xref: /libCEED/backends/hip-gen/ceed-hip-gen-operator-build.cpp (revision c9d5affad74485f8d1e55e6be07e3d9f76bd4cae)
1 // Copyright (c) 2017-2024, Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC and other CEED contributors.
2 // All Rights Reserved. See the top-level LICENSE and NOTICE files for details.
3 //
4 // SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
5 //
6 // This file is part of CEED:  http://github.com/ceed
7 
8 #define CEED_DEBUG_COLOR 12
9 
10 #include <ceed.h>
11 #include <ceed/backend.h>
12 #include <ceed/jit-tools.h>
13 
14 #include <iostream>
15 #include <sstream>
16 #include <string>
17 
18 #include "../hip-ref/ceed-hip-ref.h"
19 #include "../hip-shared/ceed-hip-shared.h"
20 #include "../hip/ceed-hip-common.h"
21 #include "../hip/ceed-hip-compile.h"
22 #include "ceed-hip-gen.h"
23 
24 struct FieldReuse_Hip {
25   CeedInt      index;
26   bool         is_input;
27   CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
28 };
29 
30 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
31 // Calculate the block size used for launching the operator kernel
32 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
33 extern "C" int BlockGridCalculate_Hip_gen(const CeedInt dim, const CeedInt num_elem, const CeedInt P_1d, const CeedInt Q_1d, CeedInt *block_sizes) {
34   const CeedInt thread_1d = CeedIntMax(Q_1d, P_1d);
35   if (dim == 1) {
36     CeedInt elems_per_block = 64 * thread_1d > 256 ? 256 / thread_1d : 64;
37 
38     elems_per_block = elems_per_block > 0 ? elems_per_block : 1;
39     block_sizes[0]  = thread_1d;
40     block_sizes[1]  = 1;
41     block_sizes[2]  = elems_per_block;
42   } else if (dim == 2) {
43     const CeedInt elems_per_block = thread_1d < 4 ? 16 : 2;
44 
45     block_sizes[0] = thread_1d;
46     block_sizes[1] = thread_1d;
47     block_sizes[2] = elems_per_block;
48   } else if (dim == 3) {
49     const CeedInt elems_per_block = thread_1d < 6 ? 4 : (thread_1d < 8 ? 2 : 1);
50 
51     block_sizes[0] = thread_1d;
52     block_sizes[1] = thread_1d;
53     block_sizes[2] = elems_per_block;
54   }
55   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
56 }
57 
58 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
59 // Determine type of operator
60 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
61 static int CeedOperatorBuildKernelData_Hip_gen(Ceed ceed, CeedInt num_input_fields, CeedOperatorField *op_input_fields,
62                                                CeedQFunctionField *qf_input_fields, CeedInt num_output_fields, CeedOperatorField *op_output_fields,
63                                                CeedQFunctionField *qf_output_fields, CeedInt *max_P_1d, CeedInt *Q_1d, CeedInt *dim, bool *is_tensor,
64                                                bool *use_3d_slices) {
65   // Find dim, P_1d, Q_1d
66   *max_P_1d  = 0;
67   *Q_1d      = 0;
68   *dim       = 0;
69   *is_tensor = true;
70 
71   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
72     CeedBasis basis;
73 
74     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_input_fields[i], &basis));
75     if (basis != CEED_BASIS_NONE) {
76       bool    is_field_tensor;
77       CeedInt field_P_1d = 0, field_Q_1d = 0, field_dim = 0;
78 
79       // Collect dim, P_1d, and Q_1d
80       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisIsTensor(basis, &is_field_tensor));
81       *is_tensor = *is_tensor && is_field_tensor;
82       if (is_field_tensor) CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumNodes1D(basis, &field_P_1d));
83       else CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumNodes(basis, &field_P_1d));
84       *max_P_1d = CeedIntMax(*max_P_1d, field_P_1d);
85       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetDimension(basis, &field_dim));
86       CeedCheck(*dim == 0 || field_dim == *dim, ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "Quadrature spaces must be compatible");
87       *dim = field_dim;
88       if (is_field_tensor) CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadraturePoints1D(basis, &field_Q_1d));
89       else CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadraturePoints(basis, &field_Q_1d));
90       CeedCheck(*Q_1d == 0 || field_Q_1d == *Q_1d, ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "Quadrature spaces must be compatible");
91       *Q_1d = field_Q_1d;
92     }
93     CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis));
94   }
95   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
96     CeedBasis basis;
97 
98     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_output_fields[i], &basis));
99     if (basis != CEED_BASIS_NONE) {
100       bool    is_field_tensor;
101       CeedInt field_P_1d = 0, field_Q_1d = 0, field_dim = 0;
102 
103       // Collect dim, P_1d, and Q_1d
104       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisIsTensor(basis, &is_field_tensor));
105       *is_tensor = *is_tensor && is_field_tensor;
106       if (is_field_tensor) CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumNodes1D(basis, &field_P_1d));
107       else CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumNodes(basis, &field_P_1d));
108       *max_P_1d = CeedIntMax(*max_P_1d, field_P_1d);
109       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetDimension(basis, &field_dim));
110       CeedCheck(*dim == 0 || field_dim == *dim, ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "Quadrature spaces must be compatible");
111       *dim = field_dim;
112       if (is_field_tensor) CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadraturePoints1D(basis, &field_Q_1d));
113       else CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadraturePoints(basis, &field_Q_1d));
114       CeedCheck(*Q_1d == 0 || field_Q_1d == *Q_1d, ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "Quadrature spaces must be compatible");
115       *Q_1d = field_Q_1d;
116     }
117     CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis));
118   }
119 
120   // Only use 3D collocated gradient parallelization strategy when gradient is computed
121   *use_3d_slices = false;
122   if (*dim == 3) {
123     bool was_grad_found = false;
124 
125     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
126       CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
127 
128       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_input_fields[i], &eval_mode));
129       if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_GRAD) {
130         CeedBasis_Hip_shared *basis_data;
131         CeedBasis             basis;
132 
133         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_input_fields[i], &basis));
134         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetData(basis, &basis_data));
135         *use_3d_slices = basis_data->d_collo_grad_1d && (was_grad_found ? *use_3d_slices : true);
136         was_grad_found = true;
137         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis));
138       }
139     }
140     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
141       CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
142 
143       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
144       if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_GRAD) {
145         CeedBasis_Hip_shared *basis_data;
146         CeedBasis             basis;
147 
148         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_output_fields[i], &basis));
149         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetData(basis, &basis_data));
150         *use_3d_slices = basis_data->d_collo_grad_1d && (was_grad_found ? *use_3d_slices : true);
151         was_grad_found = true;
152         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis));
153       }
154     }
155   }
156   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
157 }
158 
159 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
160 // Setup fields
161 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
162 static int CeedOperatorBuildKernelFieldData_Hip_gen(std::ostringstream &code, CeedOperator_Hip_gen *data, CeedInt i, CeedOperatorField op_field,
163                                                     CeedQFunctionField qf_field, FieldReuse_Hip field_reuse, CeedInt Q_1d, bool is_input,
164                                                     bool is_tensor, bool is_at_points, bool use_3d_slices) {
165   std::string           var_suffix = (is_input ? "_in_" : "_out_") + std::to_string(i);
166   std::string           P_name = (is_tensor ? "P_1d" : "P") + var_suffix, Q_name = is_tensor ? "Q_1d" : "Q";
167   std::string           option_name = (is_input ? "inputs" : "outputs");
168   CeedEvalMode          eval_mode   = CEED_EVAL_NONE;
169   CeedInt               elem_size = 0, num_comp = 0, P_1d = 0;
170   CeedElemRestriction   elem_rstr;
171   CeedBasis_Hip_shared *basis_data;
172   CeedBasis             basis;
173 
174   // Field reuse info
175   bool use_previous_field = field_reuse.index != -1;
176 
177   code << "  // -- " << (is_input ? "Input" : "Output") << " field " << i << "\n";
178 
179   // Get field data
180   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_field, &elem_rstr));
181   if (elem_rstr != CEED_ELEMRESTRICTION_NONE) {
182     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(elem_rstr, &elem_size));
183     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumComponents(elem_rstr, &num_comp));
184   }
185   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&elem_rstr));
186   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_field, &basis));
187   if (basis != CEED_BASIS_NONE) {
188     CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetData(basis, &basis_data));
189     if (is_tensor) CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumNodes1D(basis, &P_1d));
190     else CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumNodes(basis, &P_1d));
191   }
192   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_field, &eval_mode));
193 
194   // Set field constants
195   if (eval_mode != CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) {
196     code << "  const CeedInt " << P_name << " = " << (basis == CEED_BASIS_NONE ? Q_1d : P_1d) << ";\n";
197     code << "  const CeedInt num_comp" << var_suffix << " = " << num_comp << ";\n";
198   }
199 
200   // Load basis data
201   code << "  // EvalMode: " << CeedEvalModes[eval_mode] << "\n";
202   switch (eval_mode) {
203     case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
204       break;
205     case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
206       if (is_at_points) {
207         // AtPoints
208         if (!basis_data->d_chebyshev_interp_1d) {
209           CeedSize    interp_bytes;
210           CeedScalar *chebyshev_interp_1d;
211 
212           interp_bytes = P_1d * Q_1d * sizeof(CeedScalar);
213           CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(P_1d * Q_1d, &chebyshev_interp_1d));
214           CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetChebyshevInterp1D(basis, chebyshev_interp_1d));
215           CeedCallHip(CeedBasisReturnCeed(basis), hipMalloc((void **)&basis_data->d_chebyshev_interp_1d, interp_bytes));
216           CeedCallHip(CeedBasisReturnCeed(basis),
217                       hipMemcpy(basis_data->d_chebyshev_interp_1d, chebyshev_interp_1d, interp_bytes, hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
218           CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&chebyshev_interp_1d));
219         }
220         if (is_input) data->B.inputs[i] = basis_data->d_chebyshev_interp_1d;
221         else data->B.outputs[i] = basis_data->d_chebyshev_interp_1d;
222       } else {
223         // Standard quadrature
224         if (is_input) data->B.inputs[i] = basis_data->d_interp_1d;
225         else data->B.outputs[i] = basis_data->d_interp_1d;
226       }
227       if (use_previous_field) {
228         std::string reuse_var = "s_B" + ((field_reuse.is_input ? "_in_" : "_out_") + std::to_string(field_reuse.index));
229 
230         code << "  CeedScalar *s_B" << var_suffix << " = " << reuse_var << ";\n";
231       } else {
232         code << "  __shared__ CeedScalar s_B" << var_suffix << "[" << P_name << "*" << Q_name << "];\n";
233         code << "  LoadMatrix<" << P_name << ", " << Q_name << ">(data, B." << option_name << "[" << i << "], s_B" << var_suffix << ");\n";
234       }
235       break;
236     case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
237       if (is_at_points) {
238         // AtPoints
239         if (!basis_data->d_chebyshev_interp_1d) {
240           CeedSize    interp_bytes;
241           CeedScalar *chebyshev_interp_1d;
242 
243           interp_bytes = P_1d * Q_1d * sizeof(CeedScalar);
244           CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(P_1d * Q_1d, &chebyshev_interp_1d));
245           CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetChebyshevInterp1D(basis, chebyshev_interp_1d));
246           CeedCallHip(CeedBasisReturnCeed(basis), hipMalloc((void **)&basis_data->d_chebyshev_interp_1d, interp_bytes));
247           CeedCallHip(CeedBasisReturnCeed(basis),
248                       hipMemcpy(basis_data->d_chebyshev_interp_1d, chebyshev_interp_1d, interp_bytes, hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
249           CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&chebyshev_interp_1d));
250         }
251         if (is_input) data->B.inputs[i] = basis_data->d_chebyshev_interp_1d;
252         else data->B.outputs[i] = basis_data->d_chebyshev_interp_1d;
253       } else {
254         // Standard quadrature
255         if (is_input) data->B.inputs[i] = basis_data->d_interp_1d;
256         else data->B.outputs[i] = basis_data->d_interp_1d;
257       }
258       if (is_tensor) {
259         if (use_previous_field) {
260           std::string reuse_var = "s_B" + ((field_reuse.is_input ? "_in_" : "_out_") + std::to_string(field_reuse.index));
261 
262           code << "  CeedScalar *s_B" << var_suffix << " = " << reuse_var << ";\n";
263         } else {
264           code << "  __shared__ CeedScalar s_B" << var_suffix << "[" << P_name << "*" << Q_name << "];\n";
265           code << "  LoadMatrix<" << P_name << ", " << Q_name << ">(data, B." << option_name << "[" << i << "], s_B" << var_suffix << ");\n";
266         }
267       }
268       if (is_at_points) break;  // No G mat for AtPoints
269       if (use_3d_slices) {
270         if (is_input) data->G.inputs[i] = basis_data->d_collo_grad_1d;
271         else data->G.outputs[i] = basis_data->d_collo_grad_1d;
272         if (use_previous_field && field_reuse.eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_GRAD) {
273           std::string reuse_var = "s_G" + ((field_reuse.is_input ? "_in_" : "_out_") + std::to_string(field_reuse.index));
274 
275           code << "  CeedScalar *s_G" << var_suffix << " = " << reuse_var << ";\n";
276         } else {
277           code << "  __shared__ CeedScalar s_G" << var_suffix << "[" << Q_name << "*" << Q_name << "];\n";
278           code << "  LoadMatrix<" << Q_name << ", " << Q_name << ">(data, G." << option_name << "[" << i << "], s_G" << var_suffix << ");\n";
279         }
280       } else {
281         bool has_collo_grad = basis_data->d_collo_grad_1d;
282 
283         if (is_input) data->G.inputs[i] = has_collo_grad ? basis_data->d_collo_grad_1d : basis_data->d_grad_1d;
284         else data->G.outputs[i] = has_collo_grad ? basis_data->d_collo_grad_1d : basis_data->d_grad_1d;
285         if (has_collo_grad) {
286           if (use_previous_field && field_reuse.eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_GRAD) {
287             std::string reuse_var = "s_G" + ((field_reuse.is_input ? "_in_" : "_out_") + std::to_string(field_reuse.index));
288 
289             code << "  CeedScalar *s_G" << var_suffix << " = " << reuse_var << ";\n";
290           } else {
291             code << "  __shared__ CeedScalar s_G" << var_suffix << "[" << Q_name << "*" << Q_name << "];\n";
292             code << "  LoadMatrix<" << Q_name << ", " << Q_name << ">(data, G." << option_name << "[" << i << "], s_G" << var_suffix << ");\n";
293           }
294         } else {
295           if (use_previous_field && field_reuse.eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_GRAD) {
296             std::string reuse_var = "s_G" + ((field_reuse.is_input ? "_in_" : "_out_") + std::to_string(field_reuse.index));
297 
298             code << "  CeedScalar *s_G" << var_suffix << " = " << reuse_var << ";\n";
299           } else {
300             code << "  __shared__ CeedScalar s_G" << var_suffix << "[" << P_name << "*" << Q_name << (is_tensor ? "" : "*dim") << "];\n";
301             code << "  LoadMatrix<" << P_name << ", " << Q_name << (is_tensor ? "" : "*dim") << ">(data, G." << option_name << "[" << i << "], s_G"
302                  << var_suffix << ");\n";
303           }
304         }
305       }
306       break;
307     case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT:
308       break;  // No action
309       // LCOV_EXCL_START
310     case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
311     case CEED_EVAL_CURL:
312       break;  // TODO: Not implemented
313               // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
314   }
315   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis));
316   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
317 }
318 
319 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
320 // Restriction
321 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
322 static int CeedOperatorBuildKernelRestriction_Hip_gen(std::ostringstream &code, CeedOperator_Hip_gen *data, CeedInt i, CeedInt dim,
323                                                       CeedInt field_input_buffer[], CeedOperatorField op_field, CeedQFunctionField qf_field,
324                                                       CeedInt Q_1d, bool is_input, bool is_tensor, bool is_at_points, bool use_3d_slices) {
325   std::string              var_suffix = (is_input ? "_in_" : "_out_") + std::to_string(i);
326   std::string              P_name     = (is_tensor ? "P_1d" : "P") + var_suffix;
327   CeedEvalMode             eval_mode  = CEED_EVAL_NONE;
328   CeedInt                  elem_size = 0, num_comp = 0, P_1d = 0;
329   CeedSize                 l_size;
330   CeedRestrictionType      rstr_type = CEED_RESTRICTION_STANDARD;
331   CeedElemRestriction_Hip *rstr_data;
332   CeedElemRestriction      elem_rstr;
333   CeedBasis                basis;
334 
335   // Get field data
336   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_field, &elem_rstr));
337   if (elem_rstr != CEED_ELEMRESTRICTION_NONE) {
338     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetType(elem_rstr, &rstr_type));
339     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(elem_rstr, &elem_size));
340     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumComponents(elem_rstr, &num_comp));
341     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetData(elem_rstr, &rstr_data));
342   }
343   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_field, &basis));
344   if (basis != CEED_BASIS_NONE) {
345     if (is_tensor) CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumNodes1D(basis, &P_1d));
346     else CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumNodes(basis, &P_1d));
347   }
348   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis));
349   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_field, &eval_mode));
350 
351   // Restriction
352   if (is_input) {
353     // Input
354     if (field_input_buffer[i] != i) {
355       std::string buffer_name = "r_e_in_" + std::to_string(field_input_buffer[i]);
356 
357       // Restriction was already done for previous input
358       code << "    CeedScalar *r_e" << var_suffix << " = " << buffer_name << ";\n";
359     } else if (eval_mode != CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT && !((eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE) && use_3d_slices && is_at_points)) {
360       if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE && rstr_type != CEED_RESTRICTION_POINTS) {
361         // No basis action, so r_e_in_* in also r_q_in_* and needs to be allocated
362         code << "    CeedScalar r_e" << var_suffix << "[num_comp" << var_suffix << "*" << P_name << "];\n";
363       } else if (rstr_type != CEED_RESTRICTION_POINTS) {
364         // Otherwise we're using the scratch space
365         code << "    CeedScalar *r_e" << var_suffix << " = r_e_scratch;\n";
366       }
367       switch (rstr_type) {
368         case CEED_RESTRICTION_STANDARD: {
369           CeedInt comp_stride;
370 
371           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetLVectorSize(elem_rstr, &l_size));
372           code << "    const CeedInt l_size" << var_suffix << " = " << l_size << ";\n";
373           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetCompStride(elem_rstr, &comp_stride));
374           code << "    // CompStride: " << comp_stride << "\n";
375           data->indices.inputs[i] = (CeedInt *)rstr_data->d_offsets;
376           code << "    ReadLVecStandard" << (is_tensor ? dim : 1) << "d<num_comp" << var_suffix << ", " << comp_stride << ", " << P_name
377                << ">(data, l_size" << var_suffix << ", elem, indices.inputs[" << i << "], d" << var_suffix << ", r_e" << var_suffix << ");\n";
378           break;
379         }
380         case CEED_RESTRICTION_STRIDED: {
381           bool    has_backend_strides;
382           CeedInt num_elem;
383 
384           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionHasBackendStrides(elem_rstr, &has_backend_strides));
385           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumElements(elem_rstr, &num_elem));
386           CeedInt strides[3] = {1, elem_size * num_elem, elem_size};
387 
388           if (!has_backend_strides) {
389             CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetStrides(elem_rstr, strides));
390           }
391           code << "    // Strides: {" << strides[0] << ", " << strides[1] << ", " << strides[2] << "}\n";
392           code << "    ReadLVecStrided" << (is_tensor ? dim : 1) << "d<num_comp" << var_suffix << ", " << P_name << ", " << strides[0] << ", "
393                << strides[1] << ", " << strides[2] << ">(data, elem, d" << var_suffix << ", r_e" << var_suffix << ");\n";
394           break;
395         }
396         case CEED_RESTRICTION_POINTS: {
397           CeedInt comp_stride;
398 
399           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetCompStride(elem_rstr, &comp_stride));
400           code << "    const CeedInt comp_stride" << var_suffix << " = " << comp_stride << ";\n";
401           data->indices.inputs[i] = (CeedInt *)rstr_data->d_offsets;
402           break;
403         }
404         // LCOV_EXCL_START
405         case CEED_RESTRICTION_ORIENTED:
406         case CEED_RESTRICTION_CURL_ORIENTED:
407           break;  // TODO: Not implemented
408                   // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
409       }
410     }
411   } else {
412     // Output
413     switch (rstr_type) {
414       case CEED_RESTRICTION_STANDARD: {
415         CeedInt comp_stride;
416 
417         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetLVectorSize(elem_rstr, &l_size));
418         code << "    const CeedInt l_size" << var_suffix << " = " << l_size << ";\n";
419         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetCompStride(elem_rstr, &comp_stride));
420         code << "    // CompStride: " << comp_stride << "\n";
421         data->indices.outputs[i] = (CeedInt *)rstr_data->d_offsets;
422         code << "    WriteLVecStandard" << (is_tensor ? dim : 1) << "d<num_comp" << var_suffix << ", " << comp_stride << ", " << P_name
423              << ">(data, l_size" << var_suffix << ", elem, indices.outputs[" << i << "], r_e" << var_suffix << ", d" << var_suffix << ");\n";
424         break;
425       }
426       case CEED_RESTRICTION_STRIDED: {
427         bool    has_backend_strides;
428         CeedInt num_elem;
429 
430         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionHasBackendStrides(elem_rstr, &has_backend_strides));
431         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumElements(elem_rstr, &num_elem));
432         CeedInt strides[3] = {1, elem_size * num_elem, elem_size};
433 
434         if (!has_backend_strides) {
435           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetStrides(elem_rstr, strides));
436         }
437         code << "    // Strides: {" << strides[0] << ", " << strides[1] << ", " << strides[2] << "}\n";
438         code << "    WriteLVecStrided" << (is_tensor ? dim : 1) << "d<num_comp" << var_suffix << ", " << P_name << ", " << strides[0] << ", "
439              << strides[1] << ", " << strides[2] << ">(data, elem, r_e" << var_suffix << ", d" << var_suffix << ");\n";
440         break;
441       }
442       case CEED_RESTRICTION_POINTS:
443         data->indices.outputs[i] = (CeedInt *)rstr_data->d_offsets;
444         break;
445       // LCOV_EXCL_START
446       case CEED_RESTRICTION_ORIENTED:
447       case CEED_RESTRICTION_CURL_ORIENTED:
448         break;  // TODO: Not implemented
449                 // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
450     }
451   }
452   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&elem_rstr));
453   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
454 }
455 
456 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
457 // Basis
458 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
459 static int CeedOperatorBuildKernelBasis_Hip_gen(std::ostringstream &code, CeedOperator_Hip_gen *data, CeedInt i, CeedInt dim,
460                                                 CeedOperatorField op_field, CeedQFunctionField qf_field, CeedInt Q_1d, bool is_input, bool is_tensor,
461                                                 bool is_at_points, bool use_3d_slices) {
462   std::string         var_suffix = (is_input ? "_in_" : "_out_") + std::to_string(i);
463   std::string         P_name = (is_tensor ? "P_1d" : "P") + var_suffix, Q_name = is_tensor ? "Q_1d" : "Q";
464   CeedEvalMode        eval_mode = CEED_EVAL_NONE;
465   CeedInt             elem_size = 0, num_comp = 0, P_1d = 0;
466   CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
467   CeedBasis           basis;
468 
469   // Get field data
470   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_field, &elem_rstr));
471   if (elem_rstr != CEED_ELEMRESTRICTION_NONE) {
472     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(elem_rstr, &elem_size));
473     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumComponents(elem_rstr, &num_comp));
474   }
475   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&elem_rstr));
476   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_field, &basis));
477   if (basis != CEED_BASIS_NONE) {
478     if (is_tensor) CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumNodes1D(basis, &P_1d));
479     else CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumNodes(basis, &P_1d));
480   }
481   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_field, &eval_mode));
482 
483   // Basis
484   code << "    // EvalMode: " << CeedEvalModes[eval_mode] << "\n";
485   if (is_input) {
486     switch (eval_mode) {
487       case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
488         if (!use_3d_slices && !is_at_points) {
489           code << "    CeedScalar *r_q" << var_suffix << " = r_e" << var_suffix << ";\n";
490         }
491         break;
492       case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
493         if (is_at_points) {
494           std::string function_name = (dim == 1 ? "Interp" : "InterpTensor") + std::to_string(dim) + "d";
495 
496           code << "    CeedScalar r_c" << var_suffix << "[num_comp" << var_suffix << "*" << (dim >= 3 ? Q_name : "1") << "];\n";
497           code << "    " << function_name << "<num_comp" << var_suffix << ", " << P_name << ", " << Q_name << ">(data, r_e" << var_suffix << ", s_B"
498                << var_suffix << ", r_c" << var_suffix << ");\n";
499         } else {
500           std::string function_name = is_tensor ? ((dim == 1 ? "Interp" : "InterpTensor") + std::to_string(dim) + "d") : "InterpNonTensor";
501 
502           code << "    CeedScalar r_q" << var_suffix << "[num_comp" << var_suffix << "*" << (is_tensor && (dim >= 3) ? Q_name : "1") << "];\n";
503           code << "    " << function_name << "<num_comp" << var_suffix << ", " << P_name << ", " << Q_name << ">(data, r_e" << var_suffix << ", s_B"
504                << var_suffix << ", r_q" << var_suffix << ");\n";
505         }
506         break;
507       case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
508         if (is_at_points) {
509           std::string function_name = (dim == 1 ? "Interp" : "InterpTensor") + std::to_string(dim) + "d";
510 
511           code << "    CeedScalar r_c" << var_suffix << "[num_comp" << var_suffix << "*" << (dim >= 3 ? Q_name : "1") << "];\n";
512           code << "    " << function_name << "<num_comp" << var_suffix << ", " << P_name << ", " << Q_name << ">(data, r_e" << var_suffix << ", s_B"
513                << var_suffix << ", r_c" << var_suffix << ");\n";
514         } else if (use_3d_slices) {
515           std::string function_name = (dim > 1 ? "InterpTensor" : "Interp") + std::to_string(dim) + "d";
516 
517           code << "    CeedScalar r_q" << var_suffix << "[num_comp" << var_suffix << "*" << Q_name << "];\n";
518           code << "    " << function_name << "<num_comp" << var_suffix << ", " << P_name << ", " << Q_name << ">(data, r_e" << var_suffix << ", s_B"
519                << var_suffix << ", r_q" << var_suffix << ");\n";
520         } else if (is_tensor) {
521           bool        is_collocated = dim == 3 && Q_1d >= P_1d;
522           std::string function_name = (dim == 1 ? "Grad" : (is_collocated ? "GradTensorCollocated" : "GradTensor")) + std::to_string(dim) + "d";
523 
524           code << "    CeedScalar r_q" << var_suffix << "[num_comp" << var_suffix << "*dim*" << (dim >= 3 ? Q_name : "1") << "];\n";
525           code << "    " << function_name << "<num_comp" << var_suffix << ", " << P_name << ", " << Q_name << ">(data, r_e" << var_suffix << ", s_B"
526                << var_suffix << ", s_G" << var_suffix << ", r_q" << var_suffix << ");\n";
527         } else {
528           std::string function_name = "GradNonTensor";
529 
530           code << "    CeedScalar r_q" << var_suffix << "[num_comp" << var_suffix << "*dim];\n";
531           code << "    " << function_name << "<num_comp" << var_suffix << ", dim, " << P_name << ", " << Q_name << ">(data, r_e" << var_suffix
532                << ", s_G" << var_suffix << ", r_q" << var_suffix << ");\n";
533         }
534         break;
535       case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT: {
536         if (is_at_points) {
537           code << "    // Nothing to do AtPoints\n";
538         } else {
539           CeedBasis_Hip_shared *basis_data;
540           std::string           function_name = is_tensor ? ((dim == 1 ? "Weight" : "WeightTensor") + std::to_string(dim) + "d") : "WeightNonTensor";
541 
542           code << "    CeedScalar r_q" << var_suffix << "[" << (is_tensor && (dim >= 3) ? Q_name : "1") << "];\n";
543           CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetData(basis, &basis_data));
544           data->W = basis_data->d_q_weight_1d;
545           code << "    " << function_name << "<" << Q_name << ">(data, W, r_q" << var_suffix << ");\n";
546         }
547         break;
548       }
549       // LCOV_EXCL_START
550       case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
551       case CEED_EVAL_CURL:
552         break;  // TODO: Not implemented
553                 // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
554     }
555   } else {
556     switch (eval_mode) {
557       case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
558         code << "    CeedScalar *r_e" << var_suffix << " = r_q" << var_suffix << ";\n";
559         break;  // No action
560       case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
561         code << "    CeedScalar *r_e" << var_suffix << " = r_e_scratch;\n";
562         if (is_at_points) {
563           std::string function_name = (dim == 1 ? "InterpTranspose" : "InterpTransposeTensor") + std::to_string(dim) + "d";
564 
565           code << "    " << function_name << "<num_comp" << var_suffix << ", " << P_name << ", " << Q_name << ">(data, r_c" << var_suffix << ", s_B"
566                << var_suffix << ", r_e" << var_suffix << ");\n";
567         } else {
568           std::string function_name =
569               is_tensor ? ((dim == 1 ? "InterpTranspose" : "InterpTransposeTensor") + std::to_string(dim) + "d") : "InterpTransposeNonTensor";
570 
571           code << "    " << function_name << "<num_comp" << var_suffix << ", " << P_name << ", " << Q_name << ">(data, r_q" << var_suffix << ", s_B"
572                << var_suffix << ", r_e" << var_suffix << ");\n";
573         }
574         break;
575       case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
576         code << "    CeedScalar *r_e" << var_suffix << " = r_e_scratch;\n";
577         if (is_at_points) {
578           std::string function_name = (dim == 1 ? "InterpTranspose" : "InterpTransposeTensor") + std::to_string(dim) + "d";
579 
580           code << "    " << function_name << "<num_comp" << var_suffix << ", " << P_name << ", " << Q_name << ">(data, r_c" << var_suffix << ", s_B"
581                << var_suffix << ", r_e" << var_suffix << ");\n";
582         } else if (use_3d_slices) {
583           std::string function_name = (dim == 1 ? "InterpTranspose" : "InterpTransposeTensor") + std::to_string(dim) + "d";
584 
585           code << "    " << function_name << "<num_comp" << var_suffix << ", " << P_name << ", " << Q_name << ">(data, r_q" << var_suffix << ", s_B"
586                << var_suffix << ", r_e" << var_suffix << ");\n";
587         } else if (is_tensor) {
588           bool        is_collocated = dim == 3 && Q_1d >= P_1d;
589           std::string function_name =
590               (dim == 1 ? "GradTranspose" : (is_collocated ? "GradTransposeTensorCollocated" : "GradTransposeTensor")) + std::to_string(dim) + "d";
591 
592           code << "    " << function_name << "<num_comp" << var_suffix << ", " << P_name << ", " << Q_name << ">(data, r_q" << var_suffix << ", s_B"
593                << var_suffix << ", s_G" << var_suffix << ", r_e" << var_suffix << ");\n";
594         } else {
595           std::string function_name = "GradTransposeNonTensor";
596 
597           code << "    " << function_name << "<num_comp" << var_suffix << ", dim, " << P_name << ", " << Q_name << ">(data, r_q" << var_suffix
598                << ", s_G" << var_suffix << ", r_e" << var_suffix << ");\n";
599         }
600         break;
601       // LCOV_EXCL_START
602       case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT:
603         break;  // Should not occur
604       case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
605       case CEED_EVAL_CURL:
606         break;  // TODO: Not implemented
607                 // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
608     }
609   }
610   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis));
611   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
612 }
613 
614 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
615 // QFunction
616 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
617 static int CeedOperatorBuildKernelQFunction_Hip_gen(std::ostringstream &code, CeedOperator_Hip_gen *data, CeedInt dim, CeedInt max_num_points,
618                                                     CeedInt num_input_fields, CeedOperatorField *op_input_fields, CeedQFunctionField *qf_input_fields,
619                                                     CeedInt num_output_fields, CeedOperatorField *op_output_fields,
620                                                     CeedQFunctionField *qf_output_fields, std::string qfunction_name, CeedInt Q_1d, bool is_tensor,
621                                                     bool is_at_points, bool use_3d_slices) {
622   std::string         Q_name    = is_tensor ? "Q_1d" : "Q";
623   CeedEvalMode        eval_mode = CEED_EVAL_NONE;
624   CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
625 
626   // Setup output arrays
627   code << "\n    // -- Output field setup\n";
628   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
629     std::string var_suffix = "_out_" + std::to_string(i);
630 
631     code << "    // ---- Output field " << i << "\n";
632     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
633     switch (eval_mode) {
634       case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
635         if (is_at_points) {
636           code << "    CeedScalar r_q" << var_suffix << "[num_comp" << var_suffix << "];\n";
637         } else {
638           code << "    CeedScalar r_q" << var_suffix << "[num_comp" << var_suffix << "*" << (is_tensor && (dim >= 3) ? Q_name : "1") << "];\n";
639         }
640         break;
641       case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
642         if (is_at_points) {
643           // Accumulator for point data
644           code << "    CeedScalar r_c" << var_suffix << "[num_comp" << var_suffix << "*" << (dim >= 3 ? Q_name : "1") << "];\n";
645           code << "    for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_comp" << var_suffix << "*" << (dim >= 3 ? Q_name : "1") << "; i++) {\n";
646           code << "      r_c" << var_suffix << "[i] = 0.0;\n";
647           code << "    }\n";
648         } else {
649           code << "    CeedScalar r_q" << var_suffix << "[num_comp" << var_suffix << "*" << (is_tensor && (dim >= 3) ? Q_name : "1") << "];\n";
650         }
651         break;
652       case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
653         if (is_at_points) {
654           // Accumulator for point data
655           code << "    CeedScalar r_c" << var_suffix << "[num_comp" << var_suffix << "*" << (dim >= 3 ? Q_name : "1") << "*dim];\n";
656           code << "    for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_comp" << var_suffix << "*" << (dim >= 3 ? Q_name : "1") << "; i++) {\n";
657           code << "      r_c" << var_suffix << "[i] = 0.0;\n";
658           code << "    }\n";
659         } else if (use_3d_slices) {
660           // Accumulator for gradient slices
661           code << "    CeedScalar r_q" << var_suffix << "[num_comp" << var_suffix << "*" << Q_name << "];\n";
662           code << "    for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_comp" << var_suffix << "*" << Q_name << "; i++) {\n";
663           code << "      r_q" << var_suffix << "[i] = 0.0;\n";
664           code << "    }\n";
665         } else {
666           code << "    CeedScalar r_q" << var_suffix << "[num_comp" << var_suffix << "*dim*" << (is_tensor && (dim >= 3) ? Q_name : "1") << "];\n";
667         }
668         break;
669       case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT:
670         break;
671         // LCOV_EXCL_START
672       case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
673       case CEED_EVAL_CURL:
674         break;  // TODO: Not implemented
675                 // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
676     }
677   }
678 
679   if (is_at_points) {
680     // We need to handle batches of points
681     code << "\n    // Note: Using batches of points\n";
682     code << "    const CeedInt point_loop_bound = (blockDim.x * blockDim.y) * ceil(1.0 * max_num_points / (blockDim.x * blockDim.y));\n\n";
683     code << "    #pragma unroll\n";
684     code << "    for (CeedInt i = threadIdx.x + threadIdx.y * blockDim.x; i < point_loop_bound; i += blockDim.x * blockDim.y) {\n";
685     code << "      const CeedInt p = i % max_num_points;\n\n";
686 
687     code << "      // -- Coordinates\n";
688     code << "      CeedScalar r_x[dim];\n";
689     code << "      ReadPoint<dim, coords_comp_stride, max_num_points>(data, elem, p, max_num_points, points.indices, points.coords, r_x);\n\n";
690 
691     code << "      // -- Input fields\n";
692     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
693       std::string var_suffix = "_in_" + std::to_string(i);
694 
695       code << "      // ---- Input field " << i << "\n";
696       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_input_fields[i], &eval_mode));
697       // Basis action
698       code << "      // EvalMode: " << CeedEvalModes[eval_mode] << "\n";
699       switch (eval_mode) {
700         case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
701           code << "      CeedScalar r_s" << var_suffix << "[num_comp" << var_suffix << "];\n";
702           code << "      ReadPoint<num_comp" << var_suffix << ", comp_stride" << var_suffix
703                << ", max_num_points>(data, elem, p, max_num_points, indices.inputs[" << i << "], d" << var_suffix << ", r_s" << var_suffix << ");\n";
704           break;
705         case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
706           code << "      CeedScalar r_s" << var_suffix << "[num_comp" << var_suffix << "];\n";
707           code << "      InterpAtPoints" << dim << "d<num_comp" << var_suffix << ", max_num_points, " << Q_name << ">(data, i, r_c" << var_suffix
708                << ", r_x, r_s" << var_suffix << ");\n";
709           break;
710         case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
711           code << "      CeedScalar r_s" << var_suffix << "[num_comp" << var_suffix << "*dim];\n";
712           code << "      GradAtPoints" << dim << "d<num_comp" << var_suffix << ", max_num_points, " << Q_name << ">(data, i, r_c" << var_suffix
713                << ", r_x, r_s" << var_suffix << ");\n";
714           break;
715         case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT:
716           code << "      CeedScalar r_s" << var_suffix << "[1];\n";
717           code << "      r_s" << var_suffix << "[0] = 1.0;\n";
718           break;
719           // LCOV_EXCL_START
720         case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
721         case CEED_EVAL_CURL:
722           break;  // TODO: Not implemented
723                   // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
724       }
725     }
726     code << "\n      // -- Output fields\n";
727     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
728       std::string var_suffix = "_out_" + std::to_string(i);
729 
730       code << "      // ---- Output field " << i << "\n";
731       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
732       // Basis action
733       switch (eval_mode) {
734         case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
735           code << "      CeedScalar r_s" << var_suffix << "[num_comp" << var_suffix << "];\n";
736           break;
737         case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
738           code << "      CeedScalar r_s" << var_suffix << "[num_comp" << var_suffix << "];\n";
739           break;
740         case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
741           code << "      CeedScalar r_s" << var_suffix << "[num_comp" << var_suffix << "*dim];\n";
742           break;
743           // LCOV_EXCL_START
744         case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT:
745           break;  // Should not occur
746         case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
747         case CEED_EVAL_CURL:
748           break;  // TODO: Not implemented
749                   // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
750       }
751     }
752 
753   } else if (use_3d_slices) {
754     // We treat quadrature points per slice in 3d to save registers
755     code << "\n    // Note: Using planes of 3D elements\n";
756     code << "    #pragma unroll\n";
757     code << "    for (CeedInt q = 0; q < " << Q_name << "; q++) {\n";
758     code << "      // -- Input fields\n";
759     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
760       std::string var_suffix = "_in_" + std::to_string(i);
761 
762       code << "      // ---- Input field " << i << "\n";
763       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_input_fields[i], &eval_mode));
764       // Basis action
765       code << "      // EvalMode: " << CeedEvalModes[eval_mode] << "\n";
766       switch (eval_mode) {
767         case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
768           bool is_strided;
769 
770           code << "      CeedScalar r_s" << var_suffix << "[num_comp" << var_suffix << "];\n";
771 
772           CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_input_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
773           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionIsStrided(elem_rstr, &is_strided));
774           if (is_strided) {
775             bool    has_backend_strides;
776             CeedInt num_elem, elem_size;
777 
778             CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(elem_rstr, &elem_size));
779             CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionHasBackendStrides(elem_rstr, &has_backend_strides));
780             CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumElements(elem_rstr, &num_elem));
781             CeedInt strides[3] = {1, elem_size * num_elem, elem_size};
782 
783             if (!has_backend_strides) {
784               CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetStrides(elem_rstr, strides));
785             }
786             code << "      // Strides: {" << strides[0] << ", " << strides[1] << ", " << strides[2] << "}\n";
787             code << "      ReadEVecSliceStrided3d<num_comp" << var_suffix << ", " << Q_name << ", " << strides[0] << ", " << strides[1] << ", "
788                  << strides[2] << ">(data, elem, q, d" << var_suffix << ", r_s" << var_suffix << ");\n";
789           } else {
790             CeedSize                 l_size = 0;
791             CeedInt                  comp_stride;
792             CeedElemRestriction_Hip *rstr_data;
793 
794             CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetLVectorSize(elem_rstr, &l_size));
795             code << "      const CeedInt l_size" << var_suffix << " = " << l_size << ";\n";
796             CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetCompStride(elem_rstr, &comp_stride));
797             code << "      // CompStride: " << comp_stride << "\n";
798             CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetData(elem_rstr, &rstr_data));
799             data->indices.inputs[i] = (CeedInt *)rstr_data->d_offsets;
800             code << "      ReadEVecSliceStandard3d<num_comp" << var_suffix << ", " << comp_stride << ", " << Q_name << ">(data, l_size" << var_suffix
801                  << ", elem, q, indices.inputs[" << i << "], d" << var_suffix << ", r_s" << var_suffix << ");\n";
802           }
803           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&elem_rstr));
804           break;
805         case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
806           code << "      CeedScalar r_s" << var_suffix << "[num_comp" << var_suffix << "];\n";
807           code << "      for (CeedInt j = 0; j < num_comp" << var_suffix << "; j++) {\n";
808           code << "        r_s" << var_suffix << "[j] = r_q" << var_suffix << "[q + j*" << Q_name << "];\n";
809           code << "      }\n";
810           break;
811         case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
812           code << "      CeedScalar r_s" << var_suffix << "[num_comp" << var_suffix << "*dim];\n";
813           code << "      GradColloSlice3d<num_comp" << var_suffix << ", " << Q_name << ">(data, q, r_q" << var_suffix << ", s_G" << var_suffix
814                << ", r_s" << var_suffix << ");\n";
815           break;
816         case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT:
817           code << "      CeedScalar r_s" << var_suffix << "[1];\n";
818           code << "      r_s" << var_suffix << "[0] = r_q" << var_suffix << "[q];\n";
819           break;
820           // LCOV_EXCL_START
821         case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
822         case CEED_EVAL_CURL:
823           break;  // TODO: Not implemented
824                   // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
825       }
826     }
827     code << "\n      // -- Output fields\n";
828     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
829       std::string var_suffix = "_out_" + std::to_string(i);
830 
831       code << "      // ---- Output field " << i << "\n";
832       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
833       // Basis action
834       switch (eval_mode) {
835         case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
836           code << "      CeedScalar r_s" << var_suffix << "[num_comp" << var_suffix << "];\n";
837           break;
838         case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
839           code << "      CeedScalar r_s" << var_suffix << "[num_comp" << var_suffix << "];\n";
840           break;
841         case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
842           code << "      CeedScalar r_s" << var_suffix << "[num_comp" << var_suffix << "*dim];\n";
843           break;
844           // LCOV_EXCL_START
845         case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT:
846           break;  // Should not occur
847         case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
848         case CEED_EVAL_CURL:
849           break;  // TODO: Not implemented
850                   // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
851       }
852     }
853   } else {
854     code << "\n    // Note: Using full elements\n";
855     code << "    {\n";
856     code << "      // -- Input fields\n";
857     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
858       code << "      // ---- Input field " << i << "\n";
859       code << "      CeedScalar *r_s_in_" << i << " = r_q_in_" << i << ";\n";
860     }
861     code << "      // -- Output fields\n";
862     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
863       code << "      // ---- Output field " << i << "\n";
864       code << "      CeedScalar *r_s_out_" << i << " = r_q_out_" << i << ";\n";
865     }
866   }
867 
868   // Input and output buffers
869   code << "\n      // -- QFunction inputs and outputs\n";
870   code << "      // ---- Inputs\n";
871   code << "      CeedScalar *inputs[" << CeedIntMax(num_input_fields, 1) << "];\n";
872   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
873     code << "      // ------ Input field " << i << "\n";
874     code << "      inputs[" << i << "] = r_s_in_" << i << ";\n";
875   }
876   code << "      // ---- Outputs\n";
877   code << "      CeedScalar *outputs[" << CeedIntMax(num_output_fields, 1) << "];\n";
878   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
879     code << "      // ------ Output field " << i << "\n";
880     code << "      outputs[" << i << "] = r_s_out_" << i << ";\n";
881   }
882 
883   // Apply QFunction
884   code << "\n      // -- Apply QFunction\n";
885   code << "      " << qfunction_name << "(ctx, ";
886   if (dim != 3 || is_at_points || use_3d_slices || !is_tensor) {
887     code << "1";
888   } else {
889     code << Q_name;
890   }
891   code << ", inputs, outputs);\n";
892 
893   if (is_at_points) {
894     // Map back to coefficients
895     code << "\n      // -- Output fields\n";
896     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
897       std::string var_suffix = "_out_" + std::to_string(i);
898       std::string P_name     = "P_1d" + var_suffix;
899 
900       code << "      // ---- Output field " << i << "\n";
901       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
902       // Basis action
903       code << "      // EvalMode: " << CeedEvalModes[eval_mode] << "\n";
904       switch (eval_mode) {
905         case CEED_EVAL_NONE: {
906           CeedInt             comp_stride;
907           CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
908 
909           CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_output_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
910           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetCompStride(elem_rstr, &comp_stride));
911           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&elem_rstr));
912           code << "      const CeedInt comp_stride" << var_suffix << " = " << comp_stride << ";\n";
913           code << "      WritePoint<num_comp" << var_suffix << ", comp_stride" << var_suffix
914                << ", max_num_points>(data, elem, i, points.num_per_elem[elem], indices.outputs[" << i << "]"
915                << ", r_s" << var_suffix << ", d" << var_suffix << ");\n";
916           break;
917         }
918         case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
919           code << "      if (i >= points.num_per_elem[elem]) {\n";
920           code << "        for (CeedInt j = 0; j < num_comp" << var_suffix << "; j++) r_s" << var_suffix << "[j] = 0.0;\n";
921           code << "      }\n";
922           code << "      InterpTransposeAtPoints" << dim << "d<num_comp" << var_suffix << ", max_num_points, " << Q_name << ">(data, i, r_s"
923                << var_suffix << ", r_x, r_c" << var_suffix << ");\n";
924           break;
925         case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
926           code << "      if (i >= points.num_per_elem[elem]) {\n";
927           code << "        for (CeedInt j = 0; j < num_comp" << var_suffix << "*dim; j++) r_s" << var_suffix << "[j] = 0.0;\n";
928           code << "      }\n";
929           code << "      GradTransposeAtPoints" << dim << "d<num_comp" << var_suffix << ", max_num_points, " << Q_name << ">(data, i, r_s"
930                << var_suffix << ", r_x, r_c" << var_suffix << ");\n";
931           break;
932           // LCOV_EXCL_START
933         case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT:
934           break;  // Should not occur
935         case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
936         case CEED_EVAL_CURL:
937           break;  // TODO: Not implemented
938                   // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
939       }
940     }
941   } else if (use_3d_slices) {
942     // Copy or apply transpose grad, if needed
943     code << "\n      // -- Output fields\n";
944     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
945       std::string var_suffix = "_out_" + std::to_string(i);
946       std::string P_name     = "P_1d" + var_suffix;
947 
948       code << "      // ---- Output field " << i << "\n";
949       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
950       // Basis action
951       code << "      // EvalMode: " << CeedEvalModes[eval_mode] << "\n";
952       switch (eval_mode) {
953         case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
954           code << "      for (CeedInt j = 0; j < num_comp" << var_suffix << " ; j++) {\n";
955           code << "        r_q" << var_suffix << "[q + j*" << Q_name << "] = r_s" << var_suffix << "[j];\n";
956           code << "      }\n";
957           break;
958         case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
959           code << "      for (CeedInt j = 0; j < num_comp" << var_suffix << " ; j++) {\n";
960           code << "        r_q" << var_suffix << "[q + j*" << Q_name << "] = r_s" << var_suffix << "[j];\n";
961           code << "      }\n";
962           break;
963         case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
964           code << "      GradColloSliceTranspose3d<num_comp" << var_suffix << ", " << Q_name << ">(data, q, r_s" << var_suffix << ", s_G"
965                << var_suffix << ", r_q" << var_suffix << ");\n";
966           break;
967           // LCOV_EXCL_START
968         case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT:
969           break;  // Should not occur
970         case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
971         case CEED_EVAL_CURL:
972           break;  // TODO: Not implemented
973                   // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
974       }
975     }
976   }
977   code << "    }\n";
978   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
979 }
980 
981 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
982 // Build single operator kernel
983 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
984 extern "C" int CeedOperatorBuildKernel_Hip_gen(CeedOperator op, bool *is_good_build) {
985   bool                   is_tensor = true, is_at_points = false, use_3d_slices = false;
986   Ceed                   ceed;
987   CeedInt                Q_1d, num_input_fields, num_output_fields, dim = 1, max_num_points = 0, coords_comp_stride = 0;
988   CeedQFunctionField    *qf_input_fields, *qf_output_fields;
989   CeedQFunction_Hip_gen *qf_data;
990   CeedQFunction          qf;
991   CeedOperatorField     *op_input_fields, *op_output_fields;
992   CeedOperator_Hip_gen  *data;
993   std::ostringstream     code;
994 
995   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &data));
996   {
997     bool is_setup_done;
998 
999     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorIsSetupDone(op, &is_setup_done));
1000     if (is_setup_done) {
1001       *is_good_build = !data->use_fallback;
1002       return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
1003     }
1004   }
1005 
1006   // Check field compatibility
1007   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, &num_input_fields, &op_input_fields, &num_output_fields, &op_output_fields));
1008   {
1009     bool has_shared_bases = true, is_all_tensor = true, is_all_nontensor = true;
1010 
1011     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
1012       CeedBasis basis;
1013 
1014       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_input_fields[i], &basis));
1015       if (basis != CEED_BASIS_NONE) {
1016         bool        is_tensor = true;
1017         const char *resource;
1018         char       *resource_root;
1019         Ceed        basis_ceed;
1020 
1021         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisIsTensor(basis, &is_tensor));
1022         is_all_tensor    = is_all_tensor && is_tensor;
1023         is_all_nontensor = is_all_nontensor && !is_tensor;
1024         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetCeed(basis, &basis_ceed));
1025         CeedCallBackend(CeedGetResource(basis_ceed, &resource));
1026         CeedCallBackend(CeedGetResourceRoot(basis_ceed, resource, ":", &resource_root));
1027         has_shared_bases = has_shared_bases && !strcmp(resource_root, "/gpu/hip/shared");
1028         CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&resource_root));
1029         CeedCallBackend(CeedDestroy(&basis_ceed));
1030       }
1031       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis));
1032     }
1033 
1034     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
1035       CeedBasis basis;
1036 
1037       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_output_fields[i], &basis));
1038       if (basis != CEED_BASIS_NONE) {
1039         bool        is_tensor = true;
1040         const char *resource;
1041         char       *resource_root;
1042         Ceed        basis_ceed;
1043 
1044         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisIsTensor(basis, &is_tensor));
1045         is_all_tensor    = is_all_tensor && is_tensor;
1046         is_all_nontensor = is_all_nontensor && !is_tensor;
1047 
1048         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetCeed(basis, &basis_ceed));
1049         CeedCallBackend(CeedGetResource(basis_ceed, &resource));
1050         CeedCallBackend(CeedGetResourceRoot(basis_ceed, resource, ":", &resource_root));
1051         has_shared_bases = has_shared_bases && !strcmp(resource_root, "/gpu/hip/shared");
1052         CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&resource_root));
1053         CeedCallBackend(CeedDestroy(&basis_ceed));
1054       }
1055       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis));
1056     }
1057     // -- Fallback to ref if not all bases are shared
1058     if (!has_shared_bases || (!is_all_tensor && !is_all_nontensor)) {
1059       *is_good_build = false;
1060       return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
1061     }
1062   }
1063   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
1064   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
1065   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetData(qf, &qf_data));
1066   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_input_fields, NULL, &qf_output_fields));
1067 
1068   // Get operator data
1069   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorIsAtPoints(op, &is_at_points));
1070   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorBuildKernelData_Hip_gen(ceed, num_input_fields, op_input_fields, qf_input_fields, num_output_fields, op_output_fields,
1071                                                       qf_output_fields, &data->max_P_1d, &Q_1d, &dim, &is_tensor, &use_3d_slices));
1072   if (dim == 0) dim = 1;
1073   data->dim = dim;
1074   if (is_at_points) {
1075     CeedElemRestriction_Hip *rstr_data;
1076     CeedElemRestriction      rstr_points = NULL;
1077 
1078     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorAtPointsGetPoints(op, &rstr_points, NULL));
1079     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetMaxPointsInElement(rstr_points, &max_num_points));
1080     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetCompStride(rstr_points, &coords_comp_stride));
1081     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetData(rstr_points, &rstr_data));
1082     data->points.indices = (CeedInt *)rstr_data->d_offsets;
1083     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_points));
1084   }
1085   if (is_at_points) use_3d_slices = false;
1086   if (Q_1d == 0) {
1087     if (is_at_points) Q_1d = max_num_points;
1088     else CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumQuadraturePoints(op, &Q_1d));
1089   }
1090   data->Q_1d = Q_1d;
1091 
1092   // Check for restriction only identity operator
1093   {
1094     bool is_identity_qf;
1095 
1096     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionIsIdentity(qf, &is_identity_qf));
1097     if (is_identity_qf) {
1098       CeedEvalMode eval_mode_in, eval_mode_out;
1099 
1100       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_input_fields[0], &eval_mode_in));
1101       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[0], &eval_mode_out));
1102       CeedCheck(eval_mode_in != CEED_EVAL_NONE || eval_mode_out != CEED_EVAL_NONE, ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND,
1103                 "Backend does not implement restriction only identity operators");
1104     }
1105   }
1106 
1107   // Load basis source files
1108   if (is_tensor) {
1109     code << "// Tensor basis source\n";
1110     code << "#include <ceed/jit-source/hip/hip-shared-basis-tensor-templates.h>\n\n";
1111   } else {
1112     code << "// Non-tensor basis source\n";
1113     code << "#include <ceed/jit-source/hip/hip-shared-basis-nontensor-templates.h>\n\n";
1114   }
1115   if (is_at_points) {
1116     code << "// AtPoints basis source\n";
1117     code << "#include <ceed/jit-source/hip/hip-shared-basis-tensor-at-points-templates.h>\n\n";
1118   }
1119   code << "// CodeGen operator source\n";
1120   code << "#include <ceed/jit-source/hip/hip-gen-templates.h>\n\n";
1121 
1122   // Get QFunction name
1123   std::string qfunction_name(qf_data->qfunction_name);
1124   std::string operator_name;
1125 
1126   operator_name = "CeedKernelHipGenOperator_" + qfunction_name;
1127 
1128   // Define CEED_Q_VLA
1129   code << "\n#undef CEED_Q_VLA\n";
1130   if (dim != 3 || is_at_points || use_3d_slices || !is_tensor) {
1131     code << "#define CEED_Q_VLA 1\n\n";
1132   } else {
1133     code << "#define CEED_Q_VLA " << Q_1d << "\n\n";
1134   }
1135 
1136   // Add user QFunction source
1137   {
1138     const char *source_path;
1139 
1140     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetSourcePath(qf, &source_path));
1141     CeedCheck(source_path, ceed, CEED_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED, "/gpu/hip/gen backend requires QFunction source code file");
1142 
1143     code << "// User QFunction source\n";
1144     code << "#include \"" << source_path << "\"\n\n";
1145   }
1146 
1147   // Setup
1148   code << "\n// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n";
1149   code << "// Operator Kernel\n";
1150   code << "// \n";
1151   code << "// d_[in,out]_i:   CeedVector device array\n";
1152   code << "// r_[in,out]_e_i: Element vector register\n";
1153   code << "// r_[in,out]_q_i: Quadrature space vector register\n";
1154   code << "// r_[in,out]_c_i: AtPoints Chebyshev coefficients register\n";
1155   code << "// r_[in,out]_s_i: Quadrature space slice vector register\n";
1156   code << "// \n";
1157   code << "// s_B_[in,out]_i: Interpolation matrix, shared memory\n";
1158   code << "// s_G_[in,out]_i: Gradient matrix, shared memory\n";
1159   code << "// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n";
1160   code << "\nextern \"C\" __launch_bounds__(BLOCK_SIZE)\n";
1161   code << "__global__ void " << operator_name
1162        << "(CeedInt num_elem, void* ctx, FieldsInt_Hip indices, Fields_Hip fields, Fields_Hip B, Fields_Hip G, CeedScalar* W, Points_Hip points) {\n";
1163 
1164   // Scratch buffers
1165   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
1166     CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
1167 
1168     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_input_fields[i], &eval_mode));
1169     if (eval_mode != CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) {  // Skip CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT
1170       code << "  const CeedScalar *d_in_" << i << " = fields.inputs[" << i << "];\n";
1171     }
1172   }
1173   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
1174     code << "  CeedScalar *d_out_" << i << " = fields.outputs[" << i << "];\n";
1175   }
1176 
1177   code << "  const CeedInt dim = " << dim << ";\n";
1178   code << "  const CeedInt " << (is_tensor ? "Q_1d" : "Q") << " = " << Q_1d << ";\n";
1179   if (is_at_points) {
1180     code << "  const CeedInt max_num_points = " << max_num_points << ";\n";
1181     code << "  const CeedInt coords_comp_stride = " << coords_comp_stride << ";\n";
1182   }
1183 
1184   // Shared data
1185   code << "  extern __shared__ CeedScalar slice[];\n";
1186   code << "  SharedData_Hip data;\n";
1187   code << "  data.t_id_x = threadIdx.x;\n";
1188   code << "  data.t_id_y = threadIdx.y;\n";
1189   code << "  data.t_id_z = threadIdx.z;\n";
1190   code << "  data.t_id  = threadIdx.x + threadIdx.y*blockDim.x + threadIdx.z*blockDim.y*blockDim.x;\n";
1191   code << "  data.slice = slice + data.t_id_z*T_1D" << ((!is_tensor || dim == 1) ? "" : "*T_1D") << ";\n";
1192 
1193   // -- Determine input mat reuse
1194   FieldReuse_Hip input_matrix_reuse[CEED_FIELD_MAX];
1195 
1196   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
1197     input_matrix_reuse[i].index = -1;
1198   }
1199   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
1200     CeedEvalMode eval_mode_i;
1201     CeedBasis    basis_i;
1202 
1203     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_input_fields[i], &eval_mode_i));
1204     if (eval_mode_i == CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) continue;
1205     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_input_fields[i], &basis_i));
1206     for (CeedInt j = 0; (input_matrix_reuse[i].index == -1) && (j < i); j++) {
1207       CeedEvalMode eval_mode_j;
1208       CeedBasis    basis_j;
1209 
1210       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_input_fields[j], &eval_mode_j));
1211       if (eval_mode_j == CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) continue;
1212       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_input_fields[j], &basis_j));
1213       if (basis_i == basis_j) {
1214         if (is_tensor) {
1215           input_matrix_reuse[i].index     = j;
1216           input_matrix_reuse[i].is_input  = true;
1217           input_matrix_reuse[i].eval_mode = eval_mode_j;
1218         } else {
1219           // For non-tensor can only re-use with the same eval mode
1220           if (eval_mode_i == eval_mode_j) {
1221             input_matrix_reuse[i].index     = j;
1222             input_matrix_reuse[i].is_input  = true;
1223             input_matrix_reuse[i].eval_mode = eval_mode_j;
1224           }
1225         }
1226       }
1227       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis_j));
1228     }
1229     CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis_i));
1230   }
1231 
1232   // -- Determine output mat reuse
1233   FieldReuse_Hip output_matrix_reuse[CEED_FIELD_MAX];
1234 
1235   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
1236     output_matrix_reuse[i].index = -1;
1237   }
1238   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
1239     CeedEvalMode eval_mode_i;
1240     CeedBasis    basis_i;
1241 
1242     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode_i));
1243     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_output_fields[i], &basis_i));
1244     for (CeedInt j = 0; (output_matrix_reuse[i].index == -1) && (j < num_input_fields); j++) {
1245       CeedEvalMode eval_mode_j;
1246       CeedBasis    basis_j;
1247 
1248       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_input_fields[j], &eval_mode_j));
1249       if (eval_mode_j == CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) continue;
1250       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_input_fields[j], &basis_j));
1251       if (basis_i == basis_j) {
1252         if (is_tensor) {
1253           output_matrix_reuse[i].index     = j;
1254           output_matrix_reuse[i].is_input  = true;
1255           output_matrix_reuse[i].eval_mode = eval_mode_j;
1256         } else {
1257           // For non-tensor can only re-use with the same eval mode
1258           if (eval_mode_i == eval_mode_j) {
1259             output_matrix_reuse[i].index     = j;
1260             output_matrix_reuse[i].is_input  = true;
1261             output_matrix_reuse[i].eval_mode = eval_mode_j;
1262           }
1263         }
1264       }
1265       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis_j));
1266     }
1267     for (CeedInt j = 0; (output_matrix_reuse[i].index == -1) && (j < i); j++) {
1268       CeedEvalMode eval_mode_j;
1269       CeedBasis    basis_j;
1270 
1271       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[j], &eval_mode_j));
1272       if (eval_mode_j == CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) continue;
1273       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_output_fields[j], &basis_j));
1274       if (basis_i == basis_j) {
1275         if (is_tensor) {
1276           output_matrix_reuse[i].index     = j;
1277           output_matrix_reuse[i].is_input  = false;
1278           output_matrix_reuse[i].eval_mode = eval_mode_j;
1279         } else {
1280           // For non-tensor can only re-use with the same eval mode
1281           if (eval_mode_i == eval_mode_j) {
1282             output_matrix_reuse[i].index     = j;
1283             output_matrix_reuse[i].is_input  = false;
1284             output_matrix_reuse[i].eval_mode = eval_mode_j;
1285           }
1286         }
1287       }
1288       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis_j));
1289     }
1290     CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis_i));
1291   }
1292 
1293   // Initialize constants, and matrices B and G
1294   code << "\n  // Input field constants and basis data\n";
1295   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
1296     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorBuildKernelFieldData_Hip_gen(code, data, i, op_input_fields[i], qf_input_fields[i], input_matrix_reuse[i], Q_1d, true,
1297                                                              is_tensor, is_at_points, use_3d_slices));
1298   }
1299   code << "\n  // Output field constants and basis data\n";
1300   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
1301     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorBuildKernelFieldData_Hip_gen(code, data, i, op_output_fields[i], qf_output_fields[i], output_matrix_reuse[i], Q_1d,
1302                                                              false, is_tensor, is_at_points, use_3d_slices));
1303   }
1304 
1305   // Loop over all elements
1306   code << "\n  // Element loop\n";
1307   code << "  __syncthreads();\n";
1308   code << "  for (CeedInt elem = blockIdx.x*blockDim.z + threadIdx.z; elem < num_elem; elem += gridDim.x*blockDim.z) {\n";
1309 
1310   // -- Compute minimum buffer space needed
1311   CeedInt max_rstr_buffer_size = 1;
1312 
1313   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
1314     CeedInt             num_comp, elem_size;
1315     CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
1316 
1317     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_input_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
1318     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumComponents(elem_rstr, &num_comp));
1319     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(elem_rstr, &elem_size));
1320     max_rstr_buffer_size = CeedIntMax(max_rstr_buffer_size, num_comp * (is_tensor && (dim >= 3) ? elem_size : 1));
1321     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&elem_rstr));
1322   }
1323   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
1324     CeedInt             num_comp, elem_size;
1325     CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
1326 
1327     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_output_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
1328     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumComponents(elem_rstr, &num_comp));
1329     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(elem_rstr, &elem_size));
1330     max_rstr_buffer_size = CeedIntMax(max_rstr_buffer_size, num_comp * (is_tensor && (dim >= 3) ? elem_size : 1));
1331     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&elem_rstr));
1332   }
1333   code << "    // Scratch restriction buffer space\n";
1334   code << "    CeedScalar r_e_scratch[" << max_rstr_buffer_size << "];\n";
1335 
1336   // -- Determine best input field processing order
1337   CeedInt field_rstr_in_buffer[CEED_FIELD_MAX], input_field_order[CEED_FIELD_MAX];
1338 
1339   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
1340     field_rstr_in_buffer[i] = -1;
1341     input_field_order[i]    = -1;
1342   }
1343   {
1344     bool    is_ordered[CEED_FIELD_MAX];
1345     CeedInt curr_index = 0;
1346 
1347     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) is_ordered[i] = false;
1348     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
1349       CeedVector          vec_i;
1350       CeedElemRestriction rstr_i;
1351 
1352       if (is_ordered[i]) continue;
1353       field_rstr_in_buffer[i]       = i;
1354       is_ordered[i]                 = true;
1355       input_field_order[curr_index] = i;
1356       curr_index++;
1357       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_fields[i], &vec_i));
1358       if (vec_i == CEED_VECTOR_NONE) continue;  // CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT
1359       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_input_fields[i], &rstr_i));
1360       for (CeedInt j = i + 1; j < num_input_fields; j++) {
1361         CeedVector          vec_j;
1362         CeedElemRestriction rstr_j;
1363 
1364         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_fields[j], &vec_j));
1365         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_input_fields[j], &rstr_j));
1366         if (rstr_i == rstr_j && vec_i == vec_j) {
1367           field_rstr_in_buffer[j]       = i;
1368           is_ordered[j]                 = true;
1369           input_field_order[curr_index] = j;
1370           curr_index++;
1371         }
1372         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec_j));
1373         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_j));
1374       }
1375       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec_i));
1376       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_i));
1377     }
1378   }
1379 
1380   // -- Input restriction and basis
1381   code << "\n    // -- Input field restrictions and basis actions\n";
1382   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
1383     CeedInt f = input_field_order[i];
1384 
1385     code << "    // ---- Input field " << f << "\n";
1386 
1387     // ---- Restriction
1388     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorBuildKernelRestriction_Hip_gen(code, data, f, dim, field_rstr_in_buffer, op_input_fields[f], qf_input_fields[f], Q_1d,
1389                                                                true, is_tensor, is_at_points, use_3d_slices));
1390 
1391     // ---- Basis action
1392     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorBuildKernelBasis_Hip_gen(code, data, f, dim, op_input_fields[f], qf_input_fields[f], Q_1d, true, is_tensor,
1393                                                          is_at_points, use_3d_slices));
1394   }
1395 
1396   // -- Q function
1397   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorBuildKernelQFunction_Hip_gen(code, data, dim, max_num_points, num_input_fields, op_input_fields, qf_input_fields,
1398                                                            num_output_fields, op_output_fields, qf_output_fields, qfunction_name, Q_1d, is_tensor,
1399                                                            is_at_points, use_3d_slices));
1400 
1401   // -- Output basis and restriction
1402   code << "\n    // -- Output field basis action and restrictions\n";
1403   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
1404     code << "    // ---- Output field " << i << "\n";
1405 
1406     // ---- Basis action
1407     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorBuildKernelBasis_Hip_gen(code, data, i, dim, op_output_fields[i], qf_output_fields[i], Q_1d, false, is_tensor,
1408                                                          is_at_points, use_3d_slices));
1409 
1410     // ---- Restriction
1411     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorBuildKernelRestriction_Hip_gen(code, data, i, dim, NULL, op_output_fields[i], qf_output_fields[i], Q_1d, false,
1412                                                                is_tensor, is_at_points, use_3d_slices));
1413   }
1414 
1415   // Close loop and function
1416   code << "  }\n";
1417   code << "}\n";
1418   code << "// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------\n\n";
1419 
1420   CeedInt block_sizes[3] = {0, 0, 0};
1421   CeedInt num_elem;
1422 
1423   // Compile
1424   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumElements(op, &num_elem));
1425   CeedCallBackend(BlockGridCalculate_Hip_gen(is_tensor ? dim : 1, num_elem, data->max_P_1d, Q_1d, block_sizes));
1426   {
1427     bool is_compile_good = false;
1428 
1429     CeedCallBackend(CeedTryCompile_Hip(ceed, code.str().c_str(), &is_compile_good, &data->module, 2, "T_1D", block_sizes[0], "BLOCK_SIZE",
1430                                        block_sizes[0] * block_sizes[1] * block_sizes[2]));
1431     if (is_compile_good) {
1432       *is_good_build = true;
1433       CeedCallBackend(CeedGetKernel_Hip(ceed, data->module, operator_name.c_str(), &data->op));
1434     } else {
1435       *is_good_build     = false;
1436       data->use_fallback = true;
1437     }
1438   }
1439   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetSetupDone(op));
1440   CeedCallBackend(CeedDestroy(&ceed));
1441   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionDestroy(&qf));
1442   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
1443 }
1444 
1445 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1446