     code << "\n      // Note: Using full elements\n";
564     code << "      // -- Input fields --\n";
565     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
566       code << "      // ---- Input field " << i << " ----\n";
567       code << "      CeedScalar* r_q_" << i << " = r_t_" << i << ";\n";
568     }
569     code << "      // -- Output fields --\n";
570     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
571       code << "      // ---- Output field " << i << " ----\n";
572       code << "      CeedScalar* r_qq_" << i << " = r_tt_" << i << ";\n";
573     }
574   }
575   code << "\n      // -- QFunction Inputs and outputs --\n";
576   code << "      CeedScalar* in[" << num_input_fields << "];\n";
577   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
578     code << "      // ---- Input field " << i << " ----\n";
579     code << "      in[" << i << "] = r_q_" << i << ";\n";
580   }
581   code << "      CeedScalar* out[" << num_output_fields << "];\n";
582   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
583     code << "      // ---- Output field " << i << " ----\n";
584     code << "      out[" << i << "] = r_qq_" << i << ";\n";
585   }
586   code << "\n      // -- Apply QFunction --\n";
587   code << "      " << qfunction_name << "(ctx, ";
588   if (dim != 3 || use_collograd_parallelization) {
589     code << "1";
590   } else {
591     code << "Q_1d";
592   }
593   code << ", in, out);\n";
594   if (use_collograd_parallelization) {
595     code << "      // -- Output fields --\n";
596     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
597       code << "      // ---- Output field " << i << " ----\n";
598       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
599       // Basis action
600       code << "      // EvalMode: " << CeedEvalModes[eval_mode] << "\n";
601       switch (eval_mode) {
602         case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
603           code << "      for (CeedInt j = 0; j < num_comp_out_" << i << " ; ++j) {\n";
604           code << "        r_tt_" << i << "[q + j*Q_1d] = r_qq_" << i << "[j];\n";
605           code << "      }\n";
606           break;  // No action
607         case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
608           code << "      for (CeedInt j = 0; j < num_comp_out_" << i << " ; ++j) {\n";
609           code << "        r_tt_" << i << "[q + j*Q_1d] = r_qq_" << i << "[j];\n";
610           code << "      }\n";
611           break;
612         case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
613           code << "      gradColloTranspose3d<num_comp_out_" << i << ",Q_1d>(data, q, r_qq_" << i << ", s_G_out_" << i << ", r_tt_" << i << ");\n";
614           break;
615         case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT:
616           break;  // Should not occur
617         case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
618           break;  // TODO: Not implemented
619         case CEED_EVAL_CURL:
620           break;  // TODO: Not implemented
621       }
622     }
623     code << "    }\n";
624   }
625 
626   // Output basis apply if needed
627   // Generate the correct eval mode code for each output
628   code << "\n    // -- Output field basis action and restrictions --\n";
629   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
630     code << "    // ---- Output field " << i << " ----\n";
631     // Get elem_size, eval_mode, num_comp
632     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_output_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
633     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(elem_rstr, &elem_size));
634     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
635     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumComponents(elem_rstr, &num_comp));
636     // TODO put in a function
637     // Basis action
638     code << "    // EvalMode: " << CeedEvalModes[eval_mode] << "\n";
639     switch (eval_mode) {
640       case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
641         code << "    CeedScalar* r_v_" << i << " = r_tt_" << i << ";\n";
642         break;  // No action
643       case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
644         code << "    CeedScalar r_v_" << i << "[num_comp_out_" << i << "*P_out_" << i << "];\n";
645         code << "    InterpTranspose" << (dim > 1 ? "Tensor" : "") << dim << "d<num_comp_out_" << i << ",P_out_" << i << ",Q_1d>(data, r_tt_" << i
646              << ", s_B_out_" << i << ", r_v_" << i << ");\n";
647         break;
648       case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
649         code << "    CeedScalar r_v_" << i << "[num_comp_out_" << i << "*P_out_" << i << "];\n";
650         if (use_collograd_parallelization) {
651           code << "    InterpTranspose" << (dim > 1 ? "Tensor" : "") << dim << "d<num_comp_out_" << i << ",P_out_" << i << ",Q_1d>(data, r_tt_" << i
652                << ", s_B_out_" << i << ", r_v_" << i << ");\n";
653         } else {
654           CeedInt P_1d;
655           CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_output_fields[i], &basis));
656           CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumNodes1D(basis, &P_1d));
657           code << "    GradTranspose" << (dim > 1 ? "Tensor" : "") << (dim == 3 && Q_1d >= P_1d ? "Collocated" : "") << dim << "d<num_comp_out_" << i
658                << ",P_out_" << i << ",Q_1d>(data, r_tt_" << i << ", s_B_out_" << i << ", s_G_out_" << i << ", r_v_" << i << ");\n";
659         }
660         break;
661       // LCOV_EXCL_START
662       case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT: {
663         Ceed ceed;
664 
665         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
666         return CeedError(ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT cannot be an output evaluation mode");
667         break;  // Should not occur
668       }
669       case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
670       case CEED_EVAL_CURL: {
671         Ceed ceed;
672 
673         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
674         return CeedError(ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "%s not supported", CeedEvalModes[eval_mode]);
675         break;  // Should not occur
676       }
677         // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
678     }
679     // TODO put in a function
680     // Restriction
681     bool is_strided;
682     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionIsStrided(elem_rstr, &is_strided));
683     if (!is_strided) {
684       CeedInt comp_stride;
685 
686       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetLVectorSize(elem_rstr, &l_size));
687       code << "    const CeedInt l_size_out_" << i << " = " << l_size << ";\n";
688       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetCompStride(elem_rstr, &comp_stride));
689       code << "    // CompStride: " << comp_stride << "\n";
690       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetData(elem_rstr, &rstr_data));
691       data->indices.outputs[i] = rstr_data->d_ind;
692       code << "    writeDofsOffset" << dim << "d<num_comp_out_" << i << ", " << comp_stride << ", P_out_" << i << ">(data, l_size_out_" << i
693            << ", elem, indices.outputs[" << i << "], r_v_" << i << ", d_v_" << i << ");\n";
694     } else {
695       bool    has_backend_strides;
696       CeedInt num_elem;
697 
698       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionHasBackendStrides(elem_rstr, &has_backend_strides));
699       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumElements(elem_rstr, &num_elem));
700       CeedInt strides[3] = {1, elem_size * num_elem, elem_size};
701 
702       if (!has_backend_strides) {
703         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetStrides(elem_rstr, strides));
704       }
705       code << "    // Strides: {" << strides[0] << ", " << strides[1] << ", " << strides[2] << "}\n";
706       code << "    writeDofsStrided" << dim << "d<num_comp_out_" << i << ",P_out_" << i << "," << strides[0] << "," << strides[1] << "," << strides[2]
707            << ">(data, elem, r_v_" << i << ", d_v_" << i << ");\n";
708     }
709   }
710 
711   code << "  }\n";
712   code << "}\n";
713   code << "// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n\n";
714 
715   // View kernel for debugging
716   CeedDebug256(ceed, CEED_DEBUG_COLOR_SUCCESS, "Generated Operator Kernels:\n");
717   CeedDebug(ceed, code.str().c_str());
718 
719   CeedCallBackend(CeedCompile_Cuda(ceed, code.str().c_str(), &data->module, 1, "T_1D", CeedIntMax(Q_1d, data->max_P_1d)));
720   CeedCallBackend(CeedGetKernel_Cuda(ceed, data->module, operator_name.c_str(), &data->op));
721 
722   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetSetupDone(op));
723   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
724 }
725 
726 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
727