xref: /libCEED/backends/hip-ref/ceed-hip-ref-operator.c (revision 99641342ef271fbaf0db3da7242ca437a6202b8c)
1 // Copyright (c) 2017-2025, Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC and other CEED contributors.
2 // All Rights Reserved. See the top-level LICENSE and NOTICE files for details.
3 //
4 // SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
5 //
6 // This file is part of CEED:  http://github.com/ceed
7 
8 #include <ceed.h>
9 #include <ceed/backend.h>
10 #include <ceed/jit-tools.h>
11 #include <assert.h>
12 #include <stdbool.h>
13 #include <string.h>
14 #include <hip/hip_runtime.h>
15 
16 #include "../hip/ceed-hip-common.h"
17 #include "../hip/ceed-hip-compile.h"
18 #include "ceed-hip-ref.h"
19 
20 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
21 // Destroy operator
22 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
23 static int CeedOperatorDestroy_Hip(CeedOperator op) {
24   CeedOperator_Hip *impl;
25 
26   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
27 
28   // Apply data
29   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->num_points));
30   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->skip_rstr_in));
31   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->skip_rstr_out));
32   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->apply_add_basis_out));
33   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->input_field_order));
34   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->output_field_order));
35   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->input_states));
36 
37   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < impl->num_inputs; i++) {
38     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&impl->e_vecs_in[i]));
39     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&impl->q_vecs_in[i]));
40   }
41   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->e_vecs_in));
42   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->q_vecs_in));
43 
44   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < impl->num_outputs; i++) {
45     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&impl->e_vecs_out[i]));
46     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&impl->q_vecs_out[i]));
47   }
48   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->e_vecs_out));
49   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->q_vecs_out));
50   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&impl->point_coords_elem));
51 
52   // QFunction assembly data
53   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < impl->num_active_in; i++) {
54     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&impl->qf_active_in[i]));
55   }
56   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->qf_active_in));
57 
58   // Diag data
59   if (impl->diag) {
60     Ceed ceed;
61 
62     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
63     if (impl->diag->module) {
64       CeedCallHip(ceed, hipModuleUnload(impl->diag->module));
65     }
66     if (impl->diag->module_point_block) {
67       CeedCallHip(ceed, hipModuleUnload(impl->diag->module_point_block));
68     }
69     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_eval_modes_in));
70     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_eval_modes_out));
71     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_identity));
72     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_interp_in));
73     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_interp_out));
74     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_grad_in));
75     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_grad_out));
76     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_div_in));
77     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_div_out));
78     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_curl_in));
79     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_curl_out));
80     CeedCallBackend(CeedDestroy(&ceed));
81     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&impl->diag->elem_diag));
82     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&impl->diag->point_block_elem_diag));
83     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&impl->diag->diag_rstr));
84     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&impl->diag->point_block_diag_rstr));
85   }
86   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->diag));
87 
88   if (impl->asmb) {
89     Ceed ceed;
90 
91     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
92     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipModuleUnload(impl->asmb->module));
93     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->asmb->d_B_in));
94     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->asmb->d_B_out));
95     CeedCallBackend(CeedDestroy(&ceed));
96   }
97   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->asmb));
98 
99   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl));
100   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
101 }
102 
103 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
104 // Setup infields or outfields
105 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
106 static int CeedOperatorSetupFields_Hip(CeedQFunction qf, CeedOperator op, bool is_input, bool is_at_points, bool *skip_rstr, bool *apply_add_basis,
107                                        CeedVector *e_vecs, CeedVector *q_vecs, CeedInt num_fields, CeedInt Q, CeedInt num_elem) {
108   Ceed                ceed;
109   CeedQFunctionField *qf_fields;
110   CeedOperatorField  *op_fields;
111 
112   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
113   if (is_input) {
114     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, NULL, &op_fields, NULL, NULL));
115     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_fields, NULL, NULL));
116   } else {
117     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, NULL, NULL, NULL, &op_fields));
118     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, NULL, NULL, &qf_fields));
119   }
120 
121   // Loop over fields
122   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_fields; i++) {
123     bool                is_active = false, is_strided = false, skip_e_vec = false;
124     CeedSize            q_size;
125     CeedInt             size;
126     CeedEvalMode        eval_mode;
127     CeedVector          l_vec;
128     CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
129 
130     // Check whether this field can skip the element restriction:
131     // Input CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE
132     // Output CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE without CEED_EVAL_NONE
133     // Input CEED_VECTOR_NONE with CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT
134     // Input passive vector with CEED_EVAL_NONE and strided restriction with CEED_STRIDES_BACKEND
135     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_fields[i], &l_vec));
136     is_active = l_vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE;
137     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&l_vec));
138     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
139     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_fields[i], &eval_mode));
140     skip_e_vec = (is_input && is_active) || (is_active && eval_mode != CEED_EVAL_NONE) || (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT);
141     if (!skip_e_vec && is_input && !is_active && eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE) {
142       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionIsStrided(elem_rstr, &is_strided));
143       if (is_strided) CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionHasBackendStrides(elem_rstr, &skip_e_vec));
144     }
145     if (skip_e_vec) {
146       e_vecs[i] = NULL;
147     } else {
148       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionCreateVector(elem_rstr, NULL, &e_vecs[i]));
149     }
150     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&elem_rstr));
151 
152     switch (eval_mode) {
153       case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
154       case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
155       case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
156       case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
157       case CEED_EVAL_CURL:
158         CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetSize(qf_fields[i], &size));
159         q_size = (CeedSize)num_elem * (CeedSize)Q * (CeedSize)size;
160         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorCreate(ceed, q_size, &q_vecs[i]));
161         break;
162       case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT: {
163         CeedBasis basis;
164 
165         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_fields[i], &basis));
166         q_size = (CeedSize)num_elem * (CeedSize)Q;
167         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorCreate(ceed, q_size, &q_vecs[i]));
168         if (is_at_points) {
169           CeedInt num_points[num_elem];
170 
171           for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_elem; i++) num_points[i] = Q;
172           CeedCallBackend(
173               CeedBasisApplyAtPoints(basis, num_elem, num_points, CEED_NOTRANSPOSE, CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT, CEED_VECTOR_NONE, CEED_VECTOR_NONE, q_vecs[i]));
174         } else {
175           CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisApply(basis, num_elem, CEED_NOTRANSPOSE, CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT, CEED_VECTOR_NONE, q_vecs[i]));
176         }
177         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis));
178         break;
179       }
180     }
181   }
182   // Drop duplicate restrictions
183   if (is_input) {
184     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_fields; i++) {
185       CeedVector          vec_i;
186       CeedElemRestriction rstr_i;
187 
188       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_fields[i], &vec_i));
189       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_fields[i], &rstr_i));
190       for (CeedInt j = i + 1; j < num_fields; j++) {
191         CeedVector          vec_j;
192         CeedElemRestriction rstr_j;
193 
194         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_fields[j], &vec_j));
195         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_fields[j], &rstr_j));
196         if (vec_i == vec_j && rstr_i == rstr_j) {
197           if (e_vecs[i]) CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorReferenceCopy(e_vecs[i], &e_vecs[j]));
198           skip_rstr[j] = true;
199         }
200         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec_j));
201         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_j));
202       }
203       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec_i));
204       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_i));
205     }
206   } else {
207     for (CeedInt i = num_fields - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
208       CeedVector          vec_i;
209       CeedElemRestriction rstr_i;
210 
211       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_fields[i], &vec_i));
212       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_fields[i], &rstr_i));
213       for (CeedInt j = i - 1; j >= 0; j--) {
214         CeedVector          vec_j;
215         CeedElemRestriction rstr_j;
216 
217         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_fields[j], &vec_j));
218         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_fields[j], &rstr_j));
219         if (vec_i == vec_j && rstr_i == rstr_j) {
220           if (e_vecs[i]) CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorReferenceCopy(e_vecs[i], &e_vecs[j]));
221           skip_rstr[j]       = true;
222           apply_add_basis[i] = true;
223         }
224         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec_j));
225         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_j));
226       }
227       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec_i));
228       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_i));
229     }
230   }
231   CeedCallBackend(CeedDestroy(&ceed));
232   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
233 }
234 
235 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
236 // CeedOperator needs to connect all the named fields (be they active or passive) to the named inputs and outputs of its CeedQFunction.
237 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
238 static int CeedOperatorSetup_Hip(CeedOperator op) {
239   bool                is_setup_done;
240   CeedInt             Q, num_elem, num_input_fields, num_output_fields;
241   CeedQFunctionField *qf_input_fields, *qf_output_fields;
242   CeedQFunction       qf;
243   CeedOperatorField  *op_input_fields, *op_output_fields;
244   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
245 
246   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorIsSetupDone(op, &is_setup_done));
247   if (is_setup_done) return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
248 
249   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
250   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
251   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumQuadraturePoints(op, &Q));
252   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumElements(op, &num_elem));
253   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, &num_input_fields, &op_input_fields, &num_output_fields, &op_output_fields));
254   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_input_fields, NULL, &qf_output_fields));
255 
256   // Allocate
257   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_input_fields, &impl->e_vecs_in));
258   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_output_fields, &impl->e_vecs_out));
259   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_input_fields, &impl->skip_rstr_in));
260   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_output_fields, &impl->skip_rstr_out));
261   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_output_fields, &impl->apply_add_basis_out));
262   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_input_fields, &impl->input_field_order));
263   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_output_fields, &impl->output_field_order));
264   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_input_fields, &impl->input_states));
265   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_input_fields, &impl->q_vecs_in));
266   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_output_fields, &impl->q_vecs_out));
267   impl->num_inputs  = num_input_fields;
268   impl->num_outputs = num_output_fields;
269 
270   // Set up infield and outfield e-vecs and q-vecs
271   CeedCallBackend(
272       CeedOperatorSetupFields_Hip(qf, op, true, false, impl->skip_rstr_in, NULL, impl->e_vecs_in, impl->q_vecs_in, num_input_fields, Q, num_elem));
273   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetupFields_Hip(qf, op, false, false, impl->skip_rstr_out, impl->apply_add_basis_out, impl->e_vecs_out,
274                                               impl->q_vecs_out, num_output_fields, Q, num_elem));
275 
276   // Reorder fields to allow reuse of buffers
277   impl->max_active_e_vec_len = 0;
278   {
279     bool    is_ordered[CEED_FIELD_MAX];
280     CeedInt curr_index = 0;
281 
282     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) is_ordered[i] = false;
283     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
284       CeedSize            e_vec_len_i;
285       CeedVector          vec_i;
286       CeedElemRestriction rstr_i;
287 
288       if (is_ordered[i]) continue;
289       is_ordered[i]                       = true;
290       impl->input_field_order[curr_index] = i;
291       curr_index++;
292       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_fields[i], &vec_i));
293       if (vec_i == CEED_VECTOR_NONE) {
294         // CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT
295         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec_i));
296         continue;
297       };
298       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_input_fields[i], &rstr_i));
299       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetEVectorSize(rstr_i, &e_vec_len_i));
300       impl->max_active_e_vec_len = e_vec_len_i > impl->max_active_e_vec_len ? e_vec_len_i : impl->max_active_e_vec_len;
301       for (CeedInt j = i + 1; j < num_input_fields; j++) {
302         CeedVector          vec_j;
303         CeedElemRestriction rstr_j;
304 
305         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_fields[j], &vec_j));
306         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_input_fields[j], &rstr_j));
307         if (rstr_i == rstr_j && vec_i == vec_j) {
308           is_ordered[j]                       = true;
309           impl->input_field_order[curr_index] = j;
310           curr_index++;
311         }
312         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec_j));
313         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_j));
314       }
315       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec_i));
316       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_i));
317     }
318   }
319   {
320     bool    is_ordered[CEED_FIELD_MAX];
321     CeedInt curr_index = 0;
322 
323     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) is_ordered[i] = false;
324     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
325       CeedSize            e_vec_len_i;
326       CeedVector          vec_i;
327       CeedElemRestriction rstr_i;
328 
329       if (is_ordered[i]) continue;
330       is_ordered[i]                        = true;
331       impl->output_field_order[curr_index] = i;
332       curr_index++;
333       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_output_fields[i], &vec_i));
334       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_output_fields[i], &rstr_i));
335       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetEVectorSize(rstr_i, &e_vec_len_i));
336       impl->max_active_e_vec_len = e_vec_len_i > impl->max_active_e_vec_len ? e_vec_len_i : impl->max_active_e_vec_len;
337       for (CeedInt j = i + 1; j < num_output_fields; j++) {
338         CeedVector          vec_j;
339         CeedElemRestriction rstr_j;
340 
341         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_output_fields[j], &vec_j));
342         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_output_fields[j], &rstr_j));
343         if (rstr_i == rstr_j && vec_i == vec_j) {
344           is_ordered[j]                        = true;
345           impl->output_field_order[curr_index] = j;
346           curr_index++;
347         }
348         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec_j));
349         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_j));
350       }
351       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec_i));
352       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_i));
353     }
354   }
355   CeedCallBackend(CeedClearWorkVectors(CeedOperatorReturnCeed(op), impl->max_active_e_vec_len));
356   {
357     // Create two work vectors for diagonal assembly
358     CeedVector temp_1, temp_2;
359 
360     CeedCallBackend(CeedGetWorkVector(CeedOperatorReturnCeed(op), impl->max_active_e_vec_len, &temp_1));
361     CeedCallBackend(CeedGetWorkVector(CeedOperatorReturnCeed(op), impl->max_active_e_vec_len, &temp_2));
362     CeedCallBackend(CeedRestoreWorkVector(CeedOperatorReturnCeed(op), &temp_1));
363     CeedCallBackend(CeedRestoreWorkVector(CeedOperatorReturnCeed(op), &temp_2));
364   }
365   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetSetupDone(op));
366   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionDestroy(&qf));
367   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
368 }
369 
370 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
371 // Restrict Operator Inputs
372 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
373 static inline int CeedOperatorInputRestrict_Hip(CeedOperatorField op_input_field, CeedQFunctionField qf_input_field, CeedInt input_field,
374                                                 CeedVector in_vec, CeedVector active_e_vec, const bool skip_active, CeedOperator_Hip *impl,
375                                                 CeedRequest *request) {
376   bool       is_active = false;
377   CeedVector l_vec, e_vec = impl->e_vecs_in[input_field];
378 
379   // Get input vector
380   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_field, &l_vec));
381   is_active = l_vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE;
382   if (is_active && skip_active) return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
383   if (is_active) {
384     l_vec = in_vec;
385     if (!e_vec) e_vec = active_e_vec;
386   }
387 
388   // Restriction action
389   if (e_vec) {
390     // Restrict, if necessary
391     if (!impl->skip_rstr_in[input_field]) {
392       uint64_t state;
393 
394       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetState(l_vec, &state));
395       if (is_active || state != impl->input_states[input_field]) {
396         CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
397 
398         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_input_field, &elem_rstr));
399         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionApply(elem_rstr, CEED_NOTRANSPOSE, l_vec, e_vec, request));
400         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&elem_rstr));
401       }
402       impl->input_states[input_field] = state;
403     }
404   }
405   if (!is_active) CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&l_vec));
406   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
407 }
408 
409 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
410 // Input Basis Action
411 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
412 static inline int CeedOperatorInputBasis_Hip(CeedOperatorField op_input_field, CeedQFunctionField qf_input_field, CeedInt input_field,
413                                              CeedVector in_vec, CeedVector active_e_vec, CeedInt num_elem, const bool skip_active,
414                                              CeedOperator_Hip *impl) {
415   bool         is_active = false;
416   CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
417   CeedVector   l_vec, e_vec = impl->e_vecs_in[input_field], q_vec = impl->q_vecs_in[input_field];
418 
419   // Skip active input
420   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_field, &l_vec));
421   is_active = l_vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE;
422   if (is_active && skip_active) return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
423   if (is_active) {
424     l_vec = in_vec;
425     if (!e_vec) e_vec = active_e_vec;
426   }
427 
428   // Basis action
429   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_input_field, &eval_mode));
430   switch (eval_mode) {
431     case CEED_EVAL_NONE: {
432       const CeedScalar *e_vec_array;
433 
434       if (e_vec) {
435         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayRead(e_vec, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &e_vec_array));
436       } else {
437         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayRead(l_vec, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &e_vec_array));
438       }
439       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetArray(q_vec, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, CEED_USE_POINTER, (CeedScalar *)e_vec_array));
440       break;
441     }
442     case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
443     case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
444     case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
445     case CEED_EVAL_CURL: {
446       CeedBasis basis;
447 
448       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_input_field, &basis));
449       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisApply(basis, num_elem, CEED_NOTRANSPOSE, eval_mode, e_vec, q_vec));
450       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis));
451       break;
452     }
453     case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT:
454       break;  // No action
455   }
456   if (!is_active) CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&l_vec));
457   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
458 }
459 
460 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
461 // Restore Input Vectors
462 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
463 static inline int CeedOperatorInputRestore_Hip(CeedOperatorField op_input_field, CeedQFunctionField qf_input_field, CeedInt input_field,
464                                                CeedVector in_vec, CeedVector active_e_vec, const bool skip_active, CeedOperator_Hip *impl) {
465   bool         is_active = false;
466   CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
467   CeedVector   l_vec, e_vec = impl->e_vecs_in[input_field];
468 
469   // Skip active input
470   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_field, &l_vec));
471   is_active = l_vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE;
472   if (is_active && skip_active) return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
473   if (is_active) {
474     l_vec = in_vec;
475     if (!e_vec) e_vec = active_e_vec;
476   }
477 
478   // Restore e-vec
479   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_input_field, &eval_mode));
480   if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE) {
481     const CeedScalar *e_vec_array;
482 
483     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorTakeArray(impl->q_vecs_in[input_field], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, (CeedScalar **)&e_vec_array));
484     if (e_vec) {
485       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArrayRead(e_vec, &e_vec_array));
486     } else {
487       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArrayRead(l_vec, &e_vec_array));
488     }
489   }
490   if (!is_active) CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&l_vec));
491   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
492 }
493 
494 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
495 // Apply and add to output
496 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
497 static int CeedOperatorApplyAdd_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedVector in_vec, CeedVector out_vec, CeedRequest *request) {
498   CeedInt             Q, num_elem, num_input_fields, num_output_fields;
499   Ceed                ceed;
500   CeedVector          active_e_vec;
501   CeedQFunctionField *qf_input_fields, *qf_output_fields;
502   CeedQFunction       qf;
503   CeedOperatorField  *op_input_fields, *op_output_fields;
504   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
505 
506   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
507   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
508   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
509   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumQuadraturePoints(op, &Q));
510   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumElements(op, &num_elem));
511   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, &num_input_fields, &op_input_fields, &num_output_fields, &op_output_fields));
512   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_input_fields, NULL, &qf_output_fields));
513 
514   // Setup
515   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetup_Hip(op));
516 
517   // Work vector
518   CeedCallBackend(CeedGetWorkVector(ceed, impl->max_active_e_vec_len, &active_e_vec));
519 
520   // Process inputs
521   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
522     CeedInt field = impl->input_field_order[i];
523 
524     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorInputRestrict_Hip(op_input_fields[field], qf_input_fields[field], field, in_vec, active_e_vec, false, impl, request));
525     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorInputBasis_Hip(op_input_fields[field], qf_input_fields[field], field, in_vec, active_e_vec, num_elem, false, impl));
526   }
527 
528   // Output pointers, as necessary
529   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
530     CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
531 
532     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
533     if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE) {
534       CeedScalar *e_vec_array;
535 
536       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayWrite(impl->e_vecs_out[i], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &e_vec_array));
537       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetArray(impl->q_vecs_out[i], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, CEED_USE_POINTER, e_vec_array));
538     }
539   }
540 
541   // Q function
542   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionApply(qf, num_elem * Q, impl->q_vecs_in, impl->q_vecs_out));
543 
544   // Restore input arrays
545   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
546     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorInputRestore_Hip(op_input_fields[i], qf_input_fields[i], i, in_vec, active_e_vec, false, impl));
547   }
548 
549   // Output basis and restriction
550   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
551     bool         is_active = false;
552     CeedInt      field     = impl->output_field_order[i];
553     CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
554     CeedVector   l_vec, e_vec = impl->e_vecs_out[field], q_vec = impl->q_vecs_out[field];
555 
556     // Output vector
557     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_output_fields[field], &l_vec));
558     is_active = l_vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE;
559     if (is_active) {
560       l_vec = out_vec;
561       if (!e_vec) e_vec = active_e_vec;
562     }
563 
564     // Basis action
565     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[field], &eval_mode));
566     switch (eval_mode) {
567       case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
568         break;  // No action
569       case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
570       case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
571       case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
572       case CEED_EVAL_CURL: {
573         CeedBasis basis;
574 
575         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_output_fields[field], &basis));
576         if (impl->apply_add_basis_out[field]) {
577           CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisApplyAdd(basis, num_elem, CEED_TRANSPOSE, eval_mode, q_vec, e_vec));
578         } else {
579           CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisApply(basis, num_elem, CEED_TRANSPOSE, eval_mode, q_vec, e_vec));
580         }
581         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis));
582         break;
583       }
584       // LCOV_EXCL_START
585       case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT: {
586         return CeedError(ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT cannot be an output evaluation mode");
587         // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
588       }
589     }
590 
591     // Restore evec
592     if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE) {
593       CeedScalar *e_vec_array;
594 
595       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorTakeArray(impl->q_vecs_out[i], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &e_vec_array));
596       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArray(e_vec, &e_vec_array));
597     }
598 
599     // Restrict
600     if (!impl->skip_rstr_out[field]) {
601       CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
602 
603       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_output_fields[field], &elem_rstr));
604       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionApply(elem_rstr, CEED_TRANSPOSE, e_vec, l_vec, request));
605       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&elem_rstr));
606     }
607     if (!is_active) CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&l_vec));
608   }
609 
610   // Return work vector
611   CeedCallBackend(CeedRestoreWorkVector(ceed, &active_e_vec));
612   CeedCallBackend(CeedDestroy(&ceed));
613   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionDestroy(&qf));
614   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
615 }
616 
617 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
618 // CeedOperator needs to connect all the named fields (be they active or passive) to the named inputs and outputs of its CeedQFunction.
619 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
620 static int CeedOperatorSetupAtPoints_Hip(CeedOperator op) {
621   bool                is_setup_done;
622   CeedInt             max_num_points = -1, num_elem, num_input_fields, num_output_fields;
623   CeedQFunctionField *qf_input_fields, *qf_output_fields;
624   CeedQFunction       qf;
625   CeedOperatorField  *op_input_fields, *op_output_fields;
626   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
627 
628   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorIsSetupDone(op, &is_setup_done));
629   if (is_setup_done) return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
630 
631   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
632   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
633   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumElements(op, &num_elem));
634   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, &num_input_fields, &op_input_fields, &num_output_fields, &op_output_fields));
635   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_input_fields, NULL, &qf_output_fields));
636   {
637     CeedElemRestriction rstr_points = NULL;
638 
639     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorAtPointsGetPoints(op, &rstr_points, NULL));
640     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetMaxPointsInElement(rstr_points, &max_num_points));
641     CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_elem, &impl->num_points));
642     for (CeedInt e = 0; e < num_elem; e++) {
643       CeedInt num_points_elem;
644 
645       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumPointsInElement(rstr_points, e, &num_points_elem));
646       impl->num_points[e] = num_points_elem;
647     }
648     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_points));
649   }
650   impl->max_num_points = max_num_points;
651 
652   // Allocate
653   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_input_fields, &impl->e_vecs_in));
654   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_output_fields, &impl->e_vecs_out));
655   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_input_fields, &impl->skip_rstr_in));
656   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_output_fields, &impl->skip_rstr_out));
657   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_output_fields, &impl->apply_add_basis_out));
658   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_input_fields, &impl->input_field_order));
659   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_output_fields, &impl->output_field_order));
660   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_input_fields, &impl->input_states));
661   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_input_fields, &impl->q_vecs_in));
662   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_output_fields, &impl->q_vecs_out));
663   impl->num_inputs  = num_input_fields;
664   impl->num_outputs = num_output_fields;
665 
666   // Set up infield and outfield e-vecs and q-vecs
667   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetupFields_Hip(qf, op, true, true, impl->skip_rstr_in, NULL, impl->e_vecs_in, impl->q_vecs_in, num_input_fields,
668                                               max_num_points, num_elem));
669   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetupFields_Hip(qf, op, false, true, impl->skip_rstr_out, impl->apply_add_basis_out, impl->e_vecs_out, impl->q_vecs_out,
670                                               num_output_fields, max_num_points, num_elem));
671 
672   // Reorder fields to allow reuse of buffers
673   impl->max_active_e_vec_len = 0;
674   {
675     bool    is_ordered[CEED_FIELD_MAX];
676     CeedInt curr_index = 0;
677 
678     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) is_ordered[i] = false;
679     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
680       CeedSize            e_vec_len_i;
681       CeedVector          vec_i;
682       CeedElemRestriction rstr_i;
683 
684       if (is_ordered[i]) continue;
685       is_ordered[i]                       = true;
686       impl->input_field_order[curr_index] = i;
687       curr_index++;
688       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_fields[i], &vec_i));
689       if (vec_i == CEED_VECTOR_NONE) {
690         // CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT
691         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec_i));
692         continue;
693       };
694       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_input_fields[i], &rstr_i));
695       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetEVectorSize(rstr_i, &e_vec_len_i));
696       impl->max_active_e_vec_len = e_vec_len_i > impl->max_active_e_vec_len ? e_vec_len_i : impl->max_active_e_vec_len;
697       for (CeedInt j = i + 1; j < num_input_fields; j++) {
698         CeedVector          vec_j;
699         CeedElemRestriction rstr_j;
700 
701         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_fields[j], &vec_j));
702         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_input_fields[j], &rstr_j));
703         if (rstr_i == rstr_j && vec_i == vec_j) {
704           is_ordered[j]                       = true;
705           impl->input_field_order[curr_index] = j;
706           curr_index++;
707         }
708         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec_j));
709         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_j));
710       }
711       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec_i));
712       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_i));
713     }
714   }
715   {
716     bool    is_ordered[CEED_FIELD_MAX];
717     CeedInt curr_index = 0;
718 
719     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) is_ordered[i] = false;
720     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
721       CeedSize            e_vec_len_i;
722       CeedVector          vec_i;
723       CeedElemRestriction rstr_i;
724 
725       if (is_ordered[i]) continue;
726       is_ordered[i]                        = true;
727       impl->output_field_order[curr_index] = i;
728       curr_index++;
729       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_output_fields[i], &vec_i));
730       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_output_fields[i], &rstr_i));
731       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetEVectorSize(rstr_i, &e_vec_len_i));
732       impl->max_active_e_vec_len = e_vec_len_i > impl->max_active_e_vec_len ? e_vec_len_i : impl->max_active_e_vec_len;
733       for (CeedInt j = i + 1; j < num_output_fields; j++) {
734         CeedVector          vec_j;
735         CeedElemRestriction rstr_j;
736 
737         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_output_fields[j], &vec_j));
738         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_output_fields[j], &rstr_j));
739         if (rstr_i == rstr_j && vec_i == vec_j) {
740           is_ordered[j]                        = true;
741           impl->output_field_order[curr_index] = j;
742           curr_index++;
743         }
744         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec_j));
745         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_j));
746       }
747       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec_i));
748       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_i));
749     }
750   }
751   CeedCallBackend(CeedClearWorkVectors(CeedOperatorReturnCeed(op), impl->max_active_e_vec_len));
752   {
753     // Create two work vectors for diagonal assembly
754     CeedVector temp_1, temp_2;
755 
756     CeedCallBackend(CeedGetWorkVector(CeedOperatorReturnCeed(op), impl->max_active_e_vec_len, &temp_1));
757     CeedCallBackend(CeedGetWorkVector(CeedOperatorReturnCeed(op), impl->max_active_e_vec_len, &temp_2));
758     CeedCallBackend(CeedRestoreWorkVector(CeedOperatorReturnCeed(op), &temp_1));
759     CeedCallBackend(CeedRestoreWorkVector(CeedOperatorReturnCeed(op), &temp_2));
760   }
761   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetSetupDone(op));
762   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionDestroy(&qf));
763   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
764 }
765 
766 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
767 // Input Basis Action AtPoints
768 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
769 static inline int CeedOperatorInputBasisAtPoints_Hip(CeedOperatorField op_input_field, CeedQFunctionField qf_input_field, CeedInt input_field,
770                                                      CeedVector in_vec, CeedVector active_e_vec, CeedInt num_elem, const CeedInt *num_points,
771                                                      const bool skip_active, const bool skip_passive, CeedOperator_Hip *impl) {
772   bool         is_active = false;
773   CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
774   CeedVector   l_vec, e_vec = impl->e_vecs_in[input_field], q_vec = impl->q_vecs_in[input_field];
775 
776   // Skip active input
777   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_field, &l_vec));
778   is_active = l_vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE;
779   if (skip_active && is_active) return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
780   if (skip_passive && !is_active) {
781     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&l_vec));
782     return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
783   }
784   if (is_active) {
785     l_vec = in_vec;
786     if (!e_vec) e_vec = active_e_vec;
787   }
788 
789   // Basis action
790   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_input_field, &eval_mode));
791   switch (eval_mode) {
792     case CEED_EVAL_NONE: {
793       const CeedScalar *e_vec_array;
794 
795       if (e_vec) {
796         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayRead(e_vec, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &e_vec_array));
797       } else {
798         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayRead(l_vec, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &e_vec_array));
799       }
800       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetArray(q_vec, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, CEED_USE_POINTER, (CeedScalar *)e_vec_array));
801       break;
802     }
803     case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
804     case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
805     case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
806     case CEED_EVAL_CURL: {
807       CeedBasis basis;
808 
809       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_input_field, &basis));
810       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisApplyAtPoints(basis, num_elem, num_points, CEED_NOTRANSPOSE, eval_mode, impl->point_coords_elem, e_vec, q_vec));
811       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis));
812       break;
813     }
814     case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT:
815       break;  // No action
816   }
817   if (!is_active) CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&l_vec));
818   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
819 }
820 
821 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
822 // Apply and add to output AtPoints
823 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
824 static int CeedOperatorApplyAddAtPoints_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedVector in_vec, CeedVector out_vec, CeedRequest *request) {
825   CeedInt             max_num_points, *num_points, num_elem, num_input_fields, num_output_fields;
826   Ceed                ceed;
827   CeedVector          active_e_vec;
828   CeedQFunctionField *qf_input_fields, *qf_output_fields;
829   CeedQFunction       qf;
830   CeedOperatorField  *op_input_fields, *op_output_fields;
831   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
832 
833   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
834   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
835   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
836   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumElements(op, &num_elem));
837   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, &num_input_fields, &op_input_fields, &num_output_fields, &op_output_fields));
838   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_input_fields, NULL, &qf_output_fields));
839 
840   // Setup
841   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetupAtPoints_Hip(op));
842   num_points     = impl->num_points;
843   max_num_points = impl->max_num_points;
844 
845   // Work vector
846   CeedCallBackend(CeedGetWorkVector(ceed, impl->max_active_e_vec_len, &active_e_vec));
847 
848   // Get point coordinates
849   if (!impl->point_coords_elem) {
850     CeedVector          point_coords = NULL;
851     CeedElemRestriction rstr_points  = NULL;
852 
853     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorAtPointsGetPoints(op, &rstr_points, &point_coords));
854     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionCreateVector(rstr_points, NULL, &impl->point_coords_elem));
855     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionApply(rstr_points, CEED_NOTRANSPOSE, point_coords, impl->point_coords_elem, request));
856     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&point_coords));
857     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_points));
858   }
859 
860   // Process inputs
861   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
862     CeedInt field = impl->input_field_order[i];
863 
864     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorInputRestrict_Hip(op_input_fields[field], qf_input_fields[field], field, in_vec, active_e_vec, false, impl, request));
865     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorInputBasisAtPoints_Hip(op_input_fields[field], qf_input_fields[field], field, in_vec, active_e_vec, num_elem,
866                                                        num_points, false, false, impl));
867   }
868 
869   // Output pointers, as necessary
870   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
871     CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
872 
873     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
874     if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE) {
875       CeedScalar *e_vec_array;
876 
877       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayWrite(impl->e_vecs_out[i], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &e_vec_array));
878       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetArray(impl->q_vecs_out[i], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, CEED_USE_POINTER, e_vec_array));
879     }
880   }
881 
882   // Q function
883   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionApply(qf, num_elem * max_num_points, impl->q_vecs_in, impl->q_vecs_out));
884 
885   // Restore input arrays
886   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
887     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorInputRestore_Hip(op_input_fields[i], qf_input_fields[i], i, in_vec, active_e_vec, false, impl));
888   }
889 
890   // Output basis and restriction
891   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
892     bool         is_active = false;
893     CeedInt      field     = impl->output_field_order[i];
894     CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
895     CeedVector   l_vec, e_vec = impl->e_vecs_out[field], q_vec = impl->q_vecs_out[field];
896 
897     // Output vector
898     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_output_fields[field], &l_vec));
899     is_active = l_vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE;
900     if (is_active) {
901       l_vec = out_vec;
902       if (!e_vec) e_vec = active_e_vec;
903     }
904 
905     // Basis action
906     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[field], &eval_mode));
907     switch (eval_mode) {
908       case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
909         break;  // No action
910       case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
911       case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
912       case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
913       case CEED_EVAL_CURL: {
914         CeedBasis basis;
915 
916         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_output_fields[field], &basis));
917         if (impl->apply_add_basis_out[field]) {
918           CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisApplyAddAtPoints(basis, num_elem, num_points, CEED_TRANSPOSE, eval_mode, impl->point_coords_elem, q_vec, e_vec));
919         } else {
920           CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisApplyAtPoints(basis, num_elem, num_points, CEED_TRANSPOSE, eval_mode, impl->point_coords_elem, q_vec, e_vec));
921         }
922         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis));
923         break;
924       }
925       // LCOV_EXCL_START
926       case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT: {
927         return CeedError(ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT cannot be an output evaluation mode");
928         // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
929       }
930     }
931 
932     // Restore evec
933     if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE) {
934       CeedScalar *e_vec_array;
935 
936       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorTakeArray(impl->q_vecs_out[i], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &e_vec_array));
937       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArray(e_vec, &e_vec_array));
938     }
939 
940     // Restrict
941     if (!impl->skip_rstr_out[field]) {
942       CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
943 
944       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_output_fields[field], &elem_rstr));
945       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionApply(elem_rstr, CEED_TRANSPOSE, e_vec, l_vec, request));
946       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&elem_rstr));
947     }
948     if (!is_active) CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&l_vec));
949   }
950 
951   // Restore work vector
952   CeedCallBackend(CeedRestoreWorkVector(ceed, &active_e_vec));
953   CeedCallBackend(CeedDestroy(&ceed));
954   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionDestroy(&qf));
955   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
956 }
957 
958 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
959 // Linear QFunction Assembly Core
960 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
961 static inline int CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionCore_Hip(CeedOperator op, bool build_objects, CeedVector *assembled, CeedElemRestriction *rstr,
962                                                               CeedRequest *request) {
963   Ceed                ceed, ceed_parent;
964   CeedInt             num_active_in, num_active_out, Q, num_elem, num_input_fields, num_output_fields, size;
965   CeedScalar         *assembled_array;
966   CeedVector         *active_inputs;
967   CeedQFunctionField *qf_input_fields, *qf_output_fields;
968   CeedQFunction       qf;
969   CeedOperatorField  *op_input_fields, *op_output_fields;
970   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
971 
972   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
973   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFallbackParentCeed(op, &ceed_parent));
974   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
975   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumQuadraturePoints(op, &Q));
976   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumElements(op, &num_elem));
977   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
978   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_input_fields, NULL, &qf_output_fields));
979   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, &num_input_fields, &op_input_fields, &num_output_fields, &op_output_fields));
980   active_inputs = impl->qf_active_in;
981   num_active_in = impl->num_active_in, num_active_out = impl->num_active_out;
982 
983   // Setup
984   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetup_Hip(op));
985 
986   // Process inputs
987   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
988     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorInputRestrict_Hip(op_input_fields[i], qf_input_fields[i], i, NULL, NULL, true, impl, request));
989     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorInputBasis_Hip(op_input_fields[i], qf_input_fields[i], i, NULL, NULL, num_elem, true, impl));
990   }
991 
992   // Count number of active input fields
993   if (!num_active_in) {
994     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
995       CeedScalar *q_vec_array;
996       CeedVector  l_vec;
997 
998       // Check if active input
999       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_fields[i], &l_vec));
1000       if (l_vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
1001         CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetSize(qf_input_fields[i], &size));
1002         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValue(impl->q_vecs_in[i], 0.0));
1003         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArray(impl->q_vecs_in[i], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &q_vec_array));
1004         CeedCallBackend(CeedRealloc(num_active_in + size, &active_inputs));
1005         for (CeedInt field = 0; field < size; field++) {
1006           CeedSize q_size = (CeedSize)Q * num_elem;
1007 
1008           CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorCreate(ceed, q_size, &active_inputs[num_active_in + field]));
1009           CeedCallBackend(
1010               CeedVectorSetArray(active_inputs[num_active_in + field], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, CEED_USE_POINTER, &q_vec_array[field * Q * num_elem]));
1011         }
1012         num_active_in += size;
1013         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArray(impl->q_vecs_in[i], &q_vec_array));
1014       }
1015       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&l_vec));
1016     }
1017     impl->num_active_in = num_active_in;
1018     impl->qf_active_in  = active_inputs;
1019   }
1020 
1021   // Count number of active output fields
1022   if (!num_active_out) {
1023     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
1024       CeedVector l_vec;
1025 
1026       // Check if active output
1027       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_output_fields[i], &l_vec));
1028       if (l_vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
1029         CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetSize(qf_output_fields[i], &size));
1030         num_active_out += size;
1031       }
1032       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&l_vec));
1033     }
1034     impl->num_active_out = num_active_out;
1035   }
1036 
1037   // Check sizes
1038   CeedCheck(num_active_in > 0 && num_active_out > 0, ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "Cannot assemble QFunction without active inputs and outputs");
1039 
1040   // Build objects if needed
1041   if (build_objects) {
1042     CeedSize l_size     = (CeedSize)num_elem * Q * num_active_in * num_active_out;
1043     CeedInt  strides[3] = {1, num_elem * Q, Q}; /* *NOPAD* */
1044 
1045     // Create output restriction
1046     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionCreateStrided(ceed_parent, num_elem, Q, num_active_in * num_active_out,
1047                                                      (CeedSize)num_active_in * (CeedSize)num_active_out * (CeedSize)num_elem * (CeedSize)Q, strides,
1048                                                      rstr));
1049     // Create assembled vector
1050     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorCreate(ceed_parent, l_size, assembled));
1051   }
1052   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValue(*assembled, 0.0));
1053   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArray(*assembled, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &assembled_array));
1054 
1055   // Assemble QFunction
1056   for (CeedInt in = 0; in < num_active_in; in++) {
1057     // Set Inputs
1058     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValue(active_inputs[in], 1.0));
1059     if (num_active_in > 1) {
1060       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValue(active_inputs[(in + num_active_in - 1) % num_active_in], 0.0));
1061     }
1062     // Set Outputs
1063     for (CeedInt out = 0; out < num_output_fields; out++) {
1064       CeedVector l_vec;
1065 
1066       // Check if active output
1067       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_output_fields[out], &l_vec));
1068       if (l_vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
1069         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetArray(impl->q_vecs_out[out], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, CEED_USE_POINTER, assembled_array));
1070         CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetSize(qf_output_fields[out], &size));
1071         assembled_array += size * Q * num_elem;  // Advance the pointer by the size of the output
1072       }
1073       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&l_vec));
1074     }
1075     // Apply QFunction
1076     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionApply(qf, Q * num_elem, impl->q_vecs_in, impl->q_vecs_out));
1077   }
1078 
1079   // Un-set output q-vecs to prevent accidental overwrite of Assembled
1080   for (CeedInt out = 0; out < num_output_fields; out++) {
1081     CeedVector l_vec;
1082 
1083     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_output_fields[out], &l_vec));
1084     if (l_vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
1085       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorTakeArray(impl->q_vecs_out[out], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, NULL));
1086     }
1087     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&l_vec));
1088   }
1089 
1090   // Restore input arrays
1091   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
1092     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorInputRestore_Hip(op_input_fields[i], qf_input_fields[i], i, NULL, NULL, true, impl));
1093   }
1094 
1095   // Restore output
1096   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArray(*assembled, &assembled_array));
1097   CeedCallBackend(CeedDestroy(&ceed));
1098   CeedCallBackend(CeedDestroy(&ceed_parent));
1099   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionDestroy(&qf));
1100   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
1101 }
1102 
1103 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1104 // Assemble Linear QFunction
1105 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1106 static int CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunction_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedVector *assembled, CeedElemRestriction *rstr, CeedRequest *request) {
1107   return CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionCore_Hip(op, true, assembled, rstr, request);
1108 }
1109 
1110 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1111 // Update Assembled Linear QFunction
1112 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1113 static int CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionUpdate_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedVector assembled, CeedElemRestriction rstr, CeedRequest *request) {
1114   return CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionCore_Hip(op, false, &assembled, &rstr, request);
1115 }
1116 
1117 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1118 // Assemble Diagonal Setup
1119 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1120 static inline int CeedOperatorAssembleDiagonalSetup_Hip(CeedOperator op) {
1121   Ceed                ceed;
1122   CeedInt             num_input_fields, num_output_fields, num_eval_modes_in = 0, num_eval_modes_out = 0;
1123   CeedInt             q_comp, num_nodes, num_qpts;
1124   CeedEvalMode       *eval_modes_in = NULL, *eval_modes_out = NULL;
1125   CeedBasis           basis_in = NULL, basis_out = NULL;
1126   CeedQFunctionField *qf_fields;
1127   CeedQFunction       qf;
1128   CeedOperatorField  *op_fields;
1129   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
1130 
1131   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
1132   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
1133   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetNumArgs(qf, &num_input_fields, &num_output_fields));
1134 
1135   // Determine active input basis
1136   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, NULL, &op_fields, NULL, NULL));
1137   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_fields, NULL, NULL));
1138   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
1139     CeedVector vec;
1140 
1141     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_fields[i], &vec));
1142     if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
1143       CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
1144       CeedBasis    basis;
1145 
1146       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_fields[i], &basis));
1147       CeedCheck(!basis_in || basis_in == basis, ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND,
1148                 "Backend does not implement operator diagonal assembly with multiple active bases");
1149       if (!basis_in) CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisReferenceCopy(basis, &basis_in));
1150       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis));
1151       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_fields[i], &eval_mode));
1152       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis_in, eval_mode, &q_comp));
1153       if (eval_mode != CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) {
1154         // q_comp = 1 if CEED_EVAL_NONE, CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT caught by QF assembly
1155         CeedCallBackend(CeedRealloc(num_eval_modes_in + q_comp, &eval_modes_in));
1156         for (CeedInt d = 0; d < q_comp; d++) eval_modes_in[num_eval_modes_in + d] = eval_mode;
1157         num_eval_modes_in += q_comp;
1158       }
1159     }
1160     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec));
1161   }
1162 
1163   // Determine active output basis
1164   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, NULL, NULL, NULL, &op_fields));
1165   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, NULL, NULL, &qf_fields));
1166   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
1167     CeedVector vec;
1168 
1169     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_fields[i], &vec));
1170     if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
1171       CeedBasis    basis;
1172       CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
1173 
1174       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_fields[i], &basis));
1175       CeedCheck(!basis_out || basis_out == basis, ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND,
1176                 "Backend does not implement operator diagonal assembly with multiple active bases");
1177       if (!basis_out) CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisReferenceCopy(basis, &basis_out));
1178       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis));
1179       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_fields[i], &eval_mode));
1180       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis_out, eval_mode, &q_comp));
1181       if (eval_mode != CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) {
1182         // q_comp = 1 if CEED_EVAL_NONE, CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT caught by QF assembly
1183         CeedCallBackend(CeedRealloc(num_eval_modes_out + q_comp, &eval_modes_out));
1184         for (CeedInt d = 0; d < q_comp; d++) eval_modes_out[num_eval_modes_out + d] = eval_mode;
1185         num_eval_modes_out += q_comp;
1186       }
1187     }
1188     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec));
1189   }
1190 
1191   // Operator data struct
1192   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
1193   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(1, &impl->diag));
1194   CeedOperatorDiag_Hip *diag = impl->diag;
1195 
1196   // Basis matrices
1197   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumNodes(basis_in, &num_nodes));
1198   if (basis_in == CEED_BASIS_NONE) num_qpts = num_nodes;
1199   else CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadraturePoints(basis_in, &num_qpts));
1200   const CeedInt interp_bytes     = num_nodes * num_qpts * sizeof(CeedScalar);
1201   const CeedInt eval_modes_bytes = sizeof(CeedEvalMode);
1202   bool          has_eval_none    = false;
1203 
1204   // CEED_EVAL_NONE
1205   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_eval_modes_in; i++) has_eval_none = has_eval_none || (eval_modes_in[i] == CEED_EVAL_NONE);
1206   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_eval_modes_out; i++) has_eval_none = has_eval_none || (eval_modes_out[i] == CEED_EVAL_NONE);
1207   if (has_eval_none) {
1208     CeedScalar *identity = NULL;
1209 
1210     CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_nodes * num_qpts, &identity));
1211     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < (num_nodes < num_qpts ? num_nodes : num_qpts); i++) identity[i * num_nodes + i] = 1.0;
1212     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&diag->d_identity, interp_bytes));
1213     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(diag->d_identity, identity, interp_bytes, hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
1214     CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&identity));
1215   }
1216 
1217   // CEED_EVAL_INTERP, CEED_EVAL_GRAD, CEED_EVAL_DIV, and CEED_EVAL_CURL
1218   for (CeedInt in = 0; in < 2; in++) {
1219     CeedFESpace fespace;
1220     CeedBasis   basis = in ? basis_in : basis_out;
1221 
1222     CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetFESpace(basis, &fespace));
1223     switch (fespace) {
1224       case CEED_FE_SPACE_H1: {
1225         CeedInt           q_comp_interp, q_comp_grad;
1226         const CeedScalar *interp, *grad;
1227         CeedScalar       *d_interp, *d_grad;
1228 
1229         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis, CEED_EVAL_INTERP, &q_comp_interp));
1230         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis, CEED_EVAL_GRAD, &q_comp_grad));
1231 
1232         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetInterp(basis, &interp));
1233         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&d_interp, interp_bytes * q_comp_interp));
1234         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(d_interp, interp, interp_bytes * q_comp_interp, hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
1235         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetGrad(basis, &grad));
1236         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&d_grad, interp_bytes * q_comp_grad));
1237         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(d_grad, grad, interp_bytes * q_comp_grad, hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
1238         if (in) {
1239           diag->d_interp_in = d_interp;
1240           diag->d_grad_in   = d_grad;
1241         } else {
1242           diag->d_interp_out = d_interp;
1243           diag->d_grad_out   = d_grad;
1244         }
1245       } break;
1246       case CEED_FE_SPACE_HDIV: {
1247         CeedInt           q_comp_interp, q_comp_div;
1248         const CeedScalar *interp, *div;
1249         CeedScalar       *d_interp, *d_div;
1250 
1251         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis, CEED_EVAL_INTERP, &q_comp_interp));
1252         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis, CEED_EVAL_DIV, &q_comp_div));
1253 
1254         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetInterp(basis, &interp));
1255         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&d_interp, interp_bytes * q_comp_interp));
1256         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(d_interp, interp, interp_bytes * q_comp_interp, hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
1257         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetDiv(basis, &div));
1258         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&d_div, interp_bytes * q_comp_div));
1259         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(d_div, div, interp_bytes * q_comp_div, hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
1260         if (in) {
1261           diag->d_interp_in = d_interp;
1262           diag->d_div_in    = d_div;
1263         } else {
1264           diag->d_interp_out = d_interp;
1265           diag->d_div_out    = d_div;
1266         }
1267       } break;
1268       case CEED_FE_SPACE_HCURL: {
1269         CeedInt           q_comp_interp, q_comp_curl;
1270         const CeedScalar *interp, *curl;
1271         CeedScalar       *d_interp, *d_curl;
1272 
1273         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis, CEED_EVAL_INTERP, &q_comp_interp));
1274         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis, CEED_EVAL_CURL, &q_comp_curl));
1275 
1276         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetInterp(basis, &interp));
1277         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&d_interp, interp_bytes * q_comp_interp));
1278         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(d_interp, interp, interp_bytes * q_comp_interp, hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
1279         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetCurl(basis, &curl));
1280         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&d_curl, interp_bytes * q_comp_curl));
1281         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(d_curl, curl, interp_bytes * q_comp_curl, hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
1282         if (in) {
1283           diag->d_interp_in = d_interp;
1284           diag->d_curl_in   = d_curl;
1285         } else {
1286           diag->d_interp_out = d_interp;
1287           diag->d_curl_out   = d_curl;
1288         }
1289       } break;
1290     }
1291   }
1292 
1293   // Arrays of eval_modes
1294   CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&diag->d_eval_modes_in, num_eval_modes_in * eval_modes_bytes));
1295   CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(diag->d_eval_modes_in, eval_modes_in, num_eval_modes_in * eval_modes_bytes, hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
1296   CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&diag->d_eval_modes_out, num_eval_modes_out * eval_modes_bytes));
1297   CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(diag->d_eval_modes_out, eval_modes_out, num_eval_modes_out * eval_modes_bytes, hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
1298   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&eval_modes_in));
1299   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&eval_modes_out));
1300   CeedCallBackend(CeedDestroy(&ceed));
1301   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis_in));
1302   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis_out));
1303   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionDestroy(&qf));
1304   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
1305 }
1306 
1307 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1308 // Assemble Diagonal Setup (Compilation)
1309 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1310 static inline int CeedOperatorAssembleDiagonalSetupCompile_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedInt use_ceedsize_idx, const bool is_point_block) {
1311   Ceed                ceed;
1312   CeedInt             num_input_fields, num_output_fields, num_eval_modes_in = 0, num_eval_modes_out = 0;
1313   CeedInt             num_comp, q_comp, num_nodes, num_qpts;
1314   CeedBasis           basis_in = NULL, basis_out = NULL;
1315   CeedQFunctionField *qf_fields;
1316   CeedQFunction       qf;
1317   CeedOperatorField  *op_fields;
1318   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
1319 
1320   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
1321   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
1322   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetNumArgs(qf, &num_input_fields, &num_output_fields));
1323 
1324   // Determine active input basis
1325   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, NULL, &op_fields, NULL, NULL));
1326   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_fields, NULL, NULL));
1327   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
1328     CeedVector vec;
1329 
1330     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_fields[i], &vec));
1331     if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
1332       CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
1333       CeedBasis    basis;
1334 
1335       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_fields[i], &basis));
1336       if (!basis_in) CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisReferenceCopy(basis, &basis_in));
1337       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis));
1338       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_fields[i], &eval_mode));
1339       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis_in, eval_mode, &q_comp));
1340       if (eval_mode != CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) {
1341         num_eval_modes_in += q_comp;
1342       }
1343     }
1344     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec));
1345   }
1346 
1347   // Determine active output basis
1348   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, NULL, NULL, NULL, &op_fields));
1349   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, NULL, NULL, &qf_fields));
1350   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
1351     CeedVector vec;
1352 
1353     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_fields[i], &vec));
1354     if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
1355       CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
1356       CeedBasis    basis;
1357 
1358       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_fields[i], &basis));
1359       if (!basis_out) CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisReferenceCopy(basis, &basis_out));
1360       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis));
1361       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_fields[i], &eval_mode));
1362       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis_out, eval_mode, &q_comp));
1363       if (eval_mode != CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) {
1364         num_eval_modes_out += q_comp;
1365       }
1366     }
1367     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec));
1368   }
1369 
1370   // Operator data struct
1371   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
1372   CeedOperatorDiag_Hip *diag = impl->diag;
1373 
1374   // Assemble kernel
1375   const char   diagonal_kernel_source[] = "// Diagonal assembly source\n#include <ceed/jit-source/hip/hip-ref-operator-assemble-diagonal.h>\n";
1376   hipModule_t *module                   = is_point_block ? &diag->module_point_block : &diag->module;
1377   CeedInt      elems_per_block          = 1;
1378 
1379   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumNodes(basis_in, &num_nodes));
1380   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumComponents(basis_in, &num_comp));
1381   if (basis_in == CEED_BASIS_NONE) num_qpts = num_nodes;
1382   else CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadraturePoints(basis_in, &num_qpts));
1383   CeedCallHip(ceed, CeedCompile_Hip(ceed, diagonal_kernel_source, module, 8, "NUM_EVAL_MODES_IN", num_eval_modes_in, "NUM_EVAL_MODES_OUT",
1384                                     num_eval_modes_out, "NUM_COMP", num_comp, "NUM_NODES", num_nodes, "NUM_QPTS", num_qpts, "USE_CEEDSIZE",
1385                                     use_ceedsize_idx, "USE_POINT_BLOCK", is_point_block ? 1 : 0, "BLOCK_SIZE", num_nodes * elems_per_block));
1386   CeedCallHip(ceed, CeedGetKernel_Hip(ceed, *module, "LinearDiagonal", is_point_block ? &diag->LinearPointBlock : &diag->LinearDiagonal));
1387   CeedCallBackend(CeedDestroy(&ceed));
1388   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis_in));
1389   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis_out));
1390   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionDestroy(&qf));
1391   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
1392 }
1393 
1394 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1395 // Assemble Diagonal Core
1396 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1397 static inline int CeedOperatorAssembleDiagonalCore_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedVector assembled, CeedRequest *request, const bool is_point_block) {
1398   Ceed                ceed;
1399   CeedInt             num_elem, num_nodes;
1400   CeedScalar         *elem_diag_array;
1401   const CeedScalar   *assembled_qf_array;
1402   CeedVector          assembled_qf   = NULL, elem_diag;
1403   CeedElemRestriction assembled_rstr = NULL, rstr_in, rstr_out, diag_rstr;
1404   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
1405 
1406   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
1407   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
1408 
1409   // Assemble QFunction
1410   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionBuildOrUpdate(op, &assembled_qf, &assembled_rstr, request));
1411   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&assembled_rstr));
1412   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayRead(assembled_qf, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &assembled_qf_array));
1413 
1414   // Setup
1415   if (!impl->diag) CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorAssembleDiagonalSetup_Hip(op));
1416   CeedOperatorDiag_Hip *diag = impl->diag;
1417 
1418   assert(diag != NULL);
1419 
1420   // Assemble kernel if needed
1421   if ((!is_point_block && !diag->LinearDiagonal) || (is_point_block && !diag->LinearPointBlock)) {
1422     CeedSize assembled_length, assembled_qf_length;
1423     CeedInt  use_ceedsize_idx = 0;
1424     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetLength(assembled, &assembled_length));
1425     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetLength(assembled_qf, &assembled_qf_length));
1426     if ((assembled_length > INT_MAX) || (assembled_qf_length > INT_MAX)) use_ceedsize_idx = 1;
1427 
1428     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorAssembleDiagonalSetupCompile_Hip(op, use_ceedsize_idx, is_point_block));
1429   }
1430 
1431   // Restriction and diagonal vector
1432   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetActiveElemRestrictions(op, &rstr_in, &rstr_out));
1433   CeedCheck(rstr_in == rstr_out, ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND,
1434             "Cannot assemble operator diagonal with different input and output active element restrictions");
1435   if (!is_point_block && !diag->diag_rstr) {
1436     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionCreateUnsignedCopy(rstr_out, &diag->diag_rstr));
1437     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionCreateVector(diag->diag_rstr, NULL, &diag->elem_diag));
1438   } else if (is_point_block && !diag->point_block_diag_rstr) {
1439     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorCreateActivePointBlockRestriction(rstr_out, &diag->point_block_diag_rstr));
1440     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionCreateVector(diag->point_block_diag_rstr, NULL, &diag->point_block_elem_diag));
1441   }
1442   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_in));
1443   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_out));
1444   diag_rstr = is_point_block ? diag->point_block_diag_rstr : diag->diag_rstr;
1445   elem_diag = is_point_block ? diag->point_block_elem_diag : diag->elem_diag;
1446   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValue(elem_diag, 0.0));
1447 
1448   // Only assemble diagonal if the basis has nodes, otherwise inputs are null pointers
1449   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(diag_rstr, &num_nodes));
1450   if (num_nodes > 0) {
1451     // Assemble element operator diagonals
1452     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumElements(diag_rstr, &num_elem));
1453     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArray(elem_diag, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &elem_diag_array));
1454 
1455     // Compute the diagonal of B^T D B
1456     CeedInt elems_per_block = 1;
1457     CeedInt grid            = CeedDivUpInt(num_elem, elems_per_block);
1458     void   *args[]          = {(void *)&num_elem,      &diag->d_identity,       &diag->d_interp_in,  &diag->d_grad_in, &diag->d_div_in,
1459                                &diag->d_curl_in,       &diag->d_interp_out,     &diag->d_grad_out,   &diag->d_div_out, &diag->d_curl_out,
1460                                &diag->d_eval_modes_in, &diag->d_eval_modes_out, &assembled_qf_array, &elem_diag_array};
1461 
1462     if (is_point_block) {
1463       CeedCallBackend(CeedRunKernelDim_Hip(ceed, diag->LinearPointBlock, grid, num_nodes, 1, elems_per_block, args));
1464     } else {
1465       CeedCallBackend(CeedRunKernelDim_Hip(ceed, diag->LinearDiagonal, grid, num_nodes, 1, elems_per_block, args));
1466     }
1467 
1468     // Restore arrays
1469     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArray(elem_diag, &elem_diag_array));
1470     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArrayRead(assembled_qf, &assembled_qf_array));
1471   }
1472 
1473   // Assemble local operator diagonal
1474   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionApply(diag_rstr, CEED_TRANSPOSE, elem_diag, assembled, request));
1475 
1476   // Cleanup
1477   CeedCallBackend(CeedDestroy(&ceed));
1478   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&assembled_qf));
1479   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
1480 }
1481 
1482 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1483 // Assemble Linear Diagonal
1484 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1485 static int CeedOperatorLinearAssembleAddDiagonal_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedVector assembled, CeedRequest *request) {
1486   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorAssembleDiagonalCore_Hip(op, assembled, request, false));
1487   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
1488 }
1489 
1490 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1491 // Assemble Linear Point Block Diagonal
1492 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1493 static int CeedOperatorLinearAssembleAddPointBlockDiagonal_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedVector assembled, CeedRequest *request) {
1494   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorAssembleDiagonalCore_Hip(op, assembled, request, true));
1495   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
1496 }
1497 
1498 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1499 // Single Operator Assembly Setup
1500 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1501 static int CeedSingleOperatorAssembleSetup_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedInt use_ceedsize_idx) {
1502   Ceed                ceed;
1503   Ceed_Hip           *hip_data;
1504   CeedInt             num_input_fields, num_output_fields, num_eval_modes_in = 0, num_eval_modes_out = 0;
1505   CeedInt             elem_size_in, num_qpts_in = 0, num_comp_in, elem_size_out, num_qpts_out, num_comp_out, q_comp;
1506   CeedEvalMode       *eval_modes_in = NULL, *eval_modes_out = NULL;
1507   CeedElemRestriction rstr_in = NULL, rstr_out = NULL;
1508   CeedBasis           basis_in = NULL, basis_out = NULL;
1509   CeedQFunctionField *qf_fields;
1510   CeedQFunction       qf;
1511   CeedOperatorField  *input_fields, *output_fields;
1512   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
1513 
1514   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
1515   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
1516 
1517   // Get intput and output fields
1518   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, &num_input_fields, &input_fields, &num_output_fields, &output_fields));
1519 
1520   // Determine active input basis eval mode
1521   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
1522   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_fields, NULL, NULL));
1523   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
1524     CeedVector vec;
1525 
1526     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(input_fields[i], &vec));
1527     if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
1528       CeedEvalMode        eval_mode;
1529       CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
1530       CeedBasis           basis;
1531 
1532       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(input_fields[i], &basis));
1533       CeedCheck(!basis_in || basis_in == basis, ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "Backend does not implement operator assembly with multiple active bases");
1534       if (!basis_in) CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisReferenceCopy(basis, &basis_in));
1535       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis));
1536       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(input_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
1537       if (!rstr_in) CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionReferenceCopy(elem_rstr, &rstr_in));
1538       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&elem_rstr));
1539       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(rstr_in, &elem_size_in));
1540       if (basis_in == CEED_BASIS_NONE) num_qpts_in = elem_size_in;
1541       else CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadraturePoints(basis_in, &num_qpts_in));
1542       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_fields[i], &eval_mode));
1543       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis_in, eval_mode, &q_comp));
1544       if (eval_mode != CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) {
1545         // q_comp = 1 if CEED_EVAL_NONE, CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT caught by QF Assembly
1546         CeedCallBackend(CeedRealloc(num_eval_modes_in + q_comp, &eval_modes_in));
1547         for (CeedInt d = 0; d < q_comp; d++) {
1548           eval_modes_in[num_eval_modes_in + d] = eval_mode;
1549         }
1550         num_eval_modes_in += q_comp;
1551       }
1552     }
1553     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec));
1554   }
1555 
1556   // Determine active output basis; basis_out and rstr_out only used if same as input, TODO
1557   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, NULL, NULL, &qf_fields));
1558   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
1559     CeedVector vec;
1560 
1561     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(output_fields[i], &vec));
1562     if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
1563       CeedEvalMode        eval_mode;
1564       CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
1565       CeedBasis           basis;
1566 
1567       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(output_fields[i], &basis));
1568       CeedCheck(!basis_out || basis_out == basis, ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND,
1569                 "Backend does not implement operator assembly with multiple active bases");
1570       if (!basis_out) CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisReferenceCopy(basis, &basis_out));
1571       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis));
1572       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(output_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
1573       if (!rstr_out) CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionReferenceCopy(elem_rstr, &rstr_out));
1574       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&elem_rstr));
1575       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(rstr_out, &elem_size_out));
1576       if (basis_out == CEED_BASIS_NONE) num_qpts_out = elem_size_out;
1577       else CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadraturePoints(basis_out, &num_qpts_out));
1578       CeedCheck(num_qpts_in == num_qpts_out, ceed, CEED_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED,
1579                 "Active input and output bases must have the same number of quadrature points");
1580       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_fields[i], &eval_mode));
1581       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis_out, eval_mode, &q_comp));
1582       if (eval_mode != CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) {
1583         // q_comp = 1 if CEED_EVAL_NONE, CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT caught by QF Assembly
1584         CeedCallBackend(CeedRealloc(num_eval_modes_out + q_comp, &eval_modes_out));
1585         for (CeedInt d = 0; d < q_comp; d++) {
1586           eval_modes_out[num_eval_modes_out + d] = eval_mode;
1587         }
1588         num_eval_modes_out += q_comp;
1589       }
1590     }
1591     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec));
1592   }
1593   CeedCheck(num_eval_modes_in > 0 && num_eval_modes_out > 0, ceed, CEED_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED, "Cannot assemble operator without inputs/outputs");
1594 
1595   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(1, &impl->asmb));
1596   CeedOperatorAssemble_Hip *asmb = impl->asmb;
1597   asmb->elems_per_block          = 1;
1598   asmb->block_size_x             = elem_size_in;
1599   asmb->block_size_y             = elem_size_out;
1600 
1601   CeedCallBackend(CeedGetData(ceed, &hip_data));
1602   bool fallback = asmb->block_size_x * asmb->block_size_y * asmb->elems_per_block > hip_data->device_prop.maxThreadsPerBlock;
1603 
1604   if (fallback) {
1605     // Use fallback kernel with 1D threadblock
1606     asmb->block_size_y = 1;
1607   }
1608 
1609   // Compile kernels
1610   const char assembly_kernel_source[] = "// Full assembly source\n#include <ceed/jit-source/hip/hip-ref-operator-assemble.h>\n";
1611 
1612   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumComponents(rstr_in, &num_comp_in));
1613   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumComponents(rstr_out, &num_comp_out));
1614   CeedCallBackend(CeedCompile_Hip(ceed, assembly_kernel_source, &asmb->module, 10, "NUM_EVAL_MODES_IN", num_eval_modes_in, "NUM_EVAL_MODES_OUT",
1615                                   num_eval_modes_out, "NUM_COMP_IN", num_comp_in, "NUM_COMP_OUT", num_comp_out, "NUM_NODES_IN", elem_size_in,
1616                                   "NUM_NODES_OUT", elem_size_out, "NUM_QPTS", num_qpts_in, "BLOCK_SIZE",
1617                                   asmb->block_size_x * asmb->block_size_y * asmb->elems_per_block, "BLOCK_SIZE_Y", asmb->block_size_y, "USE_CEEDSIZE",
1618                                   use_ceedsize_idx));
1619   CeedCallBackend(CeedGetKernel_Hip(ceed, asmb->module, "LinearAssemble", &asmb->LinearAssemble));
1620 
1621   // Load into B_in, in order that they will be used in eval_modes_in
1622   {
1623     const CeedInt in_bytes           = elem_size_in * num_qpts_in * num_eval_modes_in * sizeof(CeedScalar);
1624     CeedInt       d_in               = 0;
1625     CeedEvalMode  eval_modes_in_prev = CEED_EVAL_NONE;
1626     bool          has_eval_none      = false;
1627     CeedScalar   *identity           = NULL;
1628 
1629     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_eval_modes_in; i++) {
1630       has_eval_none = has_eval_none || (eval_modes_in[i] == CEED_EVAL_NONE);
1631     }
1632     if (has_eval_none) {
1633       CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(elem_size_in * num_qpts_in, &identity));
1634       for (CeedInt i = 0; i < (elem_size_in < num_qpts_in ? elem_size_in : num_qpts_in); i++) identity[i * elem_size_in + i] = 1.0;
1635     }
1636 
1637     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&asmb->d_B_in, in_bytes));
1638     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_eval_modes_in; i++) {
1639       const CeedScalar *h_B_in;
1640 
1641       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetBasisPointer(basis_in, eval_modes_in[i], identity, &h_B_in));
1642       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis_in, eval_modes_in[i], &q_comp));
1643       if (q_comp > 1) {
1644         if (i == 0 || eval_modes_in[i] != eval_modes_in_prev) d_in = 0;
1645         else h_B_in = &h_B_in[(++d_in) * elem_size_in * num_qpts_in];
1646       }
1647       eval_modes_in_prev = eval_modes_in[i];
1648 
1649       CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(&asmb->d_B_in[i * elem_size_in * num_qpts_in], h_B_in, elem_size_in * num_qpts_in * sizeof(CeedScalar),
1650                                   hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
1651     }
1652     CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&identity));
1653   }
1654   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&eval_modes_in));
1655 
1656   // Load into B_out, in order that they will be used in eval_modes_out
1657   {
1658     const CeedInt out_bytes           = elem_size_out * num_qpts_out * num_eval_modes_out * sizeof(CeedScalar);
1659     CeedInt       d_out               = 0;
1660     CeedEvalMode  eval_modes_out_prev = CEED_EVAL_NONE;
1661     bool          has_eval_none       = false;
1662     CeedScalar   *identity            = NULL;
1663 
1664     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_eval_modes_out; i++) {
1665       has_eval_none = has_eval_none || (eval_modes_out[i] == CEED_EVAL_NONE);
1666     }
1667     if (has_eval_none) {
1668       CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(elem_size_out * num_qpts_out, &identity));
1669       for (CeedInt i = 0; i < (elem_size_out < num_qpts_out ? elem_size_out : num_qpts_out); i++) identity[i * elem_size_out + i] = 1.0;
1670     }
1671 
1672     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&asmb->d_B_out, out_bytes));
1673     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_eval_modes_out; i++) {
1674       const CeedScalar *h_B_out;
1675 
1676       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetBasisPointer(basis_out, eval_modes_out[i], identity, &h_B_out));
1677       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis_out, eval_modes_out[i], &q_comp));
1678       if (q_comp > 1) {
1679         if (i == 0 || eval_modes_out[i] != eval_modes_out_prev) d_out = 0;
1680         else h_B_out = &h_B_out[(++d_out) * elem_size_out * num_qpts_out];
1681       }
1682       eval_modes_out_prev = eval_modes_out[i];
1683 
1684       CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(&asmb->d_B_out[i * elem_size_out * num_qpts_out], h_B_out, elem_size_out * num_qpts_out * sizeof(CeedScalar),
1685                                   hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
1686     }
1687     CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&identity));
1688   }
1689   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&eval_modes_out));
1690   CeedCallBackend(CeedDestroy(&ceed));
1691   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_in));
1692   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_out));
1693   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis_in));
1694   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis_out));
1695   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionDestroy(&qf));
1696   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
1697 }
1698 
1699 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1700 // Assemble matrix data for COO matrix of assembled operator.
1701 // The sparsity pattern is set by CeedOperatorLinearAssembleSymbolic.
1702 //
1703 // Note that this (and other assembly routines) currently assume only one active input restriction/basis per operator
1704 // (could have multiple basis eval modes).
1705 // TODO: allow multiple active input restrictions/basis objects
1706 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1707 static int CeedSingleOperatorAssemble_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedInt offset, CeedVector values) {
1708   Ceed                ceed;
1709   CeedSize            values_length = 0, assembled_qf_length = 0;
1710   CeedInt             use_ceedsize_idx = 0, num_elem_in, num_elem_out, elem_size_in, elem_size_out;
1711   CeedScalar         *values_array;
1712   const CeedScalar   *assembled_qf_array;
1713   CeedVector          assembled_qf   = NULL;
1714   CeedElemRestriction assembled_rstr = NULL, rstr_in, rstr_out;
1715   CeedRestrictionType rstr_type_in, rstr_type_out;
1716   const bool         *orients_in = NULL, *orients_out = NULL;
1717   const CeedInt8     *curl_orients_in = NULL, *curl_orients_out = NULL;
1718   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
1719 
1720   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
1721   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
1722 
1723   // Assemble QFunction
1724   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionBuildOrUpdate(op, &assembled_qf, &assembled_rstr, CEED_REQUEST_IMMEDIATE));
1725   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&assembled_rstr));
1726   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayRead(assembled_qf, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &assembled_qf_array));
1727 
1728   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetLength(values, &values_length));
1729   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetLength(assembled_qf, &assembled_qf_length));
1730   if ((values_length > INT_MAX) || (assembled_qf_length > INT_MAX)) use_ceedsize_idx = 1;
1731 
1732   // Setup
1733   if (!impl->asmb) CeedCallBackend(CeedSingleOperatorAssembleSetup_Hip(op, use_ceedsize_idx));
1734   CeedOperatorAssemble_Hip *asmb = impl->asmb;
1735 
1736   assert(asmb != NULL);
1737 
1738   // Assemble element operator
1739   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArray(values, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &values_array));
1740   values_array += offset;
1741 
1742   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetActiveElemRestrictions(op, &rstr_in, &rstr_out));
1743   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumElements(rstr_in, &num_elem_in));
1744   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(rstr_in, &elem_size_in));
1745 
1746   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetType(rstr_in, &rstr_type_in));
1747   if (rstr_type_in == CEED_RESTRICTION_ORIENTED) {
1748     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetOrientations(rstr_in, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &orients_in));
1749   } else if (rstr_type_in == CEED_RESTRICTION_CURL_ORIENTED) {
1750     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetCurlOrientations(rstr_in, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &curl_orients_in));
1751   }
1752 
1753   if (rstr_in != rstr_out) {
1754     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumElements(rstr_out, &num_elem_out));
1755     CeedCheck(num_elem_in == num_elem_out, ceed, CEED_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED,
1756               "Active input and output operator restrictions must have the same number of elements");
1757     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(rstr_out, &elem_size_out));
1758 
1759     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetType(rstr_out, &rstr_type_out));
1760     if (rstr_type_out == CEED_RESTRICTION_ORIENTED) {
1761       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetOrientations(rstr_out, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &orients_out));
1762     } else if (rstr_type_out == CEED_RESTRICTION_CURL_ORIENTED) {
1763       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetCurlOrientations(rstr_out, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &curl_orients_out));
1764     }
1765   } else {
1766     elem_size_out    = elem_size_in;
1767     orients_out      = orients_in;
1768     curl_orients_out = curl_orients_in;
1769   }
1770 
1771   // Compute B^T D B
1772   CeedInt shared_mem =
1773       ((curl_orients_in || curl_orients_out ? elem_size_in * elem_size_out : 0) + (curl_orients_in ? elem_size_in * asmb->block_size_y : 0)) *
1774       sizeof(CeedScalar);
1775   CeedInt grid   = CeedDivUpInt(num_elem_in, asmb->elems_per_block);
1776   void   *args[] = {(void *)&num_elem_in, &asmb->d_B_in,     &asmb->d_B_out,      &orients_in,  &curl_orients_in,
1777                     &orients_out,         &curl_orients_out, &assembled_qf_array, &values_array};
1778 
1779   CeedCallBackend(CeedRunKernelDimShared_Hip(ceed, asmb->LinearAssemble, NULL, grid, asmb->block_size_x, asmb->block_size_y, asmb->elems_per_block,
1780                                              shared_mem, args));
1781 
1782   // Restore arrays
1783   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArray(values, &values_array));
1784   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArrayRead(assembled_qf, &assembled_qf_array));
1785 
1786   // Cleanup
1787   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&assembled_qf));
1788   if (rstr_type_in == CEED_RESTRICTION_ORIENTED) {
1789     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionRestoreOrientations(rstr_in, &orients_in));
1790   } else if (rstr_type_in == CEED_RESTRICTION_CURL_ORIENTED) {
1791     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionRestoreCurlOrientations(rstr_in, &curl_orients_in));
1792   }
1793   if (rstr_in != rstr_out) {
1794     if (rstr_type_out == CEED_RESTRICTION_ORIENTED) {
1795       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionRestoreOrientations(rstr_out, &orients_out));
1796     } else if (rstr_type_out == CEED_RESTRICTION_CURL_ORIENTED) {
1797       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionRestoreCurlOrientations(rstr_out, &curl_orients_out));
1798     }
1799   }
1800   CeedCallBackend(CeedDestroy(&ceed));
1801   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_in));
1802   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_out));
1803   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
1804 }
1805 
1806 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1807 // Assemble Linear QFunction AtPoints
1808 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1809 static int CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionAtPoints_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedVector *assembled, CeedElemRestriction *rstr, CeedRequest *request) {
1810   return CeedError(CeedOperatorReturnCeed(op), CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "Backend does not implement CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunction");
1811 }
1812 
1813 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1814 // Assemble Linear Diagonal AtPoints
1815 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1816 static int CeedOperatorLinearAssembleAddDiagonalAtPoints_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedVector assembled, CeedRequest *request) {
1817   CeedInt             max_num_points, *num_points, num_elem, num_input_fields, num_output_fields;
1818   Ceed                ceed;
1819   CeedVector          active_e_vec_in, active_e_vec_out;
1820   CeedQFunctionField *qf_input_fields, *qf_output_fields;
1821   CeedQFunction       qf;
1822   CeedOperatorField  *op_input_fields, *op_output_fields;
1823   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
1824 
1825   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
1826   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
1827   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
1828   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumElements(op, &num_elem));
1829   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, &num_input_fields, &op_input_fields, &num_output_fields, &op_output_fields));
1830   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_input_fields, NULL, &qf_output_fields));
1831 
1832   // Setup
1833   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetupAtPoints_Hip(op));
1834   num_points     = impl->num_points;
1835   max_num_points = impl->max_num_points;
1836 
1837   // Work vector
1838   CeedCallBackend(CeedGetWorkVector(ceed, impl->max_active_e_vec_len, &active_e_vec_in));
1839   CeedCallBackend(CeedGetWorkVector(ceed, impl->max_active_e_vec_len, &active_e_vec_out));
1840   {
1841     CeedSize length_in, length_out;
1842 
1843     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetLength(active_e_vec_in, &length_in));
1844     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetLength(active_e_vec_out, &length_out));
1845     // Need input e_vec to be longer
1846     if (length_in < length_out) {
1847       CeedVector temp = active_e_vec_in;
1848 
1849       active_e_vec_in  = active_e_vec_out;
1850       active_e_vec_out = temp;
1851     }
1852   }
1853 
1854   // Get point coordinates
1855   if (!impl->point_coords_elem) {
1856     CeedVector          point_coords = NULL;
1857     CeedElemRestriction rstr_points  = NULL;
1858 
1859     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorAtPointsGetPoints(op, &rstr_points, &point_coords));
1860     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionCreateVector(rstr_points, NULL, &impl->point_coords_elem));
1861     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionApply(rstr_points, CEED_NOTRANSPOSE, point_coords, impl->point_coords_elem, request));
1862     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&point_coords));
1863     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_points));
1864   }
1865 
1866   // Process inputs
1867   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
1868     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorInputRestrict_Hip(op_input_fields[i], qf_input_fields[i], i, NULL, NULL, true, impl, request));
1869     CeedCallBackend(
1870         CeedOperatorInputBasisAtPoints_Hip(op_input_fields[i], qf_input_fields[i], i, NULL, NULL, num_elem, num_points, true, false, impl));
1871   }
1872 
1873   // Output pointers, as necessary
1874   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
1875     CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
1876 
1877     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
1878     if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE) {
1879       CeedScalar *e_vec_array;
1880 
1881       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayWrite(impl->e_vecs_out[i], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &e_vec_array));
1882       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetArray(impl->q_vecs_out[i], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, CEED_USE_POINTER, e_vec_array));
1883     }
1884   }
1885 
1886   // Loop over active fields
1887   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
1888     bool                is_active = false, is_active_at_points = true;
1889     CeedInt             elem_size = 1, num_comp_active = 1, e_vec_size = 0, field_in = impl->input_field_order[i];
1890     CeedRestrictionType rstr_type;
1891     CeedVector          l_vec;
1892     CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
1893 
1894     // -- Skip non-active input
1895     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_fields[field_in], &l_vec));
1896     is_active = l_vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE;
1897     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&l_vec));
1898     if (!is_active || impl->skip_rstr_in[field_in]) continue;
1899 
1900     // -- Get active restriction type
1901     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_input_fields[field_in], &elem_rstr));
1902     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetType(elem_rstr, &rstr_type));
1903     is_active_at_points = rstr_type == CEED_RESTRICTION_POINTS;
1904     if (!is_active_at_points) CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(elem_rstr, &elem_size));
1905     else elem_size = max_num_points;
1906     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumComponents(elem_rstr, &num_comp_active));
1907     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&elem_rstr));
1908 
1909     e_vec_size = elem_size * num_comp_active;
1910     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValue(active_e_vec_in, 0.0));
1911     for (CeedInt s = 0; s < e_vec_size; s++) {
1912       CeedVector q_vec = impl->q_vecs_in[field_in];
1913 
1914       // Update unit vector
1915       {
1916         // Note: E-vec strides are node * (1) + comp * (elem_size * num_elem) + elem * (elem_size)
1917         CeedInt  node = (s - 1) % elem_size, comp = (s - 1) / elem_size;
1918         CeedSize start = node * 1 + comp * (elem_size * num_elem);
1919         CeedSize stop  = (comp + 1) * (elem_size * num_elem);
1920 
1921         if (s != 0) CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValueStrided(active_e_vec_in, start, stop, elem_size, 0.0));
1922 
1923         node = s % elem_size, comp = s / elem_size;
1924         start = node * 1 + comp * (elem_size * num_elem);
1925         stop  = (comp + 1) * (elem_size * num_elem);
1926         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValueStrided(active_e_vec_in, start, stop, elem_size, 1.0));
1927       }
1928 
1929       // Basis action
1930       for (CeedInt j = 0; j < num_input_fields; j++) {
1931         CeedInt field = impl->input_field_order[j];
1932 
1933         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorInputBasisAtPoints_Hip(op_input_fields[field], qf_input_fields[field], field, NULL, active_e_vec_in, num_elem,
1934                                                            num_points, false, true, impl));
1935       }
1936 
1937       // Q function
1938       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionApply(qf, num_elem * max_num_points, impl->q_vecs_in, impl->q_vecs_out));
1939 
1940       // Output basis apply if needed
1941       for (CeedInt j = 0; j < num_output_fields; j++) {
1942         bool                is_active = false;
1943         CeedInt             elem_size = 0;
1944         CeedInt             field_out = impl->output_field_order[j];
1945         CeedRestrictionType rstr_type;
1946         CeedEvalMode        eval_mode;
1947         CeedVector          l_vec, e_vec = impl->e_vecs_out[field_out], q_vec = impl->q_vecs_out[field_out];
1948         CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
1949 
1950         // ---- Skip non-active output
1951         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_output_fields[field_out], &l_vec));
1952         is_active = l_vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE;
1953         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&l_vec));
1954         if (!is_active) continue;
1955         if (!e_vec) e_vec = active_e_vec_out;
1956 
1957         // ---- Check if elem size matches
1958         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_output_fields[field_out], &elem_rstr));
1959         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetType(elem_rstr, &rstr_type));
1960         if (is_active_at_points && rstr_type != CEED_RESTRICTION_POINTS) continue;
1961         if (rstr_type == CEED_RESTRICTION_POINTS) {
1962           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetMaxPointsInElement(elem_rstr, &elem_size));
1963         } else {
1964           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(elem_rstr, &elem_size));
1965         }
1966         {
1967           CeedInt num_comp = 0;
1968 
1969           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumComponents(elem_rstr, &num_comp));
1970           if (e_vec_size != num_comp * elem_size) continue;
1971         }
1972 
1973         // Basis action
1974         CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[field_out], &eval_mode));
1975         switch (eval_mode) {
1976           case CEED_EVAL_NONE: {
1977             CeedScalar *e_vec_array;
1978 
1979             CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorTakeArray(q_vec, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &e_vec_array));
1980             CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArray(e_vec, &e_vec_array));
1981             break;
1982           }
1983           case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
1984           case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
1985           case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
1986           case CEED_EVAL_CURL: {
1987             CeedBasis basis;
1988 
1989             CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_output_fields[field_out], &basis));
1990             if (impl->apply_add_basis_out[field_out]) {
1991               CeedCallBackend(
1992                   CeedBasisApplyAddAtPoints(basis, num_elem, num_points, CEED_TRANSPOSE, eval_mode, impl->point_coords_elem, q_vec, e_vec));
1993             } else {
1994               CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisApplyAtPoints(basis, num_elem, num_points, CEED_TRANSPOSE, eval_mode, impl->point_coords_elem, q_vec, e_vec));
1995             }
1996             CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis));
1997             break;
1998           }
1999           // LCOV_EXCL_START
2000           case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT: {
2001             return CeedError(CeedOperatorReturnCeed(op), CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT cannot be an output evaluation mode");
2002             // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
2003           }
2004         }
2005 
2006         // Continue if a field that is summed into
2007         if (impl->skip_rstr_out[field_out]) {
2008           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&elem_rstr));
2009           continue;
2010         }
2011 
2012         // Mask output e-vec
2013         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorPointwiseMult(e_vec, active_e_vec_in, e_vec));
2014 
2015         // Restrict
2016         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionApply(elem_rstr, CEED_TRANSPOSE, e_vec, assembled, request));
2017         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&elem_rstr));
2018 
2019         // Reset q_vec for
2020         if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE) {
2021           CeedScalar *e_vec_array;
2022 
2023           CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayWrite(e_vec, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &e_vec_array));
2024           CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetArray(q_vec, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, CEED_USE_POINTER, e_vec_array));
2025         }
2026       }
2027 
2028       // Reset vec
2029       if (s == e_vec_size - 1 && i != num_input_fields - 1) CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValue(q_vec, 0.0));
2030     }
2031   }
2032 
2033   // Restore CEED_EVAL_NONE
2034   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
2035     CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
2036 
2037     // Get eval_mode
2038     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
2039 
2040     // Restore evec
2041     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
2042     if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE) {
2043       CeedScalar *e_vec_array;
2044 
2045       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorTakeArray(impl->q_vecs_in[i], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &e_vec_array));
2046       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArray(impl->e_vecs_in[i], &e_vec_array));
2047     }
2048   }
2049 
2050   // Restore input arrays
2051   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
2052     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorInputRestore_Hip(op_input_fields[i], qf_input_fields[i], i, NULL, NULL, true, impl));
2053   }
2054 
2055   // Restore work vector
2056   CeedCallBackend(CeedRestoreWorkVector(ceed, &active_e_vec_in));
2057   CeedCallBackend(CeedRestoreWorkVector(ceed, &active_e_vec_out));
2058   CeedCallBackend(CeedDestroy(&ceed));
2059   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionDestroy(&qf));
2060   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
2061 }
2062 
2063 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2064 // Create operator
2065 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2066 int CeedOperatorCreate_Hip(CeedOperator op) {
2067   Ceed              ceed;
2068   CeedOperator_Hip *impl;
2069 
2070   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
2071   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(1, &impl));
2072   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetData(op, impl));
2073 
2074   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "LinearAssembleQFunction", CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunction_Hip));
2075   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "LinearAssembleQFunctionUpdate", CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionUpdate_Hip));
2076   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "LinearAssembleAddDiagonal", CeedOperatorLinearAssembleAddDiagonal_Hip));
2077   CeedCallBackend(
2078       CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "LinearAssembleAddPointBlockDiagonal", CeedOperatorLinearAssembleAddPointBlockDiagonal_Hip));
2079   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "LinearAssembleSingle", CeedSingleOperatorAssemble_Hip));
2080   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "ApplyAdd", CeedOperatorApplyAdd_Hip));
2081   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "Destroy", CeedOperatorDestroy_Hip));
2082   CeedCallBackend(CeedDestroy(&ceed));
2083   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
2084 }
2085 
2086 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2087 // Create operator AtPoints
2088 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2089 int CeedOperatorCreateAtPoints_Hip(CeedOperator op) {
2090   Ceed              ceed;
2091   CeedOperator_Hip *impl;
2092 
2093   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
2094   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(1, &impl));
2095   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetData(op, impl));
2096 
2097   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "LinearAssembleQFunction", CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionAtPoints_Hip));
2098   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "LinearAssembleAddDiagonal", CeedOperatorLinearAssembleAddDiagonalAtPoints_Hip));
2099   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "ApplyAdd", CeedOperatorApplyAddAtPoints_Hip));
2100   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "Destroy", CeedOperatorDestroy_Hip));
2101   CeedCallBackend(CeedDestroy(&ceed));
2102   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
2103 }
2104 
2105 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2106