xref: /libCEED/backends/cuda-gen/ceed-cuda-gen-operator-build.cpp (revision 6f8994e97a0b625c3ee237f2816b2aa73d18ec27)
1 // Copyright (c) 2017-2022, Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC and other CEED contributors.
2 // All Rights Reserved. See the top-level LICENSE and NOTICE files for details.
3 //
4 // SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
5 //
6 // This file is part of CEED:  http://github.com/ceed
7 
8 #define CEED_DEBUG_COLOR 12
9 
10 #include <ceed.h>
11 #include <ceed/backend.h>
12 #include <ceed/jit-tools.h>
13 #include <cuda_runtime.h>
14 
15 #include <iostream>
16 #include <sstream>
17 #include <string>
18 
19 #include "../cuda-ref/ceed-cuda-ref.h"
20 #include "../cuda-shared/ceed-cuda-shared.h"
21 #include "../cuda/ceed-cuda-common.h"
22 #include "../cuda/ceed-cuda-compile.h"
23 #include "ceed-cuda-gen.h"
24 
25 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
26 // Build single operator kernel
27 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
28 extern "C" int CeedOperatorBuildKernel_Cuda_gen(CeedOperator op) {
29   using std::ostringstream;
30   using std::string;
31 
32   bool                      is_setup_done, is_identity_qf;
33   struct cudaDeviceProp     prop;
34   Ceed                      ceed;
35   Ceed_Cuda                *ceed_data;
36   CeedSize                  l_size;
37   CeedInt                   Q, P_1d = 0, Q_1d = 0, elem_size, num_input_fields, num_output_fields, num_comp, dim = 1;
38   CeedEvalMode              eval_mode;
39   CeedElemRestriction       elem_rstr;
40   CeedElemRestriction_Cuda *rstr_data;
41   CeedBasis                 basis;
42   CeedBasis_Cuda_shared    *basis_data;
43   CeedQFunctionField       *qf_input_fields, *qf_output_fields;
44   CeedQFunction_Cuda_gen   *qf_data;
45   CeedQFunction             qf;
46   CeedOperatorField        *op_input_fields, *op_output_fields;
47   CeedOperator_Cuda_gen    *data;
48 
49   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorIsSetupDone(op, &is_setup_done));
50   if (is_setup_done) return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
51 
52   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
53   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &data));
54   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
55   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetData(qf, &qf_data));
56   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumQuadraturePoints(op, &Q));
57   Q_1d = Q;
58   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, &num_input_fields, &op_input_fields, &num_output_fields, &op_output_fields));
59   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_input_fields, NULL, &qf_output_fields));
60 
61   // TODO: put in a function?
62   // Check for restriction only identity operator
63   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionIsIdentity(qf, &is_identity_qf));
64   if (is_identity_qf) {
65     CeedEvalMode eval_mode_in, eval_mode_out;
66 
67     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_input_fields[0], &eval_mode_in));
68     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[0], &eval_mode_out));
69     CeedCheck(eval_mode_in != CEED_EVAL_NONE || eval_mode_out != CEED_EVAL_NONE, ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND,
70               "Backend does not implement restriction only identity operators");
71   }
72 
73   ostringstream code;
74 
75   // TODO: put in a function?
76   // Add atomicAdd function for old NVidia architectures
77   CeedCallBackend(CeedGetData(ceed, &ceed_data));
78   CeedCallBackend(cudaGetDeviceProperties(&prop, ceed_data->device_id));
79   if ((prop.major < 6) && (CEED_SCALAR_TYPE != CEED_SCALAR_FP32)) {
80     char *atomic_add_path, *atomic_add_source;
81 
82     CeedCallBackend(CeedGetJitAbsolutePath(ceed, "ceed/jit-source/cuda/cuda-atomic-add-fallback.h", &atomic_add_path));
83     CeedDebug256(ceed, CEED_DEBUG_COLOR_SUCCESS, "----- Loading Atomic Add Source -----\n");
84     CeedCallBackend(CeedLoadSourceToBuffer(ceed, atomic_add_path, &atomic_add_source));
85     code << atomic_add_source;
86     CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&atomic_add_path));
87     CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&atomic_add_source));
88   }
89 
90   // Load basis source files
91   // TODO: generalize to accept different device functions?
92   {
93     char *tensor_basis_kernel_path, *tensor_basis_kernel_source;
94 
95     CeedCallBackend(CeedGetJitAbsolutePath(ceed, "ceed/jit-source/cuda/cuda-shared-basis-tensor-templates.h", &tensor_basis_kernel_path));
96     CeedDebug256(ceed, CEED_DEBUG_COLOR_SUCCESS, "----- Loading Tensor Basis Kernel Source -----\n");
97     CeedCallBackend(CeedLoadSourceToBuffer(ceed, tensor_basis_kernel_path, &tensor_basis_kernel_source));
98     code << tensor_basis_kernel_source;
99     CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&tensor_basis_kernel_path));
100     CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&tensor_basis_kernel_source));
101   }
102   {
103     char *cuda_gen_template_path, *cuda_gen_template_source;
104 
105     CeedCallBackend(CeedGetJitAbsolutePath(ceed, "ceed/jit-source/cuda/cuda-gen-templates.h", &cuda_gen_template_path));
106     CeedDebug256(ceed, CEED_DEBUG_COLOR_SUCCESS, "----- Loading Cuda-Gen Template Source -----\n");
107     CeedCallBackend(CeedLoadSourceToBuffer(ceed, cuda_gen_template_path, &cuda_gen_template_source));
108     code << cuda_gen_template_source;
109     CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&cuda_gen_template_path));
110     CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&cuda_gen_template_source));
111   }
112 
113   // Get QFunction source and name
114   string q_function_source(qf_data->q_function_source);
115   string q_function_name(qf_data->q_function_name);
116   string operator_name;
117   operator_name = "CeedKernelCudaGenOperator_" + q_function_name;
118 
119   // Find dim, P_1d, Q_1d
120   data->max_P_1d = 0;
121   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
122     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_input_fields[i], &basis));
123     if (basis != CEED_BASIS_NONE) {
124       bool is_tensor;
125 
126       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetData(basis, &basis_data));
127       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_input_fields[i], &eval_mode));
128 
129       // Collect dim, P_1d, and Q_1d
130       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetDimension(basis, &dim));
131       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisIsTensor(basis, &is_tensor));
132       CeedCheck(is_tensor, ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "Backend does not implement operators with non-tensor basis");
133       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadraturePoints1D(basis, &Q_1d));
134       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumNodes1D(basis, &P_1d));
135       data->max_P_1d = CeedIntMax(data->max_P_1d, P_1d);
136     }
137   }
138   // Check output bases for Q_1d, dim as well
139   //   The only input basis might be CEED_BASIS_NONE
140   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
141     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_output_fields[i], &basis));
142     if (basis != CEED_BASIS_NONE) {
143       bool is_tensor;
144 
145       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetData(basis, &basis_data));
146       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
147 
148       // Collect Q_1d
149       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetDimension(basis, &dim));
150       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisIsTensor(basis, &is_tensor));
151       CeedCheck(is_tensor, ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "Backend does not implement operators with non-tensor basis");
152       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadraturePoints1D(basis, &Q_1d));
153     }
154   }
155   data->dim  = dim;
156   data->Q_1d = Q_1d;
157 
158   // Only use 3D collocated gradient parallelization strategy when gradient is computed
159   // TODO: put in a function?
160   bool use_collograd_parallelization = false;
161 
162   if (dim == 3) {
163     bool was_grad_found = false;
164 
165     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
166       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_input_fields[i], &eval_mode));
167       if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_GRAD) {
168         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_input_fields[i], &basis));
169         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetData(basis, &basis_data));
170         use_collograd_parallelization = basis_data->d_collo_grad_1d && (was_grad_found ? use_collograd_parallelization : true);
171         was_grad_found                = true;
172       }
173     }
174     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
175       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
176       if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_GRAD) {
177         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_output_fields[i], &basis));
178         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetData(basis, &basis_data));
179         use_collograd_parallelization = basis_data->d_collo_grad_1d && (was_grad_found ? use_collograd_parallelization : true);
180         was_grad_found                = true;
181       }
182     }
183   }
184 
185   // Define CEED_Q_VLA
186   code << "\n#undef CEED_Q_VLA\n";
187   if (dim != 3 || use_collograd_parallelization) {
188     code << "#define CEED_Q_VLA 1\n\n";
189   } else {
190     code << "#define CEED_Q_VLA " << Q_1d << "\n\n";
191   }
192 
193   code << q_function_source;
194 
195   // Setup
196   code << "\n// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n";
197   code << "\nextern \"C\" __global__ void " << operator_name
198        << "(CeedInt num_elem, void* ctx, FieldsInt_Cuda indices, Fields_Cuda fields, Fields_Cuda B, Fields_Cuda G, CeedScalar* W) {\n";
199   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
200     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_input_fields[i], &eval_mode));
201     if (eval_mode != CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) {  // Skip CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT
202       code << "  const CeedScalar* d_u_" << i << " = fields.inputs[" << i << "];\n";
203     }
204   }
205 
206   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
207     code << "  CeedScalar* d_v_" << i << " = fields.outputs[" << i << "];\n";
208   }
209 
210   code << "  const CeedInt dim = " << dim << ";\n";
211   code << "  const CeedInt Q_1d = " << Q_1d << ";\n";
212 
213   code << "  extern __shared__ CeedScalar slice[];\n";
214   // TODO put in a function? InitSharedData_Cuda?
215   code << "  SharedData_Cuda data;\n";
216   code << "  data.t_id_x = threadIdx.x;\n";
217   code << "  data.t_id_y = threadIdx.y;\n";
218   code << "  data.t_id_z = threadIdx.z;\n";
219   code << "  data.t_id  = threadIdx.x + threadIdx.y*blockDim.x + threadIdx.z*blockDim.y*blockDim.x;\n";
220   code << "  data.slice = slice+data.t_id_z*T_1D" << (dim > 1 ? "*T_1D" : "") << ";\n";
221 
222   code << "\n  // -- Input field constants and basis data --\n";
223   // TODO: Put in a function?
224   // Initialize constants, and matrices B and G
225   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
226     code << "  // ---- Input field " << i << " ----\n";
227     // Get elem_size, eval_mode, num_comp
228     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_input_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
229     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(elem_rstr, &elem_size));
230     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_input_fields[i], &eval_mode));
231     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumComponents(elem_rstr, &num_comp));
232 
233     // Set field constants
234     if (eval_mode != CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) {
235       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_input_fields[i], &basis));
236       if (basis != CEED_BASIS_NONE) {
237         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumNodes1D(basis, &P_1d));
238         code << "  const CeedInt P_in_" << i << " = " << P_1d << ";\n";
239       } else {
240         code << "  const CeedInt P_in_" << i << " = " << Q_1d << ";\n";
241       }
242       code << "  const CeedInt num_comp_in_" << i << " = " << num_comp << ";\n";
243     }
244 
245     // Load basis data
246     code << "  // EvalMode: " << CeedEvalModes[eval_mode] << "\n";
247     switch (eval_mode) {
248       case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
249         break;
250       case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
251         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetData(basis, &basis_data));
252         data->B.inputs[i] = basis_data->d_interp_1d;
253         code << "  __shared__ CeedScalar s_B_in_" << i << "[" << P_1d * Q_1d << "];\n";
254         code << "  loadMatrix<P_in_" << i << ",Q_1d>(data, B.inputs[" << i << "], s_B_in_" << i << ");\n";
255         break;
256       case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
257         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetData(basis, &basis_data));
258         data->B.inputs[i] = basis_data->d_interp_1d;
259         code << "  __shared__ CeedScalar s_B_in_" << i << "[" << P_1d * Q_1d << "];\n";
260         code << "  loadMatrix<P_in_" << i << ",Q_1d>(data, B.inputs[" << i << "], s_B_in_" << i << ");\n";
261         if (use_collograd_parallelization) {
262           data->G.inputs[i] = basis_data->d_collo_grad_1d;
263           code << "  __shared__ CeedScalar s_G_in_" << i << "[" << Q_1d * Q_1d << "];\n";
264           code << "  loadMatrix<Q_1d,Q_1d>(data, G.inputs[" << i << "], s_G_in_" << i << ");\n";
265         } else {
266           bool has_collo_grad = basis_data->d_collo_grad_1d;
267           data->G.inputs[i]   = has_collo_grad ? basis_data->d_collo_grad_1d : basis_data->d_grad_1d;
268           code << "  __shared__ CeedScalar s_G_in_" << i << "[" << Q_1d * (has_collo_grad ? Q_1d : P_1d) << "];\n";
269           code << "  loadMatrix<" << (has_collo_grad ? "Q_1d" : ("P_in_" + std::to_string(i))) << ",Q_1d>(data, G.inputs[" << i << "], s_G_in_" << i
270                << ");\n";
271         }
272         break;
273       case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT:
274         break;  // No action
275       case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
276         break;  // TODO: Not implemented
277       case CEED_EVAL_CURL:
278         break;  // TODO: Not implemented
279     }
280   }
281 
282   code << "\n  // -- Output field constants and basis data --\n";
283   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
284     code << "  // ---- Output field " << i << " ----\n";
285     // Get elem_size, eval_mode, num_comp
286     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_output_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
287     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(elem_rstr, &elem_size));
288     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
289     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumComponents(elem_rstr, &num_comp));
290 
291     // Set field constants
292     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_output_fields[i], &basis));
293     if (basis != CEED_BASIS_NONE) {
294       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumNodes1D(basis, &P_1d));
295       code << "  const CeedInt P_out_" << i << " = " << P_1d << ";\n";
296     } else {
297       code << "  const CeedInt P_out_" << i << " = " << Q_1d << ";\n";
298     }
299     code << "  const CeedInt num_comp_out_" << i << " = " << num_comp << ";\n";
300 
301     // Load basis data
302     code << "  // EvalMode: " << CeedEvalModes[eval_mode] << "\n";
303     switch (eval_mode) {
304       case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
305         break;  // No action
306       case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
307         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetData(basis, &basis_data));
308         data->B.outputs[i] = basis_data->d_interp_1d;
309         code << "  __shared__ CeedScalar s_B_out_" << i << "[" << P_1d * Q_1d << "];\n";
310         code << "  loadMatrix<P_out_" << i << ",Q_1d>(data, B.outputs[" << i << "], s_B_out_" << i << ");\n";
311         break;
312       case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
313         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetData(basis, &basis_data));
314         data->B.outputs[i] = basis_data->d_interp_1d;
315         code << "  __shared__ CeedScalar s_B_out_" << i << "[" << P_1d * Q_1d << "];\n";
316         code << "  loadMatrix<P_out_" << i << ",Q_1d>(data, B.outputs[" << i << "], s_B_out_" << i << ");\n";
317         if (use_collograd_parallelization) {
318           data->G.outputs[i] = basis_data->d_collo_grad_1d;
319           code << "  __shared__ CeedScalar s_G_out_" << i << "[" << Q_1d * Q_1d << "];\n";
320           code << "  loadMatrix<Q_1d,Q_1d>(data, G.outputs[" << i << "], s_G_out_" << i << ");\n";
321         } else {
322           bool has_collo_grad = basis_data->d_collo_grad_1d;
323           data->G.outputs[i]  = has_collo_grad ? basis_data->d_collo_grad_1d : basis_data->d_grad_1d;
324           code << "  __shared__ CeedScalar s_G_out_" << i << "[" << Q_1d * (has_collo_grad ? Q_1d : P_1d) << "];\n";
325           code << "  loadMatrix<" << (has_collo_grad ? "Q_1d" : ("P_out_" + std::to_string(i))) << ",Q_1d>(data, G.outputs[" << i << "], s_G_out_"
326                << i << ");\n";
327         }
328         break;
329       // LCOV_EXCL_START
330       case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT: {
331         Ceed ceed;
332 
333         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
334         return CeedError(ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT cannot be an output evaluation mode");
335         break;  // Should not occur
336       }
337       case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
338       case CEED_EVAL_CURL: {
339         Ceed ceed;
340 
341         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
342         return CeedError(ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "%s not supported", CeedEvalModes[eval_mode]);
343         break;  // Should not occur
344       }
345         // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
346     }
347   }
348   code << "\n  // -- Element loop --\n";
349   code << "  __syncthreads();\n";
350   code << "  for (CeedInt elem = blockIdx.x*blockDim.z + threadIdx.z; elem < num_elem; elem += gridDim.x*blockDim.z) {\n";
351   // Input basis apply if needed
352   // Generate the correct eval mode code for each input
353   code << "    // -- Input field restrictions and basis actions --\n";
354   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
355     code << "    // ---- Input field " << i << " ----\n";
356     // Get elem_size, eval_mode, num_comp
357     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_input_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
358     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(elem_rstr, &elem_size));
359     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_input_fields[i], &eval_mode));
360     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumComponents(elem_rstr, &num_comp));
361 
362     // TODO: put in a function?
363     // Restriction
364     if (eval_mode != CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT && !((eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE) && use_collograd_parallelization)) {
365       code << "    CeedScalar r_u_" << i << "[num_comp_in_" << i << "*P_in_" << i << "];\n";
366 
367       bool is_strided;
368 
369       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionIsStrided(elem_rstr, &is_strided));
370       if (!is_strided) {
371         CeedInt comp_stride;
372 
373         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetLVectorSize(elem_rstr, &l_size));
374         code << "    const CeedInt l_size_in_" << i << " = " << l_size << ";\n";
375         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetCompStride(elem_rstr, &comp_stride));
376         code << "    // CompStride: " << comp_stride << "\n";
377         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetData(elem_rstr, &rstr_data));
378         data->indices.inputs[i] = rstr_data->d_ind;
379         code << "    readDofsOffset" << dim << "d<num_comp_in_" << i << ", " << comp_stride << ", P_in_" << i << ">(data, l_size_in_" << i
380              << ", elem, indices.inputs[" << i << "], d_u_" << i << ", r_u_" << i << ");\n";
381       } else {
382         bool    has_backend_strides;
383         CeedInt num_elem;
384 
385         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionHasBackendStrides(elem_rstr, &has_backend_strides));
386         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumElements(elem_rstr, &num_elem));
387         CeedInt strides[3] = {1, elem_size * num_elem, elem_size};
388 
389         if (!has_backend_strides) {
390           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetStrides(elem_rstr, strides));
391         }
392         code << "    // Strides: {" << strides[0] << ", " << strides[1] << ", " << strides[2] << "}\n";
393         code << "    readDofsStrided" << dim << "d<num_comp_in_" << i << ",P_in_" << i << "," << strides[0] << "," << strides[1] << "," << strides[2]
394              << ">(data, elem, d_u_" << i << ", r_u_" << i << ");\n";
395       }
396     }
397 
398     // TODO: put in a function?
399     // Basis action
400     code << "    // EvalMode: " << CeedEvalModes[eval_mode] << "\n";
401     switch (eval_mode) {
402       case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
403         if (!use_collograd_parallelization) {
404           code << "    CeedScalar* r_t_" << i << " = r_u_" << i << ";\n";
405         }
406         break;
407       case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
408         code << "    CeedScalar r_t_" << i << "[num_comp_in_" << i << "*Q_1d];\n";
409         code << "    Interp" << (dim > 1 ? "Tensor" : "") << dim << "d<num_comp_in_" << i << ",P_in_" << i << ",Q_1d>(data, r_u_" << i << ", s_B_in_"
410              << i << ", r_t_" << i << ");\n";
411         break;
412       case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
413         if (use_collograd_parallelization) {
414           code << "    CeedScalar r_t_" << i << "[num_comp_in_" << i << "*Q_1d];\n";
415           code << "    Interp" << (dim > 1 ? "Tensor" : "") << dim << "d<num_comp_in_" << i << ",P_in_" << i << ",Q_1d>(data, r_u_" << i
416                << ", s_B_in_" << i << ", r_t_" << i << ");\n";
417         } else {
418           CeedInt P_1d;
419 
420           CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_input_fields[i], &basis));
421           CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumNodes1D(basis, &P_1d));
422           code << "    CeedScalar r_t_" << i << "[num_comp_in_" << i << "*dim*Q_1d];\n";
423           code << "    Grad" << (dim > 1 ? "Tensor" : "") << (dim == 3 && Q_1d >= P_1d ? "Collocated" : "") << dim << "d<num_comp_in_" << i
424                << ",P_in_" << i << ",Q_1d>(data, r_u_" << i << ", s_B_in_" << i << ", s_G_in_" << i << ", r_t_" << i << ");\n";
425         }
426         break;
427       case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT:
428         code << "    CeedScalar r_t_" << i << "[Q_1d];\n";
429         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_input_fields[i], &basis));
430         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetData(basis, &basis_data));
431         data->W = basis_data->d_q_weight_1d;
432         code << "    Weight" << (dim > 1 ? "Tensor" : "") << dim << "d<Q_1d>(data, W, r_t_" << i << ");\n";
433         break;  // No action
434       case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
435         break;  // TODO: Not implemented
436       case CEED_EVAL_CURL:
437         break;  // TODO: Not implemented
438     }
439   }
440 
441   // TODO: put in a function + separate collograd logic
442   // Q function
443   code << "\n    // -- Output field setup --\n";
444   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
445     code << "\n    // ---- Output field " << i << " ----\n";
446     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
447     if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_GRAD) {
448       if (use_collograd_parallelization) {
449         // Accumulator for gradient slices
450         code << "    CeedScalar r_tt_" << i << "[num_comp_out_" << i << "*Q_1d];\n";
451         code << "    for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_comp_out_" << i << "; i++) {\n";
452         code << "      for (CeedInt j = 0; j < Q_1d; ++j) {\n";
453         code << "        r_tt_" << i << "[j + i*Q_1d] = 0.0;\n";
454         code << "      }\n";
455         code << "    }\n";
456       } else {
457         code << "    CeedScalar r_tt_" << i << "[num_comp_out_" << i << "*dim*Q_1d];\n";
458       }
459     }
460     if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE || eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_INTERP) {
461       code << "    CeedScalar r_tt_" << i << "[num_comp_out_" << i << "*Q_1d];\n";
462     }
463   }
464   // We treat quadrature points per slice in 3d to save registers
465   if (use_collograd_parallelization) {
466     code << "\n    // Note: Using planes of 3D elements\n";
467     code << "#pragma unroll\n";
468     code << "    for (CeedInt q = 0; q < Q_1d; q++) {\n";
469     code << "      // -- Input fields --\n";
470     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
471       code << "      // ---- Input field " << i << " ----\n";
472       // Get elem_size, eval_mode, num_comp
473       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_input_fields[i], &eval_mode));
474       // Basis action
475       code << "      // EvalMode: " << CeedEvalModes[eval_mode] << "\n";
476       switch (eval_mode) {
477         case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
478           bool is_strided;
479 
480           code << "      CeedScalar r_q_" << i << "[num_comp_in_" << i << "];\n";
481 
482           CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_input_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
483           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionIsStrided(elem_rstr, &is_strided));
484           if (!is_strided) {
485             CeedInt comp_stride;
486 
487             CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetLVectorSize(elem_rstr, &l_size));
488             code << "      const CeedInt l_size_in_" << i << " = " << l_size << ";\n";
489             CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetCompStride(elem_rstr, &comp_stride));
490             code << "      // CompStride: " << comp_stride << "\n";
491             CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetData(elem_rstr, &rstr_data));
492             data->indices.inputs[i] = rstr_data->d_ind;
493             code << "      readSliceQuadsOffset"
494                  << "3d<num_comp_in_" << i << ", " << comp_stride << ", Q_1d>(data, l_size_in_" << i << ", elem, q, indices.inputs[" << i << "], d_u_"
495                  << i << ", r_q_" << i << ");\n";
496           } else {
497             bool    has_backend_strides;
498             CeedInt num_elem;
499 
500             CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(elem_rstr, &elem_size));
501             CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionHasBackendStrides(elem_rstr, &has_backend_strides));
502             CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumElements(elem_rstr, &num_elem));
503             CeedInt strides[3] = {1, elem_size * num_elem, elem_size};
504 
505             if (!has_backend_strides) {
506               CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetStrides(elem_rstr, strides));
507             }
508             code << "      // Strides: {" << strides[0] << ", " << strides[1] << ", " << strides[2] << "}\n";
509             code << "      readSliceQuadsStrided"
510                  << "3d<num_comp_in_" << i
511                  << ",Q_1d"
512                     ","
513                  << strides[0] << "," << strides[1] << "," << strides[2] << ">(data, elem, q, d_u_" << i << ", r_q_" << i << ");\n";
514           }
515           break;
516         case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
517           code << "      CeedScalar r_q_" << i << "[num_comp_in_" << i << "];\n";
518           code << "      for (CeedInt j = 0; j < num_comp_in_" << i << " ; ++j) {\n";
519           code << "        r_q_" << i << "[j] = r_t_" << i << "[q + j*Q_1d];\n";
520           code << "      }\n";
521           break;
522         case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
523           code << "      CeedScalar r_q_" << i << "[num_comp_in_" << i << "*dim];\n";
524           code << "      gradCollo3d<num_comp_in_" << i << ",Q_1d>(data, q, r_t_" << i << ", s_G_in_" << i << ", r_q_" << i << ");\n";
525           break;
526         case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT:
527           code << "      CeedScalar r_q_" << i << "[1];\n";
528           code << "      r_q_" << i << "[0] = r_t_" << i << "[q];\n";
529           break;  // No action
530         case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
531           break;  // TODO: Not implemented
532         case CEED_EVAL_CURL:
533           break;  // TODO: Not implemented
534       }
535     }
536     code << "\n      // -- Output fields --\n";
537     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
538       code << "      // ---- Output field " << i << " ----\n";
539       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
540       // Basis action
541       switch (eval_mode) {
542         case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
543           code << "      CeedScalar r_qq_" << i << "[num_comp_out_" << i << "];\n";
544           break;  // No action
545         case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
546           code << "      CeedScalar r_qq_" << i << "[num_comp_out_" << i << "];\n";
547           break;
548         case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
549           code << "      CeedScalar r_qq_" << i << "[num_comp_out_" << i << "*dim];\n";
550           break;
551         case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT:
552           break;  // Should not occur
553         case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
554           break;  // TODO: Not implemented
555         case CEED_EVAL_CURL:
556           break;  // TODO: Not implemented
557       }
558     }
559   } else {
560     code << "\n      // Note: Using full elements\n";
561     code << "      // -- Input fields --\n";
562     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
563       code << "      // ---- Input field " << i << " ----\n";
564       code << "      CeedScalar* r_q_" << i << " = r_t_" << i << ";\n";
565     }
566     code << "      // -- Output fields --\n";
567     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
568       code << "      // ---- Output field " << i << " ----\n";
569       code << "      CeedScalar* r_qq_" << i << " = r_tt_" << i << ";\n";
570     }
571   }
572   code << "\n      // -- QFunction Inputs and outputs --\n";
573   code << "      CeedScalar* in[" << num_input_fields << "];\n";
574   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
575     code << "      // ---- Input field " << i << " ----\n";
576     code << "      in[" << i << "] = r_q_" << i << ";\n";
577   }
578   code << "      CeedScalar* out[" << num_output_fields << "];\n";
579   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
580     code << "      // ---- Output field " << i << " ----\n";
581     code << "      out[" << i << "] = r_qq_" << i << ";\n";
582   }
583   code << "\n      // -- Apply QFunction --\n";
584   code << "      " << q_function_name << "(ctx, ";
585   if (dim != 3 || use_collograd_parallelization) {
586     code << "1";
587   } else {
588     code << "Q_1d";
589   }
590   code << ", in, out);\n";
591   if (use_collograd_parallelization) {
592     code << "      // -- Output fields --\n";
593     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
594       code << "      // ---- Output field " << i << " ----\n";
595       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
596       // Basis action
597       code << "      // EvalMode: " << CeedEvalModes[eval_mode] << "\n";
598       switch (eval_mode) {
599         case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
600           code << "      for (CeedInt j = 0; j < num_comp_out_" << i << " ; ++j) {\n";
601           code << "        r_tt_" << i << "[q + j*Q_1d] = r_qq_" << i << "[j];\n";
602           code << "      }\n";
603           break;  // No action
604         case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
605           code << "      for (CeedInt j = 0; j < num_comp_out_" << i << " ; ++j) {\n";
606           code << "        r_tt_" << i << "[q + j*Q_1d] = r_qq_" << i << "[j];\n";
607           code << "      }\n";
608           break;
609         case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
610           code << "      gradColloTranspose3d<num_comp_out_" << i << ",Q_1d>(data, q, r_qq_" << i << ", s_G_out_" << i << ", r_tt_" << i << ");\n";
611           break;
612         case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT:
613           break;  // Should not occur
614         case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
615           break;  // TODO: Not implemented
616         case CEED_EVAL_CURL:
617           break;  // TODO: Not implemented
618       }
619     }
620     code << "    }\n";
621   }
622 
623   // Output basis apply if needed
624   // Generate the correct eval mode code for each output
625   code << "\n    // -- Output field basis action and restrictions --\n";
626   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
627     code << "    // ---- Output field " << i << " ----\n";
628     // Get elem_size, eval_mode, num_comp
629     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_output_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
630     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(elem_rstr, &elem_size));
631     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
632     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumComponents(elem_rstr, &num_comp));
633     // TODO put in a function
634     // Basis action
635     code << "    // EvalMode: " << CeedEvalModes[eval_mode] << "\n";
636     switch (eval_mode) {
637       case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
638         code << "    CeedScalar* r_v_" << i << " = r_tt_" << i << ";\n";
639         break;  // No action
640       case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
641         code << "    CeedScalar r_v_" << i << "[num_comp_out_" << i << "*P_out_" << i << "];\n";
642         code << "    InterpTranspose" << (dim > 1 ? "Tensor" : "") << dim << "d<num_comp_out_" << i << ",P_out_" << i << ",Q_1d>(data, r_tt_" << i
643              << ", s_B_out_" << i << ", r_v_" << i << ");\n";
644         break;
645       case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
646         code << "    CeedScalar r_v_" << i << "[num_comp_out_" << i << "*P_out_" << i << "];\n";
647         if (use_collograd_parallelization) {
648           code << "    InterpTranspose" << (dim > 1 ? "Tensor" : "") << dim << "d<num_comp_out_" << i << ",P_out_" << i << ",Q_1d>(data, r_tt_" << i
649                << ", s_B_out_" << i << ", r_v_" << i << ");\n";
650         } else {
651           CeedInt P_1d;
652           CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_output_fields[i], &basis));
653           CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumNodes1D(basis, &P_1d));
654           code << "    GradTranspose" << (dim > 1 ? "Tensor" : "") << (dim == 3 && Q_1d >= P_1d ? "Collocated" : "") << dim << "d<num_comp_out_" << i
655                << ",P_out_" << i << ",Q_1d>(data, r_tt_" << i << ", s_B_out_" << i << ", s_G_out_" << i << ", r_v_" << i << ");\n";
656         }
657         break;
658       // LCOV_EXCL_START
659       case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT: {
660         Ceed ceed;
661 
662         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
663         return CeedError(ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT cannot be an output evaluation mode");
664         break;  // Should not occur
665       }
666       case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
667       case CEED_EVAL_CURL: {
668         Ceed ceed;
669 
670         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
671         return CeedError(ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "%s not supported", CeedEvalModes[eval_mode]);
672         break;  // Should not occur
673       }
674         // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
675     }
676     // TODO put in a function
677     // Restriction
678     bool is_strided;
679     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionIsStrided(elem_rstr, &is_strided));
680     if (!is_strided) {
681       CeedInt comp_stride;
682 
683       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetLVectorSize(elem_rstr, &l_size));
684       code << "    const CeedInt l_size_out_" << i << " = " << l_size << ";\n";
685       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetCompStride(elem_rstr, &comp_stride));
686       code << "    // CompStride: " << comp_stride << "\n";
687       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetData(elem_rstr, &rstr_data));
688       data->indices.outputs[i] = rstr_data->d_ind;
689       code << "    writeDofsOffset" << dim << "d<num_comp_out_" << i << ", " << comp_stride << ", P_out_" << i << ">(data, l_size_out_" << i
690            << ", elem, indices.outputs[" << i << "], r_v_" << i << ", d_v_" << i << ");\n";
691     } else {
692       bool    has_backend_strides;
693       CeedInt num_elem;
694 
695       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionHasBackendStrides(elem_rstr, &has_backend_strides));
696       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumElements(elem_rstr, &num_elem));
697       CeedInt strides[3] = {1, elem_size * num_elem, elem_size};
698 
699       if (!has_backend_strides) {
700         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetStrides(elem_rstr, strides));
701       }
702       code << "    // Strides: {" << strides[0] << ", " << strides[1] << ", " << strides[2] << "}\n";
703       code << "    writeDofsStrided" << dim << "d<num_comp_out_" << i << ",P_out_" << i << "," << strides[0] << "," << strides[1] << "," << strides[2]
704            << ">(data, elem, r_v_" << i << ", d_v_" << i << ");\n";
705     }
706   }
707 
708   code << "  }\n";
709   code << "}\n";
710   code << "// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n\n";
711 
712   // View kernel for debugging
713   CeedDebug256(ceed, CEED_DEBUG_COLOR_SUCCESS, "Generated Operator Kernels:\n");
714   CeedDebug(ceed, code.str().c_str());
715 
716   CeedCallBackend(CeedCompile_Cuda(ceed, code.str().c_str(), &data->module, 1, "T_1D", CeedIntMax(Q_1d, data->max_P_1d)));
717   CeedCallBackend(CeedGetKernel_Cuda(ceed, data->module, operator_name.c_str(), &data->op));
718 
719   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetSetupDone(op));
720   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
721 }
722 
723 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
724