xref: /libCEED/backends/hip-ref/ceed-hip-ref-operator.c (revision 9bc663991d6482bcb1d60b1f116148f11db83fa1)
1 // Copyright (c) 2017-2024, Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC and other CEED contributors.
2 // All Rights Reserved. See the top-level LICENSE and NOTICE files for details.
3 //
4 // SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
5 //
6 // This file is part of CEED:  http://github.com/ceed
7 
8 #include <ceed.h>
9 #include <ceed/backend.h>
10 #include <ceed/jit-tools.h>
11 #include <assert.h>
12 #include <stdbool.h>
13 #include <string.h>
14 #include <hip/hip_runtime.h>
15 
16 #include "../hip/ceed-hip-common.h"
17 #include "../hip/ceed-hip-compile.h"
18 #include "ceed-hip-ref.h"
19 
20 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
21 // Destroy operator
22 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
23 static int CeedOperatorDestroy_Hip(CeedOperator op) {
24   CeedOperator_Hip *impl;
25 
26   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
27 
28   // Apply data
29   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->num_points));
30   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->skip_rstr_in));
31   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->skip_rstr_out));
32   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->apply_add_basis_out));
33   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->input_field_order));
34   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->output_field_order));
35   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->input_states));
36 
37   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < impl->num_inputs; i++) {
38     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&impl->e_vecs_in[i]));
39     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&impl->q_vecs_in[i]));
40   }
41   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->e_vecs_in));
42   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->q_vecs_in));
43 
44   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < impl->num_outputs; i++) {
45     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&impl->e_vecs_out[i]));
46     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&impl->q_vecs_out[i]));
47   }
48   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->e_vecs_out));
49   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->q_vecs_out));
50   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&impl->point_coords_elem));
51 
52   // QFunction assembly data
53   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < impl->num_active_in; i++) {
54     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&impl->qf_active_in[i]));
55   }
56   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->qf_active_in));
57 
58   // Diag data
59   if (impl->diag) {
60     Ceed ceed;
61 
62     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
63     if (impl->diag->module) {
64       CeedCallHip(ceed, hipModuleUnload(impl->diag->module));
65     }
66     if (impl->diag->module_point_block) {
67       CeedCallHip(ceed, hipModuleUnload(impl->diag->module_point_block));
68     }
69     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_eval_modes_in));
70     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_eval_modes_out));
71     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_identity));
72     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_interp_in));
73     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_interp_out));
74     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_grad_in));
75     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_grad_out));
76     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_div_in));
77     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_div_out));
78     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_curl_in));
79     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_curl_out));
80     CeedCallBackend(CeedDestroy(&ceed));
81     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&impl->diag->elem_diag));
82     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&impl->diag->point_block_elem_diag));
83     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&impl->diag->diag_rstr));
84     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&impl->diag->point_block_diag_rstr));
85   }
86   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->diag));
87 
88   if (impl->asmb) {
89     Ceed ceed;
90 
91     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
92     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipModuleUnload(impl->asmb->module));
93     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->asmb->d_B_in));
94     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->asmb->d_B_out));
95     CeedCallBackend(CeedDestroy(&ceed));
96   }
97   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->asmb));
98 
99   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl));
100   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
101 }
102 
103 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
104 // Setup infields or outfields
105 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
106 static int CeedOperatorSetupFields_Hip(CeedQFunction qf, CeedOperator op, bool is_input, bool is_at_points, bool *skip_rstr, bool *apply_add_basis,
107                                        CeedVector *e_vecs, CeedVector *q_vecs, CeedInt num_fields, CeedInt Q, CeedInt num_elem) {
108   Ceed                ceed;
109   CeedQFunctionField *qf_fields;
110   CeedOperatorField  *op_fields;
111 
112   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
113   if (is_input) {
114     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, NULL, &op_fields, NULL, NULL));
115     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_fields, NULL, NULL));
116   } else {
117     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, NULL, NULL, NULL, &op_fields));
118     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, NULL, NULL, &qf_fields));
119   }
120 
121   // Loop over fields
122   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_fields; i++) {
123     bool                is_active = false, is_strided = false, skip_e_vec = false;
124     CeedSize            q_size;
125     CeedInt             size;
126     CeedEvalMode        eval_mode;
127     CeedVector          l_vec;
128     CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
129 
130     // Check whether this field can skip the element restriction:
131     // Input CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE
132     // Output CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE without CEED_EVAL_NONE
133     // Input CEED_VECTOR_NONE with CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT
134     // Input passive vectorr with CEED_EVAL_NONE and strided restriction with CEED_STRIDES_BACKEND
135     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_fields[i], &l_vec));
136     is_active = l_vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE;
137     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&l_vec));
138     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
139     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_fields[i], &eval_mode));
140     skip_e_vec = (is_input && is_active) || (is_active && eval_mode != CEED_EVAL_NONE) || (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT);
141     if (!skip_e_vec && is_input && !is_active && eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE) {
142       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionIsStrided(elem_rstr, &is_strided));
143       if (is_strided) CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionHasBackendStrides(elem_rstr, &skip_e_vec));
144     }
145     if (skip_e_vec) {
146       e_vecs[i] = NULL;
147     } else {
148       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionCreateVector(elem_rstr, NULL, &e_vecs[i]));
149     }
150     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&elem_rstr));
151 
152     switch (eval_mode) {
153       case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
154       case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
155       case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
156       case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
157       case CEED_EVAL_CURL:
158         CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetSize(qf_fields[i], &size));
159         q_size = (CeedSize)num_elem * (CeedSize)Q * (CeedSize)size;
160         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorCreate(ceed, q_size, &q_vecs[i]));
161         break;
162       case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT: {
163         CeedBasis basis;
164 
165         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_fields[i], &basis));
166         q_size = (CeedSize)num_elem * (CeedSize)Q;
167         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorCreate(ceed, q_size, &q_vecs[i]));
168         if (is_at_points) {
169           CeedInt num_points[num_elem];
170 
171           for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_elem; i++) num_points[i] = Q;
172           CeedCallBackend(
173               CeedBasisApplyAtPoints(basis, num_elem, num_points, CEED_NOTRANSPOSE, CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT, CEED_VECTOR_NONE, CEED_VECTOR_NONE, q_vecs[i]));
174         } else {
175           CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisApply(basis, num_elem, CEED_NOTRANSPOSE, CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT, CEED_VECTOR_NONE, q_vecs[i]));
176         }
177         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis));
178         break;
179       }
180     }
181   }
182   // Drop duplicate restrictions
183   if (is_input) {
184     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_fields; i++) {
185       CeedVector          vec_i;
186       CeedElemRestriction rstr_i;
187 
188       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_fields[i], &vec_i));
189       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_fields[i], &rstr_i));
190       for (CeedInt j = i + 1; j < num_fields; j++) {
191         CeedVector          vec_j;
192         CeedElemRestriction rstr_j;
193 
194         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_fields[j], &vec_j));
195         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_fields[j], &rstr_j));
196         if (vec_i == vec_j && rstr_i == rstr_j) {
197           if (e_vecs[i]) CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorReferenceCopy(e_vecs[i], &e_vecs[j]));
198           skip_rstr[j] = true;
199         }
200         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec_j));
201         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_j));
202       }
203       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec_i));
204       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_i));
205     }
206   } else {
207     for (CeedInt i = num_fields - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
208       CeedVector          vec_i;
209       CeedElemRestriction rstr_i;
210 
211       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_fields[i], &vec_i));
212       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_fields[i], &rstr_i));
213       for (CeedInt j = i - 1; j >= 0; j--) {
214         CeedVector          vec_j;
215         CeedElemRestriction rstr_j;
216 
217         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_fields[j], &vec_j));
218         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_fields[j], &rstr_j));
219         if (vec_i == vec_j && rstr_i == rstr_j) {
220           if (e_vecs[i]) CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorReferenceCopy(e_vecs[i], &e_vecs[j]));
221           skip_rstr[j]       = true;
222           apply_add_basis[i] = true;
223         }
224         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec_j));
225         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_j));
226       }
227       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec_i));
228       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_i));
229     }
230   }
231   CeedCallBackend(CeedDestroy(&ceed));
232   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
233 }
234 
235 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
236 // CeedOperator needs to connect all the named fields (be they active or passive) to the named inputs and outputs of its CeedQFunction.
237 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
238 static int CeedOperatorSetup_Hip(CeedOperator op) {
239   bool                is_setup_done;
240   CeedInt             Q, num_elem, num_input_fields, num_output_fields;
241   CeedQFunctionField *qf_input_fields, *qf_output_fields;
242   CeedQFunction       qf;
243   CeedOperatorField  *op_input_fields, *op_output_fields;
244   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
245 
246   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorIsSetupDone(op, &is_setup_done));
247   if (is_setup_done) return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
248 
249   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
250   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
251   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumQuadraturePoints(op, &Q));
252   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumElements(op, &num_elem));
253   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, &num_input_fields, &op_input_fields, &num_output_fields, &op_output_fields));
254   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_input_fields, NULL, &qf_output_fields));
255 
256   // Allocate
257   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_input_fields, &impl->e_vecs_in));
258   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_output_fields, &impl->e_vecs_out));
259   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_input_fields, &impl->skip_rstr_in));
260   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_output_fields, &impl->skip_rstr_out));
261   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_output_fields, &impl->apply_add_basis_out));
262   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_input_fields, &impl->input_field_order));
263   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_output_fields, &impl->output_field_order));
264   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_input_fields, &impl->input_states));
265   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_input_fields, &impl->q_vecs_in));
266   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_output_fields, &impl->q_vecs_out));
267   impl->num_inputs  = num_input_fields;
268   impl->num_outputs = num_output_fields;
269 
270   // Set up infield and outfield e-vecs and q-vecs
271   CeedCallBackend(
272       CeedOperatorSetupFields_Hip(qf, op, true, false, impl->skip_rstr_in, NULL, impl->e_vecs_in, impl->q_vecs_in, num_input_fields, Q, num_elem));
273   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetupFields_Hip(qf, op, false, false, impl->skip_rstr_out, impl->apply_add_basis_out, impl->e_vecs_out,
274                                               impl->q_vecs_out, num_output_fields, Q, num_elem));
275 
276   // Reorder fields to allow reuse of buffers
277   impl->max_active_e_vec_len = 0;
278   {
279     bool    is_ordered[CEED_FIELD_MAX];
280     CeedInt curr_index = 0;
281 
282     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) is_ordered[i] = false;
283     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
284       CeedSize            e_vec_len_i;
285       CeedVector          vec_i;
286       CeedElemRestriction rstr_i;
287 
288       if (is_ordered[i]) continue;
289       is_ordered[i]                       = true;
290       impl->input_field_order[curr_index] = i;
291       curr_index++;
292       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_fields[i], &vec_i));
293       if (vec_i == CEED_VECTOR_NONE) {
294         // CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT
295         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec_i));
296         continue;
297       };
298       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_input_fields[i], &rstr_i));
299       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetEVectorSize(rstr_i, &e_vec_len_i));
300       impl->max_active_e_vec_len = e_vec_len_i > impl->max_active_e_vec_len ? e_vec_len_i : impl->max_active_e_vec_len;
301       for (CeedInt j = i + 1; j < num_input_fields; j++) {
302         CeedVector          vec_j;
303         CeedElemRestriction rstr_j;
304 
305         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_fields[j], &vec_j));
306         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_input_fields[j], &rstr_j));
307         if (rstr_i == rstr_j && vec_i == vec_j) {
308           is_ordered[j]                       = true;
309           impl->input_field_order[curr_index] = j;
310           curr_index++;
311         }
312         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec_j));
313         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_j));
314       }
315       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec_i));
316       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_i));
317     }
318   }
319   {
320     bool    is_ordered[CEED_FIELD_MAX];
321     CeedInt curr_index = 0;
322 
323     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) is_ordered[i] = false;
324     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
325       CeedSize            e_vec_len_i;
326       CeedVector          vec_i;
327       CeedElemRestriction rstr_i;
328 
329       if (is_ordered[i]) continue;
330       is_ordered[i]                        = true;
331       impl->output_field_order[curr_index] = i;
332       curr_index++;
333       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_output_fields[i], &vec_i));
334       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_output_fields[i], &rstr_i));
335       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetEVectorSize(rstr_i, &e_vec_len_i));
336       impl->max_active_e_vec_len = e_vec_len_i > impl->max_active_e_vec_len ? e_vec_len_i : impl->max_active_e_vec_len;
337       for (CeedInt j = i + 1; j < num_output_fields; j++) {
338         CeedVector          vec_j;
339         CeedElemRestriction rstr_j;
340 
341         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_output_fields[j], &vec_j));
342         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_output_fields[j], &rstr_j));
343         if (rstr_i == rstr_j && vec_i == vec_j) {
344           is_ordered[j]                        = true;
345           impl->output_field_order[curr_index] = j;
346           curr_index++;
347         }
348         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec_j));
349         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_j));
350       }
351       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec_i));
352       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_i));
353     }
354   }
355   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetSetupDone(op));
356   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
357 }
358 
359 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
360 // Restrict Operator Inputs
361 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
362 static inline int CeedOperatorInputRestrict_Hip(CeedOperatorField op_input_field, CeedQFunctionField qf_input_field, CeedInt input_field,
363                                                 CeedVector in_vec, CeedVector active_e_vec, const bool skip_active, CeedOperator_Hip *impl,
364                                                 CeedRequest *request) {
365   bool       is_active = false;
366   CeedVector l_vec, e_vec = impl->e_vecs_in[input_field];
367 
368   // Get input vector
369   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_field, &l_vec));
370   is_active = l_vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE;
371   if (is_active && skip_active) return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
372   if (is_active) {
373     l_vec = in_vec;
374     if (!e_vec) e_vec = active_e_vec;
375   }
376 
377   // Restriction action
378   if (e_vec) {
379     // Restrict, if necessary
380     if (!impl->skip_rstr_in[input_field]) {
381       uint64_t state;
382 
383       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetState(l_vec, &state));
384       if (is_active || state != impl->input_states[input_field]) {
385         CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
386 
387         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_input_field, &elem_rstr));
388         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionApply(elem_rstr, CEED_NOTRANSPOSE, l_vec, e_vec, request));
389         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&elem_rstr));
390       }
391       impl->input_states[input_field] = state;
392     }
393   }
394   if (!is_active) CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&l_vec));
395   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
396 }
397 
398 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
399 // Input Basis Action
400 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
401 static inline int CeedOperatorInputBasis_Hip(CeedOperatorField op_input_field, CeedQFunctionField qf_input_field, CeedInt input_field,
402                                              CeedVector in_vec, CeedVector active_e_vec, CeedInt num_elem, const bool skip_active,
403                                              CeedOperator_Hip *impl) {
404   bool         is_active = false;
405   CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
406   CeedVector   l_vec, e_vec = impl->e_vecs_in[input_field], q_vec = impl->q_vecs_in[input_field];
407 
408   // Skip active input
409   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_field, &l_vec));
410   is_active = l_vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE;
411   if (is_active && skip_active) return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
412   if (is_active) {
413     l_vec = in_vec;
414     if (!e_vec) e_vec = active_e_vec;
415   }
416 
417   // Basis action
418   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_input_field, &eval_mode));
419   switch (eval_mode) {
420     case CEED_EVAL_NONE: {
421       const CeedScalar *e_vec_array;
422 
423       if (e_vec) {
424         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayRead(e_vec, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &e_vec_array));
425       } else {
426         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayRead(l_vec, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &e_vec_array));
427       }
428       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetArray(q_vec, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, CEED_USE_POINTER, (CeedScalar *)e_vec_array));
429       break;
430     }
431     case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
432     case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
433     case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
434     case CEED_EVAL_CURL: {
435       CeedBasis basis;
436 
437       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_input_field, &basis));
438       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisApply(basis, num_elem, CEED_NOTRANSPOSE, eval_mode, e_vec, q_vec));
439       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis));
440       break;
441     }
442     case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT:
443       break;  // No action
444   }
445   if (!is_active) CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&l_vec));
446   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
447 }
448 
449 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
450 // Restore Input Vectors
451 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
452 static inline int CeedOperatorInputRestore_Hip(CeedOperatorField op_input_field, CeedQFunctionField qf_input_field, CeedInt input_field,
453                                                CeedVector in_vec, CeedVector active_e_vec, const bool skip_active, CeedOperator_Hip *impl) {
454   bool         is_active = false;
455   CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
456   CeedVector   l_vec, e_vec = impl->e_vecs_in[input_field];
457 
458   // Skip active input
459   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_field, &l_vec));
460   is_active = l_vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE;
461   if (is_active && skip_active) return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
462   if (is_active) {
463     l_vec = in_vec;
464     if (!e_vec) e_vec = active_e_vec;
465   }
466 
467   // Restore e-vec
468   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_input_field, &eval_mode));
469   if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE) {
470     const CeedScalar *e_vec_array;
471 
472     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorTakeArray(impl->q_vecs_in[input_field], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, (CeedScalar **)&e_vec_array));
473     if (e_vec) {
474       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArrayRead(e_vec, &e_vec_array));
475     } else {
476       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArrayRead(l_vec, &e_vec_array));
477     }
478   }
479   if (!is_active) CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&l_vec));
480   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
481 }
482 
483 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
484 // Apply and add to output
485 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
486 static int CeedOperatorApplyAdd_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedVector in_vec, CeedVector out_vec, CeedRequest *request) {
487   CeedInt             Q, num_elem, num_input_fields, num_output_fields;
488   Ceed                ceed;
489   CeedVector          active_e_vec;
490   CeedQFunctionField *qf_input_fields, *qf_output_fields;
491   CeedQFunction       qf;
492   CeedOperatorField  *op_input_fields, *op_output_fields;
493   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
494 
495   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
496   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
497   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
498   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumQuadraturePoints(op, &Q));
499   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumElements(op, &num_elem));
500   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, &num_input_fields, &op_input_fields, &num_output_fields, &op_output_fields));
501   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_input_fields, NULL, &qf_output_fields));
502 
503   // Setup
504   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetup_Hip(op));
505 
506   // Work vector
507   CeedCallBackend(CeedGetWorkVector(ceed, impl->max_active_e_vec_len, &active_e_vec));
508 
509   // Process inputs
510   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
511     CeedInt field = impl->input_field_order[i];
512 
513     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorInputRestrict_Hip(op_input_fields[field], qf_input_fields[field], field, in_vec, active_e_vec, false, impl, request));
514     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorInputBasis_Hip(op_input_fields[field], qf_input_fields[field], field, in_vec, active_e_vec, num_elem, false, impl));
515   }
516 
517   // Output pointers, as necessary
518   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
519     CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
520 
521     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
522     if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE) {
523       CeedScalar *e_vec_array;
524 
525       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayWrite(impl->e_vecs_out[i], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &e_vec_array));
526       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetArray(impl->q_vecs_out[i], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, CEED_USE_POINTER, e_vec_array));
527     }
528   }
529 
530   // Q function
531   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionApply(qf, num_elem * Q, impl->q_vecs_in, impl->q_vecs_out));
532 
533   // Restore input arrays
534   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
535     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorInputRestore_Hip(op_input_fields[i], qf_input_fields[i], i, in_vec, active_e_vec, false, impl));
536   }
537 
538   // Output basis and restriction
539   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
540     bool         is_active = false;
541     CeedInt      field     = impl->output_field_order[i];
542     CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
543     CeedVector   l_vec, e_vec = impl->e_vecs_out[field], q_vec = impl->q_vecs_out[field];
544 
545     // Output vector
546     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_output_fields[field], &l_vec));
547     is_active = l_vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE;
548     if (is_active) {
549       l_vec = out_vec;
550       if (!e_vec) e_vec = active_e_vec;
551     }
552 
553     // Basis action
554     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[field], &eval_mode));
555     switch (eval_mode) {
556       case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
557         break;  // No action
558       case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
559       case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
560       case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
561       case CEED_EVAL_CURL: {
562         CeedBasis basis;
563 
564         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_output_fields[field], &basis));
565         if (impl->apply_add_basis_out[field]) {
566           CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisApplyAdd(basis, num_elem, CEED_TRANSPOSE, eval_mode, q_vec, e_vec));
567         } else {
568           CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisApply(basis, num_elem, CEED_TRANSPOSE, eval_mode, q_vec, e_vec));
569         }
570         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis));
571         break;
572       }
573       // LCOV_EXCL_START
574       case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT: {
575         return CeedError(ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT cannot be an output evaluation mode");
576         // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
577       }
578     }
579 
580     // Restore evec
581     if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE) {
582       CeedScalar *e_vec_array;
583 
584       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorTakeArray(impl->q_vecs_out[i], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &e_vec_array));
585       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArray(e_vec, &e_vec_array));
586     }
587 
588     // Restrict
589     if (!impl->skip_rstr_out[field]) {
590       CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
591 
592       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_output_fields[field], &elem_rstr));
593       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionApply(elem_rstr, CEED_TRANSPOSE, e_vec, l_vec, request));
594       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&elem_rstr));
595     }
596     if (!is_active) CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&l_vec));
597   }
598 
599   // Return work vector
600   CeedCallBackend(CeedRestoreWorkVector(ceed, &active_e_vec));
601   CeedCallBackend(CeedDestroy(&ceed));
602   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
603 }
604 
605 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
606 // CeedOperator needs to connect all the named fields (be they active or passive) to the named inputs and outputs of its CeedQFunction.
607 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
608 static int CeedOperatorSetupAtPoints_Hip(CeedOperator op) {
609   bool                is_setup_done;
610   CeedInt             max_num_points = -1, num_elem, num_input_fields, num_output_fields;
611   CeedQFunctionField *qf_input_fields, *qf_output_fields;
612   CeedQFunction       qf;
613   CeedOperatorField  *op_input_fields, *op_output_fields;
614   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
615 
616   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorIsSetupDone(op, &is_setup_done));
617   if (is_setup_done) return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
618 
619   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
620   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
621   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumElements(op, &num_elem));
622   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, &num_input_fields, &op_input_fields, &num_output_fields, &op_output_fields));
623   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_input_fields, NULL, &qf_output_fields));
624   {
625     CeedElemRestriction rstr_points = NULL;
626 
627     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorAtPointsGetPoints(op, &rstr_points, NULL));
628     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetMaxPointsInElement(rstr_points, &max_num_points));
629     CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_elem, &impl->num_points));
630     for (CeedInt e = 0; e < num_elem; e++) {
631       CeedInt num_points_elem;
632 
633       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumPointsInElement(rstr_points, e, &num_points_elem));
634       impl->num_points[e] = num_points_elem;
635     }
636     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_points));
637   }
638   impl->max_num_points = max_num_points;
639 
640   // Allocate
641   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_input_fields, &impl->e_vecs_in));
642   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_output_fields, &impl->e_vecs_out));
643   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_input_fields, &impl->skip_rstr_in));
644   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_output_fields, &impl->skip_rstr_out));
645   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_output_fields, &impl->apply_add_basis_out));
646   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_input_fields, &impl->input_field_order));
647   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_output_fields, &impl->output_field_order));
648   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_input_fields, &impl->input_states));
649   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_input_fields, &impl->q_vecs_in));
650   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_output_fields, &impl->q_vecs_out));
651   impl->num_inputs  = num_input_fields;
652   impl->num_outputs = num_output_fields;
653 
654   // Set up infield and outfield e-vecs and q-vecs
655   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetupFields_Hip(qf, op, true, true, impl->skip_rstr_in, NULL, impl->e_vecs_in, impl->q_vecs_in, num_input_fields,
656                                               max_num_points, num_elem));
657   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetupFields_Hip(qf, op, false, true, impl->skip_rstr_out, impl->apply_add_basis_out, impl->e_vecs_out, impl->q_vecs_out,
658                                               num_output_fields, max_num_points, num_elem));
659 
660   // Reorder fields to allow reuse of buffers
661   impl->max_active_e_vec_len = 0;
662   {
663     bool    is_ordered[CEED_FIELD_MAX];
664     CeedInt curr_index = 0;
665 
666     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) is_ordered[i] = false;
667     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
668       CeedSize            e_vec_len_i;
669       CeedVector          vec_i;
670       CeedElemRestriction rstr_i;
671 
672       if (is_ordered[i]) continue;
673       is_ordered[i]                       = true;
674       impl->input_field_order[curr_index] = i;
675       curr_index++;
676       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_fields[i], &vec_i));
677       if (vec_i == CEED_VECTOR_NONE) {
678         // CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT
679         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec_i));
680         continue;
681       };
682       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_input_fields[i], &rstr_i));
683       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetEVectorSize(rstr_i, &e_vec_len_i));
684       impl->max_active_e_vec_len = e_vec_len_i > impl->max_active_e_vec_len ? e_vec_len_i : impl->max_active_e_vec_len;
685       for (CeedInt j = i + 1; j < num_input_fields; j++) {
686         CeedVector          vec_j;
687         CeedElemRestriction rstr_j;
688 
689         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_fields[j], &vec_j));
690         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_input_fields[j], &rstr_j));
691         if (rstr_i == rstr_j && vec_i == vec_j) {
692           is_ordered[j]                       = true;
693           impl->input_field_order[curr_index] = j;
694           curr_index++;
695         }
696         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec_j));
697         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_j));
698       }
699       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec_i));
700       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_i));
701     }
702   }
703   {
704     bool    is_ordered[CEED_FIELD_MAX];
705     CeedInt curr_index = 0;
706 
707     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) is_ordered[i] = false;
708     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
709       CeedSize            e_vec_len_i;
710       CeedVector          vec_i;
711       CeedElemRestriction rstr_i;
712 
713       if (is_ordered[i]) continue;
714       is_ordered[i]                        = true;
715       impl->output_field_order[curr_index] = i;
716       curr_index++;
717       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_output_fields[i], &vec_i));
718       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_output_fields[i], &rstr_i));
719       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetEVectorSize(rstr_i, &e_vec_len_i));
720       impl->max_active_e_vec_len = e_vec_len_i > impl->max_active_e_vec_len ? e_vec_len_i : impl->max_active_e_vec_len;
721       for (CeedInt j = i + 1; j < num_output_fields; j++) {
722         CeedVector          vec_j;
723         CeedElemRestriction rstr_j;
724 
725         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_output_fields[j], &vec_j));
726         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_output_fields[j], &rstr_j));
727         if (rstr_i == rstr_j && vec_i == vec_j) {
728           is_ordered[j]                        = true;
729           impl->output_field_order[curr_index] = j;
730           curr_index++;
731         }
732         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec_j));
733         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_j));
734       }
735       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec_i));
736       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_i));
737     }
738   }
739   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetSetupDone(op));
740   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
741 }
742 
743 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
744 // Input Basis Action AtPoints
745 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
746 static inline int CeedOperatorInputBasisAtPoints_Hip(CeedOperatorField op_input_field, CeedQFunctionField qf_input_field, CeedInt input_field,
747                                                      CeedVector in_vec, CeedVector active_e_vec, CeedInt num_elem, const CeedInt *num_points,
748                                                      const bool skip_active, CeedOperator_Hip *impl) {
749   bool         is_active = false;
750   CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
751   CeedVector   l_vec, e_vec = impl->e_vecs_in[input_field], q_vec = impl->q_vecs_in[input_field];
752 
753   // Skip active input
754   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_field, &l_vec));
755   is_active = l_vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE;
756   if (is_active && skip_active) return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
757   if (is_active) {
758     l_vec = in_vec;
759     if (!e_vec) e_vec = active_e_vec;
760   }
761 
762   // Basis action
763   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_input_field, &eval_mode));
764   switch (eval_mode) {
765     case CEED_EVAL_NONE: {
766       const CeedScalar *e_vec_array;
767 
768       if (e_vec) {
769         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayRead(e_vec, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &e_vec_array));
770       } else {
771         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayRead(l_vec, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &e_vec_array));
772       }
773       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetArray(q_vec, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, CEED_USE_POINTER, (CeedScalar *)e_vec_array));
774       break;
775     }
776     case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
777     case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
778     case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
779     case CEED_EVAL_CURL: {
780       CeedBasis basis;
781 
782       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_input_field, &basis));
783       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisApplyAtPoints(basis, num_elem, num_points, CEED_NOTRANSPOSE, eval_mode, impl->point_coords_elem, e_vec, q_vec));
784       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis));
785       break;
786     }
787     case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT:
788       break;  // No action
789   }
790   if (!is_active) CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&l_vec));
791   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
792 }
793 
794 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
795 // Apply and add to output AtPoints
796 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
797 static int CeedOperatorApplyAddAtPoints_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedVector in_vec, CeedVector out_vec, CeedRequest *request) {
798   CeedInt             max_num_points, *num_points, num_elem, num_input_fields, num_output_fields;
799   Ceed                ceed;
800   CeedVector          active_e_vec;
801   CeedQFunctionField *qf_input_fields, *qf_output_fields;
802   CeedQFunction       qf;
803   CeedOperatorField  *op_input_fields, *op_output_fields;
804   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
805 
806   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
807   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
808   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
809   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumElements(op, &num_elem));
810   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, &num_input_fields, &op_input_fields, &num_output_fields, &op_output_fields));
811   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_input_fields, NULL, &qf_output_fields));
812 
813   // Setup
814   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetupAtPoints_Hip(op));
815   num_points     = impl->num_points;
816   max_num_points = impl->max_num_points;
817 
818   // Work vector
819   CeedCallBackend(CeedGetWorkVector(ceed, impl->max_active_e_vec_len, &active_e_vec));
820 
821   // Get point coordinates
822   if (!impl->point_coords_elem) {
823     CeedVector          point_coords = NULL;
824     CeedElemRestriction rstr_points  = NULL;
825 
826     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorAtPointsGetPoints(op, &rstr_points, &point_coords));
827     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionCreateVector(rstr_points, NULL, &impl->point_coords_elem));
828     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionApply(rstr_points, CEED_NOTRANSPOSE, point_coords, impl->point_coords_elem, request));
829     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&point_coords));
830     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_points));
831   }
832 
833   // Process inputs
834   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
835     CeedInt field = impl->input_field_order[i];
836 
837     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorInputRestrict_Hip(op_input_fields[field], qf_input_fields[field], field, in_vec, active_e_vec, false, impl, request));
838     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorInputBasisAtPoints_Hip(op_input_fields[field], qf_input_fields[field], field, in_vec, active_e_vec, num_elem,
839                                                        num_points, false, impl));
840   }
841 
842   // Output pointers, as necessary
843   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
844     CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
845 
846     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
847     if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE) {
848       CeedScalar *e_vec_array;
849 
850       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayWrite(impl->e_vecs_out[i], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &e_vec_array));
851       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetArray(impl->q_vecs_out[i], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, CEED_USE_POINTER, e_vec_array));
852     }
853   }
854 
855   // Q function
856   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionApply(qf, num_elem * max_num_points, impl->q_vecs_in, impl->q_vecs_out));
857 
858   // Restore input arrays
859   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
860     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorInputRestore_Hip(op_input_fields[i], qf_input_fields[i], i, in_vec, active_e_vec, false, impl));
861   }
862 
863   // Output basis and restriction
864   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
865     bool         is_active = false;
866     CeedInt      field     = impl->output_field_order[i];
867     CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
868     CeedVector   l_vec, e_vec = impl->e_vecs_out[field], q_vec = impl->q_vecs_out[field];
869 
870     // Output vector
871     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_output_fields[field], &l_vec));
872     is_active = l_vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE;
873     if (is_active) {
874       l_vec = out_vec;
875       if (!e_vec) e_vec = active_e_vec;
876     }
877 
878     // Basis action
879     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[field], &eval_mode));
880     switch (eval_mode) {
881       case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
882         break;  // No action
883       case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
884       case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
885       case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
886       case CEED_EVAL_CURL: {
887         CeedBasis basis;
888 
889         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_output_fields[field], &basis));
890         if (impl->apply_add_basis_out[field]) {
891           CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisApplyAddAtPoints(basis, num_elem, num_points, CEED_TRANSPOSE, eval_mode, impl->point_coords_elem, q_vec, e_vec));
892         } else {
893           CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisApplyAtPoints(basis, num_elem, num_points, CEED_TRANSPOSE, eval_mode, impl->point_coords_elem, q_vec, e_vec));
894         }
895         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis));
896         break;
897       }
898       // LCOV_EXCL_START
899       case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT: {
900         return CeedError(ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT cannot be an output evaluation mode");
901         // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
902       }
903     }
904 
905     // Restore evec
906     if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE) {
907       CeedScalar *e_vec_array;
908 
909       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorTakeArray(impl->q_vecs_out[i], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &e_vec_array));
910       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArray(e_vec, &e_vec_array));
911     }
912 
913     // Restrict
914     if (!impl->skip_rstr_out[field]) {
915       CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
916 
917       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_output_fields[field], &elem_rstr));
918       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionApply(elem_rstr, CEED_TRANSPOSE, e_vec, l_vec, request));
919       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&elem_rstr));
920     }
921     if (!is_active) CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&l_vec));
922   }
923 
924   // Restore work vector
925   CeedCallBackend(CeedRestoreWorkVector(ceed, &active_e_vec));
926   CeedCallBackend(CeedDestroy(&ceed));
927   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
928 }
929 
930 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
931 // Linear QFunction Assembly Core
932 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
933 static inline int CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionCore_Hip(CeedOperator op, bool build_objects, CeedVector *assembled, CeedElemRestriction *rstr,
934                                                               CeedRequest *request) {
935   Ceed                ceed, ceed_parent;
936   CeedInt             num_active_in, num_active_out, Q, num_elem, num_input_fields, num_output_fields, size;
937   CeedScalar         *assembled_array;
938   CeedVector         *active_inputs;
939   CeedQFunctionField *qf_input_fields, *qf_output_fields;
940   CeedQFunction       qf;
941   CeedOperatorField  *op_input_fields, *op_output_fields;
942   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
943 
944   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
945   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFallbackParentCeed(op, &ceed_parent));
946   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
947   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumQuadraturePoints(op, &Q));
948   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumElements(op, &num_elem));
949   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
950   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_input_fields, NULL, &qf_output_fields));
951   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, &num_input_fields, &op_input_fields, &num_output_fields, &op_output_fields));
952   active_inputs = impl->qf_active_in;
953   num_active_in = impl->num_active_in, num_active_out = impl->num_active_out;
954 
955   // Setup
956   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetup_Hip(op));
957 
958   // Process inputs
959   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
960     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorInputRestrict_Hip(op_input_fields[i], qf_input_fields[i], i, NULL, NULL, true, impl, request));
961     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorInputBasis_Hip(op_input_fields[i], qf_input_fields[i], i, NULL, NULL, num_elem, true, impl));
962   }
963 
964   // Count number of active input fields
965   if (!num_active_in) {
966     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
967       CeedScalar *q_vec_array;
968       CeedVector  l_vec;
969 
970       // Check if active input
971       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_fields[i], &l_vec));
972       if (l_vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
973         CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetSize(qf_input_fields[i], &size));
974         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValue(impl->q_vecs_in[i], 0.0));
975         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArray(impl->q_vecs_in[i], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &q_vec_array));
976         CeedCallBackend(CeedRealloc(num_active_in + size, &active_inputs));
977         for (CeedInt field = 0; field < size; field++) {
978           CeedSize q_size = (CeedSize)Q * num_elem;
979 
980           CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorCreate(ceed, q_size, &active_inputs[num_active_in + field]));
981           CeedCallBackend(
982               CeedVectorSetArray(active_inputs[num_active_in + field], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, CEED_USE_POINTER, &q_vec_array[field * Q * num_elem]));
983         }
984         num_active_in += size;
985         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArray(impl->q_vecs_in[i], &q_vec_array));
986       }
987       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&l_vec));
988     }
989     impl->num_active_in = num_active_in;
990     impl->qf_active_in  = active_inputs;
991   }
992 
993   // Count number of active output fields
994   if (!num_active_out) {
995     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
996       CeedVector l_vec;
997 
998       // Check if active output
999       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_output_fields[i], &l_vec));
1000       if (l_vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
1001         CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetSize(qf_output_fields[i], &size));
1002         num_active_out += size;
1003       }
1004       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&l_vec));
1005     }
1006     impl->num_active_out = num_active_out;
1007   }
1008 
1009   // Check sizes
1010   CeedCheck(num_active_in > 0 && num_active_out > 0, ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "Cannot assemble QFunction without active inputs and outputs");
1011 
1012   // Build objects if needed
1013   if (build_objects) {
1014     CeedSize l_size     = (CeedSize)num_elem * Q * num_active_in * num_active_out;
1015     CeedInt  strides[3] = {1, num_elem * Q, Q}; /* *NOPAD* */
1016 
1017     // Create output restriction
1018     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionCreateStrided(ceed_parent, num_elem, Q, num_active_in * num_active_out,
1019                                                      (CeedSize)num_active_in * (CeedSize)num_active_out * (CeedSize)num_elem * (CeedSize)Q, strides,
1020                                                      rstr));
1021     // Create assembled vector
1022     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorCreate(ceed_parent, l_size, assembled));
1023   }
1024   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValue(*assembled, 0.0));
1025   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArray(*assembled, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &assembled_array));
1026 
1027   // Assemble QFunction
1028   for (CeedInt in = 0; in < num_active_in; in++) {
1029     // Set Inputs
1030     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValue(active_inputs[in], 1.0));
1031     if (num_active_in > 1) {
1032       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValue(active_inputs[(in + num_active_in - 1) % num_active_in], 0.0));
1033     }
1034     // Set Outputs
1035     for (CeedInt out = 0; out < num_output_fields; out++) {
1036       CeedVector l_vec;
1037 
1038       // Check if active output
1039       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_output_fields[out], &l_vec));
1040       if (l_vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
1041         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetArray(impl->q_vecs_out[out], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, CEED_USE_POINTER, assembled_array));
1042         CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetSize(qf_output_fields[out], &size));
1043         assembled_array += size * Q * num_elem;  // Advance the pointer by the size of the output
1044       }
1045       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&l_vec));
1046     }
1047     // Apply QFunction
1048     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionApply(qf, Q * num_elem, impl->q_vecs_in, impl->q_vecs_out));
1049   }
1050 
1051   // Un-set output q-vecs to prevent accidental overwrite of Assembled
1052   for (CeedInt out = 0; out < num_output_fields; out++) {
1053     CeedVector l_vec;
1054 
1055     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_output_fields[out], &l_vec));
1056     if (l_vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
1057       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorTakeArray(impl->q_vecs_out[out], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, NULL));
1058     }
1059     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&l_vec));
1060   }
1061 
1062   // Restore input arrays
1063   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
1064     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorInputRestore_Hip(op_input_fields[i], qf_input_fields[i], i, NULL, NULL, true, impl));
1065   }
1066 
1067   // Restore output
1068   CeedCallBackend(CeedDestroy(&ceed));
1069   CeedCallBackend(CeedDestroy(&ceed_parent));
1070   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArray(*assembled, &assembled_array));
1071   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
1072 }
1073 
1074 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1075 // Assemble Linear QFunction
1076 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1077 static int CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunction_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedVector *assembled, CeedElemRestriction *rstr, CeedRequest *request) {
1078   return CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionCore_Hip(op, true, assembled, rstr, request);
1079 }
1080 
1081 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1082 // Update Assembled Linear QFunction
1083 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1084 static int CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionUpdate_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedVector assembled, CeedElemRestriction rstr, CeedRequest *request) {
1085   return CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionCore_Hip(op, false, &assembled, &rstr, request);
1086 }
1087 
1088 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1089 // Assemble Diagonal Setup
1090 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1091 static inline int CeedOperatorAssembleDiagonalSetup_Hip(CeedOperator op) {
1092   Ceed                ceed;
1093   CeedInt             num_input_fields, num_output_fields, num_eval_modes_in = 0, num_eval_modes_out = 0;
1094   CeedInt             q_comp, num_nodes, num_qpts;
1095   CeedEvalMode       *eval_modes_in = NULL, *eval_modes_out = NULL;
1096   CeedBasis           basis_in = NULL, basis_out = NULL;
1097   CeedQFunctionField *qf_fields;
1098   CeedQFunction       qf;
1099   CeedOperatorField  *op_fields;
1100   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
1101 
1102   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
1103   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
1104   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetNumArgs(qf, &num_input_fields, &num_output_fields));
1105 
1106   // Determine active input basis
1107   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, NULL, &op_fields, NULL, NULL));
1108   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_fields, NULL, NULL));
1109   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
1110     CeedVector vec;
1111 
1112     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_fields[i], &vec));
1113     if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
1114       CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
1115       CeedBasis    basis;
1116 
1117       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_fields[i], &basis));
1118       CeedCheck(!basis_in || basis_in == basis, ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND,
1119                 "Backend does not implement operator diagonal assembly with multiple active bases");
1120       if (!basis_in) CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisReferenceCopy(basis, &basis_in));
1121       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis));
1122       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_fields[i], &eval_mode));
1123       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis_in, eval_mode, &q_comp));
1124       if (eval_mode != CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) {
1125         // q_comp = 1 if CEED_EVAL_NONE, CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT caught by QF assembly
1126         CeedCallBackend(CeedRealloc(num_eval_modes_in + q_comp, &eval_modes_in));
1127         for (CeedInt d = 0; d < q_comp; d++) eval_modes_in[num_eval_modes_in + d] = eval_mode;
1128         num_eval_modes_in += q_comp;
1129       }
1130     }
1131     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec));
1132   }
1133 
1134   // Determine active output basis
1135   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, NULL, NULL, NULL, &op_fields));
1136   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, NULL, NULL, &qf_fields));
1137   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
1138     CeedVector vec;
1139 
1140     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_fields[i], &vec));
1141     if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
1142       CeedBasis    basis;
1143       CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
1144 
1145       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_fields[i], &basis));
1146       CeedCheck(!basis_out || basis_out == basis, ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND,
1147                 "Backend does not implement operator diagonal assembly with multiple active bases");
1148       if (!basis_out) CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisReferenceCopy(basis, &basis_out));
1149       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis));
1150       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_fields[i], &eval_mode));
1151       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis_out, eval_mode, &q_comp));
1152       if (eval_mode != CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) {
1153         // q_comp = 1 if CEED_EVAL_NONE, CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT caught by QF assembly
1154         CeedCallBackend(CeedRealloc(num_eval_modes_out + q_comp, &eval_modes_out));
1155         for (CeedInt d = 0; d < q_comp; d++) eval_modes_out[num_eval_modes_out + d] = eval_mode;
1156         num_eval_modes_out += q_comp;
1157       }
1158     }
1159     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec));
1160   }
1161 
1162   // Operator data struct
1163   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
1164   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(1, &impl->diag));
1165   CeedOperatorDiag_Hip *diag = impl->diag;
1166 
1167   // Basis matrices
1168   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumNodes(basis_in, &num_nodes));
1169   if (basis_in == CEED_BASIS_NONE) num_qpts = num_nodes;
1170   else CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadraturePoints(basis_in, &num_qpts));
1171   const CeedInt interp_bytes     = num_nodes * num_qpts * sizeof(CeedScalar);
1172   const CeedInt eval_modes_bytes = sizeof(CeedEvalMode);
1173   bool          has_eval_none    = false;
1174 
1175   // CEED_EVAL_NONE
1176   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_eval_modes_in; i++) has_eval_none = has_eval_none || (eval_modes_in[i] == CEED_EVAL_NONE);
1177   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_eval_modes_out; i++) has_eval_none = has_eval_none || (eval_modes_out[i] == CEED_EVAL_NONE);
1178   if (has_eval_none) {
1179     CeedScalar *identity = NULL;
1180 
1181     CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_nodes * num_qpts, &identity));
1182     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < (num_nodes < num_qpts ? num_nodes : num_qpts); i++) identity[i * num_nodes + i] = 1.0;
1183     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&diag->d_identity, interp_bytes));
1184     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(diag->d_identity, identity, interp_bytes, hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
1185     CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&identity));
1186   }
1187 
1188   // CEED_EVAL_INTERP, CEED_EVAL_GRAD, CEED_EVAL_DIV, and CEED_EVAL_CURL
1189   for (CeedInt in = 0; in < 2; in++) {
1190     CeedFESpace fespace;
1191     CeedBasis   basis = in ? basis_in : basis_out;
1192 
1193     CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetFESpace(basis, &fespace));
1194     switch (fespace) {
1195       case CEED_FE_SPACE_H1: {
1196         CeedInt           q_comp_interp, q_comp_grad;
1197         const CeedScalar *interp, *grad;
1198         CeedScalar       *d_interp, *d_grad;
1199 
1200         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis, CEED_EVAL_INTERP, &q_comp_interp));
1201         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis, CEED_EVAL_GRAD, &q_comp_grad));
1202 
1203         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetInterp(basis, &interp));
1204         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&d_interp, interp_bytes * q_comp_interp));
1205         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(d_interp, interp, interp_bytes * q_comp_interp, hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
1206         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetGrad(basis, &grad));
1207         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&d_grad, interp_bytes * q_comp_grad));
1208         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(d_grad, grad, interp_bytes * q_comp_grad, hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
1209         if (in) {
1210           diag->d_interp_in = d_interp;
1211           diag->d_grad_in   = d_grad;
1212         } else {
1213           diag->d_interp_out = d_interp;
1214           diag->d_grad_out   = d_grad;
1215         }
1216       } break;
1217       case CEED_FE_SPACE_HDIV: {
1218         CeedInt           q_comp_interp, q_comp_div;
1219         const CeedScalar *interp, *div;
1220         CeedScalar       *d_interp, *d_div;
1221 
1222         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis, CEED_EVAL_INTERP, &q_comp_interp));
1223         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis, CEED_EVAL_DIV, &q_comp_div));
1224 
1225         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetInterp(basis, &interp));
1226         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&d_interp, interp_bytes * q_comp_interp));
1227         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(d_interp, interp, interp_bytes * q_comp_interp, hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
1228         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetDiv(basis, &div));
1229         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&d_div, interp_bytes * q_comp_div));
1230         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(d_div, div, interp_bytes * q_comp_div, hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
1231         if (in) {
1232           diag->d_interp_in = d_interp;
1233           diag->d_div_in    = d_div;
1234         } else {
1235           diag->d_interp_out = d_interp;
1236           diag->d_div_out    = d_div;
1237         }
1238       } break;
1239       case CEED_FE_SPACE_HCURL: {
1240         CeedInt           q_comp_interp, q_comp_curl;
1241         const CeedScalar *interp, *curl;
1242         CeedScalar       *d_interp, *d_curl;
1243 
1244         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis, CEED_EVAL_INTERP, &q_comp_interp));
1245         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis, CEED_EVAL_CURL, &q_comp_curl));
1246 
1247         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetInterp(basis, &interp));
1248         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&d_interp, interp_bytes * q_comp_interp));
1249         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(d_interp, interp, interp_bytes * q_comp_interp, hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
1250         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetCurl(basis, &curl));
1251         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&d_curl, interp_bytes * q_comp_curl));
1252         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(d_curl, curl, interp_bytes * q_comp_curl, hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
1253         if (in) {
1254           diag->d_interp_in = d_interp;
1255           diag->d_curl_in   = d_curl;
1256         } else {
1257           diag->d_interp_out = d_interp;
1258           diag->d_curl_out   = d_curl;
1259         }
1260       } break;
1261     }
1262   }
1263 
1264   // Arrays of eval_modes
1265   CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&diag->d_eval_modes_in, num_eval_modes_in * eval_modes_bytes));
1266   CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(diag->d_eval_modes_in, eval_modes_in, num_eval_modes_in * eval_modes_bytes, hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
1267   CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&diag->d_eval_modes_out, num_eval_modes_out * eval_modes_bytes));
1268   CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(diag->d_eval_modes_out, eval_modes_out, num_eval_modes_out * eval_modes_bytes, hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
1269   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&eval_modes_in));
1270   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&eval_modes_out));
1271   CeedCallBackend(CeedDestroy(&ceed));
1272   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis_in));
1273   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis_out));
1274   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
1275 }
1276 
1277 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1278 // Assemble Diagonal Setup (Compilation)
1279 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1280 static inline int CeedOperatorAssembleDiagonalSetupCompile_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedInt use_ceedsize_idx, const bool is_point_block) {
1281   Ceed                ceed;
1282   CeedInt             num_input_fields, num_output_fields, num_eval_modes_in = 0, num_eval_modes_out = 0;
1283   CeedInt             num_comp, q_comp, num_nodes, num_qpts;
1284   CeedBasis           basis_in = NULL, basis_out = NULL;
1285   CeedQFunctionField *qf_fields;
1286   CeedQFunction       qf;
1287   CeedOperatorField  *op_fields;
1288   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
1289 
1290   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
1291   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
1292   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetNumArgs(qf, &num_input_fields, &num_output_fields));
1293 
1294   // Determine active input basis
1295   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, NULL, &op_fields, NULL, NULL));
1296   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_fields, NULL, NULL));
1297   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
1298     CeedVector vec;
1299 
1300     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_fields[i], &vec));
1301     if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
1302       CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
1303       CeedBasis    basis;
1304 
1305       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_fields[i], &basis));
1306       if (!basis_in) CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisReferenceCopy(basis, &basis_in));
1307       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis));
1308       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_fields[i], &eval_mode));
1309       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis_in, eval_mode, &q_comp));
1310       if (eval_mode != CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) {
1311         num_eval_modes_in += q_comp;
1312       }
1313     }
1314     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec));
1315   }
1316 
1317   // Determine active output basis
1318   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, NULL, NULL, NULL, &op_fields));
1319   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, NULL, NULL, &qf_fields));
1320   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
1321     CeedVector vec;
1322 
1323     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_fields[i], &vec));
1324     if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
1325       CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
1326       CeedBasis    basis;
1327 
1328       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_fields[i], &basis));
1329       if (!basis_out) CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisReferenceCopy(basis, &basis_out));
1330       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis));
1331       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_fields[i], &eval_mode));
1332       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis_out, eval_mode, &q_comp));
1333       if (eval_mode != CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) {
1334         num_eval_modes_out += q_comp;
1335       }
1336     }
1337     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec));
1338   }
1339 
1340   // Operator data struct
1341   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
1342   CeedOperatorDiag_Hip *diag = impl->diag;
1343 
1344   // Assemble kernel
1345   const char   diagonal_kernel_source[] = "// Diagonal assembly source\n#include <ceed/jit-source/hip/hip-ref-operator-assemble-diagonal.h>\n";
1346   hipModule_t *module                   = is_point_block ? &diag->module_point_block : &diag->module;
1347   CeedInt      elems_per_block          = 1;
1348 
1349   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumNodes(basis_in, &num_nodes));
1350   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumComponents(basis_in, &num_comp));
1351   if (basis_in == CEED_BASIS_NONE) num_qpts = num_nodes;
1352   else CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadraturePoints(basis_in, &num_qpts));
1353   CeedCallHip(ceed, CeedCompile_Hip(ceed, diagonal_kernel_source, module, 8, "NUM_EVAL_MODES_IN", num_eval_modes_in, "NUM_EVAL_MODES_OUT",
1354                                     num_eval_modes_out, "NUM_COMP", num_comp, "NUM_NODES", num_nodes, "NUM_QPTS", num_qpts, "USE_CEEDSIZE",
1355                                     use_ceedsize_idx, "USE_POINT_BLOCK", is_point_block ? 1 : 0, "BLOCK_SIZE", num_nodes * elems_per_block));
1356   CeedCallHip(ceed, CeedGetKernel_Hip(ceed, *module, "LinearDiagonal", is_point_block ? &diag->LinearPointBlock : &diag->LinearDiagonal));
1357   CeedCallBackend(CeedDestroy(&ceed));
1358   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis_in));
1359   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis_out));
1360   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
1361 }
1362 
1363 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1364 // Assemble Diagonal Core
1365 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1366 static inline int CeedOperatorAssembleDiagonalCore_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedVector assembled, CeedRequest *request, const bool is_point_block) {
1367   Ceed                ceed;
1368   CeedInt             num_elem, num_nodes;
1369   CeedScalar         *elem_diag_array;
1370   const CeedScalar   *assembled_qf_array;
1371   CeedVector          assembled_qf   = NULL, elem_diag;
1372   CeedElemRestriction assembled_rstr = NULL, rstr_in, rstr_out, diag_rstr;
1373   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
1374 
1375   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
1376   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
1377 
1378   // Assemble QFunction
1379   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionBuildOrUpdate(op, &assembled_qf, &assembled_rstr, request));
1380   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&assembled_rstr));
1381   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayRead(assembled_qf, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &assembled_qf_array));
1382 
1383   // Setup
1384   if (!impl->diag) CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorAssembleDiagonalSetup_Hip(op));
1385   CeedOperatorDiag_Hip *diag = impl->diag;
1386 
1387   assert(diag != NULL);
1388 
1389   // Assemble kernel if needed
1390   if ((!is_point_block && !diag->LinearDiagonal) || (is_point_block && !diag->LinearPointBlock)) {
1391     CeedSize assembled_length, assembled_qf_length;
1392     CeedInt  use_ceedsize_idx = 0;
1393     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetLength(assembled, &assembled_length));
1394     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetLength(assembled_qf, &assembled_qf_length));
1395     if ((assembled_length > INT_MAX) || (assembled_qf_length > INT_MAX)) use_ceedsize_idx = 1;
1396 
1397     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorAssembleDiagonalSetupCompile_Hip(op, use_ceedsize_idx, is_point_block));
1398   }
1399 
1400   // Restriction and diagonal vector
1401   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetActiveElemRestrictions(op, &rstr_in, &rstr_out));
1402   CeedCheck(rstr_in == rstr_out, ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND,
1403             "Cannot assemble operator diagonal with different input and output active element restrictions");
1404   if (!is_point_block && !diag->diag_rstr) {
1405     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionCreateUnsignedCopy(rstr_out, &diag->diag_rstr));
1406     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionCreateVector(diag->diag_rstr, NULL, &diag->elem_diag));
1407   } else if (is_point_block && !diag->point_block_diag_rstr) {
1408     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorCreateActivePointBlockRestriction(rstr_out, &diag->point_block_diag_rstr));
1409     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionCreateVector(diag->point_block_diag_rstr, NULL, &diag->point_block_elem_diag));
1410   }
1411   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_in));
1412   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_out));
1413   diag_rstr = is_point_block ? diag->point_block_diag_rstr : diag->diag_rstr;
1414   elem_diag = is_point_block ? diag->point_block_elem_diag : diag->elem_diag;
1415   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValue(elem_diag, 0.0));
1416 
1417   // Only assemble diagonal if the basis has nodes, otherwise inputs are null pointers
1418   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(diag_rstr, &num_nodes));
1419   if (num_nodes > 0) {
1420     // Assemble element operator diagonals
1421     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumElements(diag_rstr, &num_elem));
1422     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArray(elem_diag, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &elem_diag_array));
1423 
1424     // Compute the diagonal of B^T D B
1425     CeedInt elems_per_block = 1;
1426     CeedInt grid            = CeedDivUpInt(num_elem, elems_per_block);
1427     void   *args[]          = {(void *)&num_elem,      &diag->d_identity,       &diag->d_interp_in,  &diag->d_grad_in, &diag->d_div_in,
1428                                &diag->d_curl_in,       &diag->d_interp_out,     &diag->d_grad_out,   &diag->d_div_out, &diag->d_curl_out,
1429                                &diag->d_eval_modes_in, &diag->d_eval_modes_out, &assembled_qf_array, &elem_diag_array};
1430 
1431     if (is_point_block) {
1432       CeedCallBackend(CeedRunKernelDim_Hip(ceed, diag->LinearPointBlock, grid, num_nodes, 1, elems_per_block, args));
1433     } else {
1434       CeedCallBackend(CeedRunKernelDim_Hip(ceed, diag->LinearDiagonal, grid, num_nodes, 1, elems_per_block, args));
1435     }
1436 
1437     // Restore arrays
1438     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArray(elem_diag, &elem_diag_array));
1439     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArrayRead(assembled_qf, &assembled_qf_array));
1440   }
1441 
1442   // Assemble local operator diagonal
1443   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionApply(diag_rstr, CEED_TRANSPOSE, elem_diag, assembled, request));
1444 
1445   // Cleanup
1446   CeedCallBackend(CeedDestroy(&ceed));
1447   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&assembled_qf));
1448   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
1449 }
1450 
1451 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1452 // Assemble Linear Diagonal
1453 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1454 static int CeedOperatorLinearAssembleAddDiagonal_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedVector assembled, CeedRequest *request) {
1455   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorAssembleDiagonalCore_Hip(op, assembled, request, false));
1456   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
1457 }
1458 
1459 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1460 // Assemble Linear Point Block Diagonal
1461 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1462 static int CeedOperatorLinearAssembleAddPointBlockDiagonal_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedVector assembled, CeedRequest *request) {
1463   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorAssembleDiagonalCore_Hip(op, assembled, request, true));
1464   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
1465 }
1466 
1467 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1468 // Single Operator Assembly Setup
1469 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1470 static int CeedSingleOperatorAssembleSetup_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedInt use_ceedsize_idx) {
1471   Ceed                ceed;
1472   Ceed_Hip           *hip_data;
1473   CeedInt             num_input_fields, num_output_fields, num_eval_modes_in = 0, num_eval_modes_out = 0;
1474   CeedInt             elem_size_in, num_qpts_in = 0, num_comp_in, elem_size_out, num_qpts_out, num_comp_out, q_comp;
1475   CeedEvalMode       *eval_modes_in = NULL, *eval_modes_out = NULL;
1476   CeedElemRestriction rstr_in = NULL, rstr_out = NULL;
1477   CeedBasis           basis_in = NULL, basis_out = NULL;
1478   CeedQFunctionField *qf_fields;
1479   CeedQFunction       qf;
1480   CeedOperatorField  *input_fields, *output_fields;
1481   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
1482 
1483   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
1484   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
1485 
1486   // Get intput and output fields
1487   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, &num_input_fields, &input_fields, &num_output_fields, &output_fields));
1488 
1489   // Determine active input basis eval mode
1490   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
1491   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_fields, NULL, NULL));
1492   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
1493     CeedVector vec;
1494 
1495     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(input_fields[i], &vec));
1496     if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
1497       CeedEvalMode        eval_mode;
1498       CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
1499       CeedBasis           basis;
1500 
1501       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(input_fields[i], &basis));
1502       CeedCheck(!basis_in || basis_in == basis, ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "Backend does not implement operator assembly with multiple active bases");
1503       if (!basis_in) CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisReferenceCopy(basis, &basis_in));
1504       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis));
1505       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(input_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
1506       if (!rstr_in) CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionReferenceCopy(elem_rstr, &rstr_in));
1507       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&elem_rstr));
1508       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(rstr_in, &elem_size_in));
1509       if (basis_in == CEED_BASIS_NONE) num_qpts_in = elem_size_in;
1510       else CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadraturePoints(basis_in, &num_qpts_in));
1511       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_fields[i], &eval_mode));
1512       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis_in, eval_mode, &q_comp));
1513       if (eval_mode != CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) {
1514         // q_comp = 1 if CEED_EVAL_NONE, CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT caught by QF Assembly
1515         CeedCallBackend(CeedRealloc(num_eval_modes_in + q_comp, &eval_modes_in));
1516         for (CeedInt d = 0; d < q_comp; d++) {
1517           eval_modes_in[num_eval_modes_in + d] = eval_mode;
1518         }
1519         num_eval_modes_in += q_comp;
1520       }
1521     }
1522     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec));
1523   }
1524 
1525   // Determine active output basis; basis_out and rstr_out only used if same as input, TODO
1526   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, NULL, NULL, &qf_fields));
1527   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
1528     CeedVector vec;
1529 
1530     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(output_fields[i], &vec));
1531     if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
1532       CeedEvalMode        eval_mode;
1533       CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
1534       CeedBasis           basis;
1535 
1536       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(output_fields[i], &basis));
1537       CeedCheck(!basis_out || basis_out == basis, ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND,
1538                 "Backend does not implement operator assembly with multiple active bases");
1539       if (!basis_out) CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisReferenceCopy(basis, &basis_out));
1540       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis));
1541       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(output_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
1542       if (!rstr_out) CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionReferenceCopy(elem_rstr, &rstr_out));
1543       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&elem_rstr));
1544       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(rstr_out, &elem_size_out));
1545       if (basis_out == CEED_BASIS_NONE) num_qpts_out = elem_size_out;
1546       else CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadraturePoints(basis_out, &num_qpts_out));
1547       CeedCheck(num_qpts_in == num_qpts_out, ceed, CEED_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED,
1548                 "Active input and output bases must have the same number of quadrature points");
1549       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_fields[i], &eval_mode));
1550       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis_out, eval_mode, &q_comp));
1551       if (eval_mode != CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) {
1552         // q_comp = 1 if CEED_EVAL_NONE, CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT caught by QF Assembly
1553         CeedCallBackend(CeedRealloc(num_eval_modes_out + q_comp, &eval_modes_out));
1554         for (CeedInt d = 0; d < q_comp; d++) {
1555           eval_modes_out[num_eval_modes_out + d] = eval_mode;
1556         }
1557         num_eval_modes_out += q_comp;
1558       }
1559     }
1560     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec));
1561   }
1562   CeedCheck(num_eval_modes_in > 0 && num_eval_modes_out > 0, ceed, CEED_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED, "Cannot assemble operator without inputs/outputs");
1563 
1564   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(1, &impl->asmb));
1565   CeedOperatorAssemble_Hip *asmb = impl->asmb;
1566   asmb->elems_per_block          = 1;
1567   asmb->block_size_x             = elem_size_in;
1568   asmb->block_size_y             = elem_size_out;
1569 
1570   CeedCallBackend(CeedGetData(ceed, &hip_data));
1571   bool fallback = asmb->block_size_x * asmb->block_size_y * asmb->elems_per_block > hip_data->device_prop.maxThreadsPerBlock;
1572 
1573   if (fallback) {
1574     // Use fallback kernel with 1D threadblock
1575     asmb->block_size_y = 1;
1576   }
1577 
1578   // Compile kernels
1579   const char assembly_kernel_source[] = "// Full assembly source\n#include <ceed/jit-source/hip/hip-ref-operator-assemble.h>\n";
1580 
1581   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumComponents(rstr_in, &num_comp_in));
1582   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumComponents(rstr_out, &num_comp_out));
1583   CeedCallBackend(CeedCompile_Hip(ceed, assembly_kernel_source, &asmb->module, 10, "NUM_EVAL_MODES_IN", num_eval_modes_in, "NUM_EVAL_MODES_OUT",
1584                                   num_eval_modes_out, "NUM_COMP_IN", num_comp_in, "NUM_COMP_OUT", num_comp_out, "NUM_NODES_IN", elem_size_in,
1585                                   "NUM_NODES_OUT", elem_size_out, "NUM_QPTS", num_qpts_in, "BLOCK_SIZE",
1586                                   asmb->block_size_x * asmb->block_size_y * asmb->elems_per_block, "BLOCK_SIZE_Y", asmb->block_size_y, "USE_CEEDSIZE",
1587                                   use_ceedsize_idx));
1588   CeedCallBackend(CeedGetKernel_Hip(ceed, asmb->module, "LinearAssemble", &asmb->LinearAssemble));
1589 
1590   // Load into B_in, in order that they will be used in eval_modes_in
1591   {
1592     const CeedInt in_bytes           = elem_size_in * num_qpts_in * num_eval_modes_in * sizeof(CeedScalar);
1593     CeedInt       d_in               = 0;
1594     CeedEvalMode  eval_modes_in_prev = CEED_EVAL_NONE;
1595     bool          has_eval_none      = false;
1596     CeedScalar   *identity           = NULL;
1597 
1598     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_eval_modes_in; i++) {
1599       has_eval_none = has_eval_none || (eval_modes_in[i] == CEED_EVAL_NONE);
1600     }
1601     if (has_eval_none) {
1602       CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(elem_size_in * num_qpts_in, &identity));
1603       for (CeedInt i = 0; i < (elem_size_in < num_qpts_in ? elem_size_in : num_qpts_in); i++) identity[i * elem_size_in + i] = 1.0;
1604     }
1605 
1606     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&asmb->d_B_in, in_bytes));
1607     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_eval_modes_in; i++) {
1608       const CeedScalar *h_B_in;
1609 
1610       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetBasisPointer(basis_in, eval_modes_in[i], identity, &h_B_in));
1611       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis_in, eval_modes_in[i], &q_comp));
1612       if (q_comp > 1) {
1613         if (i == 0 || eval_modes_in[i] != eval_modes_in_prev) d_in = 0;
1614         else h_B_in = &h_B_in[(++d_in) * elem_size_in * num_qpts_in];
1615       }
1616       eval_modes_in_prev = eval_modes_in[i];
1617 
1618       CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(&asmb->d_B_in[i * elem_size_in * num_qpts_in], h_B_in, elem_size_in * num_qpts_in * sizeof(CeedScalar),
1619                                   hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
1620     }
1621     CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&identity));
1622   }
1623   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&eval_modes_in));
1624 
1625   // Load into B_out, in order that they will be used in eval_modes_out
1626   {
1627     const CeedInt out_bytes           = elem_size_out * num_qpts_out * num_eval_modes_out * sizeof(CeedScalar);
1628     CeedInt       d_out               = 0;
1629     CeedEvalMode  eval_modes_out_prev = CEED_EVAL_NONE;
1630     bool          has_eval_none       = false;
1631     CeedScalar   *identity            = NULL;
1632 
1633     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_eval_modes_out; i++) {
1634       has_eval_none = has_eval_none || (eval_modes_out[i] == CEED_EVAL_NONE);
1635     }
1636     if (has_eval_none) {
1637       CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(elem_size_out * num_qpts_out, &identity));
1638       for (CeedInt i = 0; i < (elem_size_out < num_qpts_out ? elem_size_out : num_qpts_out); i++) identity[i * elem_size_out + i] = 1.0;
1639     }
1640 
1641     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&asmb->d_B_out, out_bytes));
1642     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_eval_modes_out; i++) {
1643       const CeedScalar *h_B_out;
1644 
1645       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetBasisPointer(basis_out, eval_modes_out[i], identity, &h_B_out));
1646       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis_out, eval_modes_out[i], &q_comp));
1647       if (q_comp > 1) {
1648         if (i == 0 || eval_modes_out[i] != eval_modes_out_prev) d_out = 0;
1649         else h_B_out = &h_B_out[(++d_out) * elem_size_out * num_qpts_out];
1650       }
1651       eval_modes_out_prev = eval_modes_out[i];
1652 
1653       CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(&asmb->d_B_out[i * elem_size_out * num_qpts_out], h_B_out, elem_size_out * num_qpts_out * sizeof(CeedScalar),
1654                                   hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
1655     }
1656     CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&identity));
1657   }
1658   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&eval_modes_out));
1659   CeedCallBackend(CeedDestroy(&ceed));
1660   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_in));
1661   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_out));
1662   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis_in));
1663   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis_out));
1664   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
1665 }
1666 
1667 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1668 // Assemble matrix data for COO matrix of assembled operator.
1669 // The sparsity pattern is set by CeedOperatorLinearAssembleSymbolic.
1670 //
1671 // Note that this (and other assembly routines) currently assume only one active input restriction/basis per operator
1672 // (could have multiple basis eval modes).
1673 // TODO: allow multiple active input restrictions/basis objects
1674 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1675 static int CeedSingleOperatorAssemble_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedInt offset, CeedVector values) {
1676   Ceed                ceed;
1677   CeedSize            values_length = 0, assembled_qf_length = 0;
1678   CeedInt             use_ceedsize_idx = 0, num_elem_in, num_elem_out, elem_size_in, elem_size_out;
1679   CeedScalar         *values_array;
1680   const CeedScalar   *assembled_qf_array;
1681   CeedVector          assembled_qf   = NULL;
1682   CeedElemRestriction assembled_rstr = NULL, rstr_in, rstr_out;
1683   CeedRestrictionType rstr_type_in, rstr_type_out;
1684   const bool         *orients_in = NULL, *orients_out = NULL;
1685   const CeedInt8     *curl_orients_in = NULL, *curl_orients_out = NULL;
1686   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
1687 
1688   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
1689   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
1690 
1691   // Assemble QFunction
1692   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionBuildOrUpdate(op, &assembled_qf, &assembled_rstr, CEED_REQUEST_IMMEDIATE));
1693   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&assembled_rstr));
1694   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayRead(assembled_qf, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &assembled_qf_array));
1695 
1696   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetLength(values, &values_length));
1697   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetLength(assembled_qf, &assembled_qf_length));
1698   if ((values_length > INT_MAX) || (assembled_qf_length > INT_MAX)) use_ceedsize_idx = 1;
1699 
1700   // Setup
1701   if (!impl->asmb) CeedCallBackend(CeedSingleOperatorAssembleSetup_Hip(op, use_ceedsize_idx));
1702   CeedOperatorAssemble_Hip *asmb = impl->asmb;
1703 
1704   assert(asmb != NULL);
1705 
1706   // Assemble element operator
1707   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArray(values, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &values_array));
1708   values_array += offset;
1709 
1710   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetActiveElemRestrictions(op, &rstr_in, &rstr_out));
1711   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumElements(rstr_in, &num_elem_in));
1712   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(rstr_in, &elem_size_in));
1713 
1714   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetType(rstr_in, &rstr_type_in));
1715   if (rstr_type_in == CEED_RESTRICTION_ORIENTED) {
1716     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetOrientations(rstr_in, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &orients_in));
1717   } else if (rstr_type_in == CEED_RESTRICTION_CURL_ORIENTED) {
1718     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetCurlOrientations(rstr_in, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &curl_orients_in));
1719   }
1720 
1721   if (rstr_in != rstr_out) {
1722     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumElements(rstr_out, &num_elem_out));
1723     CeedCheck(num_elem_in == num_elem_out, ceed, CEED_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED,
1724               "Active input and output operator restrictions must have the same number of elements");
1725     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(rstr_out, &elem_size_out));
1726 
1727     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetType(rstr_out, &rstr_type_out));
1728     if (rstr_type_out == CEED_RESTRICTION_ORIENTED) {
1729       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetOrientations(rstr_out, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &orients_out));
1730     } else if (rstr_type_out == CEED_RESTRICTION_CURL_ORIENTED) {
1731       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetCurlOrientations(rstr_out, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &curl_orients_out));
1732     }
1733   } else {
1734     elem_size_out    = elem_size_in;
1735     orients_out      = orients_in;
1736     curl_orients_out = curl_orients_in;
1737   }
1738 
1739   // Compute B^T D B
1740   CeedInt shared_mem =
1741       ((curl_orients_in || curl_orients_out ? elem_size_in * elem_size_out : 0) + (curl_orients_in ? elem_size_in * asmb->block_size_y : 0)) *
1742       sizeof(CeedScalar);
1743   CeedInt grid   = CeedDivUpInt(num_elem_in, asmb->elems_per_block);
1744   void   *args[] = {(void *)&num_elem_in, &asmb->d_B_in,     &asmb->d_B_out,      &orients_in,  &curl_orients_in,
1745                     &orients_out,         &curl_orients_out, &assembled_qf_array, &values_array};
1746 
1747   CeedCallBackend(
1748       CeedRunKernelDimShared_Hip(ceed, asmb->LinearAssemble, grid, asmb->block_size_x, asmb->block_size_y, asmb->elems_per_block, shared_mem, args));
1749 
1750   // Restore arrays
1751   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArray(values, &values_array));
1752   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArrayRead(assembled_qf, &assembled_qf_array));
1753 
1754   // Cleanup
1755   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&assembled_qf));
1756   if (rstr_type_in == CEED_RESTRICTION_ORIENTED) {
1757     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionRestoreOrientations(rstr_in, &orients_in));
1758   } else if (rstr_type_in == CEED_RESTRICTION_CURL_ORIENTED) {
1759     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionRestoreCurlOrientations(rstr_in, &curl_orients_in));
1760   }
1761   if (rstr_in != rstr_out) {
1762     if (rstr_type_out == CEED_RESTRICTION_ORIENTED) {
1763       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionRestoreOrientations(rstr_out, &orients_out));
1764     } else if (rstr_type_out == CEED_RESTRICTION_CURL_ORIENTED) {
1765       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionRestoreCurlOrientations(rstr_out, &curl_orients_out));
1766     }
1767   }
1768   CeedCallBackend(CeedDestroy(&ceed));
1769   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_in));
1770   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_out));
1771   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
1772 }
1773 
1774 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1775 // Assemble Linear QFunction AtPoints
1776 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1777 static int CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionAtPoints_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedVector *assembled, CeedElemRestriction *rstr, CeedRequest *request) {
1778   return CeedError(CeedOperatorReturnCeed(op), CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "Backend does not implement CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunction");
1779 }
1780 
1781 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1782 // Assemble Linear Diagonal AtPoints
1783 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1784 static int CeedOperatorLinearAssembleAddDiagonalAtPoints_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedVector assembled, CeedRequest *request) {
1785   CeedInt             max_num_points, *num_points, num_elem, num_input_fields, num_output_fields;
1786   Ceed                ceed;
1787   CeedVector          active_e_vec_in, active_e_vec_out;
1788   CeedQFunctionField *qf_input_fields, *qf_output_fields;
1789   CeedQFunction       qf;
1790   CeedOperatorField  *op_input_fields, *op_output_fields;
1791   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
1792 
1793   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
1794   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
1795   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
1796   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumElements(op, &num_elem));
1797   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, &num_input_fields, &op_input_fields, &num_output_fields, &op_output_fields));
1798   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_input_fields, NULL, &qf_output_fields));
1799 
1800   // Setup
1801   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetupAtPoints_Hip(op));
1802   num_points     = impl->num_points;
1803   max_num_points = impl->max_num_points;
1804 
1805   // Work vector
1806   CeedCallBackend(CeedGetWorkVector(ceed, impl->max_active_e_vec_len, &active_e_vec_in));
1807   CeedCallBackend(CeedGetWorkVector(ceed, impl->max_active_e_vec_len, &active_e_vec_out));
1808   {
1809     CeedSize length_in, length_out;
1810 
1811     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetLength(active_e_vec_in, &length_in));
1812     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetLength(active_e_vec_out, &length_out));
1813     // Need input e_vec to be longer
1814     if (length_in < length_out) {
1815       CeedVector temp = active_e_vec_in;
1816 
1817       active_e_vec_in  = active_e_vec_out;
1818       active_e_vec_out = temp;
1819     }
1820   }
1821 
1822   // Get point coordinates
1823   if (!impl->point_coords_elem) {
1824     CeedVector          point_coords = NULL;
1825     CeedElemRestriction rstr_points  = NULL;
1826 
1827     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorAtPointsGetPoints(op, &rstr_points, &point_coords));
1828     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionCreateVector(rstr_points, NULL, &impl->point_coords_elem));
1829     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionApply(rstr_points, CEED_NOTRANSPOSE, point_coords, impl->point_coords_elem, request));
1830     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&point_coords));
1831     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_points));
1832   }
1833 
1834   // Process inputs
1835   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
1836     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorInputRestrict_Hip(op_input_fields[i], qf_input_fields[i], i, NULL, NULL, true, impl, request));
1837     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorInputBasisAtPoints_Hip(op_input_fields[i], qf_input_fields[i], i, NULL, NULL, num_elem, num_points, true, impl));
1838   }
1839 
1840   // Clear active input Qvecs
1841   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
1842     bool       is_active = false;
1843     CeedVector l_vec;
1844 
1845     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_fields[i], &l_vec));
1846     is_active = l_vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE;
1847     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&l_vec));
1848     if (!is_active) continue;
1849     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValue(impl->q_vecs_in[i], 0.0));
1850   }
1851 
1852   // Output pointers, as necessary
1853   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
1854     CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
1855 
1856     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
1857     if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE) {
1858       CeedScalar *e_vec_array;
1859 
1860       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayWrite(impl->e_vecs_out[i], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &e_vec_array));
1861       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetArray(impl->q_vecs_out[i], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, CEED_USE_POINTER, e_vec_array));
1862     }
1863   }
1864 
1865   // Loop over active fields
1866   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
1867     bool                is_active = false, is_active_at_points = true;
1868     CeedInt             elem_size = 1, num_comp_active = 1, e_vec_size = 0;
1869     CeedRestrictionType rstr_type;
1870     CeedVector          l_vec;
1871     CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
1872 
1873     // -- Skip non-active input
1874     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_fields[i], &l_vec));
1875     is_active = l_vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE;
1876     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&l_vec));
1877     if (!is_active) continue;
1878 
1879     // -- Get active restriction type
1880     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_input_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
1881     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetType(elem_rstr, &rstr_type));
1882     is_active_at_points = rstr_type == CEED_RESTRICTION_POINTS;
1883     if (!is_active_at_points) CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(elem_rstr, &elem_size));
1884     else elem_size = max_num_points;
1885     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumComponents(elem_rstr, &num_comp_active));
1886     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&elem_rstr));
1887 
1888     e_vec_size = elem_size * num_comp_active;
1889     for (CeedInt s = 0; s < e_vec_size; s++) {
1890       bool         is_active = false;
1891       CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
1892       CeedVector   l_vec, q_vec = impl->q_vecs_in[i];
1893 
1894       // Skip non-active input
1895       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_fields[i], &l_vec));
1896       is_active = l_vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE;
1897       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&l_vec));
1898       if (!is_active) continue;
1899 
1900       // Update unit vector
1901       if (s == 0) CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValue(active_e_vec_in, 0.0));
1902       else CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValueStrided(active_e_vec_in, s - 1, e_vec_size, 0.0));
1903       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValueStrided(active_e_vec_in, s, e_vec_size, 1.0));
1904 
1905       // Basis action
1906       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_input_fields[i], &eval_mode));
1907       switch (eval_mode) {
1908         case CEED_EVAL_NONE: {
1909           const CeedScalar *e_vec_array;
1910 
1911           CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayRead(active_e_vec_in, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &e_vec_array));
1912           CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetArray(q_vec, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, CEED_USE_POINTER, (CeedScalar *)e_vec_array));
1913           break;
1914         }
1915         case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
1916         case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
1917         case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
1918         case CEED_EVAL_CURL: {
1919           CeedBasis basis;
1920 
1921           CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_input_fields[i], &basis));
1922           CeedCallBackend(
1923               CeedBasisApplyAtPoints(basis, num_elem, num_points, CEED_NOTRANSPOSE, eval_mode, impl->point_coords_elem, active_e_vec_in, q_vec));
1924           CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis));
1925           break;
1926         }
1927         case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT:
1928           break;  // No action
1929       }
1930 
1931       // Q function
1932       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionApply(qf, num_elem * max_num_points, impl->q_vecs_in, impl->q_vecs_out));
1933 
1934       // Output basis apply if needed
1935       for (CeedInt j = 0; j < num_output_fields; j++) {
1936         bool                is_active = false;
1937         CeedInt             elem_size = 0;
1938         CeedRestrictionType rstr_type;
1939         CeedEvalMode        eval_mode;
1940         CeedVector          l_vec, e_vec = impl->e_vecs_out[j], q_vec = impl->q_vecs_out[j];
1941         CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
1942 
1943         // ---- Skip non-active output
1944         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_output_fields[j], &l_vec));
1945         is_active = l_vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE;
1946         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&l_vec));
1947         if (!is_active) continue;
1948         if (!e_vec) e_vec = active_e_vec_out;
1949 
1950         // ---- Check if elem size matches
1951         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_output_fields[j], &elem_rstr));
1952         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetType(elem_rstr, &rstr_type));
1953         if (is_active_at_points && rstr_type != CEED_RESTRICTION_POINTS) continue;
1954         if (rstr_type == CEED_RESTRICTION_POINTS) {
1955           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetMaxPointsInElement(elem_rstr, &elem_size));
1956         } else {
1957           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(elem_rstr, &elem_size));
1958         }
1959         {
1960           CeedInt num_comp = 0;
1961 
1962           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumComponents(elem_rstr, &num_comp));
1963           if (e_vec_size != num_comp * elem_size) continue;
1964         }
1965 
1966         // Basis action
1967         CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[j], &eval_mode));
1968         switch (eval_mode) {
1969           case CEED_EVAL_NONE: {
1970             CeedScalar *e_vec_array;
1971 
1972             CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorTakeArray(q_vec, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &e_vec_array));
1973             CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArray(e_vec, &e_vec_array));
1974             break;
1975           }
1976           case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
1977           case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
1978           case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
1979           case CEED_EVAL_CURL: {
1980             CeedBasis basis;
1981 
1982             CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_output_fields[j], &basis));
1983             CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisApplyAtPoints(basis, num_elem, num_points, CEED_TRANSPOSE, eval_mode, impl->point_coords_elem, q_vec, e_vec));
1984             CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis));
1985             break;
1986           }
1987           // LCOV_EXCL_START
1988           case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT: {
1989             return CeedError(CeedOperatorReturnCeed(op), CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT cannot be an output evaluation mode");
1990             // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
1991           }
1992         }
1993 
1994         // Mask output e-vec
1995         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorPointwiseMult(e_vec, active_e_vec_in, e_vec));
1996 
1997         // Restrict
1998         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionApply(elem_rstr, CEED_TRANSPOSE, e_vec, assembled, request));
1999         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&elem_rstr));
2000 
2001         // Reset q_vec for
2002         if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE) {
2003           CeedScalar *e_vec_array;
2004 
2005           CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayWrite(e_vec, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &e_vec_array));
2006           CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetArray(q_vec, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, CEED_USE_POINTER, e_vec_array));
2007         }
2008       }
2009 
2010       // Reset vec
2011       if (s == e_vec_size - 1 && i != num_input_fields - 1) CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValue(q_vec, 0.0));
2012     }
2013   }
2014 
2015   // Restore CEED_EVAL_NONE
2016   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
2017     CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
2018 
2019     // Get eval_mode
2020     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
2021 
2022     // Restore evec
2023     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
2024     if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE) {
2025       CeedScalar *e_vec_array;
2026 
2027       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorTakeArray(impl->q_vecs_in[i], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &e_vec_array));
2028       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArray(impl->e_vecs_in[i], &e_vec_array));
2029     }
2030   }
2031 
2032   // Restore input arrays
2033   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
2034     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorInputRestore_Hip(op_input_fields[i], qf_input_fields[i], i, NULL, NULL, true, impl));
2035   }
2036 
2037   // Restore work vector
2038   CeedCallBackend(CeedRestoreWorkVector(ceed, &active_e_vec_in));
2039   CeedCallBackend(CeedRestoreWorkVector(ceed, &active_e_vec_out));
2040   CeedCallBackend(CeedDestroy(&ceed));
2041   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
2042 }
2043 
2044 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2045 // Create operator
2046 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2047 int CeedOperatorCreate_Hip(CeedOperator op) {
2048   Ceed              ceed;
2049   CeedOperator_Hip *impl;
2050 
2051   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
2052   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(1, &impl));
2053   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetData(op, impl));
2054 
2055   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "LinearAssembleQFunction", CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunction_Hip));
2056   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "LinearAssembleQFunctionUpdate", CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionUpdate_Hip));
2057   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "LinearAssembleAddDiagonal", CeedOperatorLinearAssembleAddDiagonal_Hip));
2058   CeedCallBackend(
2059       CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "LinearAssembleAddPointBlockDiagonal", CeedOperatorLinearAssembleAddPointBlockDiagonal_Hip));
2060   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "LinearAssembleSingle", CeedSingleOperatorAssemble_Hip));
2061   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "ApplyAdd", CeedOperatorApplyAdd_Hip));
2062   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "Destroy", CeedOperatorDestroy_Hip));
2063   CeedCallBackend(CeedDestroy(&ceed));
2064   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
2065 }
2066 
2067 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2068 // Create operator AtPoints
2069 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2070 int CeedOperatorCreateAtPoints_Hip(CeedOperator op) {
2071   Ceed              ceed;
2072   CeedOperator_Hip *impl;
2073 
2074   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
2075   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(1, &impl));
2076   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetData(op, impl));
2077 
2078   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "LinearAssembleQFunction", CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionAtPoints_Hip));
2079   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "LinearAssembleAddDiagonal", CeedOperatorLinearAssembleAddDiagonalAtPoints_Hip));
2080   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "ApplyAdd", CeedOperatorApplyAddAtPoints_Hip));
2081   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "Destroy", CeedOperatorDestroy_Hip));
2082   CeedCallBackend(CeedDestroy(&ceed));
2083   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
2084 }
2085 
2086 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2087