xref: /libCEED/backends/cuda-gen/ceed-cuda-gen-operator-build.cpp (revision 935f026aeac4afd1a5641109d8d2197022f564c1)
1 // Copyright (c) 2017-2024, Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC and other CEED contributors.
2 // All Rights Reserved. See the top-level LICENSE and NOTICE files for details.
3 //
4 // SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
5 //
6 // This file is part of CEED:  http://github.com/ceed
7 
8 #define CEED_DEBUG_COLOR 12
9 
10 #include <ceed.h>
11 #include <ceed/backend.h>
12 #include <ceed/jit-tools.h>
13 #include <cuda_runtime.h>
14 
15 #include <iostream>
16 #include <sstream>
17 #include <string>
18 
19 #include "../cuda-ref/ceed-cuda-ref.h"
20 #include "../cuda-shared/ceed-cuda-shared.h"
21 #include "../cuda/ceed-cuda-common.h"
22 #include "../cuda/ceed-cuda-compile.h"
23 #include "ceed-cuda-gen.h"
24 
25 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
26 // Build single operator kernel
27 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
28 extern "C" int CeedOperatorBuildKernel_Cuda_gen(CeedOperator op) {
29   using std::ostringstream;
30   using std::string;
31 
32   bool                      is_setup_done, is_identity_qf;
33   struct cudaDeviceProp     prop;
34   Ceed                      ceed;
35   Ceed_Cuda                *ceed_data;
36   CeedSize                  l_size;
37   CeedInt                   Q, P_1d = 0, Q_1d = 0, elem_size, num_input_fields, num_output_fields, num_comp, dim = 1;
38   CeedEvalMode              eval_mode;
39   CeedElemRestriction       elem_rstr;
40   CeedElemRestriction_Cuda *rstr_data;
41   CeedBasis                 basis;
42   CeedBasis_Cuda_shared    *basis_data;
43   CeedQFunctionField       *qf_input_fields, *qf_output_fields;
44   CeedQFunction_Cuda_gen   *qf_data;
45   CeedQFunction             qf;
46   CeedOperatorField        *op_input_fields, *op_output_fields;
47   CeedOperator_Cuda_gen    *data;
48 
49   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorIsSetupDone(op, &is_setup_done));
50   if (is_setup_done) return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
51 
52   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
53   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &data));
54   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
55   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetData(qf, &qf_data));
56   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumQuadraturePoints(op, &Q));
57   Q_1d = Q;
58   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, &num_input_fields, &op_input_fields, &num_output_fields, &op_output_fields));
59   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_input_fields, NULL, &qf_output_fields));
60 
61   // TODO: put in a function?
62   // Check for restriction only identity operator
63   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionIsIdentity(qf, &is_identity_qf));
64   if (is_identity_qf) {
65     CeedEvalMode eval_mode_in, eval_mode_out;
66 
67     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_input_fields[0], &eval_mode_in));
68     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[0], &eval_mode_out));
69     CeedCheck(eval_mode_in != CEED_EVAL_NONE || eval_mode_out != CEED_EVAL_NONE, ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND,
70               "Backend does not implement restriction only identity operators");
71   }
72 
73   ostringstream code;
74 
75   // TODO: put in a function?
76   // Add atomicAdd function for old NVidia architectures
77   CeedCallBackend(CeedGetData(ceed, &ceed_data));
78   CeedCallBackend(cudaGetDeviceProperties(&prop, ceed_data->device_id));
79   if ((prop.major < 6) && (CEED_SCALAR_TYPE != CEED_SCALAR_FP32)) {
80     char       *atomic_add_source;
81     const char *atomic_add_path;
82 
83     CeedCallBackend(CeedGetJitAbsolutePath(ceed, "ceed/jit-source/cuda/cuda-atomic-add-fallback.h", &atomic_add_path));
84     CeedDebug256(ceed, CEED_DEBUG_COLOR_SUCCESS, "----- Loading Atomic Add Source -----\n");
85     CeedCallBackend(CeedLoadSourceToBuffer(ceed, atomic_add_path, &atomic_add_source));
86     code << atomic_add_source;
87     CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&atomic_add_path));
88     CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&atomic_add_source));
89   }
90 
91   // Load basis source files
92   // TODO: generalize to accept different device functions?
93   {
94     char       *tensor_basis_kernel_source;
95     const char *tensor_basis_kernel_path;
96 
97     CeedCallBackend(CeedGetJitAbsolutePath(ceed, "ceed/jit-source/cuda/cuda-shared-basis-tensor-templates.h", &tensor_basis_kernel_path));
98     CeedDebug256(ceed, CEED_DEBUG_COLOR_SUCCESS, "----- Loading Tensor Basis Kernel Source -----\n");
99     CeedCallBackend(CeedLoadSourceToBuffer(ceed, tensor_basis_kernel_path, &tensor_basis_kernel_source));
100     code << tensor_basis_kernel_source;
101     CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&tensor_basis_kernel_path));
102     CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&tensor_basis_kernel_source));
103   }
104   {
105     char       *cuda_gen_template_source;
106     const char *cuda_gen_template_path;
107 
108     CeedCallBackend(CeedGetJitAbsolutePath(ceed, "ceed/jit-source/cuda/cuda-gen-templates.h", &cuda_gen_template_path));
109     CeedDebug256(ceed, CEED_DEBUG_COLOR_SUCCESS, "----- Loading Cuda-Gen Template Source -----\n");
110     CeedCallBackend(CeedLoadSourceToBuffer(ceed, cuda_gen_template_path, &cuda_gen_template_source));
111     code << cuda_gen_template_source;
112     CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&cuda_gen_template_path));
113     CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&cuda_gen_template_source));
114   }
115 
116   // Get QFunction source and name
117   string qfunction_source(qf_data->qfunction_source);
118   string qfunction_name(qf_data->qfunction_name);
119   string operator_name;
120   operator_name = "CeedKernelCudaGenOperator_" + qfunction_name;
121 
122   // Find dim, P_1d, Q_1d
123   data->max_P_1d = 0;
124   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
125     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_input_fields[i], &basis));
126     if (basis != CEED_BASIS_NONE) {
127       bool is_tensor;
128 
129       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetData(basis, &basis_data));
130       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_input_fields[i], &eval_mode));
131 
132       // Collect dim, P_1d, and Q_1d
133       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetDimension(basis, &dim));
134       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisIsTensor(basis, &is_tensor));
135       CeedCheck(is_tensor, ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "Backend does not implement operators with non-tensor basis");
136       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadraturePoints1D(basis, &Q_1d));
137       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumNodes1D(basis, &P_1d));
138       data->max_P_1d = CeedIntMax(data->max_P_1d, P_1d);
139     }
140   }
141   // Check output bases for Q_1d, dim as well
142   //   The only input basis might be CEED_BASIS_NONE
143   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
144     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_output_fields[i], &basis));
145     if (basis != CEED_BASIS_NONE) {
146       bool is_tensor;
147 
148       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetData(basis, &basis_data));
149       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
150 
151       // Collect Q_1d
152       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetDimension(basis, &dim));
153       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisIsTensor(basis, &is_tensor));
154       CeedCheck(is_tensor, ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "Backend does not implement operators with non-tensor basis");
155       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadraturePoints1D(basis, &Q_1d));
156     }
157   }
158   data->dim  = dim;
159   data->Q_1d = Q_1d;
160 
161   // Only use 3D collocated gradient parallelization strategy when gradient is computed
162   // TODO: put in a function?
163   bool use_collograd_parallelization = false;
164 
165   if (dim == 3) {
166     bool was_grad_found = false;
167 
168     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
169       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_input_fields[i], &eval_mode));
170       if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_GRAD) {
171         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_input_fields[i], &basis));
172         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetData(basis, &basis_data));
173         use_collograd_parallelization = basis_data->d_collo_grad_1d && (was_grad_found ? use_collograd_parallelization : true);
174         was_grad_found                = true;
175       }
176     }
177     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
178       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
179       if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_GRAD) {
180         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_output_fields[i], &basis));
181         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetData(basis, &basis_data));
182         use_collograd_parallelization = basis_data->d_collo_grad_1d && (was_grad_found ? use_collograd_parallelization : true);
183         was_grad_found                = true;
184       }
185     }
186   }
187 
188   // Define CEED_Q_VLA
189   code << "\n#undef CEED_Q_VLA\n";
190   if (dim != 3 || use_collograd_parallelization) {
191     code << "#define CEED_Q_VLA 1\n\n";
192   } else {
193     code << "#define CEED_Q_VLA " << Q_1d << "\n\n";
194   }
195 
196   code << qfunction_source;
197 
198   // Setup
199   code << "\n// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n";
200   code << "\nextern \"C\" __global__ void " << operator_name
201        << "(CeedInt num_elem, void* ctx, FieldsInt_Cuda indices, Fields_Cuda fields, Fields_Cuda B, Fields_Cuda G, CeedScalar* W) {\n";
202   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
203     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_input_fields[i], &eval_mode));
204     if (eval_mode != CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) {  // Skip CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT
205       code << "  const CeedScalar* d_u_" << i << " = fields.inputs[" << i << "];\n";
206     }
207   }
208 
209   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
210     code << "  CeedScalar* d_v_" << i << " = fields.outputs[" << i << "];\n";
211   }
212 
213   code << "  const CeedInt dim = " << dim << ";\n";
214   code << "  const CeedInt Q_1d = " << Q_1d << ";\n";
215 
216   code << "  extern __shared__ CeedScalar slice[];\n";
217   // TODO put in a function? InitSharedData_Cuda?
218   code << "  SharedData_Cuda data;\n";
219   code << "  data.t_id_x = threadIdx.x;\n";
220   code << "  data.t_id_y = threadIdx.y;\n";
221   code << "  data.t_id_z = threadIdx.z;\n";
222   code << "  data.t_id  = threadIdx.x + threadIdx.y*blockDim.x + threadIdx.z*blockDim.y*blockDim.x;\n";
223   code << "  data.slice = slice+data.t_id_z*T_1D" << (dim > 1 ? "*T_1D" : "") << ";\n";
224 
225   code << "\n  // -- Input field constants and basis data --\n";
226   // TODO: Put in a function?
227   // Initialize constants, and matrices B and G
228   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
229     code << "  // ---- Input field " << i << " ----\n";
230     // Get elem_size, eval_mode, num_comp
231     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_input_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
232     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(elem_rstr, &elem_size));
233     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_input_fields[i], &eval_mode));
234     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumComponents(elem_rstr, &num_comp));
235 
236     // Set field constants
237     if (eval_mode != CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) {
238       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_input_fields[i], &basis));
239       if (basis != CEED_BASIS_NONE) {
240         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumNodes1D(basis, &P_1d));
241         code << "  const CeedInt P_in_" << i << " = " << P_1d << ";\n";
242       } else {
243         code << "  const CeedInt P_in_" << i << " = " << Q_1d << ";\n";
244       }
245       code << "  const CeedInt num_comp_in_" << i << " = " << num_comp << ";\n";
246     }
247 
248     // Load basis data
249     code << "  // EvalMode: " << CeedEvalModes[eval_mode] << "\n";
250     switch (eval_mode) {
251       case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
252         break;
253       case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
254         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetData(basis, &basis_data));
255         data->B.inputs[i] = basis_data->d_interp_1d;
256         code << "  __shared__ CeedScalar s_B_in_" << i << "[" << P_1d * Q_1d << "];\n";
257         code << "  loadMatrix<P_in_" << i << ",Q_1d>(data, B.inputs[" << i << "], s_B_in_" << i << ");\n";
258         break;
259       case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
260         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetData(basis, &basis_data));
261         data->B.inputs[i] = basis_data->d_interp_1d;
262         code << "  __shared__ CeedScalar s_B_in_" << i << "[" << P_1d * Q_1d << "];\n";
263         code << "  loadMatrix<P_in_" << i << ",Q_1d>(data, B.inputs[" << i << "], s_B_in_" << i << ");\n";
264         if (use_collograd_parallelization) {
265           data->G.inputs[i] = basis_data->d_collo_grad_1d;
266           code << "  __shared__ CeedScalar s_G_in_" << i << "[" << Q_1d * Q_1d << "];\n";
267           code << "  loadMatrix<Q_1d,Q_1d>(data, G.inputs[" << i << "], s_G_in_" << i << ");\n";
268         } else {
269           bool has_collo_grad = basis_data->d_collo_grad_1d;
270           data->G.inputs[i]   = has_collo_grad ? basis_data->d_collo_grad_1d : basis_data->d_grad_1d;
271           code << "  __shared__ CeedScalar s_G_in_" << i << "[" << Q_1d * (has_collo_grad ? Q_1d : P_1d) << "];\n";
272           code << "  loadMatrix<" << (has_collo_grad ? "Q_1d" : ("P_in_" + std::to_string(i))) << ",Q_1d>(data, G.inputs[" << i << "], s_G_in_" << i
273                << ");\n";
274         }
275         break;
276       case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT:
277         break;  // No action
278       case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
279         break;  // TODO: Not implemented
280       case CEED_EVAL_CURL:
281         break;  // TODO: Not implemented
282     }
283   }
284 
285   code << "\n  // -- Output field constants and basis data --\n";
286   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
287     code << "  // ---- Output field " << i << " ----\n";
288     // Get elem_size, eval_mode, num_comp
289     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_output_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
290     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(elem_rstr, &elem_size));
291     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
292     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumComponents(elem_rstr, &num_comp));
293 
294     // Set field constants
295     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_output_fields[i], &basis));
296     if (basis != CEED_BASIS_NONE) {
297       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumNodes1D(basis, &P_1d));
298       code << "  const CeedInt P_out_" << i << " = " << P_1d << ";\n";
299     } else {
300       code << "  const CeedInt P_out_" << i << " = " << Q_1d << ";\n";
301     }
302     code << "  const CeedInt num_comp_out_" << i << " = " << num_comp << ";\n";
303 
304     // Load basis data
305     code << "  // EvalMode: " << CeedEvalModes[eval_mode] << "\n";
306     switch (eval_mode) {
307       case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
308         break;  // No action
309       case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
310         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetData(basis, &basis_data));
311         data->B.outputs[i] = basis_data->d_interp_1d;
312         code << "  __shared__ CeedScalar s_B_out_" << i << "[" << P_1d * Q_1d << "];\n";
313         code << "  loadMatrix<P_out_" << i << ",Q_1d>(data, B.outputs[" << i << "], s_B_out_" << i << ");\n";
314         break;
315       case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
316         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetData(basis, &basis_data));
317         data->B.outputs[i] = basis_data->d_interp_1d;
318         code << "  __shared__ CeedScalar s_B_out_" << i << "[" << P_1d * Q_1d << "];\n";
319         code << "  loadMatrix<P_out_" << i << ",Q_1d>(data, B.outputs[" << i << "], s_B_out_" << i << ");\n";
320         if (use_collograd_parallelization) {
321           data->G.outputs[i] = basis_data->d_collo_grad_1d;
322           code << "  __shared__ CeedScalar s_G_out_" << i << "[" << Q_1d * Q_1d << "];\n";
323           code << "  loadMatrix<Q_1d,Q_1d>(data, G.outputs[" << i << "], s_G_out_" << i << ");\n";
324         } else {
325           bool has_collo_grad = basis_data->d_collo_grad_1d;
326           data->G.outputs[i]  = has_collo_grad ? basis_data->d_collo_grad_1d : basis_data->d_grad_1d;
327           code << "  __shared__ CeedScalar s_G_out_" << i << "[" << Q_1d * (has_collo_grad ? Q_1d : P_1d) << "];\n";
328           code << "  loadMatrix<" << (has_collo_grad ? "Q_1d" : ("P_out_" + std::to_string(i))) << ",Q_1d>(data, G.outputs[" << i << "], s_G_out_"
329                << i << ");\n";
330         }
331         break;
332       // LCOV_EXCL_START
333       case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT: {
334         return CeedError(CeedOperatorReturnCeed(op), CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT cannot be an output evaluation mode");
335         break;  // Should not occur
336       }
337       case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
338       case CEED_EVAL_CURL: {
339         return CeedError(CeedOperatorReturnCeed(op), CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "%s not supported", CeedEvalModes[eval_mode]);
340         break;  // Should not occur
341       }
342         // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
343     }
344   }
345   code << "\n  // -- Element loop --\n";
346   code << "  __syncthreads();\n";
347   code << "  for (CeedInt elem = blockIdx.x*blockDim.z + threadIdx.z; elem < num_elem; elem += gridDim.x*blockDim.z) {\n";
348   // Input basis apply if needed
349   // Generate the correct eval mode code for each input
350   code << "    // -- Input field restrictions and basis actions --\n";
351   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
352     code << "    // ---- Input field " << i << " ----\n";
353     // Get elem_size, eval_mode, num_comp
354     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_input_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
355     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(elem_rstr, &elem_size));
356     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_input_fields[i], &eval_mode));
357     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumComponents(elem_rstr, &num_comp));
358 
359     // TODO: put in a function?
360     // Restriction
361     if (eval_mode != CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT && !((eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE) && use_collograd_parallelization)) {
362       code << "    CeedScalar r_u_" << i << "[num_comp_in_" << i << "*P_in_" << i << "];\n";
363 
364       bool is_strided;
365 
366       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionIsStrided(elem_rstr, &is_strided));
367       if (!is_strided) {
368         CeedInt comp_stride;
369 
370         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetLVectorSize(elem_rstr, &l_size));
371         code << "    const CeedInt l_size_in_" << i << " = " << l_size << ";\n";
372         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetCompStride(elem_rstr, &comp_stride));
373         code << "    // CompStride: " << comp_stride << "\n";
374         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetData(elem_rstr, &rstr_data));
375         data->indices.inputs[i] = (CeedInt *)rstr_data->d_offsets;
376         code << "    readDofsOffset" << dim << "d<num_comp_in_" << i << ", " << comp_stride << ", P_in_" << i << ">(data, l_size_in_" << i
377              << ", elem, indices.inputs[" << i << "], d_u_" << i << ", r_u_" << i << ");\n";
378       } else {
379         bool    has_backend_strides;
380         CeedInt num_elem;
381 
382         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionHasBackendStrides(elem_rstr, &has_backend_strides));
383         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumElements(elem_rstr, &num_elem));
384         CeedInt strides[3] = {1, elem_size * num_elem, elem_size};
385 
386         if (!has_backend_strides) {
387           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetStrides(elem_rstr, strides));
388         }
389         code << "    // Strides: {" << strides[0] << ", " << strides[1] << ", " << strides[2] << "}\n";
390         code << "    readDofsStrided" << dim << "d<num_comp_in_" << i << ",P_in_" << i << "," << strides[0] << "," << strides[1] << "," << strides[2]
391              << ">(data, elem, d_u_" << i << ", r_u_" << i << ");\n";
392       }
393     }
394 
395     // TODO: put in a function?
396     // Basis action
397     code << "    // EvalMode: " << CeedEvalModes[eval_mode] << "\n";
398     switch (eval_mode) {
399       case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
400         if (!use_collograd_parallelization) {
401           code << "    CeedScalar* r_t_" << i << " = r_u_" << i << ";\n";
402         }
403         break;
404       case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
405         code << "    CeedScalar r_t_" << i << "[num_comp_in_" << i << "*Q_1d];\n";
406         code << "    Interp" << (dim > 1 ? "Tensor" : "") << dim << "d<num_comp_in_" << i << ",P_in_" << i << ",Q_1d>(data, r_u_" << i << ", s_B_in_"
407              << i << ", r_t_" << i << ");\n";
408         break;
409       case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
410         if (use_collograd_parallelization) {
411           code << "    CeedScalar r_t_" << i << "[num_comp_in_" << i << "*Q_1d];\n";
412           code << "    Interp" << (dim > 1 ? "Tensor" : "") << dim << "d<num_comp_in_" << i << ",P_in_" << i << ",Q_1d>(data, r_u_" << i
413                << ", s_B_in_" << i << ", r_t_" << i << ");\n";
414         } else {
415           CeedInt P_1d;
416 
417           CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_input_fields[i], &basis));
418           CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumNodes1D(basis, &P_1d));
419           code << "    CeedScalar r_t_" << i << "[num_comp_in_" << i << "*dim*Q_1d];\n";
420           code << "    Grad" << (dim > 1 ? "Tensor" : "") << (dim == 3 && Q_1d >= P_1d ? "Collocated" : "") << dim << "d<num_comp_in_" << i
421                << ",P_in_" << i << ",Q_1d>(data, r_u_" << i << ", s_B_in_" << i << ", s_G_in_" << i << ", r_t_" << i << ");\n";
422         }
423         break;
424       case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT:
425         code << "    CeedScalar r_t_" << i << "[Q_1d];\n";
426         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_input_fields[i], &basis));
427         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetData(basis, &basis_data));
428         data->W = basis_data->d_q_weight_1d;
429         code << "    Weight" << (dim > 1 ? "Tensor" : "") << dim << "d<Q_1d>(data, W, r_t_" << i << ");\n";
430         break;  // No action
431       case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
432         break;  // TODO: Not implemented
433       case CEED_EVAL_CURL:
434         break;  // TODO: Not implemented
435     }
436   }
437 
438   // TODO: put in a function + separate collograd logic
439   // Q function
440   code << "\n    // -- Output field setup --\n";
441   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
442     code << "\n    // ---- Output field " << i << " ----\n";
443     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
444     if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_GRAD) {
445       if (use_collograd_parallelization) {
446         // Accumulator for gradient slices
447         code << "    CeedScalar r_tt_" << i << "[num_comp_out_" << i << "*Q_1d];\n";
448         code << "    for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_comp_out_" << i << "; i++) {\n";
449         code << "      for (CeedInt j = 0; j < Q_1d; ++j) {\n";
450         code << "        r_tt_" << i << "[j + i*Q_1d] = 0.0;\n";
451         code << "      }\n";
452         code << "    }\n";
453       } else {
454         code << "    CeedScalar r_tt_" << i << "[num_comp_out_" << i << "*dim*Q_1d];\n";
455       }
456     }
457     if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE || eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_INTERP) {
458       code << "    CeedScalar r_tt_" << i << "[num_comp_out_" << i << "*Q_1d];\n";
459     }
460   }
461   // We treat quadrature points per slice in 3d to save registers
462   if (use_collograd_parallelization) {
463     code << "\n    // Note: Using planes of 3D elements\n";
464     code << "#pragma unroll\n";
465     code << "    for (CeedInt q = 0; q < Q_1d; q++) {\n";
466     code << "      // -- Input fields --\n";
467     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
468       code << "      // ---- Input field " << i << " ----\n";
469       // Get elem_size, eval_mode, num_comp
470       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_input_fields[i], &eval_mode));
471       // Basis action
472       code << "      // EvalMode: " << CeedEvalModes[eval_mode] << "\n";
473       switch (eval_mode) {
474         case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
475           bool is_strided;
476 
477           code << "      CeedScalar r_q_" << i << "[num_comp_in_" << i << "];\n";
478 
479           CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_input_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
480           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionIsStrided(elem_rstr, &is_strided));
481           if (!is_strided) {
482             CeedInt comp_stride;
483 
484             CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetLVectorSize(elem_rstr, &l_size));
485             code << "      const CeedInt l_size_in_" << i << " = " << l_size << ";\n";
486             CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetCompStride(elem_rstr, &comp_stride));
487             code << "      // CompStride: " << comp_stride << "\n";
488             CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetData(elem_rstr, &rstr_data));
489             data->indices.inputs[i] = (CeedInt *)rstr_data->d_offsets;
490             code << "      readSliceQuadsOffset"
491                  << "3d<num_comp_in_" << i << ", " << comp_stride << ", Q_1d>(data, l_size_in_" << i << ", elem, q, indices.inputs[" << i << "], d_u_"
492                  << i << ", r_q_" << i << ");\n";
493           } else {
494             bool    has_backend_strides;
495             CeedInt num_elem;
496 
497             CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(elem_rstr, &elem_size));
498             CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionHasBackendStrides(elem_rstr, &has_backend_strides));
499             CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumElements(elem_rstr, &num_elem));
500             CeedInt strides[3] = {1, elem_size * num_elem, elem_size};
501 
502             if (!has_backend_strides) {
503               CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetStrides(elem_rstr, strides));
504             }
505             code << "      // Strides: {" << strides[0] << ", " << strides[1] << ", " << strides[2] << "}\n";
506             code << "      readSliceQuadsStrided"
507                  << "3d<num_comp_in_" << i
508                  << ",Q_1d"
509                     ","
510                  << strides[0] << "," << strides[1] << "," << strides[2] << ">(data, elem, q, d_u_" << i << ", r_q_" << i << ");\n";
511           }
512           break;
513         case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
514           code << "      CeedScalar r_q_" << i << "[num_comp_in_" << i << "];\n";
515           code << "      for (CeedInt j = 0; j < num_comp_in_" << i << " ; ++j) {\n";
516           code << "        r_q_" << i << "[j] = r_t_" << i << "[q + j*Q_1d];\n";
517           code << "      }\n";
518           break;
519         case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
520           code << "      CeedScalar r_q_" << i << "[num_comp_in_" << i << "*dim];\n";
521           code << "      gradCollo3d<num_comp_in_" << i << ",Q_1d>(data, q, r_t_" << i << ", s_G_in_" << i << ", r_q_" << i << ");\n";
522           break;
523         case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT:
524           code << "      CeedScalar r_q_" << i << "[1];\n";
525           code << "      r_q_" << i << "[0] = r_t_" << i << "[q];\n";
526           break;  // No action
527         case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
528           break;  // TODO: Not implemented
529         case CEED_EVAL_CURL:
530           break;  // TODO: Not implemented
531       }
532     }
533     code << "\n      // -- Output fields --\n";
534     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
535       code << "      // ---- Output field " << i << " ----\n";
536       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
537       // Basis action
538       switch (eval_mode) {
539         case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
540           code << "      CeedScalar r_qq_" << i << "[num_comp_out_" << i << "];\n";
541           break;  // No action
542         case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
543           code << "      CeedScalar r_qq_" << i << "[num_comp_out_" << i << "];\n";
544           break;
545         case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
546           code << "      CeedScalar r_qq_" << i << "[num_comp_out_" << i << "*dim];\n";
547           break;
548         case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT:
549           break;  // Should not occur
550         case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
551           break;  // TODO: Not implemented
552         case CEED_EVAL_CURL:
553           break;  // TODO: Not implemented
554       }
555     }
556   } else {
557     code << "\n      // Note: Using full elements\n";
558     code << "      // -- Input fields --\n";
559     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
560       code << "      // ---- Input field " << i << " ----\n";
561       code << "      CeedScalar* r_q_" << i << " = r_t_" << i << ";\n";
562     }
563     code << "      // -- Output fields --\n";
564     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
565       code << "      // ---- Output field " << i << " ----\n";
566       code << "      CeedScalar* r_qq_" << i << " = r_tt_" << i << ";\n";
567     }
568   }
569   code << "\n      // -- QFunction Inputs and outputs --\n";
570   code << "      CeedScalar* in[" << num_input_fields << "];\n";
571   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
572     code << "      // ---- Input field " << i << " ----\n";
573     code << "      in[" << i << "] = r_q_" << i << ";\n";
574   }
575   code << "      CeedScalar* out[" << num_output_fields << "];\n";
576   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
577     code << "      // ---- Output field " << i << " ----\n";
578     code << "      out[" << i << "] = r_qq_" << i << ";\n";
579   }
580   code << "\n      // -- Apply QFunction --\n";
581   code << "      " << qfunction_name << "(ctx, ";
582   if (dim != 3 || use_collograd_parallelization) {
583     code << "1";
584   } else {
585     code << "Q_1d";
586   }
587   code << ", in, out);\n";
588   if (use_collograd_parallelization) {
589     code << "      // -- Output fields --\n";
590     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
591       code << "      // ---- Output field " << i << " ----\n";
592       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
593       // Basis action
594       code << "      // EvalMode: " << CeedEvalModes[eval_mode] << "\n";
595       switch (eval_mode) {
596         case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
597           code << "      for (CeedInt j = 0; j < num_comp_out_" << i << " ; ++j) {\n";
598           code << "        r_tt_" << i << "[q + j*Q_1d] = r_qq_" << i << "[j];\n";
599           code << "      }\n";
600           break;  // No action
601         case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
602           code << "      for (CeedInt j = 0; j < num_comp_out_" << i << " ; ++j) {\n";
603           code << "        r_tt_" << i << "[q + j*Q_1d] = r_qq_" << i << "[j];\n";
604           code << "      }\n";
605           break;
606         case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
607           code << "      gradColloTranspose3d<num_comp_out_" << i << ",Q_1d>(data, q, r_qq_" << i << ", s_G_out_" << i << ", r_tt_" << i << ");\n";
608           break;
609         case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT:
610           break;  // Should not occur
611         case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
612           break;  // TODO: Not implemented
613         case CEED_EVAL_CURL:
614           break;  // TODO: Not implemented
615       }
616     }
617     code << "    }\n";
618   }
619 
620   // Output basis apply if needed
621   // Generate the correct eval mode code for each output
622   code << "\n    // -- Output field basis action and restrictions --\n";
623   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
624     code << "    // ---- Output field " << i << " ----\n";
625     // Get elem_size, eval_mode, num_comp
626     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_output_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
627     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(elem_rstr, &elem_size));
628     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
629     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumComponents(elem_rstr, &num_comp));
630     // TODO put in a function
631     // Basis action
632     code << "    // EvalMode: " << CeedEvalModes[eval_mode] << "\n";
633     switch (eval_mode) {
634       case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
635         code << "    CeedScalar* r_v_" << i << " = r_tt_" << i << ";\n";
636         break;  // No action
637       case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
638         code << "    CeedScalar r_v_" << i << "[num_comp_out_" << i << "*P_out_" << i << "];\n";
639         code << "    InterpTranspose" << (dim > 1 ? "Tensor" : "") << dim << "d<num_comp_out_" << i << ",P_out_" << i << ",Q_1d>(data, r_tt_" << i
640              << ", s_B_out_" << i << ", r_v_" << i << ");\n";
641         break;
642       case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
643         code << "    CeedScalar r_v_" << i << "[num_comp_out_" << i << "*P_out_" << i << "];\n";
644         if (use_collograd_parallelization) {
645           code << "    InterpTranspose" << (dim > 1 ? "Tensor" : "") << dim << "d<num_comp_out_" << i << ",P_out_" << i << ",Q_1d>(data, r_tt_" << i
646                << ", s_B_out_" << i << ", r_v_" << i << ");\n";
647         } else {
648           CeedInt P_1d;
649           CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_output_fields[i], &basis));
650           CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumNodes1D(basis, &P_1d));
651           code << "    GradTranspose" << (dim > 1 ? "Tensor" : "") << (dim == 3 && Q_1d >= P_1d ? "Collocated" : "") << dim << "d<num_comp_out_" << i
652                << ",P_out_" << i << ",Q_1d>(data, r_tt_" << i << ", s_B_out_" << i << ", s_G_out_" << i << ", r_v_" << i << ");\n";
653         }
654         break;
655       // LCOV_EXCL_START
656       case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT: {
657         return CeedError(CeedOperatorReturnCeed(op), CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT cannot be an output evaluation mode");
658         break;  // Should not occur
659       }
660       case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
661       case CEED_EVAL_CURL: {
662         return CeedError(CeedOperatorReturnCeed(op), CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "%s not supported", CeedEvalModes[eval_mode]);
663         break;  // Should not occur
664       }
665         // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
666     }
667     // TODO put in a function
668     // Restriction
669     bool is_strided;
670     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionIsStrided(elem_rstr, &is_strided));
671     if (!is_strided) {
672       CeedInt comp_stride;
673 
674       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetLVectorSize(elem_rstr, &l_size));
675       code << "    const CeedInt l_size_out_" << i << " = " << l_size << ";\n";
676       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetCompStride(elem_rstr, &comp_stride));
677       code << "    // CompStride: " << comp_stride << "\n";
678       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetData(elem_rstr, &rstr_data));
679       data->indices.outputs[i] = (CeedInt *)rstr_data->d_offsets;
680       code << "    writeDofsOffset" << dim << "d<num_comp_out_" << i << ", " << comp_stride << ", P_out_" << i << ">(data, l_size_out_" << i
681            << ", elem, indices.outputs[" << i << "], r_v_" << i << ", d_v_" << i << ");\n";
682     } else {
683       bool    has_backend_strides;
684       CeedInt num_elem;
685 
686       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionHasBackendStrides(elem_rstr, &has_backend_strides));
687       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumElements(elem_rstr, &num_elem));
688       CeedInt strides[3] = {1, elem_size * num_elem, elem_size};
689 
690       if (!has_backend_strides) {
691         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetStrides(elem_rstr, strides));
692       }
693       code << "    // Strides: {" << strides[0] << ", " << strides[1] << ", " << strides[2] << "}\n";
694       code << "    writeDofsStrided" << dim << "d<num_comp_out_" << i << ",P_out_" << i << "," << strides[0] << "," << strides[1] << "," << strides[2]
695            << ">(data, elem, r_v_" << i << ", d_v_" << i << ");\n";
696     }
697   }
698 
699   code << "  }\n";
700   code << "}\n";
701   code << "// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n\n";
702 
703   // View kernel for debugging
704   CeedDebug256(ceed, CEED_DEBUG_COLOR_SUCCESS, "Generated Operator Kernels:\n");
705   CeedDebug(ceed, code.str().c_str());
706 
707   CeedCallBackend(CeedCompile_Cuda(ceed, code.str().c_str(), &data->module, 1, "T_1D", CeedIntMax(Q_1d, data->max_P_1d)));
708   CeedCallBackend(CeedGetKernel_Cuda(ceed, data->module, operator_name.c_str(), &data->op));
709 
710   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetSetupDone(op));
711   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
712 }
713 
714 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
715