xref: /libCEED/backends/cuda-ref/ceed-cuda-ref-basis.c (revision afeb93e9a539977d805c4dfebb022b4afb833c26)
1 // Copyright (c) 2017-2025, Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC and other CEED contributors.
2 // All Rights Reserved. See the top-level LICENSE and NOTICE files for details.
3 //
4 // SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
5 //
6 // This file is part of CEED:  http://github.com/ceed
7 
8 #include <ceed.h>
9 #include <ceed/backend.h>
10 #include <ceed/jit-tools.h>
11 #include <cuda.h>
12 #include <cuda_runtime.h>
13 #include <string.h>
14 
15 #include "../cuda/ceed-cuda-common.h"
16 #include "../cuda/ceed-cuda-compile.h"
17 #include "ceed-cuda-ref.h"
18 
19 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
20 // Basis apply - tensor
21 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
22 static int CeedBasisApplyCore_Cuda(CeedBasis basis, bool apply_add, const CeedInt num_elem, CeedTransposeMode t_mode, CeedEvalMode eval_mode,
23                                    CeedVector u, CeedVector v) {
24   Ceed              ceed;
25   CeedInt           Q_1d, dim;
26   const CeedInt     is_transpose   = t_mode == CEED_TRANSPOSE;
27   const int         max_block_size = 32;
28   const CeedScalar *d_u;
29   CeedScalar       *d_v;
30   CeedBasis_Cuda   *data;
31 
32   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetCeed(basis, &ceed));
33   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetData(basis, &data));
34 
35   // Get read/write access to u, v
36   if (u != CEED_VECTOR_NONE) CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayRead(u, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &d_u));
37   else CeedCheck(eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT, ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "An input vector is required for this CeedEvalMode");
38   if (apply_add) {
39     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArray(v, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &d_v));
40   } else {
41     // Clear v for transpose operation
42     if (is_transpose) CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValue(v, 0.0));
43     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayWrite(v, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &d_v));
44   }
45   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadraturePoints1D(basis, &Q_1d));
46   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetDimension(basis, &dim));
47 
48   // Basis action
49   switch (eval_mode) {
50     case CEED_EVAL_INTERP: {
51       void         *interp_args[] = {(void *)&num_elem, (void *)&is_transpose, &data->d_interp_1d, &d_u, &d_v};
52       const CeedInt block_size    = CeedIntMin(CeedIntPow(Q_1d, dim), max_block_size);
53 
54       CeedCallBackend(CeedRunKernel_Cuda(ceed, data->Interp, num_elem, block_size, interp_args));
55     } break;
56     case CEED_EVAL_GRAD: {
57       void         *grad_args[] = {(void *)&num_elem, (void *)&is_transpose, &data->d_interp_1d, &data->d_grad_1d, &d_u, &d_v};
58       const CeedInt block_size  = max_block_size;
59 
60       CeedCallBackend(CeedRunKernel_Cuda(ceed, data->Grad, num_elem, block_size, grad_args));
61     } break;
62     case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT: {
63       CeedCheck(data->d_q_weight_1d, ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "%s not supported; q_weights_1d not set", CeedEvalModes[eval_mode]);
64       void     *weight_args[] = {(void *)&num_elem, (void *)&data->d_q_weight_1d, &d_v};
65       const int block_size_x  = Q_1d;
66       const int block_size_y  = dim >= 2 ? Q_1d : 1;
67 
68       CeedCallBackend(CeedRunKernelDim_Cuda(ceed, data->Weight, num_elem, block_size_x, block_size_y, 1, weight_args));
69     } break;
70     case CEED_EVAL_NONE: /* handled separately below */
71       break;
72     // LCOV_EXCL_START
73     case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
74     case CEED_EVAL_CURL:
75       return CeedError(ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "%s not supported", CeedEvalModes[eval_mode]);
76       // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
77   }
78 
79   // Restore vectors, cover CEED_EVAL_NONE
80   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArray(v, &d_v));
81   if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE) CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetArray(v, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, CEED_COPY_VALUES, (CeedScalar *)d_u));
82   if (eval_mode != CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArrayRead(u, &d_u));
83   CeedCallBackend(CeedDestroy(&ceed));
84   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
85 }
86 
87 static int CeedBasisApply_Cuda(CeedBasis basis, const CeedInt num_elem, CeedTransposeMode t_mode, CeedEvalMode eval_mode, CeedVector u,
88                                CeedVector v) {
89   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisApplyCore_Cuda(basis, false, num_elem, t_mode, eval_mode, u, v));
90   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
91 }
92 
93 static int CeedBasisApplyAdd_Cuda(CeedBasis basis, const CeedInt num_elem, CeedTransposeMode t_mode, CeedEvalMode eval_mode, CeedVector u,
94                                   CeedVector v) {
95   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisApplyCore_Cuda(basis, true, num_elem, t_mode, eval_mode, u, v));
96   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
97 }
98 
99 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
100 // Basis apply - tensor AtPoints
101 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
102 static int CeedBasisApplyAtPointsCore_Cuda(CeedBasis basis, bool apply_add, const CeedInt num_elem, const CeedInt *num_points,
103                                            CeedTransposeMode t_mode, CeedEvalMode eval_mode, CeedVector x_ref, CeedVector u, CeedVector v) {
104   Ceed              ceed;
105   CeedInt           Q_1d, dim, max_num_points = num_points[0];
106   const CeedInt     is_transpose   = t_mode == CEED_TRANSPOSE;
107   const int         max_block_size = 32;
108   const CeedScalar *d_x, *d_u;
109   CeedScalar       *d_v;
110   CeedBasis_Cuda   *data;
111 
112   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetData(basis, &data));
113   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadraturePoints1D(basis, &Q_1d));
114   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetDimension(basis, &dim));
115 
116   // Weight handled separately
117   if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) {
118     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValue(v, 1.0));
119     return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
120   }
121 
122   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetCeed(basis, &ceed));
123 
124   // Check padded to uniform number of points per elem
125   for (CeedInt i = 1; i < num_elem; i++) max_num_points = CeedIntMax(max_num_points, num_points[i]);
126   {
127     CeedInt  num_comp, q_comp;
128     CeedSize len, len_required;
129 
130     CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumComponents(basis, &num_comp));
131     CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis, eval_mode, &q_comp));
132     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetLength(is_transpose ? u : v, &len));
133     len_required = (CeedSize)num_comp * (CeedSize)q_comp * (CeedSize)num_elem * (CeedSize)max_num_points;
134     CeedCheck(len >= len_required, ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND,
135               "Vector at points must be padded to the same number of points in each element for BasisApplyAtPoints on GPU backends."
136               " Found %" CeedSize_FMT ", Required %" CeedSize_FMT,
137               len, len_required);
138   }
139 
140   // Move num_points array to device
141   if (is_transpose) {
142     const CeedInt num_bytes = num_elem * sizeof(CeedInt);
143 
144     if (num_elem != data->num_elem_at_points) {
145       data->num_elem_at_points = num_elem;
146 
147       if (data->d_points_per_elem) CeedCallCuda(ceed, cudaFree(data->d_points_per_elem));
148       CeedCallCuda(ceed, cudaMalloc((void **)&data->d_points_per_elem, num_bytes));
149       CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&data->h_points_per_elem));
150       CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_elem, &data->h_points_per_elem));
151     }
152     if (memcmp(data->h_points_per_elem, num_points, num_bytes)) {
153       memcpy(data->h_points_per_elem, num_points, num_bytes);
154       CeedCallCuda(ceed, cudaMemcpy(data->d_points_per_elem, num_points, num_bytes, cudaMemcpyHostToDevice));
155     }
156   }
157 
158   // Build kernels if needed
159   if (data->num_points != max_num_points) {
160     CeedInt P_1d;
161 
162     CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumNodes1D(basis, &P_1d));
163     data->num_points = max_num_points;
164 
165     // -- Create interp matrix to Chebyshev coefficients
166     if (!data->d_chebyshev_interp_1d) {
167       CeedSize    interp_bytes;
168       CeedScalar *chebyshev_interp_1d;
169 
170       interp_bytes = P_1d * Q_1d * sizeof(CeedScalar);
171       CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(P_1d * Q_1d, &chebyshev_interp_1d));
172       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetChebyshevInterp1D(basis, chebyshev_interp_1d));
173       CeedCallCuda(ceed, cudaMalloc((void **)&data->d_chebyshev_interp_1d, interp_bytes));
174       CeedCallCuda(ceed, cudaMemcpy(data->d_chebyshev_interp_1d, chebyshev_interp_1d, interp_bytes, cudaMemcpyHostToDevice));
175       CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&chebyshev_interp_1d));
176     }
177 
178     // -- Compile kernels
179     const char basis_kernel_source[] = "// AtPoints basis source\n#include <ceed/jit-source/cuda/cuda-ref-basis-tensor-at-points.h>\n";
180     CeedInt    num_comp;
181 
182     if (data->moduleAtPoints) CeedCallCuda(ceed, cuModuleUnload(data->moduleAtPoints));
183     CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumComponents(basis, &num_comp));
184     CeedCallBackend(CeedCompile_Cuda(ceed, basis_kernel_source, &data->moduleAtPoints, 9, "BASIS_Q_1D", Q_1d, "BASIS_P_1D", P_1d, "BASIS_BUF_LEN",
185                                      Q_1d * CeedIntPow(Q_1d > P_1d ? Q_1d : P_1d, dim - 1), "BASIS_DIM", dim, "BASIS_NUM_COMP", num_comp,
186                                      "BASIS_NUM_NODES", CeedIntPow(P_1d, dim), "BASIS_NUM_QPTS", CeedIntPow(Q_1d, dim), "BASIS_NUM_PTS",
187                                      max_num_points, "POINTS_BUFF_LEN", CeedIntPow(Q_1d, dim - 1)));
188     CeedCallBackend(CeedGetKernel_Cuda(ceed, data->moduleAtPoints, "InterpAtPoints", &data->InterpAtPoints));
189     CeedCallBackend(CeedGetKernel_Cuda(ceed, data->moduleAtPoints, "InterpTransposeAtPoints", &data->InterpTransposeAtPoints));
190     CeedCallBackend(CeedGetKernel_Cuda(ceed, data->moduleAtPoints, "GradAtPoints", &data->GradAtPoints));
191     CeedCallBackend(CeedGetKernel_Cuda(ceed, data->moduleAtPoints, "GradTransposeAtPoints", &data->GradTransposeAtPoints));
192   }
193 
194   // Get read/write access to u, v
195   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayRead(x_ref, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &d_x));
196   if (u != CEED_VECTOR_NONE) CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayRead(u, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &d_u));
197   else CeedCheck(eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT, ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "An input vector is required for this CeedEvalMode");
198   if (apply_add) {
199     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArray(v, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &d_v));
200   } else {
201     // Clear v for transpose operation
202     if (is_transpose) CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValue(v, 0.0));
203     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayWrite(v, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &d_v));
204   }
205 
206   // Basis action
207   switch (eval_mode) {
208     case CEED_EVAL_INTERP: {
209       void         *interp_args[] = {(void *)&num_elem, &data->d_chebyshev_interp_1d, &data->d_points_per_elem, &d_x, &d_u, &d_v};
210       const CeedInt block_size    = CeedIntMin(CeedIntPow(Q_1d, dim), max_block_size);
211 
212       CeedCallBackend(CeedRunKernel_Cuda(ceed, is_transpose ? data->InterpTransposeAtPoints : data->InterpAtPoints, num_elem, block_size,
213                                          interp_args));
214     } break;
215     case CEED_EVAL_GRAD: {
216       void         *grad_args[] = {(void *)&num_elem, &data->d_chebyshev_interp_1d, &data->d_points_per_elem, &d_x, &d_u, &d_v};
217       const CeedInt block_size  = CeedIntMin(CeedIntPow(Q_1d, dim), max_block_size);
218 
219       CeedCallBackend(CeedRunKernel_Cuda(ceed, is_transpose ? data->GradTransposeAtPoints : data->GradAtPoints, num_elem, block_size, grad_args));
220     } break;
221     case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT:
222     case CEED_EVAL_NONE: /* handled separately below */
223       break;
224     // LCOV_EXCL_START
225     case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
226     case CEED_EVAL_CURL:
227       return CeedError(ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "%s not supported", CeedEvalModes[eval_mode]);
228       // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
229   }
230 
231   // Restore vectors, cover CEED_EVAL_NONE
232   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArrayRead(x_ref, &d_x));
233   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArray(v, &d_v));
234   if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE) CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetArray(v, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, CEED_COPY_VALUES, (CeedScalar *)d_u));
235   if (eval_mode != CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArrayRead(u, &d_u));
236   CeedCallBackend(CeedDestroy(&ceed));
237   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
238 }
239 
240 static int CeedBasisApplyAtPoints_Cuda(CeedBasis basis, const CeedInt num_elem, const CeedInt *num_points, CeedTransposeMode t_mode,
241                                        CeedEvalMode eval_mode, CeedVector x_ref, CeedVector u, CeedVector v) {
242   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisApplyAtPointsCore_Cuda(basis, false, num_elem, num_points, t_mode, eval_mode, x_ref, u, v));
243   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
244 }
245 
246 static int CeedBasisApplyAddAtPoints_Cuda(CeedBasis basis, const CeedInt num_elem, const CeedInt *num_points, CeedTransposeMode t_mode,
247                                           CeedEvalMode eval_mode, CeedVector x_ref, CeedVector u, CeedVector v) {
248   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisApplyAtPointsCore_Cuda(basis, true, num_elem, num_points, t_mode, eval_mode, x_ref, u, v));
249   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
250 }
251 
252 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
253 // Basis apply - non-tensor
254 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
255 static int CeedBasisApplyNonTensorCore_Cuda(CeedBasis basis, bool apply_add, const CeedInt num_elem, CeedTransposeMode t_mode, CeedEvalMode eval_mode,
256                                             CeedVector u, CeedVector v) {
257   Ceed                     ceed;
258   CeedInt                  num_nodes, num_qpts;
259   const CeedInt            is_transpose    = t_mode == CEED_TRANSPOSE;
260   const int                elems_per_block = 1;
261   const int                grid            = CeedDivUpInt(num_elem, elems_per_block);
262   const CeedScalar        *d_u;
263   CeedScalar              *d_v;
264   CeedBasisNonTensor_Cuda *data;
265 
266   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetCeed(basis, &ceed));
267   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetData(basis, &data));
268   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadraturePoints(basis, &num_qpts));
269   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumNodes(basis, &num_nodes));
270 
271   // Get read/write access to u, v
272   if (u != CEED_VECTOR_NONE) CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayRead(u, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &d_u));
273   else CeedCheck(eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT, ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "An input vector is required for this CeedEvalMode");
274   if (apply_add) {
275     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArray(v, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &d_v));
276   } else {
277     // Clear v for transpose operation
278     if (is_transpose) CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValue(v, 0.0));
279     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayWrite(v, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &d_v));
280   }
281 
282   // Apply basis operation
283   switch (eval_mode) {
284     case CEED_EVAL_INTERP: {
285       void     *interp_args[] = {(void *)&num_elem, &data->d_interp, &d_u, &d_v};
286       const int block_size_x  = is_transpose ? num_nodes : num_qpts;
287 
288       if (is_transpose) {
289         CeedCallBackend(CeedRunKernelDim_Cuda(ceed, data->InterpTranspose, grid, block_size_x, 1, elems_per_block, interp_args));
290       } else {
291         CeedCallBackend(CeedRunKernelDim_Cuda(ceed, data->Interp, grid, block_size_x, 1, elems_per_block, interp_args));
292       }
293     } break;
294     case CEED_EVAL_GRAD: {
295       void     *grad_args[]  = {(void *)&num_elem, &data->d_grad, &d_u, &d_v};
296       const int block_size_x = is_transpose ? num_nodes : num_qpts;
297 
298       if (is_transpose) {
299         CeedCallBackend(CeedRunKernelDim_Cuda(ceed, data->DerivTranspose, grid, block_size_x, 1, elems_per_block, grad_args));
300       } else {
301         CeedCallBackend(CeedRunKernelDim_Cuda(ceed, data->Deriv, grid, block_size_x, 1, elems_per_block, grad_args));
302       }
303     } break;
304     case CEED_EVAL_DIV: {
305       void     *div_args[]   = {(void *)&num_elem, &data->d_div, &d_u, &d_v};
306       const int block_size_x = is_transpose ? num_nodes : num_qpts;
307 
308       if (is_transpose) {
309         CeedCallBackend(CeedRunKernelDim_Cuda(ceed, data->DerivTranspose, grid, block_size_x, 1, elems_per_block, div_args));
310       } else {
311         CeedCallBackend(CeedRunKernelDim_Cuda(ceed, data->Deriv, grid, block_size_x, 1, elems_per_block, div_args));
312       }
313     } break;
314     case CEED_EVAL_CURL: {
315       void     *curl_args[]  = {(void *)&num_elem, &data->d_curl, &d_u, &d_v};
316       const int block_size_x = is_transpose ? num_nodes : num_qpts;
317 
318       if (is_transpose) {
319         CeedCallBackend(CeedRunKernelDim_Cuda(ceed, data->DerivTranspose, grid, block_size_x, 1, elems_per_block, curl_args));
320       } else {
321         CeedCallBackend(CeedRunKernelDim_Cuda(ceed, data->Deriv, grid, block_size_x, 1, elems_per_block, curl_args));
322       }
323     } break;
324     case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT: {
325       CeedCheck(data->d_q_weight, ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "%s not supported; q_weights not set", CeedEvalModes[eval_mode]);
326       void *weight_args[] = {(void *)&num_elem, (void *)&data->d_q_weight, &d_v};
327 
328       CeedCallBackend(CeedRunKernelDim_Cuda(ceed, data->Weight, grid, num_qpts, 1, elems_per_block, weight_args));
329     } break;
330     case CEED_EVAL_NONE: /* handled separately below */
331       break;
332   }
333 
334   // Restore vectors, cover CEED_EVAL_NONE
335   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArray(v, &d_v));
336   if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE) CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetArray(v, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, CEED_COPY_VALUES, (CeedScalar *)d_u));
337   if (eval_mode != CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArrayRead(u, &d_u));
338   CeedCallBackend(CeedDestroy(&ceed));
339   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
340 }
341 
342 static int CeedBasisApplyNonTensor_Cuda(CeedBasis basis, const CeedInt num_elem, CeedTransposeMode t_mode, CeedEvalMode eval_mode, CeedVector u,
343                                         CeedVector v) {
344   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisApplyNonTensorCore_Cuda(basis, false, num_elem, t_mode, eval_mode, u, v));
345   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
346 }
347 
348 static int CeedBasisApplyAddNonTensor_Cuda(CeedBasis basis, const CeedInt num_elem, CeedTransposeMode t_mode, CeedEvalMode eval_mode, CeedVector u,
349                                            CeedVector v) {
350   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisApplyNonTensorCore_Cuda(basis, true, num_elem, t_mode, eval_mode, u, v));
351   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
352 }
353 
354 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
355 // Destroy tensor basis
356 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
357 static int CeedBasisDestroy_Cuda(CeedBasis basis) {
358   Ceed            ceed;
359   CeedBasis_Cuda *data;
360 
361   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetCeed(basis, &ceed));
362   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetData(basis, &data));
363   CeedCallCuda(ceed, cuModuleUnload(data->module));
364   if (data->moduleAtPoints) CeedCallCuda(ceed, cuModuleUnload(data->moduleAtPoints));
365   if (data->d_q_weight_1d) CeedCallCuda(ceed, cudaFree(data->d_q_weight_1d));
366   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&data->h_points_per_elem));
367   if (data->d_points_per_elem) CeedCallCuda(ceed, cudaFree(data->d_points_per_elem));
368   CeedCallCuda(ceed, cudaFree(data->d_interp_1d));
369   CeedCallCuda(ceed, cudaFree(data->d_grad_1d));
370   CeedCallCuda(ceed, cudaFree(data->d_chebyshev_interp_1d));
371   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&data));
372   CeedCallBackend(CeedDestroy(&ceed));
373   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
374 }
375 
376 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
377 // Destroy non-tensor basis
378 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
379 static int CeedBasisDestroyNonTensor_Cuda(CeedBasis basis) {
380   Ceed                     ceed;
381   CeedBasisNonTensor_Cuda *data;
382 
383   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetCeed(basis, &ceed));
384   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetData(basis, &data));
385   CeedCallCuda(ceed, cuModuleUnload(data->module));
386   if (data->d_q_weight) CeedCallCuda(ceed, cudaFree(data->d_q_weight));
387   CeedCallCuda(ceed, cudaFree(data->d_interp));
388   CeedCallCuda(ceed, cudaFree(data->d_grad));
389   CeedCallCuda(ceed, cudaFree(data->d_div));
390   CeedCallCuda(ceed, cudaFree(data->d_curl));
391   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&data));
392   CeedCallBackend(CeedDestroy(&ceed));
393   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
394 }
395 
396 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
397 // Create tensor
398 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
399 int CeedBasisCreateTensorH1_Cuda(CeedInt dim, CeedInt P_1d, CeedInt Q_1d, const CeedScalar *interp_1d, const CeedScalar *grad_1d,
400                                  const CeedScalar *q_ref_1d, const CeedScalar *q_weight_1d, CeedBasis basis) {
401   Ceed            ceed;
402   CeedInt         num_comp;
403   const CeedInt   q_bytes      = Q_1d * sizeof(CeedScalar);
404   const CeedInt   interp_bytes = q_bytes * P_1d;
405   CeedBasis_Cuda *data;
406 
407   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetCeed(basis, &ceed));
408   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(1, &data));
409 
410   // Copy data to GPU
411   if (q_weight_1d) {
412     CeedCallCuda(ceed, cudaMalloc((void **)&data->d_q_weight_1d, q_bytes));
413     CeedCallCuda(ceed, cudaMemcpy(data->d_q_weight_1d, q_weight_1d, q_bytes, cudaMemcpyHostToDevice));
414   }
415   CeedCallCuda(ceed, cudaMalloc((void **)&data->d_interp_1d, interp_bytes));
416   CeedCallCuda(ceed, cudaMemcpy(data->d_interp_1d, interp_1d, interp_bytes, cudaMemcpyHostToDevice));
417   CeedCallCuda(ceed, cudaMalloc((void **)&data->d_grad_1d, interp_bytes));
418   CeedCallCuda(ceed, cudaMemcpy(data->d_grad_1d, grad_1d, interp_bytes, cudaMemcpyHostToDevice));
419 
420   // Compile basis kernels
421   const char basis_kernel_source[] = "// Tensor basis source\n#include <ceed/jit-source/cuda/cuda-ref-basis-tensor.h>\n";
422 
423   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumComponents(basis, &num_comp));
424   CeedCallBackend(CeedCompile_Cuda(ceed, basis_kernel_source, &data->module, 7, "BASIS_Q_1D", Q_1d, "BASIS_P_1D", P_1d, "BASIS_BUF_LEN",
425                                    Q_1d * CeedIntPow(Q_1d > P_1d ? Q_1d : P_1d, dim - 1), "BASIS_DIM", dim, "BASIS_NUM_COMP", num_comp,
426                                    "BASIS_NUM_NODES", CeedIntPow(P_1d, dim), "BASIS_NUM_QPTS", CeedIntPow(Q_1d, dim)));
427   CeedCallBackend(CeedGetKernel_Cuda(ceed, data->module, "Interp", &data->Interp));
428   CeedCallBackend(CeedGetKernel_Cuda(ceed, data->module, "Grad", &data->Grad));
429   CeedCallBackend(CeedGetKernel_Cuda(ceed, data->module, "Weight", &data->Weight));
430 
431   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisSetData(basis, data));
432 
433   // Register backend functions
434   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Basis", basis, "Apply", CeedBasisApply_Cuda));
435   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Basis", basis, "ApplyAdd", CeedBasisApplyAdd_Cuda));
436   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Basis", basis, "ApplyAtPoints", CeedBasisApplyAtPoints_Cuda));
437   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Basis", basis, "ApplyAddAtPoints", CeedBasisApplyAddAtPoints_Cuda));
438   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Basis", basis, "Destroy", CeedBasisDestroy_Cuda));
439   CeedCallBackend(CeedDestroy(&ceed));
440   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
441 }
442 
443 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
444 // Create non-tensor H^1
445 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
446 int CeedBasisCreateH1_Cuda(CeedElemTopology topo, CeedInt dim, CeedInt num_nodes, CeedInt num_qpts, const CeedScalar *interp, const CeedScalar *grad,
447                            const CeedScalar *q_ref, const CeedScalar *q_weight, CeedBasis basis) {
448   Ceed                     ceed;
449   CeedInt                  num_comp, q_comp_interp, q_comp_grad;
450   const CeedInt            q_bytes = num_qpts * sizeof(CeedScalar);
451   CeedBasisNonTensor_Cuda *data;
452 
453   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetCeed(basis, &ceed));
454   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(1, &data));
455 
456   // Copy basis data to GPU
457   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis, CEED_EVAL_INTERP, &q_comp_interp));
458   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis, CEED_EVAL_GRAD, &q_comp_grad));
459   if (q_weight) {
460     CeedCallCuda(ceed, cudaMalloc((void **)&data->d_q_weight, q_bytes));
461     CeedCallCuda(ceed, cudaMemcpy(data->d_q_weight, q_weight, q_bytes, cudaMemcpyHostToDevice));
462   }
463   if (interp) {
464     const CeedInt interp_bytes = q_bytes * num_nodes * q_comp_interp;
465 
466     CeedCallCuda(ceed, cudaMalloc((void **)&data->d_interp, interp_bytes));
467     CeedCallCuda(ceed, cudaMemcpy(data->d_interp, interp, interp_bytes, cudaMemcpyHostToDevice));
468   }
469   if (grad) {
470     const CeedInt grad_bytes = q_bytes * num_nodes * q_comp_grad;
471 
472     CeedCallCuda(ceed, cudaMalloc((void **)&data->d_grad, grad_bytes));
473     CeedCallCuda(ceed, cudaMemcpy(data->d_grad, grad, grad_bytes, cudaMemcpyHostToDevice));
474   }
475 
476   // Compile basis kernels
477   const char basis_kernel_source[] = "// Nontensor basis source\n#include <ceed/jit-source/cuda/cuda-ref-basis-nontensor.h>\n";
478 
479   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumComponents(basis, &num_comp));
480   CeedCallBackend(CeedCompile_Cuda(ceed, basis_kernel_source, &data->module, 5, "BASIS_Q", num_qpts, "BASIS_P", num_nodes, "BASIS_Q_COMP_INTERP",
481                                    q_comp_interp, "BASIS_Q_COMP_DERIV", q_comp_grad, "BASIS_NUM_COMP", num_comp));
482   CeedCallBackend(CeedGetKernel_Cuda(ceed, data->module, "Interp", &data->Interp));
483   CeedCallBackend(CeedGetKernel_Cuda(ceed, data->module, "InterpTranspose", &data->InterpTranspose));
484   CeedCallBackend(CeedGetKernel_Cuda(ceed, data->module, "Deriv", &data->Deriv));
485   CeedCallBackend(CeedGetKernel_Cuda(ceed, data->module, "DerivTranspose", &data->DerivTranspose));
486   CeedCallBackend(CeedGetKernel_Cuda(ceed, data->module, "Weight", &data->Weight));
487 
488   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisSetData(basis, data));
489 
490   // Register backend functions
491   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Basis", basis, "Apply", CeedBasisApplyNonTensor_Cuda));
492   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Basis", basis, "ApplyAdd", CeedBasisApplyAddNonTensor_Cuda));
493   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Basis", basis, "Destroy", CeedBasisDestroyNonTensor_Cuda));
494   CeedCallBackend(CeedDestroy(&ceed));
495   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
496 }
497 
498 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
499 // Create non-tensor H(div)
500 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
501 int CeedBasisCreateHdiv_Cuda(CeedElemTopology topo, CeedInt dim, CeedInt num_nodes, CeedInt num_qpts, const CeedScalar *interp, const CeedScalar *div,
502                              const CeedScalar *q_ref, const CeedScalar *q_weight, CeedBasis basis) {
503   Ceed                     ceed;
504   CeedInt                  num_comp, q_comp_interp, q_comp_div;
505   const CeedInt            q_bytes = num_qpts * sizeof(CeedScalar);
506   CeedBasisNonTensor_Cuda *data;
507 
508   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetCeed(basis, &ceed));
509   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(1, &data));
510 
511   // Copy basis data to GPU
512   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis, CEED_EVAL_INTERP, &q_comp_interp));
513   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis, CEED_EVAL_DIV, &q_comp_div));
514   if (q_weight) {
515     CeedCallCuda(ceed, cudaMalloc((void **)&data->d_q_weight, q_bytes));
516     CeedCallCuda(ceed, cudaMemcpy(data->d_q_weight, q_weight, q_bytes, cudaMemcpyHostToDevice));
517   }
518   if (interp) {
519     const CeedInt interp_bytes = q_bytes * num_nodes * q_comp_interp;
520 
521     CeedCallCuda(ceed, cudaMalloc((void **)&data->d_interp, interp_bytes));
522     CeedCallCuda(ceed, cudaMemcpy(data->d_interp, interp, interp_bytes, cudaMemcpyHostToDevice));
523   }
524   if (div) {
525     const CeedInt div_bytes = q_bytes * num_nodes * q_comp_div;
526 
527     CeedCallCuda(ceed, cudaMalloc((void **)&data->d_div, div_bytes));
528     CeedCallCuda(ceed, cudaMemcpy(data->d_div, div, div_bytes, cudaMemcpyHostToDevice));
529   }
530 
531   // Compile basis kernels
532   const char basis_kernel_source[] = "// Nontensor basis source\n#include <ceed/jit-source/cuda/cuda-ref-basis-nontensor.h>\n";
533 
534   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumComponents(basis, &num_comp));
535   CeedCallBackend(CeedCompile_Cuda(ceed, basis_kernel_source, &data->module, 5, "BASIS_Q", num_qpts, "BASIS_P", num_nodes, "BASIS_Q_COMP_INTERP",
536                                    q_comp_interp, "BASIS_Q_COMP_DERIV", q_comp_div, "BASIS_NUM_COMP", num_comp));
537   CeedCallBackend(CeedGetKernel_Cuda(ceed, data->module, "Interp", &data->Interp));
538   CeedCallBackend(CeedGetKernel_Cuda(ceed, data->module, "InterpTranspose", &data->InterpTranspose));
539   CeedCallBackend(CeedGetKernel_Cuda(ceed, data->module, "Deriv", &data->Deriv));
540   CeedCallBackend(CeedGetKernel_Cuda(ceed, data->module, "DerivTranspose", &data->DerivTranspose));
541   CeedCallBackend(CeedGetKernel_Cuda(ceed, data->module, "Weight", &data->Weight));
542 
543   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisSetData(basis, data));
544 
545   // Register backend functions
546   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Basis", basis, "Apply", CeedBasisApplyNonTensor_Cuda));
547   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Basis", basis, "ApplyAdd", CeedBasisApplyAddNonTensor_Cuda));
548   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Basis", basis, "Destroy", CeedBasisDestroyNonTensor_Cuda));
549   CeedCallBackend(CeedDestroy(&ceed));
550   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
551 }
552 
553 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
554 // Create non-tensor H(curl)
555 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
556 int CeedBasisCreateHcurl_Cuda(CeedElemTopology topo, CeedInt dim, CeedInt num_nodes, CeedInt num_qpts, const CeedScalar *interp,
557                               const CeedScalar *curl, const CeedScalar *q_ref, const CeedScalar *q_weight, CeedBasis basis) {
558   Ceed                     ceed;
559   CeedInt                  num_comp, q_comp_interp, q_comp_curl;
560   const CeedInt            q_bytes = num_qpts * sizeof(CeedScalar);
561   CeedBasisNonTensor_Cuda *data;
562 
563   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetCeed(basis, &ceed));
564   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(1, &data));
565 
566   // Copy basis data to GPU
567   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis, CEED_EVAL_INTERP, &q_comp_interp));
568   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis, CEED_EVAL_CURL, &q_comp_curl));
569   if (q_weight) {
570     CeedCallCuda(ceed, cudaMalloc((void **)&data->d_q_weight, q_bytes));
571     CeedCallCuda(ceed, cudaMemcpy(data->d_q_weight, q_weight, q_bytes, cudaMemcpyHostToDevice));
572   }
573   if (interp) {
574     const CeedInt interp_bytes = q_bytes * num_nodes * q_comp_interp;
575 
576     CeedCallCuda(ceed, cudaMalloc((void **)&data->d_interp, interp_bytes));
577     CeedCallCuda(ceed, cudaMemcpy(data->d_interp, interp, interp_bytes, cudaMemcpyHostToDevice));
578   }
579   if (curl) {
580     const CeedInt curl_bytes = q_bytes * num_nodes * q_comp_curl;
581 
582     CeedCallCuda(ceed, cudaMalloc((void **)&data->d_curl, curl_bytes));
583     CeedCallCuda(ceed, cudaMemcpy(data->d_curl, curl, curl_bytes, cudaMemcpyHostToDevice));
584   }
585 
586   // Compile basis kernels
587   const char basis_kernel_source[] = "// Nontensor basis source\n#include <ceed/jit-source/cuda/cuda-ref-basis-nontensor.h>\n";
588 
589   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumComponents(basis, &num_comp));
590   CeedCallBackend(CeedCompile_Cuda(ceed, basis_kernel_source, &data->module, 5, "BASIS_Q", num_qpts, "BASIS_P", num_nodes, "BASIS_Q_COMP_INTERP",
591                                    q_comp_interp, "BASIS_Q_COMP_DERIV", q_comp_curl, "BASIS_NUM_COMP", num_comp));
592   CeedCallBackend(CeedGetKernel_Cuda(ceed, data->module, "Interp", &data->Interp));
593   CeedCallBackend(CeedGetKernel_Cuda(ceed, data->module, "InterpTranspose", &data->InterpTranspose));
594   CeedCallBackend(CeedGetKernel_Cuda(ceed, data->module, "Deriv", &data->Deriv));
595   CeedCallBackend(CeedGetKernel_Cuda(ceed, data->module, "DerivTranspose", &data->DerivTranspose));
596   CeedCallBackend(CeedGetKernel_Cuda(ceed, data->module, "Weight", &data->Weight));
597 
598   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisSetData(basis, data));
599 
600   // Register backend functions
601   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Basis", basis, "Apply", CeedBasisApplyNonTensor_Cuda));
602   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Basis", basis, "ApplyAdd", CeedBasisApplyAddNonTensor_Cuda));
603   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Basis", basis, "Destroy", CeedBasisDestroyNonTensor_Cuda));
604   CeedCallBackend(CeedDestroy(&ceed));
605   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
606 }
607 
608 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
609