xref: /libCEED/backends/hip-ref/ceed-hip-ref-operator.c (revision 9b443e3bfd4287070359f52cbb140b235b9f2b08)
1 // Copyright (c) 2017-2024, Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC and other CEED contributors.
2 // All Rights Reserved. See the top-level LICENSE and NOTICE files for details.
3 //
4 // SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
5 //
6 // This file is part of CEED:  http://github.com/ceed
7 
8 #include <ceed.h>
9 #include <ceed/backend.h>
10 #include <ceed/jit-tools.h>
11 #include <assert.h>
12 #include <stdbool.h>
13 #include <string.h>
14 #include <hip/hip_runtime.h>
15 
16 #include "../hip/ceed-hip-common.h"
17 #include "../hip/ceed-hip-compile.h"
18 #include "ceed-hip-ref.h"
19 
20 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
21 // Destroy operator
22 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
23 static int CeedOperatorDestroy_Hip(CeedOperator op) {
24   CeedOperator_Hip *impl;
25 
26   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
27 
28   // Apply data
29   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < impl->num_inputs + impl->num_outputs; i++) {
30     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&impl->e_vecs[i]));
31   }
32   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->e_vecs));
33   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->input_states));
34 
35   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < impl->num_inputs; i++) {
36     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&impl->q_vecs_in[i]));
37   }
38   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->q_vecs_in));
39 
40   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < impl->num_outputs; i++) {
41     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&impl->q_vecs_out[i]));
42   }
43   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->q_vecs_out));
44   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&impl->point_coords_elem));
45 
46   // QFunction assembly data
47   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < impl->num_active_in; i++) {
48     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&impl->qf_active_in[i]));
49   }
50   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->qf_active_in));
51 
52   // Diag data
53   if (impl->diag) {
54     Ceed ceed;
55 
56     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
57     if (impl->diag->module) {
58       CeedCallHip(ceed, hipModuleUnload(impl->diag->module));
59     }
60     if (impl->diag->module_point_block) {
61       CeedCallHip(ceed, hipModuleUnload(impl->diag->module_point_block));
62     }
63     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_eval_modes_in));
64     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_eval_modes_out));
65     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_identity));
66     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_interp_in));
67     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_interp_out));
68     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_grad_in));
69     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_grad_out));
70     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_div_in));
71     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_div_out));
72     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_curl_in));
73     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_curl_out));
74     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&impl->diag->diag_rstr));
75     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&impl->diag->point_block_diag_rstr));
76     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&impl->diag->elem_diag));
77     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&impl->diag->point_block_elem_diag));
78   }
79   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->diag));
80 
81   if (impl->asmb) {
82     Ceed ceed;
83 
84     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
85     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipModuleUnload(impl->asmb->module));
86     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->asmb->d_B_in));
87     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->asmb->d_B_out));
88   }
89   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->asmb));
90 
91   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl));
92   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
93 }
94 
95 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
96 // Setup infields or outfields
97 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
98 static int CeedOperatorSetupFields_Hip(CeedQFunction qf, CeedOperator op, bool is_input, bool is_at_points, CeedVector *e_vecs, CeedVector *q_vecs,
99                                        CeedInt start_e, CeedInt num_fields, CeedInt Q, CeedInt num_elem) {
100   Ceed                ceed;
101   CeedQFunctionField *qf_fields;
102   CeedOperatorField  *op_fields;
103 
104   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
105   if (is_input) {
106     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, NULL, &op_fields, NULL, NULL));
107     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_fields, NULL, NULL));
108   } else {
109     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, NULL, NULL, NULL, &op_fields));
110     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, NULL, NULL, &qf_fields));
111   }
112 
113   // Loop over fields
114   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_fields; i++) {
115     bool         is_strided = false, skip_restriction = false;
116     CeedSize     q_size;
117     CeedInt      size;
118     CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
119     CeedBasis    basis;
120 
121     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_fields[i], &eval_mode));
122     if (eval_mode != CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) {
123       CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
124 
125       // Check whether this field can skip the element restriction:
126       // Must be passive input, with eval_mode NONE, and have a strided restriction with CEED_STRIDES_BACKEND.
127       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
128 
129       // First, check whether the field is input or output:
130       if (is_input) {
131         CeedVector vec;
132 
133         // Check for passive input
134         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_fields[i], &vec));
135         if (vec != CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
136           // Check eval_mode
137           if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE) {
138             // Check for strided restriction
139             CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionIsStrided(elem_rstr, &is_strided));
140             if (is_strided) {
141               // Check if vector is already in preferred backend ordering
142               CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionHasBackendStrides(elem_rstr, &skip_restriction));
143             }
144           }
145         }
146       }
147       if (skip_restriction) {
148         // We do not need an E-Vector, but will use the input field vector's data directly in the operator application.
149         e_vecs[i + start_e] = NULL;
150       } else {
151         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionCreateVector(elem_rstr, NULL, &e_vecs[i + start_e]));
152       }
153     }
154 
155     switch (eval_mode) {
156       case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
157         CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetSize(qf_fields[i], &size));
158         q_size = (CeedSize)num_elem * Q * size;
159         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorCreate(ceed, q_size, &q_vecs[i]));
160         break;
161       case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
162       case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
163       case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
164       case CEED_EVAL_CURL:
165         CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetSize(qf_fields[i], &size));
166         q_size = (CeedSize)num_elem * Q * size;
167         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorCreate(ceed, q_size, &q_vecs[i]));
168         break;
169       case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT:  // Only on input fields
170         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_fields[i], &basis));
171         q_size = (CeedSize)num_elem * Q;
172         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorCreate(ceed, q_size, &q_vecs[i]));
173         if (is_at_points) {
174           CeedInt num_points[num_elem];
175 
176           for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_elem; i++) num_points[i] = Q;
177           CeedCallBackend(
178               CeedBasisApplyAtPoints(basis, num_elem, num_points, CEED_NOTRANSPOSE, CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT, CEED_VECTOR_NONE, CEED_VECTOR_NONE, q_vecs[i]));
179         } else {
180           CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisApply(basis, num_elem, CEED_NOTRANSPOSE, CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT, CEED_VECTOR_NONE, q_vecs[i]));
181         }
182         break;
183     }
184   }
185   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
186 }
187 
188 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
189 // CeedOperator needs to connect all the named fields (be they active or passive) to the named inputs and outputs of its CeedQFunction.
190 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
191 static int CeedOperatorSetup_Hip(CeedOperator op) {
192   Ceed                ceed;
193   bool                is_setup_done;
194   CeedInt             Q, num_elem, num_input_fields, num_output_fields;
195   CeedQFunctionField *qf_input_fields, *qf_output_fields;
196   CeedQFunction       qf;
197   CeedOperatorField  *op_input_fields, *op_output_fields;
198   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
199 
200   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorIsSetupDone(op, &is_setup_done));
201   if (is_setup_done) return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
202 
203   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
204   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
205   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
206   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumQuadraturePoints(op, &Q));
207   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumElements(op, &num_elem));
208   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, &num_input_fields, &op_input_fields, &num_output_fields, &op_output_fields));
209   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_input_fields, NULL, &qf_output_fields));
210 
211   // Allocate
212   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_input_fields + num_output_fields, &impl->e_vecs));
213   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(CEED_FIELD_MAX, &impl->input_states));
214   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(CEED_FIELD_MAX, &impl->q_vecs_in));
215   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(CEED_FIELD_MAX, &impl->q_vecs_out));
216   impl->num_inputs  = num_input_fields;
217   impl->num_outputs = num_output_fields;
218 
219   // Set up infield and outfield e_vecs and q_vecs
220   // Infields
221   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetupFields_Hip(qf, op, true, false, impl->e_vecs, impl->q_vecs_in, 0, num_input_fields, Q, num_elem));
222   // Outfields
223   CeedCallBackend(
224       CeedOperatorSetupFields_Hip(qf, op, false, false, impl->e_vecs, impl->q_vecs_out, num_input_fields, num_output_fields, Q, num_elem));
225 
226   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetSetupDone(op));
227   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
228 }
229 
230 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
231 // Setup Operator Inputs
232 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
233 static inline int CeedOperatorSetupInputs_Hip(CeedInt num_input_fields, CeedQFunctionField *qf_input_fields, CeedOperatorField *op_input_fields,
234                                               CeedVector in_vec, const bool skip_active, CeedScalar *e_data[2 * CEED_FIELD_MAX],
235                                               CeedOperator_Hip *impl, CeedRequest *request) {
236   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
237     CeedEvalMode        eval_mode;
238     CeedVector          vec;
239     CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
240 
241     // Get input vector
242     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_fields[i], &vec));
243     if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
244       if (skip_active) continue;
245       else vec = in_vec;
246     }
247 
248     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_input_fields[i], &eval_mode));
249     if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) {  // Skip
250     } else {
251       // Get input vector
252       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_fields[i], &vec));
253       // Get input element restriction
254       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_input_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
255       if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) vec = in_vec;
256       // Restrict, if necessary
257       if (!impl->e_vecs[i]) {
258         // No restriction for this field; read data directly from vec.
259         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayRead(vec, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, (const CeedScalar **)&e_data[i]));
260       } else {
261         uint64_t state;
262 
263         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetState(vec, &state));
264         if (state != impl->input_states[i]) {
265           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionApply(elem_rstr, CEED_NOTRANSPOSE, vec, impl->e_vecs[i], request));
266           impl->input_states[i] = state;
267         }
268         // Get evec
269         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayRead(impl->e_vecs[i], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, (const CeedScalar **)&e_data[i]));
270       }
271     }
272   }
273   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
274 }
275 
276 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
277 // Input Basis Action
278 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
279 static inline int CeedOperatorInputBasis_Hip(CeedInt num_elem, CeedQFunctionField *qf_input_fields, CeedOperatorField *op_input_fields,
280                                              CeedInt num_input_fields, const bool skip_active, CeedScalar *e_data[2 * CEED_FIELD_MAX],
281                                              CeedOperator_Hip *impl) {
282   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
283     CeedInt             elem_size, size;
284     CeedEvalMode        eval_mode;
285     CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
286     CeedBasis           basis;
287 
288     // Skip active input
289     if (skip_active) {
290       CeedVector vec;
291 
292       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_fields[i], &vec));
293       if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) continue;
294     }
295     // Get elem_size, eval_mode, size
296     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_input_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
297     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(elem_rstr, &elem_size));
298     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_input_fields[i], &eval_mode));
299     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetSize(qf_input_fields[i], &size));
300     // Basis action
301     switch (eval_mode) {
302       case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
303         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetArray(impl->q_vecs_in[i], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, CEED_USE_POINTER, e_data[i]));
304         break;
305       case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
306       case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
307       case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
308       case CEED_EVAL_CURL:
309         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_input_fields[i], &basis));
310         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisApply(basis, num_elem, CEED_NOTRANSPOSE, eval_mode, impl->e_vecs[i], impl->q_vecs_in[i]));
311         break;
312       case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT:
313         break;  // No action
314     }
315   }
316   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
317 }
318 
319 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
320 // Restore Input Vectors
321 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
322 static inline int CeedOperatorRestoreInputs_Hip(CeedInt num_input_fields, CeedQFunctionField *qf_input_fields, CeedOperatorField *op_input_fields,
323                                                 const bool skip_active, CeedScalar *e_data[2 * CEED_FIELD_MAX], CeedOperator_Hip *impl) {
324   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
325     CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
326     CeedVector   vec;
327 
328     // Skip active input
329     if (skip_active) {
330       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_fields[i], &vec));
331       if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) continue;
332     }
333     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_input_fields[i], &eval_mode));
334     if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) {  // Skip
335     } else {
336       if (!impl->e_vecs[i]) {  // This was a skip_restriction case
337         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_fields[i], &vec));
338         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArrayRead(vec, (const CeedScalar **)&e_data[i]));
339       } else {
340         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArrayRead(impl->e_vecs[i], (const CeedScalar **)&e_data[i]));
341       }
342     }
343   }
344   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
345 }
346 
347 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
348 // Apply and add to output
349 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
350 static int CeedOperatorApplyAdd_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedVector in_vec, CeedVector out_vec, CeedRequest *request) {
351   CeedInt             Q, num_elem, elem_size, num_input_fields, num_output_fields, size;
352   CeedScalar         *e_data[2 * CEED_FIELD_MAX] = {NULL};
353   CeedQFunctionField *qf_input_fields, *qf_output_fields;
354   CeedQFunction       qf;
355   CeedOperatorField  *op_input_fields, *op_output_fields;
356   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
357 
358   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
359   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
360   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumQuadraturePoints(op, &Q));
361   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumElements(op, &num_elem));
362   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, &num_input_fields, &op_input_fields, &num_output_fields, &op_output_fields));
363   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_input_fields, NULL, &qf_output_fields));
364 
365   // Setup
366   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetup_Hip(op));
367 
368   // Input Evecs and Restriction
369   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetupInputs_Hip(num_input_fields, qf_input_fields, op_input_fields, in_vec, false, e_data, impl, request));
370 
371   // Input basis apply if needed
372   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorInputBasis_Hip(num_elem, qf_input_fields, op_input_fields, num_input_fields, false, e_data, impl));
373 
374   // Output pointers, as necessary
375   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
376     CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
377 
378     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
379     if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE) {
380       // Set the output Q-Vector to use the E-Vector data directly.
381       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayWrite(impl->e_vecs[i + impl->num_inputs], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &e_data[i + num_input_fields]));
382       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetArray(impl->q_vecs_out[i], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, CEED_USE_POINTER, e_data[i + num_input_fields]));
383     }
384   }
385 
386   // Q function
387   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionApply(qf, num_elem * Q, impl->q_vecs_in, impl->q_vecs_out));
388 
389   // Output basis apply if needed
390   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
391     CeedEvalMode        eval_mode;
392     CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
393     CeedBasis           basis;
394 
395     // Get elem_size, eval_mode, size
396     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_output_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
397     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(elem_rstr, &elem_size));
398     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
399     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetSize(qf_output_fields[i], &size));
400     // Basis action
401     switch (eval_mode) {
402       case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
403         break;  // No action
404       case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
405       case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
406       case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
407       case CEED_EVAL_CURL:
408         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_output_fields[i], &basis));
409         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisApply(basis, num_elem, CEED_TRANSPOSE, eval_mode, impl->q_vecs_out[i], impl->e_vecs[i + impl->num_inputs]));
410         break;
411       // LCOV_EXCL_START
412       case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT: {
413         return CeedError(CeedOperatorReturnCeed(op), CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT cannot be an output evaluation mode");
414         // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
415       }
416     }
417   }
418 
419   // Output restriction
420   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
421     CeedEvalMode        eval_mode;
422     CeedVector          vec;
423     CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
424 
425     // Restore evec
426     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
427     if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE) {
428       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArray(impl->e_vecs[i + impl->num_inputs], &e_data[i + num_input_fields]));
429     }
430     // Get output vector
431     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_output_fields[i], &vec));
432     // Restrict
433     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_output_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
434     // Active
435     if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) vec = out_vec;
436 
437     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionApply(elem_rstr, CEED_TRANSPOSE, impl->e_vecs[i + impl->num_inputs], vec, request));
438   }
439 
440   // Restore input arrays
441   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorRestoreInputs_Hip(num_input_fields, qf_input_fields, op_input_fields, false, e_data, impl));
442   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
443 }
444 
445 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
446 // CeedOperator needs to connect all the named fields (be they active or passive) to the named inputs and outputs of its CeedQFunction.
447 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
448 static int CeedOperatorSetupAtPoints_Hip(CeedOperator op) {
449   Ceed                ceed;
450   bool                is_setup_done;
451   CeedInt             max_num_points = -1, num_elem, num_input_fields, num_output_fields;
452   CeedQFunctionField *qf_input_fields, *qf_output_fields;
453   CeedQFunction       qf;
454   CeedOperatorField  *op_input_fields, *op_output_fields;
455   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
456 
457   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorIsSetupDone(op, &is_setup_done));
458   if (is_setup_done) return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
459 
460   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
461   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
462   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
463   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumElements(op, &num_elem));
464   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, &num_input_fields, &op_input_fields, &num_output_fields, &op_output_fields));
465   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_input_fields, NULL, &qf_output_fields));
466   {
467     CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr = NULL;
468 
469     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorAtPointsGetPoints(op, &elem_rstr, NULL));
470     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetMaxPointsInElement(elem_rstr, &max_num_points));
471   }
472   impl->max_num_points = max_num_points;
473 
474   // Allocate
475   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_input_fields + num_output_fields, &impl->e_vecs));
476   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(CEED_FIELD_MAX, &impl->input_states));
477   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(CEED_FIELD_MAX, &impl->q_vecs_in));
478   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(CEED_FIELD_MAX, &impl->q_vecs_out));
479   impl->num_inputs  = num_input_fields;
480   impl->num_outputs = num_output_fields;
481 
482   // Set up infield and outfield e_vecs and q_vecs
483   // Infields
484   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetupFields_Hip(qf, op, true, true, impl->e_vecs, impl->q_vecs_in, 0, num_input_fields, max_num_points, num_elem));
485   // Outfields
486   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetupFields_Hip(qf, op, false, true, impl->e_vecs, impl->q_vecs_out, num_input_fields, num_output_fields,
487                                               max_num_points, num_elem));
488 
489   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetSetupDone(op));
490   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
491 }
492 
493 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
494 // Input Basis Action AtPoints
495 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
496 static inline int CeedOperatorInputBasisAtPoints_Hip(CeedInt num_elem, const CeedInt *num_points, CeedQFunctionField *qf_input_fields,
497                                                      CeedOperatorField *op_input_fields, CeedInt num_input_fields, const bool skip_active,
498                                                      CeedScalar *e_data[2 * CEED_FIELD_MAX], CeedOperator_Hip *impl) {
499   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
500     CeedInt             elem_size, size;
501     CeedEvalMode        eval_mode;
502     CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
503     CeedBasis           basis;
504 
505     // Skip active input
506     if (skip_active) {
507       CeedVector vec;
508 
509       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_fields[i], &vec));
510       if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) continue;
511     }
512     // Get elem_size, eval_mode, size
513     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_input_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
514     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(elem_rstr, &elem_size));
515     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_input_fields[i], &eval_mode));
516     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetSize(qf_input_fields[i], &size));
517     // Basis action
518     switch (eval_mode) {
519       case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
520         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetArray(impl->q_vecs_in[i], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, CEED_USE_POINTER, e_data[i]));
521         break;
522       case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
523       case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
524       case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
525       case CEED_EVAL_CURL:
526         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_input_fields[i], &basis));
527         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisApplyAtPoints(basis, num_elem, num_points, CEED_NOTRANSPOSE, eval_mode, impl->point_coords_elem, impl->e_vecs[i],
528                                                impl->q_vecs_in[i]));
529         break;
530       case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT:
531         break;  // No action
532     }
533   }
534   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
535 }
536 
537 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
538 // Apply and add to output AtPoints
539 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
540 static int CeedOperatorApplyAddAtPoints_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedVector in_vec, CeedVector out_vec, CeedRequest *request) {
541   CeedInt             max_num_points, num_elem, elem_size, num_input_fields, num_output_fields, size;
542   CeedScalar         *e_data[2 * CEED_FIELD_MAX] = {NULL};
543   CeedQFunctionField *qf_input_fields, *qf_output_fields;
544   CeedQFunction       qf;
545   CeedOperatorField  *op_input_fields, *op_output_fields;
546   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
547 
548   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
549   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
550   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumElements(op, &num_elem));
551   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, &num_input_fields, &op_input_fields, &num_output_fields, &op_output_fields));
552   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_input_fields, NULL, &qf_output_fields));
553   CeedInt num_points[num_elem];
554 
555   // Setup
556   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetupAtPoints_Hip(op));
557   max_num_points = impl->max_num_points;
558   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_elem; i++) num_points[i] = max_num_points;
559 
560   // Input Evecs and Restriction
561   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetupInputs_Hip(num_input_fields, qf_input_fields, op_input_fields, in_vec, false, e_data, impl, request));
562 
563   // Get point coordinates
564   if (!impl->point_coords_elem) {
565     CeedVector          point_coords = NULL;
566     CeedElemRestriction rstr_points  = NULL;
567 
568     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorAtPointsGetPoints(op, &rstr_points, &point_coords));
569     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionCreateVector(rstr_points, NULL, &impl->point_coords_elem));
570     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionApply(rstr_points, CEED_NOTRANSPOSE, point_coords, impl->point_coords_elem, request));
571   }
572 
573   // Input basis apply if needed
574   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorInputBasisAtPoints_Hip(num_elem, num_points, qf_input_fields, op_input_fields, num_input_fields, false, e_data, impl));
575 
576   // Output pointers, as necessary
577   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
578     CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
579 
580     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
581     if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE) {
582       // Set the output Q-Vector to use the E-Vector data directly.
583       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayWrite(impl->e_vecs[i + impl->num_inputs], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &e_data[i + num_input_fields]));
584       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetArray(impl->q_vecs_out[i], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, CEED_USE_POINTER, e_data[i + num_input_fields]));
585     }
586   }
587 
588   // Q function
589   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionApply(qf, num_elem * max_num_points, impl->q_vecs_in, impl->q_vecs_out));
590 
591   // Output basis apply if needed
592   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
593     CeedEvalMode        eval_mode;
594     CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
595     CeedBasis           basis;
596 
597     // Get elem_size, eval_mode, size
598     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_output_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
599     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(elem_rstr, &elem_size));
600     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
601     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetSize(qf_output_fields[i], &size));
602     // Basis action
603     switch (eval_mode) {
604       case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
605         break;  // No action
606       case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
607       case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
608       case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
609       case CEED_EVAL_CURL:
610         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_output_fields[i], &basis));
611         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisApplyAtPoints(basis, num_elem, num_points, CEED_TRANSPOSE, eval_mode, impl->point_coords_elem, impl->q_vecs_out[i],
612                                                impl->e_vecs[i + impl->num_inputs]));
613         break;
614       // LCOV_EXCL_START
615       case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT: {
616         return CeedError(CeedOperatorReturnCeed(op), CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT cannot be an output evaluation mode");
617         // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
618       }
619     }
620   }
621 
622   // Output restriction
623   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
624     CeedEvalMode        eval_mode;
625     CeedVector          vec;
626     CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
627 
628     // Restore evec
629     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
630     if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE) {
631       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArray(impl->e_vecs[i + impl->num_inputs], &e_data[i + num_input_fields]));
632     }
633     // Get output vector
634     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_output_fields[i], &vec));
635     // Restrict
636     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_output_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
637     // Active
638     if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) vec = out_vec;
639 
640     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionApply(elem_rstr, CEED_TRANSPOSE, impl->e_vecs[i + impl->num_inputs], vec, request));
641   }
642 
643   // Restore input arrays
644   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorRestoreInputs_Hip(num_input_fields, qf_input_fields, op_input_fields, false, e_data, impl));
645   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
646 }
647 
648 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
649 // Linear QFunction Assembly Core
650 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
651 static inline int CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionCore_Hip(CeedOperator op, bool build_objects, CeedVector *assembled, CeedElemRestriction *rstr,
652                                                               CeedRequest *request) {
653   Ceed                ceed, ceed_parent;
654   CeedInt             num_active_in, num_active_out, Q, num_elem, num_input_fields, num_output_fields, size;
655   CeedScalar         *assembled_array, *e_data[2 * CEED_FIELD_MAX] = {NULL};
656   CeedVector         *active_inputs;
657   CeedQFunctionField *qf_input_fields, *qf_output_fields;
658   CeedQFunction       qf;
659   CeedOperatorField  *op_input_fields, *op_output_fields;
660   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
661 
662   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
663   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFallbackParentCeed(op, &ceed_parent));
664   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
665   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumQuadraturePoints(op, &Q));
666   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumElements(op, &num_elem));
667   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
668   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_input_fields, NULL, &qf_output_fields));
669   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, &num_input_fields, &op_input_fields, &num_output_fields, &op_output_fields));
670   active_inputs = impl->qf_active_in;
671   num_active_in = impl->num_active_in, num_active_out = impl->num_active_out;
672 
673   // Setup
674   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetup_Hip(op));
675 
676   // Input Evecs and Restriction
677   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetupInputs_Hip(num_input_fields, qf_input_fields, op_input_fields, NULL, true, e_data, impl, request));
678 
679   // Count number of active input fields
680   if (!num_active_in) {
681     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
682       CeedScalar *q_vec_array;
683       CeedVector  vec;
684 
685       // Get input vector
686       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_fields[i], &vec));
687       // Check if active input
688       if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
689         CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetSize(qf_input_fields[i], &size));
690         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValue(impl->q_vecs_in[i], 0.0));
691         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArray(impl->q_vecs_in[i], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &q_vec_array));
692         CeedCallBackend(CeedRealloc(num_active_in + size, &active_inputs));
693         for (CeedInt field = 0; field < size; field++) {
694           CeedSize q_size = (CeedSize)Q * num_elem;
695 
696           CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorCreate(ceed, q_size, &active_inputs[num_active_in + field]));
697           CeedCallBackend(
698               CeedVectorSetArray(active_inputs[num_active_in + field], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, CEED_USE_POINTER, &q_vec_array[field * Q * num_elem]));
699         }
700         num_active_in += size;
701         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArray(impl->q_vecs_in[i], &q_vec_array));
702       }
703     }
704     impl->num_active_in = num_active_in;
705     impl->qf_active_in  = active_inputs;
706   }
707 
708   // Count number of active output fields
709   if (!num_active_out) {
710     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
711       CeedVector vec;
712 
713       // Get output vector
714       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_output_fields[i], &vec));
715       // Check if active output
716       if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
717         CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetSize(qf_output_fields[i], &size));
718         num_active_out += size;
719       }
720     }
721     impl->num_active_out = num_active_out;
722   }
723 
724   // Check sizes
725   CeedCheck(num_active_in > 0 && num_active_out > 0, ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "Cannot assemble QFunction without active inputs and outputs");
726 
727   // Build objects if needed
728   if (build_objects) {
729     CeedSize l_size     = (CeedSize)num_elem * Q * num_active_in * num_active_out;
730     CeedInt  strides[3] = {1, num_elem * Q, Q}; /* *NOPAD* */
731 
732     // Create output restriction
733     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionCreateStrided(ceed_parent, num_elem, Q, num_active_in * num_active_out,
734                                                      (CeedSize)num_active_in * (CeedSize)num_active_out * (CeedSize)num_elem * (CeedSize)Q, strides,
735                                                      rstr));
736     // Create assembled vector
737     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorCreate(ceed_parent, l_size, assembled));
738   }
739   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValue(*assembled, 0.0));
740   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArray(*assembled, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &assembled_array));
741 
742   // Input basis apply
743   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorInputBasis_Hip(num_elem, qf_input_fields, op_input_fields, num_input_fields, true, e_data, impl));
744 
745   // Assemble QFunction
746   for (CeedInt in = 0; in < num_active_in; in++) {
747     // Set Inputs
748     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValue(active_inputs[in], 1.0));
749     if (num_active_in > 1) {
750       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValue(active_inputs[(in + num_active_in - 1) % num_active_in], 0.0));
751     }
752     // Set Outputs
753     for (CeedInt out = 0; out < num_output_fields; out++) {
754       CeedVector vec;
755 
756       // Get output vector
757       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_output_fields[out], &vec));
758       // Check if active output
759       if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
760         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetArray(impl->q_vecs_out[out], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, CEED_USE_POINTER, assembled_array));
761         CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetSize(qf_output_fields[out], &size));
762         assembled_array += size * Q * num_elem;  // Advance the pointer by the size of the output
763       }
764     }
765     // Apply QFunction
766     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionApply(qf, Q * num_elem, impl->q_vecs_in, impl->q_vecs_out));
767   }
768 
769   // Un-set output q_vecs to prevent accidental overwrite of Assembled
770   for (CeedInt out = 0; out < num_output_fields; out++) {
771     CeedVector vec;
772 
773     // Get output vector
774     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_output_fields[out], &vec));
775     // Check if active output
776     if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
777       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorTakeArray(impl->q_vecs_out[out], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, NULL));
778     }
779   }
780 
781   // Restore input arrays
782   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorRestoreInputs_Hip(num_input_fields, qf_input_fields, op_input_fields, true, e_data, impl));
783 
784   // Restore output
785   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArray(*assembled, &assembled_array));
786   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
787 }
788 
789 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
790 // Assemble Linear QFunction
791 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
792 static int CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunction_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedVector *assembled, CeedElemRestriction *rstr, CeedRequest *request) {
793   return CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionCore_Hip(op, true, assembled, rstr, request);
794 }
795 
796 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
797 // Update Assembled Linear QFunction
798 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
799 static int CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionUpdate_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedVector assembled, CeedElemRestriction rstr, CeedRequest *request) {
800   return CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionCore_Hip(op, false, &assembled, &rstr, request);
801 }
802 
803 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
804 // Assemble Diagonal Setup
805 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
806 static inline int CeedOperatorAssembleDiagonalSetup_Hip(CeedOperator op) {
807   Ceed                ceed;
808   CeedInt             num_input_fields, num_output_fields, num_eval_modes_in = 0, num_eval_modes_out = 0;
809   CeedInt             q_comp, num_nodes, num_qpts;
810   CeedEvalMode       *eval_modes_in = NULL, *eval_modes_out = NULL;
811   CeedBasis           basis_in = NULL, basis_out = NULL;
812   CeedQFunctionField *qf_fields;
813   CeedQFunction       qf;
814   CeedOperatorField  *op_fields;
815   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
816 
817   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
818   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
819   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetNumArgs(qf, &num_input_fields, &num_output_fields));
820 
821   // Determine active input basis
822   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, NULL, &op_fields, NULL, NULL));
823   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_fields, NULL, NULL));
824   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
825     CeedVector vec;
826 
827     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_fields[i], &vec));
828     if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
829       CeedBasis    basis;
830       CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
831 
832       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_fields[i], &basis));
833       CeedCheck(!basis_in || basis_in == basis, ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND,
834                 "Backend does not implement operator diagonal assembly with multiple active bases");
835       basis_in = basis;
836       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_fields[i], &eval_mode));
837       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis_in, eval_mode, &q_comp));
838       if (eval_mode != CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) {
839         // q_comp = 1 if CEED_EVAL_NONE, CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT caught by QF assembly
840         CeedCallBackend(CeedRealloc(num_eval_modes_in + q_comp, &eval_modes_in));
841         for (CeedInt d = 0; d < q_comp; d++) eval_modes_in[num_eval_modes_in + d] = eval_mode;
842         num_eval_modes_in += q_comp;
843       }
844     }
845   }
846 
847   // Determine active output basis
848   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, NULL, NULL, NULL, &op_fields));
849   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, NULL, NULL, &qf_fields));
850   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
851     CeedVector vec;
852 
853     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_fields[i], &vec));
854     if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
855       CeedBasis    basis;
856       CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
857 
858       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_fields[i], &basis));
859       CeedCheck(!basis_out || basis_out == basis, ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND,
860                 "Backend does not implement operator diagonal assembly with multiple active bases");
861       basis_out = basis;
862       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_fields[i], &eval_mode));
863       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis_out, eval_mode, &q_comp));
864       if (eval_mode != CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) {
865         // q_comp = 1 if CEED_EVAL_NONE, CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT caught by QF assembly
866         CeedCallBackend(CeedRealloc(num_eval_modes_out + q_comp, &eval_modes_out));
867         for (CeedInt d = 0; d < q_comp; d++) eval_modes_out[num_eval_modes_out + d] = eval_mode;
868         num_eval_modes_out += q_comp;
869       }
870     }
871   }
872 
873   // Operator data struct
874   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
875   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(1, &impl->diag));
876   CeedOperatorDiag_Hip *diag = impl->diag;
877 
878   // Basis matrices
879   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumNodes(basis_in, &num_nodes));
880   if (basis_in == CEED_BASIS_NONE) num_qpts = num_nodes;
881   else CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadraturePoints(basis_in, &num_qpts));
882   const CeedInt interp_bytes     = num_nodes * num_qpts * sizeof(CeedScalar);
883   const CeedInt eval_modes_bytes = sizeof(CeedEvalMode);
884   bool          has_eval_none    = false;
885 
886   // CEED_EVAL_NONE
887   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_eval_modes_in; i++) has_eval_none = has_eval_none || (eval_modes_in[i] == CEED_EVAL_NONE);
888   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_eval_modes_out; i++) has_eval_none = has_eval_none || (eval_modes_out[i] == CEED_EVAL_NONE);
889   if (has_eval_none) {
890     CeedScalar *identity = NULL;
891 
892     CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_nodes * num_qpts, &identity));
893     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < (num_nodes < num_qpts ? num_nodes : num_qpts); i++) identity[i * num_nodes + i] = 1.0;
894     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&diag->d_identity, interp_bytes));
895     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(diag->d_identity, identity, interp_bytes, hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
896     CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&identity));
897   }
898 
899   // CEED_EVAL_INTERP, CEED_EVAL_GRAD, CEED_EVAL_DIV, and CEED_EVAL_CURL
900   for (CeedInt in = 0; in < 2; in++) {
901     CeedFESpace fespace;
902     CeedBasis   basis = in ? basis_in : basis_out;
903 
904     CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetFESpace(basis, &fespace));
905     switch (fespace) {
906       case CEED_FE_SPACE_H1: {
907         CeedInt           q_comp_interp, q_comp_grad;
908         const CeedScalar *interp, *grad;
909         CeedScalar       *d_interp, *d_grad;
910 
911         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis, CEED_EVAL_INTERP, &q_comp_interp));
912         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis, CEED_EVAL_GRAD, &q_comp_grad));
913 
914         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetInterp(basis, &interp));
915         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&d_interp, interp_bytes * q_comp_interp));
916         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(d_interp, interp, interp_bytes * q_comp_interp, hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
917         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetGrad(basis, &grad));
918         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&d_grad, interp_bytes * q_comp_grad));
919         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(d_grad, grad, interp_bytes * q_comp_grad, hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
920         if (in) {
921           diag->d_interp_in = d_interp;
922           diag->d_grad_in   = d_grad;
923         } else {
924           diag->d_interp_out = d_interp;
925           diag->d_grad_out   = d_grad;
926         }
927       } break;
928       case CEED_FE_SPACE_HDIV: {
929         CeedInt           q_comp_interp, q_comp_div;
930         const CeedScalar *interp, *div;
931         CeedScalar       *d_interp, *d_div;
932 
933         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis, CEED_EVAL_INTERP, &q_comp_interp));
934         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis, CEED_EVAL_DIV, &q_comp_div));
935 
936         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetInterp(basis, &interp));
937         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&d_interp, interp_bytes * q_comp_interp));
938         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(d_interp, interp, interp_bytes * q_comp_interp, hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
939         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetDiv(basis, &div));
940         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&d_div, interp_bytes * q_comp_div));
941         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(d_div, div, interp_bytes * q_comp_div, hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
942         if (in) {
943           diag->d_interp_in = d_interp;
944           diag->d_div_in    = d_div;
945         } else {
946           diag->d_interp_out = d_interp;
947           diag->d_div_out    = d_div;
948         }
949       } break;
950       case CEED_FE_SPACE_HCURL: {
951         CeedInt           q_comp_interp, q_comp_curl;
952         const CeedScalar *interp, *curl;
953         CeedScalar       *d_interp, *d_curl;
954 
955         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis, CEED_EVAL_INTERP, &q_comp_interp));
956         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis, CEED_EVAL_CURL, &q_comp_curl));
957 
958         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetInterp(basis, &interp));
959         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&d_interp, interp_bytes * q_comp_interp));
960         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(d_interp, interp, interp_bytes * q_comp_interp, hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
961         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetCurl(basis, &curl));
962         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&d_curl, interp_bytes * q_comp_curl));
963         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(d_curl, curl, interp_bytes * q_comp_curl, hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
964         if (in) {
965           diag->d_interp_in = d_interp;
966           diag->d_curl_in   = d_curl;
967         } else {
968           diag->d_interp_out = d_interp;
969           diag->d_curl_out   = d_curl;
970         }
971       } break;
972     }
973   }
974 
975   // Arrays of eval_modes
976   CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&diag->d_eval_modes_in, num_eval_modes_in * eval_modes_bytes));
977   CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(diag->d_eval_modes_in, eval_modes_in, num_eval_modes_in * eval_modes_bytes, hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
978   CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&diag->d_eval_modes_out, num_eval_modes_out * eval_modes_bytes));
979   CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(diag->d_eval_modes_out, eval_modes_out, num_eval_modes_out * eval_modes_bytes, hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
980   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&eval_modes_in));
981   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&eval_modes_out));
982   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
983 }
984 
985 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
986 // Assemble Diagonal Setup (Compilation)
987 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
988 static inline int CeedOperatorAssembleDiagonalSetupCompile_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedInt use_ceedsize_idx, const bool is_point_block) {
989   Ceed                ceed;
990   char               *diagonal_kernel_source;
991   const char         *diagonal_kernel_path;
992   CeedInt             num_input_fields, num_output_fields, num_eval_modes_in = 0, num_eval_modes_out = 0;
993   CeedInt             num_comp, q_comp, num_nodes, num_qpts;
994   CeedBasis           basis_in = NULL, basis_out = NULL;
995   CeedQFunctionField *qf_fields;
996   CeedQFunction       qf;
997   CeedOperatorField  *op_fields;
998   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
999 
1000   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
1001   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
1002   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetNumArgs(qf, &num_input_fields, &num_output_fields));
1003 
1004   // Determine active input basis
1005   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, NULL, &op_fields, NULL, NULL));
1006   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_fields, NULL, NULL));
1007   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
1008     CeedVector vec;
1009 
1010     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_fields[i], &vec));
1011     if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
1012       CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
1013 
1014       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_fields[i], &basis_in));
1015       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_fields[i], &eval_mode));
1016       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis_in, eval_mode, &q_comp));
1017       if (eval_mode != CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) {
1018         num_eval_modes_in += q_comp;
1019       }
1020     }
1021   }
1022 
1023   // Determine active output basis
1024   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, NULL, NULL, NULL, &op_fields));
1025   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, NULL, NULL, &qf_fields));
1026   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
1027     CeedVector vec;
1028 
1029     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_fields[i], &vec));
1030     if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
1031       CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
1032 
1033       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_fields[i], &basis_out));
1034       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_fields[i], &eval_mode));
1035       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis_out, eval_mode, &q_comp));
1036       if (eval_mode != CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) {
1037         num_eval_modes_out += q_comp;
1038       }
1039     }
1040   }
1041 
1042   // Operator data struct
1043   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
1044   CeedOperatorDiag_Hip *diag = impl->diag;
1045 
1046   // Assemble kernel
1047   hipModule_t *module          = is_point_block ? &diag->module_point_block : &diag->module;
1048   CeedInt      elems_per_block = 1;
1049   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumNodes(basis_in, &num_nodes));
1050   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumComponents(basis_in, &num_comp));
1051   if (basis_in == CEED_BASIS_NONE) num_qpts = num_nodes;
1052   else CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadraturePoints(basis_in, &num_qpts));
1053   CeedCallBackend(CeedGetJitAbsolutePath(ceed, "ceed/jit-source/hip/hip-ref-operator-assemble-diagonal.h", &diagonal_kernel_path));
1054   CeedDebug256(ceed, CEED_DEBUG_COLOR_SUCCESS, "----- Loading Diagonal Assembly Kernel Source -----\n");
1055   CeedCallBackend(CeedLoadSourceToBuffer(ceed, diagonal_kernel_path, &diagonal_kernel_source));
1056   CeedDebug256(ceed, CEED_DEBUG_COLOR_SUCCESS, "----- Loading Diagonal Assembly Source Complete! -----\n");
1057   CeedCallHip(ceed, CeedCompile_Hip(ceed, diagonal_kernel_source, module, 8, "NUM_EVAL_MODES_IN", num_eval_modes_in, "NUM_EVAL_MODES_OUT",
1058                                     num_eval_modes_out, "NUM_COMP", num_comp, "NUM_NODES", num_nodes, "NUM_QPTS", num_qpts, "USE_CEEDSIZE",
1059                                     use_ceedsize_idx, "USE_POINT_BLOCK", is_point_block ? 1 : 0, "BLOCK_SIZE", num_nodes * elems_per_block));
1060   CeedCallHip(ceed, CeedGetKernel_Hip(ceed, *module, "LinearDiagonal", is_point_block ? &diag->LinearPointBlock : &diag->LinearDiagonal));
1061   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&diagonal_kernel_path));
1062   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&diagonal_kernel_source));
1063   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
1064 }
1065 
1066 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1067 // Assemble Diagonal Core
1068 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1069 static inline int CeedOperatorAssembleDiagonalCore_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedVector assembled, CeedRequest *request, const bool is_point_block) {
1070   Ceed                ceed;
1071   CeedInt             num_elem, num_nodes;
1072   CeedScalar         *elem_diag_array;
1073   const CeedScalar   *assembled_qf_array;
1074   CeedVector          assembled_qf   = NULL, elem_diag;
1075   CeedElemRestriction assembled_rstr = NULL, rstr_in, rstr_out, diag_rstr;
1076   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
1077 
1078   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
1079   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
1080 
1081   // Assemble QFunction
1082   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionBuildOrUpdate(op, &assembled_qf, &assembled_rstr, request));
1083   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&assembled_rstr));
1084   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayRead(assembled_qf, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &assembled_qf_array));
1085 
1086   // Setup
1087   if (!impl->diag) CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorAssembleDiagonalSetup_Hip(op));
1088   CeedOperatorDiag_Hip *diag = impl->diag;
1089 
1090   assert(diag != NULL);
1091 
1092   // Assemble kernel if needed
1093   if ((!is_point_block && !diag->LinearDiagonal) || (is_point_block && !diag->LinearPointBlock)) {
1094     CeedSize assembled_length, assembled_qf_length;
1095     CeedInt  use_ceedsize_idx = 0;
1096     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetLength(assembled, &assembled_length));
1097     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetLength(assembled_qf, &assembled_qf_length));
1098     if ((assembled_length > INT_MAX) || (assembled_qf_length > INT_MAX)) use_ceedsize_idx = 1;
1099 
1100     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorAssembleDiagonalSetupCompile_Hip(op, use_ceedsize_idx, is_point_block));
1101   }
1102 
1103   // Restriction and diagonal vector
1104   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetActiveElemRestrictions(op, &rstr_in, &rstr_out));
1105   CeedCheck(rstr_in == rstr_out, ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND,
1106             "Cannot assemble operator diagonal with different input and output active element restrictions");
1107   if (!is_point_block && !diag->diag_rstr) {
1108     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionCreateUnsignedCopy(rstr_out, &diag->diag_rstr));
1109     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionCreateVector(diag->diag_rstr, NULL, &diag->elem_diag));
1110   } else if (is_point_block && !diag->point_block_diag_rstr) {
1111     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorCreateActivePointBlockRestriction(rstr_out, &diag->point_block_diag_rstr));
1112     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionCreateVector(diag->point_block_diag_rstr, NULL, &diag->point_block_elem_diag));
1113   }
1114   diag_rstr = is_point_block ? diag->point_block_diag_rstr : diag->diag_rstr;
1115   elem_diag = is_point_block ? diag->point_block_elem_diag : diag->elem_diag;
1116   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValue(elem_diag, 0.0));
1117 
1118   // Only assemble diagonal if the basis has nodes, otherwise inputs are null pointers
1119   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(diag_rstr, &num_nodes));
1120   if (num_nodes > 0) {
1121     // Assemble element operator diagonals
1122     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArray(elem_diag, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &elem_diag_array));
1123     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumElements(diag_rstr, &num_elem));
1124 
1125     // Compute the diagonal of B^T D B
1126     CeedInt elems_per_block = 1;
1127     CeedInt grid            = CeedDivUpInt(num_elem, elems_per_block);
1128     void   *args[]          = {(void *)&num_elem,      &diag->d_identity,       &diag->d_interp_in,  &diag->d_grad_in, &diag->d_div_in,
1129                                &diag->d_curl_in,       &diag->d_interp_out,     &diag->d_grad_out,   &diag->d_div_out, &diag->d_curl_out,
1130                                &diag->d_eval_modes_in, &diag->d_eval_modes_out, &assembled_qf_array, &elem_diag_array};
1131 
1132     if (is_point_block) {
1133       CeedCallBackend(CeedRunKernelDim_Hip(ceed, diag->LinearPointBlock, grid, num_nodes, 1, elems_per_block, args));
1134     } else {
1135       CeedCallBackend(CeedRunKernelDim_Hip(ceed, diag->LinearDiagonal, grid, num_nodes, 1, elems_per_block, args));
1136     }
1137 
1138     // Restore arrays
1139     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArray(elem_diag, &elem_diag_array));
1140     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArrayRead(assembled_qf, &assembled_qf_array));
1141   }
1142 
1143   // Assemble local operator diagonal
1144   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionApply(diag_rstr, CEED_TRANSPOSE, elem_diag, assembled, request));
1145 
1146   // Cleanup
1147   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&assembled_qf));
1148   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
1149 }
1150 
1151 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1152 // Assemble Linear Diagonal
1153 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1154 static int CeedOperatorLinearAssembleAddDiagonal_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedVector assembled, CeedRequest *request) {
1155   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorAssembleDiagonalCore_Hip(op, assembled, request, false));
1156   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
1157 }
1158 
1159 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1160 // Assemble Linear Point Block Diagonal
1161 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1162 static int CeedOperatorLinearAssembleAddPointBlockDiagonal_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedVector assembled, CeedRequest *request) {
1163   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorAssembleDiagonalCore_Hip(op, assembled, request, true));
1164   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
1165 }
1166 
1167 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1168 // Single Operator Assembly Setup
1169 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1170 static int CeedSingleOperatorAssembleSetup_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedInt use_ceedsize_idx) {
1171   Ceed                ceed;
1172   char               *assembly_kernel_source;
1173   const char         *assembly_kernel_path;
1174   CeedInt             num_input_fields, num_output_fields, num_eval_modes_in = 0, num_eval_modes_out = 0;
1175   CeedInt             elem_size_in, num_qpts_in = 0, num_comp_in, elem_size_out, num_qpts_out, num_comp_out, q_comp;
1176   CeedEvalMode       *eval_modes_in = NULL, *eval_modes_out = NULL;
1177   CeedElemRestriction rstr_in = NULL, rstr_out = NULL;
1178   CeedBasis           basis_in = NULL, basis_out = NULL;
1179   CeedQFunctionField *qf_fields;
1180   CeedQFunction       qf;
1181   CeedOperatorField  *input_fields, *output_fields;
1182   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
1183 
1184   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
1185   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
1186 
1187   // Get intput and output fields
1188   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, &num_input_fields, &input_fields, &num_output_fields, &output_fields));
1189 
1190   // Determine active input basis eval mode
1191   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
1192   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_fields, NULL, NULL));
1193   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
1194     CeedVector vec;
1195 
1196     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(input_fields[i], &vec));
1197     if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
1198       CeedBasis    basis;
1199       CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
1200 
1201       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(input_fields[i], &basis));
1202       CeedCheck(!basis_in || basis_in == basis, ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "Backend does not implement operator assembly with multiple active bases");
1203       basis_in = basis;
1204       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(input_fields[i], &rstr_in));
1205       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(rstr_in, &elem_size_in));
1206       if (basis_in == CEED_BASIS_NONE) num_qpts_in = elem_size_in;
1207       else CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadraturePoints(basis_in, &num_qpts_in));
1208       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_fields[i], &eval_mode));
1209       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis_in, eval_mode, &q_comp));
1210       if (eval_mode != CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) {
1211         // q_comp = 1 if CEED_EVAL_NONE, CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT caught by QF Assembly
1212         CeedCallBackend(CeedRealloc(num_eval_modes_in + q_comp, &eval_modes_in));
1213         for (CeedInt d = 0; d < q_comp; d++) {
1214           eval_modes_in[num_eval_modes_in + d] = eval_mode;
1215         }
1216         num_eval_modes_in += q_comp;
1217       }
1218     }
1219   }
1220 
1221   // Determine active output basis; basis_out and rstr_out only used if same as input, TODO
1222   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, NULL, NULL, &qf_fields));
1223   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
1224     CeedVector vec;
1225 
1226     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(output_fields[i], &vec));
1227     if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
1228       CeedBasis    basis;
1229       CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
1230 
1231       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(output_fields[i], &basis));
1232       CeedCheck(!basis_out || basis_out == basis, ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND,
1233                 "Backend does not implement operator assembly with multiple active bases");
1234       basis_out = basis;
1235       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(output_fields[i], &rstr_out));
1236       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(rstr_out, &elem_size_out));
1237       if (basis_out == CEED_BASIS_NONE) num_qpts_out = elem_size_out;
1238       else CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadraturePoints(basis_out, &num_qpts_out));
1239       CeedCheck(num_qpts_in == num_qpts_out, ceed, CEED_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED,
1240                 "Active input and output bases must have the same number of quadrature points");
1241       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_fields[i], &eval_mode));
1242       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis_out, eval_mode, &q_comp));
1243       if (eval_mode != CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) {
1244         // q_comp = 1 if CEED_EVAL_NONE, CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT caught by QF Assembly
1245         CeedCallBackend(CeedRealloc(num_eval_modes_out + q_comp, &eval_modes_out));
1246         for (CeedInt d = 0; d < q_comp; d++) {
1247           eval_modes_out[num_eval_modes_out + d] = eval_mode;
1248         }
1249         num_eval_modes_out += q_comp;
1250       }
1251     }
1252   }
1253   CeedCheck(num_eval_modes_in > 0 && num_eval_modes_out > 0, ceed, CEED_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED, "Cannot assemble operator without inputs/outputs");
1254 
1255   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(1, &impl->asmb));
1256   CeedOperatorAssemble_Hip *asmb = impl->asmb;
1257   asmb->elems_per_block          = 1;
1258   asmb->block_size_x             = elem_size_in;
1259   asmb->block_size_y             = elem_size_out;
1260 
1261   bool fallback = asmb->block_size_x * asmb->block_size_y * asmb->elems_per_block > 1024;
1262 
1263   if (fallback) {
1264     // Use fallback kernel with 1D threadblock
1265     asmb->block_size_y = 1;
1266   }
1267 
1268   // Compile kernels
1269   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumComponents(rstr_in, &num_comp_in));
1270   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumComponents(rstr_out, &num_comp_out));
1271   CeedCallBackend(CeedGetJitAbsolutePath(ceed, "ceed/jit-source/hip/hip-ref-operator-assemble.h", &assembly_kernel_path));
1272   CeedDebug256(ceed, CEED_DEBUG_COLOR_SUCCESS, "----- Loading Assembly Kernel Source -----\n");
1273   CeedCallBackend(CeedLoadSourceToBuffer(ceed, assembly_kernel_path, &assembly_kernel_source));
1274   CeedDebug256(ceed, CEED_DEBUG_COLOR_SUCCESS, "----- Loading Assembly Source Complete! -----\n");
1275   CeedCallBackend(CeedCompile_Hip(ceed, assembly_kernel_source, &asmb->module, 10, "NUM_EVAL_MODES_IN", num_eval_modes_in, "NUM_EVAL_MODES_OUT",
1276                                   num_eval_modes_out, "NUM_COMP_IN", num_comp_in, "NUM_COMP_OUT", num_comp_out, "NUM_NODES_IN", elem_size_in,
1277                                   "NUM_NODES_OUT", elem_size_out, "NUM_QPTS", num_qpts_in, "BLOCK_SIZE",
1278                                   asmb->block_size_x * asmb->block_size_y * asmb->elems_per_block, "BLOCK_SIZE_Y", asmb->block_size_y, "USE_CEEDSIZE",
1279                                   use_ceedsize_idx));
1280   CeedCallBackend(CeedGetKernel_Hip(ceed, asmb->module, "LinearAssemble", &asmb->LinearAssemble));
1281   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&assembly_kernel_path));
1282   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&assembly_kernel_source));
1283 
1284   // Load into B_in, in order that they will be used in eval_modes_in
1285   {
1286     const CeedInt in_bytes           = elem_size_in * num_qpts_in * num_eval_modes_in * sizeof(CeedScalar);
1287     CeedInt       d_in               = 0;
1288     CeedEvalMode  eval_modes_in_prev = CEED_EVAL_NONE;
1289     bool          has_eval_none      = false;
1290     CeedScalar   *identity           = NULL;
1291 
1292     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_eval_modes_in; i++) {
1293       has_eval_none = has_eval_none || (eval_modes_in[i] == CEED_EVAL_NONE);
1294     }
1295     if (has_eval_none) {
1296       CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(elem_size_in * num_qpts_in, &identity));
1297       for (CeedInt i = 0; i < (elem_size_in < num_qpts_in ? elem_size_in : num_qpts_in); i++) identity[i * elem_size_in + i] = 1.0;
1298     }
1299 
1300     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&asmb->d_B_in, in_bytes));
1301     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_eval_modes_in; i++) {
1302       const CeedScalar *h_B_in;
1303 
1304       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetBasisPointer(basis_in, eval_modes_in[i], identity, &h_B_in));
1305       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis_in, eval_modes_in[i], &q_comp));
1306       if (q_comp > 1) {
1307         if (i == 0 || eval_modes_in[i] != eval_modes_in_prev) d_in = 0;
1308         else h_B_in = &h_B_in[(++d_in) * elem_size_in * num_qpts_in];
1309       }
1310       eval_modes_in_prev = eval_modes_in[i];
1311 
1312       CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(&asmb->d_B_in[i * elem_size_in * num_qpts_in], h_B_in, elem_size_in * num_qpts_in * sizeof(CeedScalar),
1313                                   hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
1314     }
1315 
1316     if (identity) {
1317       CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&identity));
1318     }
1319   }
1320 
1321   // Load into B_out, in order that they will be used in eval_modes_out
1322   {
1323     const CeedInt out_bytes           = elem_size_out * num_qpts_out * num_eval_modes_out * sizeof(CeedScalar);
1324     CeedInt       d_out               = 0;
1325     CeedEvalMode  eval_modes_out_prev = CEED_EVAL_NONE;
1326     bool          has_eval_none       = false;
1327     CeedScalar   *identity            = NULL;
1328 
1329     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_eval_modes_out; i++) {
1330       has_eval_none = has_eval_none || (eval_modes_out[i] == CEED_EVAL_NONE);
1331     }
1332     if (has_eval_none) {
1333       CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(elem_size_out * num_qpts_out, &identity));
1334       for (CeedInt i = 0; i < (elem_size_out < num_qpts_out ? elem_size_out : num_qpts_out); i++) identity[i * elem_size_out + i] = 1.0;
1335     }
1336 
1337     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&asmb->d_B_out, out_bytes));
1338     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_eval_modes_out; i++) {
1339       const CeedScalar *h_B_out;
1340 
1341       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetBasisPointer(basis_out, eval_modes_out[i], identity, &h_B_out));
1342       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis_out, eval_modes_out[i], &q_comp));
1343       if (q_comp > 1) {
1344         if (i == 0 || eval_modes_out[i] != eval_modes_out_prev) d_out = 0;
1345         else h_B_out = &h_B_out[(++d_out) * elem_size_out * num_qpts_out];
1346       }
1347       eval_modes_out_prev = eval_modes_out[i];
1348 
1349       CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(&asmb->d_B_out[i * elem_size_out * num_qpts_out], h_B_out, elem_size_out * num_qpts_out * sizeof(CeedScalar),
1350                                   hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
1351     }
1352 
1353     if (identity) {
1354       CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&identity));
1355     }
1356   }
1357   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
1358 }
1359 
1360 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1361 // Assemble matrix data for COO matrix of assembled operator.
1362 // The sparsity pattern is set by CeedOperatorLinearAssembleSymbolic.
1363 //
1364 // Note that this (and other assembly routines) currently assume only one active input restriction/basis per operator (could have multiple basis eval
1365 // modes).
1366 // TODO: allow multiple active input restrictions/basis objects
1367 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1368 static int CeedSingleOperatorAssemble_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedInt offset, CeedVector values) {
1369   Ceed                ceed;
1370   CeedSize            values_length = 0, assembled_qf_length = 0;
1371   CeedInt             use_ceedsize_idx = 0, num_elem_in, num_elem_out, elem_size_in, elem_size_out;
1372   CeedScalar         *values_array;
1373   const CeedScalar   *assembled_qf_array;
1374   CeedVector          assembled_qf   = NULL;
1375   CeedElemRestriction assembled_rstr = NULL, rstr_in, rstr_out;
1376   CeedRestrictionType rstr_type_in, rstr_type_out;
1377   const bool         *orients_in = NULL, *orients_out = NULL;
1378   const CeedInt8     *curl_orients_in = NULL, *curl_orients_out = NULL;
1379   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
1380 
1381   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
1382   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
1383 
1384   // Assemble QFunction
1385   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionBuildOrUpdate(op, &assembled_qf, &assembled_rstr, CEED_REQUEST_IMMEDIATE));
1386   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&assembled_rstr));
1387   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayRead(assembled_qf, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &assembled_qf_array));
1388 
1389   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetLength(values, &values_length));
1390   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetLength(assembled_qf, &assembled_qf_length));
1391   if ((values_length > INT_MAX) || (assembled_qf_length > INT_MAX)) use_ceedsize_idx = 1;
1392 
1393   // Setup
1394   if (!impl->asmb) CeedCallBackend(CeedSingleOperatorAssembleSetup_Hip(op, use_ceedsize_idx));
1395   CeedOperatorAssemble_Hip *asmb = impl->asmb;
1396 
1397   assert(asmb != NULL);
1398 
1399   // Assemble element operator
1400   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArray(values, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &values_array));
1401   values_array += offset;
1402 
1403   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetActiveElemRestrictions(op, &rstr_in, &rstr_out));
1404   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumElements(rstr_in, &num_elem_in));
1405   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(rstr_in, &elem_size_in));
1406 
1407   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetType(rstr_in, &rstr_type_in));
1408   if (rstr_type_in == CEED_RESTRICTION_ORIENTED) {
1409     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetOrientations(rstr_in, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &orients_in));
1410   } else if (rstr_type_in == CEED_RESTRICTION_CURL_ORIENTED) {
1411     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetCurlOrientations(rstr_in, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &curl_orients_in));
1412   }
1413 
1414   if (rstr_in != rstr_out) {
1415     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumElements(rstr_out, &num_elem_out));
1416     CeedCheck(num_elem_in == num_elem_out, ceed, CEED_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED,
1417               "Active input and output operator restrictions must have the same number of elements");
1418     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(rstr_out, &elem_size_out));
1419 
1420     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetType(rstr_out, &rstr_type_out));
1421     if (rstr_type_out == CEED_RESTRICTION_ORIENTED) {
1422       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetOrientations(rstr_out, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &orients_out));
1423     } else if (rstr_type_out == CEED_RESTRICTION_CURL_ORIENTED) {
1424       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetCurlOrientations(rstr_out, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &curl_orients_out));
1425     }
1426   } else {
1427     elem_size_out    = elem_size_in;
1428     orients_out      = orients_in;
1429     curl_orients_out = curl_orients_in;
1430   }
1431 
1432   // Compute B^T D B
1433   CeedInt shared_mem =
1434       ((curl_orients_in || curl_orients_out ? elem_size_in * elem_size_out : 0) + (curl_orients_in ? elem_size_in * asmb->block_size_y : 0)) *
1435       sizeof(CeedScalar);
1436   CeedInt grid   = CeedDivUpInt(num_elem_in, asmb->elems_per_block);
1437   void   *args[] = {(void *)&num_elem_in, &asmb->d_B_in,     &asmb->d_B_out,      &orients_in,  &curl_orients_in,
1438                     &orients_out,         &curl_orients_out, &assembled_qf_array, &values_array};
1439 
1440   CeedCallBackend(
1441       CeedRunKernelDimShared_Hip(ceed, asmb->LinearAssemble, grid, asmb->block_size_x, asmb->block_size_y, asmb->elems_per_block, shared_mem, args));
1442 
1443   // Restore arrays
1444   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArray(values, &values_array));
1445   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArrayRead(assembled_qf, &assembled_qf_array));
1446 
1447   // Cleanup
1448   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&assembled_qf));
1449   if (rstr_type_in == CEED_RESTRICTION_ORIENTED) {
1450     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionRestoreOrientations(rstr_in, &orients_in));
1451   } else if (rstr_type_in == CEED_RESTRICTION_CURL_ORIENTED) {
1452     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionRestoreCurlOrientations(rstr_in, &curl_orients_in));
1453   }
1454   if (rstr_in != rstr_out) {
1455     if (rstr_type_out == CEED_RESTRICTION_ORIENTED) {
1456       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionRestoreOrientations(rstr_out, &orients_out));
1457     } else if (rstr_type_out == CEED_RESTRICTION_CURL_ORIENTED) {
1458       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionRestoreCurlOrientations(rstr_out, &curl_orients_out));
1459     }
1460   }
1461   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
1462 }
1463 
1464 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1465 // Assemble Linear QFunction AtPoints
1466 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1467 static int CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionAtPoints_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedVector *assembled, CeedElemRestriction *rstr, CeedRequest *request) {
1468   return CeedError(CeedOperatorReturnCeed(op), CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "Backend does not implement CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunction");
1469 }
1470 
1471 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1472 // Assemble Linear Diagonal AtPoints
1473 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1474 static int CeedOperatorLinearAssembleAddDiagonalAtPoints_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedVector assembled, CeedRequest *request) {
1475   bool                is_active_at_points = true;
1476   CeedSize            e_vec_size          = 0;
1477   CeedInt             max_num_points, num_elem, num_input_fields, num_output_fields, elem_size_active = 1, num_comp_active = 1;
1478   CeedScalar         *e_data[2 * CEED_FIELD_MAX] = {NULL};
1479   CeedQFunctionField *qf_input_fields, *qf_output_fields;
1480   CeedQFunction       qf;
1481   CeedOperatorField  *op_input_fields, *op_output_fields;
1482   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
1483 
1484   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
1485   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
1486   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumElements(op, &num_elem));
1487   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, &num_input_fields, &op_input_fields, &num_output_fields, &op_output_fields));
1488   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_input_fields, NULL, &qf_output_fields));
1489   CeedInt num_points[num_elem];
1490 
1491   // Setup
1492   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetupAtPoints_Hip(op));
1493   max_num_points = impl->max_num_points;
1494   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_elem; i++) num_points[i] = max_num_points;
1495 
1496   // Input Evecs and Restriction
1497   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetupInputs_Hip(num_input_fields, qf_input_fields, op_input_fields, NULL, true, e_data, impl, request));
1498 
1499   // Check if active field is at points
1500   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
1501     CeedRestrictionType rstr_type;
1502     CeedVector          vec;
1503     CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
1504 
1505     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_fields[i], &vec));
1506     // Skip non-active input
1507     if (vec != CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) continue;
1508 
1509     // Get active restriction type
1510     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_input_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
1511     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetType(elem_rstr, &rstr_type));
1512     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumComponents(elem_rstr, &num_comp_active));
1513     is_active_at_points = rstr_type == CEED_RESTRICTION_POINTS;
1514     if (!is_active_at_points) CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(elem_rstr, &elem_size_active));
1515   }
1516 
1517   // Get point coordinates
1518   if (!impl->point_coords_elem) {
1519     CeedVector          point_coords = NULL;
1520     CeedElemRestriction rstr_points  = NULL;
1521 
1522     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorAtPointsGetPoints(op, &rstr_points, &point_coords));
1523     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionCreateVector(rstr_points, NULL, &impl->point_coords_elem));
1524     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionApply(rstr_points, CEED_NOTRANSPOSE, point_coords, impl->point_coords_elem, request));
1525   }
1526 
1527   // Input basis apply if needed
1528   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorInputBasisAtPoints_Hip(num_elem, num_points, qf_input_fields, op_input_fields, num_input_fields, true, e_data, impl));
1529 
1530   // Output pointers, as necessary
1531   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
1532     CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
1533 
1534     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
1535     if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE) {
1536       // Set the output Q-Vector to use the E-Vector data directly.
1537       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayWrite(impl->e_vecs[i + impl->num_inputs], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &e_data[i + num_input_fields]));
1538       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetArray(impl->q_vecs_out[i], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, CEED_USE_POINTER, e_data[i + num_input_fields]));
1539     }
1540   }
1541 
1542   // Loop over active fields
1543   e_vec_size = (is_active_at_points ? max_num_points : elem_size_active) * num_comp_active;
1544   for (CeedInt s = 0; s < e_vec_size; s++) {
1545     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
1546       bool         is_active_input = false;
1547       CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
1548       CeedVector   vec;
1549       CeedBasis    basis;
1550 
1551       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_fields[i], &vec));
1552       // Skip non-active input
1553       is_active_input = vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE;
1554       if (!is_active_input) continue;
1555 
1556       // Update unit vector
1557       if (s == 0) CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValue(impl->e_vecs[i], 0.0));
1558       else CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValueStrided(impl->e_vecs[i], s - 1, e_vec_size, 0.0));
1559       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValueStrided(impl->e_vecs[i], s, e_vec_size, 1.0));
1560 
1561       // Basis action
1562       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_input_fields[i], &eval_mode));
1563       switch (eval_mode) {
1564         case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
1565           CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetArray(impl->q_vecs_in[i], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, CEED_USE_POINTER, e_data[i]));
1566           break;
1567         case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
1568         case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
1569         case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
1570         case CEED_EVAL_CURL:
1571           CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_input_fields[i], &basis));
1572           CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisApplyAtPoints(basis, num_elem, num_points, CEED_NOTRANSPOSE, eval_mode, impl->point_coords_elem, impl->e_vecs[i],
1573                                                  impl->q_vecs_in[i]));
1574           break;
1575         case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT:
1576           break;  // No action
1577       }
1578     }
1579 
1580     // Q function
1581     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionApply(qf, num_elem * max_num_points, impl->q_vecs_in, impl->q_vecs_out));
1582 
1583     // Output basis apply if needed
1584     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
1585       bool                is_active_output = false;
1586       CeedEvalMode        eval_mode;
1587       CeedVector          vec;
1588       CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
1589       CeedBasis           basis;
1590 
1591       // Get output vector
1592       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_output_fields[i], &vec));
1593       is_active_output = vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE;
1594       if (!is_active_output) continue;
1595 
1596       // Basis action
1597       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
1598       switch (eval_mode) {
1599         case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
1600           CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArray(impl->e_vecs[i + impl->num_inputs], &e_data[i + num_input_fields]));
1601           break;
1602         case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
1603         case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
1604         case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
1605         case CEED_EVAL_CURL:
1606           CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_output_fields[i], &basis));
1607           CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisApplyAtPoints(basis, num_elem, num_points, CEED_TRANSPOSE, eval_mode, impl->point_coords_elem, impl->q_vecs_out[i],
1608                                                  impl->e_vecs[i + impl->num_inputs]));
1609           break;
1610         // LCOV_EXCL_START
1611         case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT: {
1612           return CeedError(CeedOperatorReturnCeed(op), CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT cannot be an output evaluation mode");
1613           // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
1614         }
1615       }
1616 
1617       // Mask output e-vec
1618       {
1619         CeedInt  j = num_input_fields;
1620         CeedSize out_size;
1621 
1622         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetLength(impl->e_vecs[i + impl->num_inputs], &out_size));
1623         for (j = 0; j < num_input_fields; j++) {
1624           bool       is_active_input = false;
1625           CeedSize   in_size;
1626           CeedVector vec;
1627 
1628           // Skip non-active input
1629           CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_fields[j], &vec));
1630           is_active_input = vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE;
1631           if (!is_active_input) continue;
1632           CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetLength(impl->e_vecs[j], &in_size));
1633           if (in_size == out_size) break;
1634         }
1635         CeedCheck(j < num_input_fields, CeedOperatorReturnCeed(op), CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "Matching input field not found");
1636         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorPointwiseMult(impl->e_vecs[i + impl->num_inputs], impl->e_vecs[j], impl->e_vecs[i + impl->num_inputs]));
1637       }
1638 
1639       // Restrict
1640       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_output_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
1641       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionApply(elem_rstr, CEED_TRANSPOSE, impl->e_vecs[i + impl->num_inputs], assembled, request));
1642 
1643       // Reset q_vec for
1644       if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE) {
1645         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayWrite(impl->e_vecs[i + impl->num_inputs], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &e_data[i + num_input_fields]));
1646         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetArray(impl->q_vecs_out[i], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, CEED_USE_POINTER, e_data[i + num_input_fields]));
1647       }
1648     }
1649   }
1650 
1651   // Restore CEED_EVAL_NONE
1652   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
1653     CeedEvalMode        eval_mode;
1654     CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
1655 
1656     // Get eval_mode
1657     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_output_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
1658     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
1659 
1660     // Restore evec
1661     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
1662     if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE) {
1663       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArray(impl->e_vecs[i + impl->num_inputs], &e_data[i + num_input_fields]));
1664     }
1665   }
1666 
1667   // Restore input arrays
1668   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorRestoreInputs_Hip(num_input_fields, qf_input_fields, op_input_fields, true, e_data, impl));
1669   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
1670 }
1671 
1672 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1673 // Create operator
1674 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1675 int CeedOperatorCreate_Hip(CeedOperator op) {
1676   Ceed              ceed;
1677   CeedOperator_Hip *impl;
1678 
1679   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
1680   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(1, &impl));
1681   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetData(op, impl));
1682   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "LinearAssembleQFunction", CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunction_Hip));
1683   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "LinearAssembleQFunctionUpdate", CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionUpdate_Hip));
1684   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "LinearAssembleAddDiagonal", CeedOperatorLinearAssembleAddDiagonal_Hip));
1685   CeedCallBackend(
1686       CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "LinearAssembleAddPointBlockDiagonal", CeedOperatorLinearAssembleAddPointBlockDiagonal_Hip));
1687   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "LinearAssembleSingle", CeedSingleOperatorAssemble_Hip));
1688   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "ApplyAdd", CeedOperatorApplyAdd_Hip));
1689   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "Destroy", CeedOperatorDestroy_Hip));
1690   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
1691 }
1692 
1693 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1694 // Create operator AtPoints
1695 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1696 int CeedOperatorCreateAtPoints_Hip(CeedOperator op) {
1697   Ceed              ceed;
1698   CeedOperator_Hip *impl;
1699 
1700   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
1701   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(1, &impl));
1702   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetData(op, impl));
1703 
1704   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "LinearAssembleQFunction", CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionAtPoints_Hip));
1705   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "LinearAssembleAddDiagonal", CeedOperatorLinearAssembleAddDiagonalAtPoints_Hip));
1706   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "ApplyAdd", CeedOperatorApplyAddAtPoints_Hip));
1707   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "Destroy", CeedOperatorDestroy_Hip));
1708   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
1709 }
1710 
1711 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1712