xref: /libCEED/backends/hip-ref/ceed-hip-ref-operator.c (revision aa72de07106562bbc82cc6511afb18f45fe8145b)
1 // Copyright (c) 2017-2024, Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC and other CEED contributors.
2 // All Rights Reserved. See the top-level LICENSE and NOTICE files for details.
3 //
4 // SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
5 //
6 // This file is part of CEED:  http://github.com/ceed
7 
8 #include <ceed.h>
9 #include <ceed/backend.h>
10 #include <ceed/jit-tools.h>
11 #include <assert.h>
12 #include <stdbool.h>
13 #include <string.h>
14 #include <hip/hip_runtime.h>
15 
16 #include "../hip/ceed-hip-common.h"
17 #include "../hip/ceed-hip-compile.h"
18 #include "ceed-hip-ref.h"
19 
20 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
21 // Destroy operator
22 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
23 static int CeedOperatorDestroy_Hip(CeedOperator op) {
24   CeedOperator_Hip *impl;
25 
26   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
27 
28   // Apply data
29   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < impl->num_inputs + impl->num_outputs; i++) {
30     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&impl->e_vecs[i]));
31   }
32   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->e_vecs));
33   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->input_states));
34 
35   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < impl->num_inputs; i++) {
36     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&impl->q_vecs_in[i]));
37   }
38   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->q_vecs_in));
39 
40   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < impl->num_outputs; i++) {
41     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&impl->q_vecs_out[i]));
42   }
43   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->q_vecs_out));
44   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&impl->point_coords_elem));
45 
46   // QFunction assembly data
47   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < impl->num_active_in; i++) {
48     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&impl->qf_active_in[i]));
49   }
50   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->qf_active_in));
51 
52   // Diag data
53   if (impl->diag) {
54     Ceed ceed;
55 
56     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
57     if (impl->diag->module) {
58       CeedCallHip(ceed, hipModuleUnload(impl->diag->module));
59     }
60     if (impl->diag->module_point_block) {
61       CeedCallHip(ceed, hipModuleUnload(impl->diag->module_point_block));
62     }
63     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_eval_modes_in));
64     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_eval_modes_out));
65     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_identity));
66     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_interp_in));
67     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_interp_out));
68     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_grad_in));
69     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_grad_out));
70     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_div_in));
71     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_div_out));
72     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_curl_in));
73     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_curl_out));
74     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&impl->diag->diag_rstr));
75     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&impl->diag->point_block_diag_rstr));
76     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&impl->diag->elem_diag));
77     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&impl->diag->point_block_elem_diag));
78   }
79   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->diag));
80 
81   if (impl->asmb) {
82     Ceed ceed;
83 
84     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
85     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipModuleUnload(impl->asmb->module));
86     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->asmb->d_B_in));
87     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->asmb->d_B_out));
88   }
89   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->asmb));
90 
91   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl));
92   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
93 }
94 
95 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
96 // Setup infields or outfields
97 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
98 static int CeedOperatorSetupFields_Hip(CeedQFunction qf, CeedOperator op, bool is_input, bool is_at_points, CeedVector *e_vecs, CeedVector *q_vecs,
99                                        CeedInt start_e, CeedInt num_fields, CeedInt Q, CeedInt num_elem) {
100   Ceed                ceed;
101   CeedQFunctionField *qf_fields;
102   CeedOperatorField  *op_fields;
103 
104   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
105   if (is_input) {
106     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, NULL, &op_fields, NULL, NULL));
107     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_fields, NULL, NULL));
108   } else {
109     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, NULL, NULL, NULL, &op_fields));
110     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, NULL, NULL, &qf_fields));
111   }
112 
113   // Loop over fields
114   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_fields; i++) {
115     bool         is_strided = false, skip_restriction = false;
116     CeedSize     q_size;
117     CeedInt      size;
118     CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
119     CeedBasis    basis;
120 
121     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_fields[i], &eval_mode));
122     if (eval_mode != CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) {
123       CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
124 
125       // Check whether this field can skip the element restriction:
126       // Must be passive input, with eval_mode NONE, and have a strided restriction with CEED_STRIDES_BACKEND.
127       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
128 
129       // First, check whether the field is input or output:
130       if (is_input) {
131         CeedVector vec;
132 
133         // Check for passive input
134         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_fields[i], &vec));
135         if (vec != CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
136           // Check eval_mode
137           if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE) {
138             // Check for strided restriction
139             CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionIsStrided(elem_rstr, &is_strided));
140             if (is_strided) {
141               // Check if vector is already in preferred backend ordering
142               CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionHasBackendStrides(elem_rstr, &skip_restriction));
143             }
144           }
145         }
146       }
147       if (skip_restriction) {
148         // We do not need an E-Vector, but will use the input field vector's data directly in the operator application.
149         e_vecs[i + start_e] = NULL;
150       } else {
151         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionCreateVector(elem_rstr, NULL, &e_vecs[i + start_e]));
152       }
153     }
154 
155     switch (eval_mode) {
156       case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
157         CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetSize(qf_fields[i], &size));
158         q_size = (CeedSize)num_elem * Q * size;
159         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorCreate(ceed, q_size, &q_vecs[i]));
160         break;
161       case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
162       case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
163       case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
164       case CEED_EVAL_CURL:
165         CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetSize(qf_fields[i], &size));
166         q_size = (CeedSize)num_elem * Q * size;
167         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorCreate(ceed, q_size, &q_vecs[i]));
168         break;
169       case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT:  // Only on input fields
170         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_fields[i], &basis));
171         q_size = (CeedSize)num_elem * Q;
172         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorCreate(ceed, q_size, &q_vecs[i]));
173         if (is_at_points) {
174           CeedInt num_points[num_elem];
175 
176           for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_elem; i++) num_points[i] = Q;
177           CeedCallBackend(
178               CeedBasisApplyAtPoints(basis, num_elem, num_points, CEED_NOTRANSPOSE, CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT, CEED_VECTOR_NONE, CEED_VECTOR_NONE, q_vecs[i]));
179         } else {
180           CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisApply(basis, num_elem, CEED_NOTRANSPOSE, CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT, CEED_VECTOR_NONE, q_vecs[i]));
181         }
182         break;
183     }
184   }
185   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
186 }
187 
188 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
189 // CeedOperator needs to connect all the named fields (be they active or passive) to the named inputs and outputs of its CeedQFunction.
190 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
191 static int CeedOperatorSetup_Hip(CeedOperator op) {
192   Ceed                ceed;
193   bool                is_setup_done;
194   CeedInt             Q, num_elem, num_input_fields, num_output_fields;
195   CeedQFunctionField *qf_input_fields, *qf_output_fields;
196   CeedQFunction       qf;
197   CeedOperatorField  *op_input_fields, *op_output_fields;
198   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
199 
200   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorIsSetupDone(op, &is_setup_done));
201   if (is_setup_done) return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
202 
203   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
204   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
205   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
206   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumQuadraturePoints(op, &Q));
207   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumElements(op, &num_elem));
208   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, &num_input_fields, &op_input_fields, &num_output_fields, &op_output_fields));
209   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_input_fields, NULL, &qf_output_fields));
210 
211   // Allocate
212   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_input_fields + num_output_fields, &impl->e_vecs));
213   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(CEED_FIELD_MAX, &impl->input_states));
214   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(CEED_FIELD_MAX, &impl->q_vecs_in));
215   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(CEED_FIELD_MAX, &impl->q_vecs_out));
216   impl->num_inputs  = num_input_fields;
217   impl->num_outputs = num_output_fields;
218 
219   // Set up infield and outfield e_vecs and q_vecs
220   // Infields
221   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetupFields_Hip(qf, op, true, false, impl->e_vecs, impl->q_vecs_in, 0, num_input_fields, Q, num_elem));
222   // Outfields
223   CeedCallBackend(
224       CeedOperatorSetupFields_Hip(qf, op, false, false, impl->e_vecs, impl->q_vecs_out, num_input_fields, num_output_fields, Q, num_elem));
225 
226   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetSetupDone(op));
227   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
228 }
229 
230 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
231 // Setup Operator Inputs
232 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
233 static inline int CeedOperatorSetupInputs_Hip(CeedInt num_input_fields, CeedQFunctionField *qf_input_fields, CeedOperatorField *op_input_fields,
234                                               CeedVector in_vec, const bool skip_active, CeedScalar *e_data[2 * CEED_FIELD_MAX],
235                                               CeedOperator_Hip *impl, CeedRequest *request) {
236   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
237     CeedEvalMode        eval_mode;
238     CeedVector          vec;
239     CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
240 
241     // Get input vector
242     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_fields[i], &vec));
243     if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
244       if (skip_active) continue;
245       else vec = in_vec;
246     }
247 
248     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_input_fields[i], &eval_mode));
249     if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) {  // Skip
250     } else {
251       // Get input vector
252       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_fields[i], &vec));
253       // Get input element restriction
254       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_input_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
255       if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) vec = in_vec;
256       // Restrict, if necessary
257       if (!impl->e_vecs[i]) {
258         // No restriction for this field; read data directly from vec.
259         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayRead(vec, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, (const CeedScalar **)&e_data[i]));
260       } else {
261         uint64_t state;
262 
263         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetState(vec, &state));
264         if (state != impl->input_states[i]) {
265           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionApply(elem_rstr, CEED_NOTRANSPOSE, vec, impl->e_vecs[i], request));
266           impl->input_states[i] = state;
267         }
268         // Get evec
269         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayRead(impl->e_vecs[i], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, (const CeedScalar **)&e_data[i]));
270       }
271     }
272   }
273   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
274 }
275 
276 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
277 // Input Basis Action
278 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
279 static inline int CeedOperatorInputBasis_Hip(CeedInt num_elem, CeedQFunctionField *qf_input_fields, CeedOperatorField *op_input_fields,
280                                              CeedInt num_input_fields, const bool skip_active, CeedScalar *e_data[2 * CEED_FIELD_MAX],
281                                              CeedOperator_Hip *impl) {
282   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
283     CeedInt             elem_size, size;
284     CeedEvalMode        eval_mode;
285     CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
286     CeedBasis           basis;
287 
288     // Skip active input
289     if (skip_active) {
290       CeedVector vec;
291 
292       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_fields[i], &vec));
293       if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) continue;
294     }
295     // Get elem_size, eval_mode, size
296     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_input_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
297     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(elem_rstr, &elem_size));
298     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_input_fields[i], &eval_mode));
299     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetSize(qf_input_fields[i], &size));
300     // Basis action
301     switch (eval_mode) {
302       case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
303         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetArray(impl->q_vecs_in[i], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, CEED_USE_POINTER, e_data[i]));
304         break;
305       case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
306       case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
307       case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
308       case CEED_EVAL_CURL:
309         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_input_fields[i], &basis));
310         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisApply(basis, num_elem, CEED_NOTRANSPOSE, eval_mode, impl->e_vecs[i], impl->q_vecs_in[i]));
311         break;
312       case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT:
313         break;  // No action
314     }
315   }
316   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
317 }
318 
319 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
320 // Restore Input Vectors
321 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
322 static inline int CeedOperatorRestoreInputs_Hip(CeedInt num_input_fields, CeedQFunctionField *qf_input_fields, CeedOperatorField *op_input_fields,
323                                                 const bool skip_active, CeedScalar *e_data[2 * CEED_FIELD_MAX], CeedOperator_Hip *impl) {
324   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
325     CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
326     CeedVector   vec;
327 
328     // Skip active input
329     if (skip_active) {
330       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_fields[i], &vec));
331       if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) continue;
332     }
333     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_input_fields[i], &eval_mode));
334     if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) {  // Skip
335     } else {
336       if (!impl->e_vecs[i]) {  // This was a skip_restriction case
337         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_fields[i], &vec));
338         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArrayRead(vec, (const CeedScalar **)&e_data[i]));
339       } else {
340         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArrayRead(impl->e_vecs[i], (const CeedScalar **)&e_data[i]));
341       }
342     }
343   }
344   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
345 }
346 
347 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
348 // Apply and add to output
349 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
350 static int CeedOperatorApplyAdd_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedVector in_vec, CeedVector out_vec, CeedRequest *request) {
351   CeedInt             Q, num_elem, elem_size, num_input_fields, num_output_fields, size;
352   CeedScalar         *e_data[2 * CEED_FIELD_MAX] = {NULL};
353   CeedQFunctionField *qf_input_fields, *qf_output_fields;
354   CeedQFunction       qf;
355   CeedOperatorField  *op_input_fields, *op_output_fields;
356   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
357 
358   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
359   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
360   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumQuadraturePoints(op, &Q));
361   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumElements(op, &num_elem));
362   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, &num_input_fields, &op_input_fields, &num_output_fields, &op_output_fields));
363   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_input_fields, NULL, &qf_output_fields));
364 
365   // Setup
366   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetup_Hip(op));
367 
368   // Input Evecs and Restriction
369   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetupInputs_Hip(num_input_fields, qf_input_fields, op_input_fields, in_vec, false, e_data, impl, request));
370 
371   // Input basis apply if needed
372   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorInputBasis_Hip(num_elem, qf_input_fields, op_input_fields, num_input_fields, false, e_data, impl));
373 
374   // Output pointers, as necessary
375   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
376     CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
377 
378     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
379     if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE) {
380       // Set the output Q-Vector to use the E-Vector data directly.
381       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayWrite(impl->e_vecs[i + impl->num_inputs], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &e_data[i + num_input_fields]));
382       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetArray(impl->q_vecs_out[i], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, CEED_USE_POINTER, e_data[i + num_input_fields]));
383     }
384   }
385 
386   // Q function
387   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionApply(qf, num_elem * Q, impl->q_vecs_in, impl->q_vecs_out));
388 
389   // Output basis apply if needed
390   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
391     CeedEvalMode        eval_mode;
392     CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
393     CeedBasis           basis;
394 
395     // Get elem_size, eval_mode, size
396     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_output_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
397     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(elem_rstr, &elem_size));
398     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
399     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetSize(qf_output_fields[i], &size));
400     // Basis action
401     switch (eval_mode) {
402       case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
403         break;  // No action
404       case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
405       case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
406       case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
407       case CEED_EVAL_CURL:
408         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_output_fields[i], &basis));
409         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisApply(basis, num_elem, CEED_TRANSPOSE, eval_mode, impl->q_vecs_out[i], impl->e_vecs[i + impl->num_inputs]));
410         break;
411       // LCOV_EXCL_START
412       case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT: {
413         return CeedError(CeedOperatorReturnCeed(op), CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT cannot be an output evaluation mode");
414         // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
415       }
416     }
417   }
418 
419   // Output restriction
420   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
421     CeedEvalMode        eval_mode;
422     CeedVector          vec;
423     CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
424 
425     // Restore evec
426     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
427     if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE) {
428       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArray(impl->e_vecs[i + impl->num_inputs], &e_data[i + num_input_fields]));
429     }
430     // Get output vector
431     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_output_fields[i], &vec));
432     // Restrict
433     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_output_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
434     // Active
435     if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) vec = out_vec;
436 
437     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionApply(elem_rstr, CEED_TRANSPOSE, impl->e_vecs[i + impl->num_inputs], vec, request));
438   }
439 
440   // Restore input arrays
441   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorRestoreInputs_Hip(num_input_fields, qf_input_fields, op_input_fields, false, e_data, impl));
442   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
443 }
444 
445 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
446 // CeedOperator needs to connect all the named fields (be they active or passive) to the named inputs and outputs of its CeedQFunction.
447 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
448 static int CeedOperatorSetupAtPoints_Hip(CeedOperator op) {
449   Ceed                ceed;
450   bool                is_setup_done;
451   CeedInt             max_num_points = -1, num_elem, num_input_fields, num_output_fields;
452   CeedQFunctionField *qf_input_fields, *qf_output_fields;
453   CeedQFunction       qf;
454   CeedOperatorField  *op_input_fields, *op_output_fields;
455   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
456 
457   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorIsSetupDone(op, &is_setup_done));
458   if (is_setup_done) return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
459 
460   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
461   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
462   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
463   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumElements(op, &num_elem));
464   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, &num_input_fields, &op_input_fields, &num_output_fields, &op_output_fields));
465   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_input_fields, NULL, &qf_output_fields));
466   {
467     CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr = NULL;
468 
469     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorAtPointsGetPoints(op, &elem_rstr, NULL));
470     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetMaxPointsInElement(elem_rstr, &max_num_points));
471   }
472   impl->max_num_points = max_num_points;
473 
474   // Allocate
475   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_input_fields + num_output_fields, &impl->e_vecs));
476   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(CEED_FIELD_MAX, &impl->input_states));
477   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(CEED_FIELD_MAX, &impl->q_vecs_in));
478   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(CEED_FIELD_MAX, &impl->q_vecs_out));
479   impl->num_inputs  = num_input_fields;
480   impl->num_outputs = num_output_fields;
481 
482   // Set up infield and outfield e_vecs and q_vecs
483   // Infields
484   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetupFields_Hip(qf, op, true, true, impl->e_vecs, impl->q_vecs_in, 0, num_input_fields, max_num_points, num_elem));
485   // Outfields
486   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetupFields_Hip(qf, op, false, true, impl->e_vecs, impl->q_vecs_out, num_input_fields, num_output_fields,
487                                               max_num_points, num_elem));
488 
489   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetSetupDone(op));
490   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
491 }
492 
493 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
494 // Input Basis Action AtPoints
495 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
496 static inline int CeedOperatorInputBasisAtPoints_Hip(CeedInt num_elem, const CeedInt *num_points, CeedQFunctionField *qf_input_fields,
497                                                      CeedOperatorField *op_input_fields, CeedInt num_input_fields, const bool skip_active,
498                                                      CeedScalar *e_data[2 * CEED_FIELD_MAX], CeedOperator_Hip *impl) {
499   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
500     CeedInt             elem_size, size;
501     CeedEvalMode        eval_mode;
502     CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
503     CeedBasis           basis;
504 
505     // Skip active input
506     if (skip_active) {
507       CeedVector vec;
508 
509       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_fields[i], &vec));
510       if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) continue;
511     }
512     // Get elem_size, eval_mode, size
513     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_input_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
514     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(elem_rstr, &elem_size));
515     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_input_fields[i], &eval_mode));
516     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetSize(qf_input_fields[i], &size));
517     // Basis action
518     switch (eval_mode) {
519       case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
520         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetArray(impl->q_vecs_in[i], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, CEED_USE_POINTER, e_data[i]));
521         break;
522       case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
523       case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
524       case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
525       case CEED_EVAL_CURL:
526         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_input_fields[i], &basis));
527         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisApplyAtPoints(basis, num_elem, num_points, CEED_NOTRANSPOSE, eval_mode, impl->point_coords_elem, impl->e_vecs[i],
528                                                impl->q_vecs_in[i]));
529         break;
530       case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT:
531         break;  // No action
532     }
533   }
534   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
535 }
536 
537 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
538 // Apply and add to output AtPoints
539 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
540 static int CeedOperatorApplyAddAtPoints_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedVector in_vec, CeedVector out_vec, CeedRequest *request) {
541   CeedInt             max_num_points, num_elem, elem_size, num_input_fields, num_output_fields, size;
542   CeedScalar         *e_data[2 * CEED_FIELD_MAX] = {NULL};
543   CeedQFunctionField *qf_input_fields, *qf_output_fields;
544   CeedQFunction       qf;
545   CeedOperatorField  *op_input_fields, *op_output_fields;
546   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
547 
548   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
549   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
550   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumElements(op, &num_elem));
551   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, &num_input_fields, &op_input_fields, &num_output_fields, &op_output_fields));
552   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_input_fields, NULL, &qf_output_fields));
553   CeedInt num_points[num_elem];
554 
555   // Setup
556   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetupAtPoints_Hip(op));
557   max_num_points = impl->max_num_points;
558   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_elem; i++) num_points[i] = max_num_points;
559 
560   // Input Evecs and Restriction
561   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetupInputs_Hip(num_input_fields, qf_input_fields, op_input_fields, in_vec, false, e_data, impl, request));
562 
563   // Get point coordinates
564   if (!impl->point_coords_elem) {
565     CeedVector          point_coords = NULL;
566     CeedElemRestriction rstr_points  = NULL;
567 
568     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorAtPointsGetPoints(op, &rstr_points, &point_coords));
569     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionCreateVector(rstr_points, NULL, &impl->point_coords_elem));
570     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionApply(rstr_points, CEED_NOTRANSPOSE, point_coords, impl->point_coords_elem, request));
571   }
572 
573   // Input basis apply if needed
574   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorInputBasisAtPoints_Hip(num_elem, num_points, qf_input_fields, op_input_fields, num_input_fields, false, e_data, impl));
575 
576   // Output pointers, as necessary
577   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
578     CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
579 
580     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
581     if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE) {
582       // Set the output Q-Vector to use the E-Vector data directly.
583       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayWrite(impl->e_vecs[i + impl->num_inputs], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &e_data[i + num_input_fields]));
584       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetArray(impl->q_vecs_out[i], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, CEED_USE_POINTER, e_data[i + num_input_fields]));
585     }
586   }
587 
588   // Q function
589   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionApply(qf, num_elem * max_num_points, impl->q_vecs_in, impl->q_vecs_out));
590 
591   // Output basis apply if needed
592   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
593     CeedEvalMode        eval_mode;
594     CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
595     CeedBasis           basis;
596 
597     // Get elem_size, eval_mode, size
598     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_output_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
599     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(elem_rstr, &elem_size));
600     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
601     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetSize(qf_output_fields[i], &size));
602     // Basis action
603     switch (eval_mode) {
604       case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
605         break;  // No action
606       case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
607       case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
608       case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
609       case CEED_EVAL_CURL:
610         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_output_fields[i], &basis));
611         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisApplyAtPoints(basis, num_elem, num_points, CEED_TRANSPOSE, eval_mode, impl->point_coords_elem, impl->q_vecs_out[i],
612                                                impl->e_vecs[i + impl->num_inputs]));
613         break;
614       // LCOV_EXCL_START
615       case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT: {
616         return CeedError(CeedOperatorReturnCeed(op), CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT cannot be an output evaluation mode");
617         // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
618       }
619     }
620   }
621 
622   // Output restriction
623   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
624     CeedEvalMode        eval_mode;
625     CeedVector          vec;
626     CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
627 
628     // Restore evec
629     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
630     if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE) {
631       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArray(impl->e_vecs[i + impl->num_inputs], &e_data[i + num_input_fields]));
632     }
633     // Get output vector
634     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_output_fields[i], &vec));
635     // Restrict
636     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_output_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
637     // Active
638     if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) vec = out_vec;
639 
640     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionApply(elem_rstr, CEED_TRANSPOSE, impl->e_vecs[i + impl->num_inputs], vec, request));
641   }
642 
643   // Restore input arrays
644   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorRestoreInputs_Hip(num_input_fields, qf_input_fields, op_input_fields, false, e_data, impl));
645   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
646 }
647 
648 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
649 // Linear QFunction Assembly Core
650 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
651 static inline int CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionCore_Hip(CeedOperator op, bool build_objects, CeedVector *assembled, CeedElemRestriction *rstr,
652                                                               CeedRequest *request) {
653   Ceed                ceed, ceed_parent;
654   CeedInt             num_active_in, num_active_out, Q, num_elem, num_input_fields, num_output_fields, size;
655   CeedScalar         *assembled_array, *e_data[2 * CEED_FIELD_MAX] = {NULL};
656   CeedVector         *active_inputs;
657   CeedQFunctionField *qf_input_fields, *qf_output_fields;
658   CeedQFunction       qf;
659   CeedOperatorField  *op_input_fields, *op_output_fields;
660   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
661 
662   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
663   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFallbackParentCeed(op, &ceed_parent));
664   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
665   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumQuadraturePoints(op, &Q));
666   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumElements(op, &num_elem));
667   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
668   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_input_fields, NULL, &qf_output_fields));
669   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, &num_input_fields, &op_input_fields, &num_output_fields, &op_output_fields));
670   active_inputs = impl->qf_active_in;
671   num_active_in = impl->num_active_in, num_active_out = impl->num_active_out;
672 
673   // Setup
674   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetup_Hip(op));
675 
676   // Input Evecs and Restriction
677   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetupInputs_Hip(num_input_fields, qf_input_fields, op_input_fields, NULL, true, e_data, impl, request));
678 
679   // Count number of active input fields
680   if (!num_active_in) {
681     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
682       CeedScalar *q_vec_array;
683       CeedVector  vec;
684 
685       // Get input vector
686       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_fields[i], &vec));
687       // Check if active input
688       if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
689         CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetSize(qf_input_fields[i], &size));
690         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValue(impl->q_vecs_in[i], 0.0));
691         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArray(impl->q_vecs_in[i], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &q_vec_array));
692         CeedCallBackend(CeedRealloc(num_active_in + size, &active_inputs));
693         for (CeedInt field = 0; field < size; field++) {
694           CeedSize q_size = (CeedSize)Q * num_elem;
695 
696           CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorCreate(ceed, q_size, &active_inputs[num_active_in + field]));
697           CeedCallBackend(
698               CeedVectorSetArray(active_inputs[num_active_in + field], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, CEED_USE_POINTER, &q_vec_array[field * Q * num_elem]));
699         }
700         num_active_in += size;
701         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArray(impl->q_vecs_in[i], &q_vec_array));
702       }
703     }
704     impl->num_active_in = num_active_in;
705     impl->qf_active_in  = active_inputs;
706   }
707 
708   // Count number of active output fields
709   if (!num_active_out) {
710     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
711       CeedVector vec;
712 
713       // Get output vector
714       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_output_fields[i], &vec));
715       // Check if active output
716       if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
717         CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetSize(qf_output_fields[i], &size));
718         num_active_out += size;
719       }
720     }
721     impl->num_active_out = num_active_out;
722   }
723 
724   // Check sizes
725   CeedCheck(num_active_in > 0 && num_active_out > 0, ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "Cannot assemble QFunction without active inputs and outputs");
726 
727   // Build objects if needed
728   if (build_objects) {
729     CeedSize l_size     = (CeedSize)num_elem * Q * num_active_in * num_active_out;
730     CeedInt  strides[3] = {1, num_elem * Q, Q}; /* *NOPAD* */
731 
732     // Create output restriction
733     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionCreateStrided(ceed_parent, num_elem, Q, num_active_in * num_active_out,
734                                                      num_active_in * num_active_out * num_elem * Q, strides, rstr));
735     // Create assembled vector
736     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorCreate(ceed_parent, l_size, assembled));
737   }
738   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValue(*assembled, 0.0));
739   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArray(*assembled, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &assembled_array));
740 
741   // Input basis apply
742   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorInputBasis_Hip(num_elem, qf_input_fields, op_input_fields, num_input_fields, true, e_data, impl));
743 
744   // Assemble QFunction
745   for (CeedInt in = 0; in < num_active_in; in++) {
746     // Set Inputs
747     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValue(active_inputs[in], 1.0));
748     if (num_active_in > 1) {
749       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValue(active_inputs[(in + num_active_in - 1) % num_active_in], 0.0));
750     }
751     // Set Outputs
752     for (CeedInt out = 0; out < num_output_fields; out++) {
753       CeedVector vec;
754 
755       // Get output vector
756       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_output_fields[out], &vec));
757       // Check if active output
758       if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
759         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetArray(impl->q_vecs_out[out], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, CEED_USE_POINTER, assembled_array));
760         CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetSize(qf_output_fields[out], &size));
761         assembled_array += size * Q * num_elem;  // Advance the pointer by the size of the output
762       }
763     }
764     // Apply QFunction
765     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionApply(qf, Q * num_elem, impl->q_vecs_in, impl->q_vecs_out));
766   }
767 
768   // Un-set output q_vecs to prevent accidental overwrite of Assembled
769   for (CeedInt out = 0; out < num_output_fields; out++) {
770     CeedVector vec;
771 
772     // Get output vector
773     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_output_fields[out], &vec));
774     // Check if active output
775     if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
776       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorTakeArray(impl->q_vecs_out[out], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, NULL));
777     }
778   }
779 
780   // Restore input arrays
781   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorRestoreInputs_Hip(num_input_fields, qf_input_fields, op_input_fields, true, e_data, impl));
782 
783   // Restore output
784   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArray(*assembled, &assembled_array));
785   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
786 }
787 
788 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
789 // Assemble Linear QFunction
790 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
791 static int CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunction_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedVector *assembled, CeedElemRestriction *rstr, CeedRequest *request) {
792   return CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionCore_Hip(op, true, assembled, rstr, request);
793 }
794 
795 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
796 // Update Assembled Linear QFunction
797 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
798 static int CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionUpdate_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedVector assembled, CeedElemRestriction rstr, CeedRequest *request) {
799   return CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionCore_Hip(op, false, &assembled, &rstr, request);
800 }
801 
802 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
803 // Assemble Diagonal Setup
804 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
805 static inline int CeedOperatorAssembleDiagonalSetup_Hip(CeedOperator op) {
806   Ceed                ceed;
807   CeedInt             num_input_fields, num_output_fields, num_eval_modes_in = 0, num_eval_modes_out = 0;
808   CeedInt             q_comp, num_nodes, num_qpts;
809   CeedEvalMode       *eval_modes_in = NULL, *eval_modes_out = NULL;
810   CeedBasis           basis_in = NULL, basis_out = NULL;
811   CeedQFunctionField *qf_fields;
812   CeedQFunction       qf;
813   CeedOperatorField  *op_fields;
814   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
815 
816   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
817   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
818   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetNumArgs(qf, &num_input_fields, &num_output_fields));
819 
820   // Determine active input basis
821   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, NULL, &op_fields, NULL, NULL));
822   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_fields, NULL, NULL));
823   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
824     CeedVector vec;
825 
826     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_fields[i], &vec));
827     if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
828       CeedBasis    basis;
829       CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
830 
831       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_fields[i], &basis));
832       CeedCheck(!basis_in || basis_in == basis, ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND,
833                 "Backend does not implement operator diagonal assembly with multiple active bases");
834       basis_in = basis;
835       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_fields[i], &eval_mode));
836       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis_in, eval_mode, &q_comp));
837       if (eval_mode != CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) {
838         // q_comp = 1 if CEED_EVAL_NONE, CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT caught by QF assembly
839         CeedCallBackend(CeedRealloc(num_eval_modes_in + q_comp, &eval_modes_in));
840         for (CeedInt d = 0; d < q_comp; d++) eval_modes_in[num_eval_modes_in + d] = eval_mode;
841         num_eval_modes_in += q_comp;
842       }
843     }
844   }
845 
846   // Determine active output basis
847   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, NULL, NULL, NULL, &op_fields));
848   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, NULL, NULL, &qf_fields));
849   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
850     CeedVector vec;
851 
852     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_fields[i], &vec));
853     if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
854       CeedBasis    basis;
855       CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
856 
857       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_fields[i], &basis));
858       CeedCheck(!basis_out || basis_out == basis, ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND,
859                 "Backend does not implement operator diagonal assembly with multiple active bases");
860       basis_out = basis;
861       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_fields[i], &eval_mode));
862       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis_out, eval_mode, &q_comp));
863       if (eval_mode != CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) {
864         // q_comp = 1 if CEED_EVAL_NONE, CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT caught by QF assembly
865         CeedCallBackend(CeedRealloc(num_eval_modes_out + q_comp, &eval_modes_out));
866         for (CeedInt d = 0; d < q_comp; d++) eval_modes_out[num_eval_modes_out + d] = eval_mode;
867         num_eval_modes_out += q_comp;
868       }
869     }
870   }
871 
872   // Operator data struct
873   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
874   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(1, &impl->diag));
875   CeedOperatorDiag_Hip *diag = impl->diag;
876 
877   // Basis matrices
878   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumNodes(basis_in, &num_nodes));
879   if (basis_in == CEED_BASIS_NONE) num_qpts = num_nodes;
880   else CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadraturePoints(basis_in, &num_qpts));
881   const CeedInt interp_bytes     = num_nodes * num_qpts * sizeof(CeedScalar);
882   const CeedInt eval_modes_bytes = sizeof(CeedEvalMode);
883   bool          has_eval_none    = false;
884 
885   // CEED_EVAL_NONE
886   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_eval_modes_in; i++) has_eval_none = has_eval_none || (eval_modes_in[i] == CEED_EVAL_NONE);
887   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_eval_modes_out; i++) has_eval_none = has_eval_none || (eval_modes_out[i] == CEED_EVAL_NONE);
888   if (has_eval_none) {
889     CeedScalar *identity = NULL;
890 
891     CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_nodes * num_qpts, &identity));
892     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < (num_nodes < num_qpts ? num_nodes : num_qpts); i++) identity[i * num_nodes + i] = 1.0;
893     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&diag->d_identity, interp_bytes));
894     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(diag->d_identity, identity, interp_bytes, hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
895     CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&identity));
896   }
897 
898   // CEED_EVAL_INTERP, CEED_EVAL_GRAD, CEED_EVAL_DIV, and CEED_EVAL_CURL
899   for (CeedInt in = 0; in < 2; in++) {
900     CeedFESpace fespace;
901     CeedBasis   basis = in ? basis_in : basis_out;
902 
903     CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetFESpace(basis, &fespace));
904     switch (fespace) {
905       case CEED_FE_SPACE_H1: {
906         CeedInt           q_comp_interp, q_comp_grad;
907         const CeedScalar *interp, *grad;
908         CeedScalar       *d_interp, *d_grad;
909 
910         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis, CEED_EVAL_INTERP, &q_comp_interp));
911         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis, CEED_EVAL_GRAD, &q_comp_grad));
912 
913         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetInterp(basis, &interp));
914         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&d_interp, interp_bytes * q_comp_interp));
915         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(d_interp, interp, interp_bytes * q_comp_interp, hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
916         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetGrad(basis, &grad));
917         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&d_grad, interp_bytes * q_comp_grad));
918         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(d_grad, grad, interp_bytes * q_comp_grad, hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
919         if (in) {
920           diag->d_interp_in = d_interp;
921           diag->d_grad_in   = d_grad;
922         } else {
923           diag->d_interp_out = d_interp;
924           diag->d_grad_out   = d_grad;
925         }
926       } break;
927       case CEED_FE_SPACE_HDIV: {
928         CeedInt           q_comp_interp, q_comp_div;
929         const CeedScalar *interp, *div;
930         CeedScalar       *d_interp, *d_div;
931 
932         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis, CEED_EVAL_INTERP, &q_comp_interp));
933         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis, CEED_EVAL_DIV, &q_comp_div));
934 
935         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetInterp(basis, &interp));
936         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&d_interp, interp_bytes * q_comp_interp));
937         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(d_interp, interp, interp_bytes * q_comp_interp, hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
938         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetDiv(basis, &div));
939         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&d_div, interp_bytes * q_comp_div));
940         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(d_div, div, interp_bytes * q_comp_div, hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
941         if (in) {
942           diag->d_interp_in = d_interp;
943           diag->d_div_in    = d_div;
944         } else {
945           diag->d_interp_out = d_interp;
946           diag->d_div_out    = d_div;
947         }
948       } break;
949       case CEED_FE_SPACE_HCURL: {
950         CeedInt           q_comp_interp, q_comp_curl;
951         const CeedScalar *interp, *curl;
952         CeedScalar       *d_interp, *d_curl;
953 
954         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis, CEED_EVAL_INTERP, &q_comp_interp));
955         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis, CEED_EVAL_CURL, &q_comp_curl));
956 
957         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetInterp(basis, &interp));
958         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&d_interp, interp_bytes * q_comp_interp));
959         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(d_interp, interp, interp_bytes * q_comp_interp, hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
960         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetCurl(basis, &curl));
961         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&d_curl, interp_bytes * q_comp_curl));
962         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(d_curl, curl, interp_bytes * q_comp_curl, hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
963         if (in) {
964           diag->d_interp_in = d_interp;
965           diag->d_curl_in   = d_curl;
966         } else {
967           diag->d_interp_out = d_interp;
968           diag->d_curl_out   = d_curl;
969         }
970       } break;
971     }
972   }
973 
974   // Arrays of eval_modes
975   CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&diag->d_eval_modes_in, num_eval_modes_in * eval_modes_bytes));
976   CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(diag->d_eval_modes_in, eval_modes_in, num_eval_modes_in * eval_modes_bytes, hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
977   CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&diag->d_eval_modes_out, num_eval_modes_out * eval_modes_bytes));
978   CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(diag->d_eval_modes_out, eval_modes_out, num_eval_modes_out * eval_modes_bytes, hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
979   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&eval_modes_in));
980   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&eval_modes_out));
981   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
982 }
983 
984 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
985 // Assemble Diagonal Setup (Compilation)
986 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
987 static inline int CeedOperatorAssembleDiagonalSetupCompile_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedInt use_ceedsize_idx, const bool is_point_block) {
988   Ceed                ceed;
989   char               *diagonal_kernel_source;
990   const char         *diagonal_kernel_path;
991   CeedInt             num_input_fields, num_output_fields, num_eval_modes_in = 0, num_eval_modes_out = 0;
992   CeedInt             num_comp, q_comp, num_nodes, num_qpts;
993   CeedBasis           basis_in = NULL, basis_out = NULL;
994   CeedQFunctionField *qf_fields;
995   CeedQFunction       qf;
996   CeedOperatorField  *op_fields;
997   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
998 
999   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
1000   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
1001   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetNumArgs(qf, &num_input_fields, &num_output_fields));
1002 
1003   // Determine active input basis
1004   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, NULL, &op_fields, NULL, NULL));
1005   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_fields, NULL, NULL));
1006   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
1007     CeedVector vec;
1008 
1009     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_fields[i], &vec));
1010     if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
1011       CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
1012 
1013       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_fields[i], &basis_in));
1014       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_fields[i], &eval_mode));
1015       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis_in, eval_mode, &q_comp));
1016       if (eval_mode != CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) {
1017         num_eval_modes_in += q_comp;
1018       }
1019     }
1020   }
1021 
1022   // Determine active output basis
1023   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, NULL, NULL, NULL, &op_fields));
1024   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, NULL, NULL, &qf_fields));
1025   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
1026     CeedVector vec;
1027 
1028     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_fields[i], &vec));
1029     if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
1030       CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
1031 
1032       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_fields[i], &basis_out));
1033       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_fields[i], &eval_mode));
1034       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis_out, eval_mode, &q_comp));
1035       if (eval_mode != CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) {
1036         num_eval_modes_out += q_comp;
1037       }
1038     }
1039   }
1040 
1041   // Operator data struct
1042   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
1043   CeedOperatorDiag_Hip *diag = impl->diag;
1044 
1045   // Assemble kernel
1046   hipModule_t *module          = is_point_block ? &diag->module_point_block : &diag->module;
1047   CeedInt      elems_per_block = 1;
1048   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumNodes(basis_in, &num_nodes));
1049   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumComponents(basis_in, &num_comp));
1050   if (basis_in == CEED_BASIS_NONE) num_qpts = num_nodes;
1051   else CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadraturePoints(basis_in, &num_qpts));
1052   CeedCallBackend(CeedGetJitAbsolutePath(ceed, "ceed/jit-source/hip/hip-ref-operator-assemble-diagonal.h", &diagonal_kernel_path));
1053   CeedDebug256(ceed, CEED_DEBUG_COLOR_SUCCESS, "----- Loading Diagonal Assembly Kernel Source -----\n");
1054   CeedCallBackend(CeedLoadSourceToBuffer(ceed, diagonal_kernel_path, &diagonal_kernel_source));
1055   CeedDebug256(ceed, CEED_DEBUG_COLOR_SUCCESS, "----- Loading Diagonal Assembly Source Complete! -----\n");
1056   CeedCallHip(ceed, CeedCompile_Hip(ceed, diagonal_kernel_source, module, 8, "NUM_EVAL_MODES_IN", num_eval_modes_in, "NUM_EVAL_MODES_OUT",
1057                                     num_eval_modes_out, "NUM_COMP", num_comp, "NUM_NODES", num_nodes, "NUM_QPTS", num_qpts, "USE_CEEDSIZE",
1058                                     use_ceedsize_idx, "USE_POINT_BLOCK", is_point_block ? 1 : 0, "BLOCK_SIZE", num_nodes * elems_per_block));
1059   CeedCallHip(ceed, CeedGetKernel_Hip(ceed, *module, "LinearDiagonal", is_point_block ? &diag->LinearPointBlock : &diag->LinearDiagonal));
1060   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&diagonal_kernel_path));
1061   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&diagonal_kernel_source));
1062   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
1063 }
1064 
1065 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1066 // Assemble Diagonal Core
1067 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1068 static inline int CeedOperatorAssembleDiagonalCore_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedVector assembled, CeedRequest *request, const bool is_point_block) {
1069   Ceed                ceed;
1070   CeedInt             num_elem, num_nodes;
1071   CeedScalar         *elem_diag_array;
1072   const CeedScalar   *assembled_qf_array;
1073   CeedVector          assembled_qf   = NULL, elem_diag;
1074   CeedElemRestriction assembled_rstr = NULL, rstr_in, rstr_out, diag_rstr;
1075   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
1076 
1077   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
1078   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
1079 
1080   // Assemble QFunction
1081   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionBuildOrUpdate(op, &assembled_qf, &assembled_rstr, request));
1082   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&assembled_rstr));
1083   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayRead(assembled_qf, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &assembled_qf_array));
1084 
1085   // Setup
1086   if (!impl->diag) CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorAssembleDiagonalSetup_Hip(op));
1087   CeedOperatorDiag_Hip *diag = impl->diag;
1088 
1089   assert(diag != NULL);
1090 
1091   // Assemble kernel if needed
1092   if ((!is_point_block && !diag->LinearDiagonal) || (is_point_block && !diag->LinearPointBlock)) {
1093     CeedSize assembled_length, assembled_qf_length;
1094     CeedInt  use_ceedsize_idx = 0;
1095     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetLength(assembled, &assembled_length));
1096     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetLength(assembled_qf, &assembled_qf_length));
1097     if ((assembled_length > INT_MAX) || (assembled_qf_length > INT_MAX)) use_ceedsize_idx = 1;
1098 
1099     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorAssembleDiagonalSetupCompile_Hip(op, use_ceedsize_idx, is_point_block));
1100   }
1101 
1102   // Restriction and diagonal vector
1103   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetActiveElemRestrictions(op, &rstr_in, &rstr_out));
1104   CeedCheck(rstr_in == rstr_out, ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND,
1105             "Cannot assemble operator diagonal with different input and output active element restrictions");
1106   if (!is_point_block && !diag->diag_rstr) {
1107     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionCreateUnsignedCopy(rstr_out, &diag->diag_rstr));
1108     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionCreateVector(diag->diag_rstr, NULL, &diag->elem_diag));
1109   } else if (is_point_block && !diag->point_block_diag_rstr) {
1110     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorCreateActivePointBlockRestriction(rstr_out, &diag->point_block_diag_rstr));
1111     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionCreateVector(diag->point_block_diag_rstr, NULL, &diag->point_block_elem_diag));
1112   }
1113   diag_rstr = is_point_block ? diag->point_block_diag_rstr : diag->diag_rstr;
1114   elem_diag = is_point_block ? diag->point_block_elem_diag : diag->elem_diag;
1115   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValue(elem_diag, 0.0));
1116 
1117   // Only assemble diagonal if the basis has nodes, otherwise inputs are null pointers
1118   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(diag_rstr, &num_nodes));
1119   if (num_nodes > 0) {
1120     // Assemble element operator diagonals
1121     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArray(elem_diag, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &elem_diag_array));
1122     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumElements(diag_rstr, &num_elem));
1123 
1124     // Compute the diagonal of B^T D B
1125     CeedInt elems_per_block = 1;
1126     CeedInt grid            = CeedDivUpInt(num_elem, elems_per_block);
1127     void   *args[]          = {(void *)&num_elem,      &diag->d_identity,       &diag->d_interp_in,  &diag->d_grad_in, &diag->d_div_in,
1128                                &diag->d_curl_in,       &diag->d_interp_out,     &diag->d_grad_out,   &diag->d_div_out, &diag->d_curl_out,
1129                                &diag->d_eval_modes_in, &diag->d_eval_modes_out, &assembled_qf_array, &elem_diag_array};
1130 
1131     if (is_point_block) {
1132       CeedCallBackend(CeedRunKernelDim_Hip(ceed, diag->LinearPointBlock, grid, num_nodes, 1, elems_per_block, args));
1133     } else {
1134       CeedCallBackend(CeedRunKernelDim_Hip(ceed, diag->LinearDiagonal, grid, num_nodes, 1, elems_per_block, args));
1135     }
1136 
1137     // Restore arrays
1138     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArray(elem_diag, &elem_diag_array));
1139     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArrayRead(assembled_qf, &assembled_qf_array));
1140   }
1141 
1142   // Assemble local operator diagonal
1143   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionApply(diag_rstr, CEED_TRANSPOSE, elem_diag, assembled, request));
1144 
1145   // Cleanup
1146   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&assembled_qf));
1147   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
1148 }
1149 
1150 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1151 // Assemble Linear Diagonal
1152 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1153 static int CeedOperatorLinearAssembleAddDiagonal_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedVector assembled, CeedRequest *request) {
1154   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorAssembleDiagonalCore_Hip(op, assembled, request, false));
1155   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
1156 }
1157 
1158 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1159 // Assemble Linear Point Block Diagonal
1160 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1161 static int CeedOperatorLinearAssembleAddPointBlockDiagonal_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedVector assembled, CeedRequest *request) {
1162   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorAssembleDiagonalCore_Hip(op, assembled, request, true));
1163   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
1164 }
1165 
1166 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1167 // Single Operator Assembly Setup
1168 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1169 static int CeedSingleOperatorAssembleSetup_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedInt use_ceedsize_idx) {
1170   Ceed                ceed;
1171   char               *assembly_kernel_source;
1172   const char         *assembly_kernel_path;
1173   CeedInt             num_input_fields, num_output_fields, num_eval_modes_in = 0, num_eval_modes_out = 0;
1174   CeedInt             elem_size_in, num_qpts_in = 0, num_comp_in, elem_size_out, num_qpts_out, num_comp_out, q_comp;
1175   CeedEvalMode       *eval_modes_in = NULL, *eval_modes_out = NULL;
1176   CeedElemRestriction rstr_in = NULL, rstr_out = NULL;
1177   CeedBasis           basis_in = NULL, basis_out = NULL;
1178   CeedQFunctionField *qf_fields;
1179   CeedQFunction       qf;
1180   CeedOperatorField  *input_fields, *output_fields;
1181   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
1182 
1183   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
1184   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
1185 
1186   // Get intput and output fields
1187   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, &num_input_fields, &input_fields, &num_output_fields, &output_fields));
1188 
1189   // Determine active input basis eval mode
1190   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
1191   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_fields, NULL, NULL));
1192   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
1193     CeedVector vec;
1194 
1195     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(input_fields[i], &vec));
1196     if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
1197       CeedBasis    basis;
1198       CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
1199 
1200       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(input_fields[i], &basis));
1201       CeedCheck(!basis_in || basis_in == basis, ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "Backend does not implement operator assembly with multiple active bases");
1202       basis_in = basis;
1203       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(input_fields[i], &rstr_in));
1204       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(rstr_in, &elem_size_in));
1205       if (basis_in == CEED_BASIS_NONE) num_qpts_in = elem_size_in;
1206       else CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadraturePoints(basis_in, &num_qpts_in));
1207       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_fields[i], &eval_mode));
1208       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis_in, eval_mode, &q_comp));
1209       if (eval_mode != CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) {
1210         // q_comp = 1 if CEED_EVAL_NONE, CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT caught by QF Assembly
1211         CeedCallBackend(CeedRealloc(num_eval_modes_in + q_comp, &eval_modes_in));
1212         for (CeedInt d = 0; d < q_comp; d++) {
1213           eval_modes_in[num_eval_modes_in + d] = eval_mode;
1214         }
1215         num_eval_modes_in += q_comp;
1216       }
1217     }
1218   }
1219 
1220   // Determine active output basis; basis_out and rstr_out only used if same as input, TODO
1221   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, NULL, NULL, &qf_fields));
1222   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
1223     CeedVector vec;
1224 
1225     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(output_fields[i], &vec));
1226     if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
1227       CeedBasis    basis;
1228       CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
1229 
1230       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(output_fields[i], &basis));
1231       CeedCheck(!basis_out || basis_out == basis, ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND,
1232                 "Backend does not implement operator assembly with multiple active bases");
1233       basis_out = basis;
1234       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(output_fields[i], &rstr_out));
1235       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(rstr_out, &elem_size_out));
1236       if (basis_out == CEED_BASIS_NONE) num_qpts_out = elem_size_out;
1237       else CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadraturePoints(basis_out, &num_qpts_out));
1238       CeedCheck(num_qpts_in == num_qpts_out, ceed, CEED_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED,
1239                 "Active input and output bases must have the same number of quadrature points");
1240       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_fields[i], &eval_mode));
1241       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis_out, eval_mode, &q_comp));
1242       if (eval_mode != CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) {
1243         // q_comp = 1 if CEED_EVAL_NONE, CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT caught by QF Assembly
1244         CeedCallBackend(CeedRealloc(num_eval_modes_out + q_comp, &eval_modes_out));
1245         for (CeedInt d = 0; d < q_comp; d++) {
1246           eval_modes_out[num_eval_modes_out + d] = eval_mode;
1247         }
1248         num_eval_modes_out += q_comp;
1249       }
1250     }
1251   }
1252   CeedCheck(num_eval_modes_in > 0 && num_eval_modes_out > 0, ceed, CEED_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED, "Cannot assemble operator without inputs/outputs");
1253 
1254   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(1, &impl->asmb));
1255   CeedOperatorAssemble_Hip *asmb = impl->asmb;
1256   asmb->elems_per_block          = 1;
1257   asmb->block_size_x             = elem_size_in;
1258   asmb->block_size_y             = elem_size_out;
1259 
1260   bool fallback = asmb->block_size_x * asmb->block_size_y * asmb->elems_per_block > 1024;
1261 
1262   if (fallback) {
1263     // Use fallback kernel with 1D threadblock
1264     asmb->block_size_y = 1;
1265   }
1266 
1267   // Compile kernels
1268   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumComponents(rstr_in, &num_comp_in));
1269   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumComponents(rstr_out, &num_comp_out));
1270   CeedCallBackend(CeedGetJitAbsolutePath(ceed, "ceed/jit-source/hip/hip-ref-operator-assemble.h", &assembly_kernel_path));
1271   CeedDebug256(ceed, CEED_DEBUG_COLOR_SUCCESS, "----- Loading Assembly Kernel Source -----\n");
1272   CeedCallBackend(CeedLoadSourceToBuffer(ceed, assembly_kernel_path, &assembly_kernel_source));
1273   CeedDebug256(ceed, CEED_DEBUG_COLOR_SUCCESS, "----- Loading Assembly Source Complete! -----\n");
1274   CeedCallBackend(CeedCompile_Hip(ceed, assembly_kernel_source, &asmb->module, 10, "NUM_EVAL_MODES_IN", num_eval_modes_in, "NUM_EVAL_MODES_OUT",
1275                                   num_eval_modes_out, "NUM_COMP_IN", num_comp_in, "NUM_COMP_OUT", num_comp_out, "NUM_NODES_IN", elem_size_in,
1276                                   "NUM_NODES_OUT", elem_size_out, "NUM_QPTS", num_qpts_in, "BLOCK_SIZE",
1277                                   asmb->block_size_x * asmb->block_size_y * asmb->elems_per_block, "BLOCK_SIZE_Y", asmb->block_size_y, "USE_CEEDSIZE",
1278                                   use_ceedsize_idx));
1279   CeedCallBackend(CeedGetKernel_Hip(ceed, asmb->module, "LinearAssemble", &asmb->LinearAssemble));
1280   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&assembly_kernel_path));
1281   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&assembly_kernel_source));
1282 
1283   // Load into B_in, in order that they will be used in eval_modes_in
1284   {
1285     const CeedInt in_bytes           = elem_size_in * num_qpts_in * num_eval_modes_in * sizeof(CeedScalar);
1286     CeedInt       d_in               = 0;
1287     CeedEvalMode  eval_modes_in_prev = CEED_EVAL_NONE;
1288     bool          has_eval_none      = false;
1289     CeedScalar   *identity           = NULL;
1290 
1291     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_eval_modes_in; i++) {
1292       has_eval_none = has_eval_none || (eval_modes_in[i] == CEED_EVAL_NONE);
1293     }
1294     if (has_eval_none) {
1295       CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(elem_size_in * num_qpts_in, &identity));
1296       for (CeedInt i = 0; i < (elem_size_in < num_qpts_in ? elem_size_in : num_qpts_in); i++) identity[i * elem_size_in + i] = 1.0;
1297     }
1298 
1299     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&asmb->d_B_in, in_bytes));
1300     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_eval_modes_in; i++) {
1301       const CeedScalar *h_B_in;
1302 
1303       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetBasisPointer(basis_in, eval_modes_in[i], identity, &h_B_in));
1304       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis_in, eval_modes_in[i], &q_comp));
1305       if (q_comp > 1) {
1306         if (i == 0 || eval_modes_in[i] != eval_modes_in_prev) d_in = 0;
1307         else h_B_in = &h_B_in[(++d_in) * elem_size_in * num_qpts_in];
1308       }
1309       eval_modes_in_prev = eval_modes_in[i];
1310 
1311       CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(&asmb->d_B_in[i * elem_size_in * num_qpts_in], h_B_in, elem_size_in * num_qpts_in * sizeof(CeedScalar),
1312                                   hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
1313     }
1314 
1315     if (identity) {
1316       CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&identity));
1317     }
1318   }
1319 
1320   // Load into B_out, in order that they will be used in eval_modes_out
1321   {
1322     const CeedInt out_bytes           = elem_size_out * num_qpts_out * num_eval_modes_out * sizeof(CeedScalar);
1323     CeedInt       d_out               = 0;
1324     CeedEvalMode  eval_modes_out_prev = CEED_EVAL_NONE;
1325     bool          has_eval_none       = false;
1326     CeedScalar   *identity            = NULL;
1327 
1328     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_eval_modes_out; i++) {
1329       has_eval_none = has_eval_none || (eval_modes_out[i] == CEED_EVAL_NONE);
1330     }
1331     if (has_eval_none) {
1332       CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(elem_size_out * num_qpts_out, &identity));
1333       for (CeedInt i = 0; i < (elem_size_out < num_qpts_out ? elem_size_out : num_qpts_out); i++) identity[i * elem_size_out + i] = 1.0;
1334     }
1335 
1336     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&asmb->d_B_out, out_bytes));
1337     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_eval_modes_out; i++) {
1338       const CeedScalar *h_B_out;
1339 
1340       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetBasisPointer(basis_out, eval_modes_out[i], identity, &h_B_out));
1341       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis_out, eval_modes_out[i], &q_comp));
1342       if (q_comp > 1) {
1343         if (i == 0 || eval_modes_out[i] != eval_modes_out_prev) d_out = 0;
1344         else h_B_out = &h_B_out[(++d_out) * elem_size_out * num_qpts_out];
1345       }
1346       eval_modes_out_prev = eval_modes_out[i];
1347 
1348       CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(&asmb->d_B_out[i * elem_size_out * num_qpts_out], h_B_out, elem_size_out * num_qpts_out * sizeof(CeedScalar),
1349                                   hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
1350     }
1351 
1352     if (identity) {
1353       CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&identity));
1354     }
1355   }
1356   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
1357 }
1358 
1359 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1360 // Assemble matrix data for COO matrix of assembled operator.
1361 // The sparsity pattern is set by CeedOperatorLinearAssembleSymbolic.
1362 //
1363 // Note that this (and other assembly routines) currently assume only one active input restriction/basis per operator (could have multiple basis eval
1364 // modes).
1365 // TODO: allow multiple active input restrictions/basis objects
1366 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1367 static int CeedSingleOperatorAssemble_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedInt offset, CeedVector values) {
1368   Ceed                ceed;
1369   CeedSize            values_length = 0, assembled_qf_length = 0;
1370   CeedInt             use_ceedsize_idx = 0, num_elem_in, num_elem_out, elem_size_in, elem_size_out;
1371   CeedScalar         *values_array;
1372   const CeedScalar   *assembled_qf_array;
1373   CeedVector          assembled_qf   = NULL;
1374   CeedElemRestriction assembled_rstr = NULL, rstr_in, rstr_out;
1375   CeedRestrictionType rstr_type_in, rstr_type_out;
1376   const bool         *orients_in = NULL, *orients_out = NULL;
1377   const CeedInt8     *curl_orients_in = NULL, *curl_orients_out = NULL;
1378   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
1379 
1380   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
1381   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
1382 
1383   // Assemble QFunction
1384   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionBuildOrUpdate(op, &assembled_qf, &assembled_rstr, CEED_REQUEST_IMMEDIATE));
1385   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&assembled_rstr));
1386   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayRead(assembled_qf, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &assembled_qf_array));
1387 
1388   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetLength(values, &values_length));
1389   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetLength(assembled_qf, &assembled_qf_length));
1390   if ((values_length > INT_MAX) || (assembled_qf_length > INT_MAX)) use_ceedsize_idx = 1;
1391 
1392   // Setup
1393   if (!impl->asmb) CeedCallBackend(CeedSingleOperatorAssembleSetup_Hip(op, use_ceedsize_idx));
1394   CeedOperatorAssemble_Hip *asmb = impl->asmb;
1395 
1396   assert(asmb != NULL);
1397 
1398   // Assemble element operator
1399   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArray(values, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &values_array));
1400   values_array += offset;
1401 
1402   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetActiveElemRestrictions(op, &rstr_in, &rstr_out));
1403   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumElements(rstr_in, &num_elem_in));
1404   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(rstr_in, &elem_size_in));
1405 
1406   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetType(rstr_in, &rstr_type_in));
1407   if (rstr_type_in == CEED_RESTRICTION_ORIENTED) {
1408     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetOrientations(rstr_in, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &orients_in));
1409   } else if (rstr_type_in == CEED_RESTRICTION_CURL_ORIENTED) {
1410     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetCurlOrientations(rstr_in, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &curl_orients_in));
1411   }
1412 
1413   if (rstr_in != rstr_out) {
1414     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumElements(rstr_out, &num_elem_out));
1415     CeedCheck(num_elem_in == num_elem_out, ceed, CEED_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED,
1416               "Active input and output operator restrictions must have the same number of elements");
1417     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(rstr_out, &elem_size_out));
1418 
1419     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetType(rstr_out, &rstr_type_out));
1420     if (rstr_type_out == CEED_RESTRICTION_ORIENTED) {
1421       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetOrientations(rstr_out, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &orients_out));
1422     } else if (rstr_type_out == CEED_RESTRICTION_CURL_ORIENTED) {
1423       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetCurlOrientations(rstr_out, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &curl_orients_out));
1424     }
1425   } else {
1426     elem_size_out    = elem_size_in;
1427     orients_out      = orients_in;
1428     curl_orients_out = curl_orients_in;
1429   }
1430 
1431   // Compute B^T D B
1432   CeedInt shared_mem =
1433       ((curl_orients_in || curl_orients_out ? elem_size_in * elem_size_out : 0) + (curl_orients_in ? elem_size_in * asmb->block_size_y : 0)) *
1434       sizeof(CeedScalar);
1435   CeedInt grid   = CeedDivUpInt(num_elem_in, asmb->elems_per_block);
1436   void   *args[] = {(void *)&num_elem_in, &asmb->d_B_in,     &asmb->d_B_out,      &orients_in,  &curl_orients_in,
1437                     &orients_out,         &curl_orients_out, &assembled_qf_array, &values_array};
1438 
1439   CeedCallBackend(
1440       CeedRunKernelDimShared_Hip(ceed, asmb->LinearAssemble, grid, asmb->block_size_x, asmb->block_size_y, asmb->elems_per_block, shared_mem, args));
1441 
1442   // Restore arrays
1443   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArray(values, &values_array));
1444   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArrayRead(assembled_qf, &assembled_qf_array));
1445 
1446   // Cleanup
1447   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&assembled_qf));
1448   if (rstr_type_in == CEED_RESTRICTION_ORIENTED) {
1449     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionRestoreOrientations(rstr_in, &orients_in));
1450   } else if (rstr_type_in == CEED_RESTRICTION_CURL_ORIENTED) {
1451     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionRestoreCurlOrientations(rstr_in, &curl_orients_in));
1452   }
1453   if (rstr_in != rstr_out) {
1454     if (rstr_type_out == CEED_RESTRICTION_ORIENTED) {
1455       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionRestoreOrientations(rstr_out, &orients_out));
1456     } else if (rstr_type_out == CEED_RESTRICTION_CURL_ORIENTED) {
1457       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionRestoreCurlOrientations(rstr_out, &curl_orients_out));
1458     }
1459   }
1460   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
1461 }
1462 
1463 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1464 // Assemble Linear QFunction AtPoints
1465 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1466 static int CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionAtPoints_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedVector *assembled, CeedElemRestriction *rstr, CeedRequest *request) {
1467   return CeedError(CeedOperatorReturnCeed(op), CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "Backend does not implement CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunction");
1468 }
1469 
1470 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1471 // Assemble Linear Diagonal AtPoints
1472 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1473 static int CeedOperatorLinearAssembleAddDiagonalAtPoints_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedVector assembled, CeedRequest *request) {
1474   bool                is_active_at_points = true;
1475   CeedSize            e_vec_size          = 0;
1476   CeedInt             max_num_points, num_elem, num_input_fields, num_output_fields, elem_size_active = 1, num_comp_active = 1;
1477   CeedScalar         *e_data[2 * CEED_FIELD_MAX] = {NULL};
1478   CeedQFunctionField *qf_input_fields, *qf_output_fields;
1479   CeedQFunction       qf;
1480   CeedOperatorField  *op_input_fields, *op_output_fields;
1481   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
1482 
1483   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
1484   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
1485   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumElements(op, &num_elem));
1486   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, &num_input_fields, &op_input_fields, &num_output_fields, &op_output_fields));
1487   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_input_fields, NULL, &qf_output_fields));
1488   CeedInt num_points[num_elem];
1489 
1490   // Setup
1491   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetupAtPoints_Hip(op));
1492   max_num_points = impl->max_num_points;
1493   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_elem; i++) num_points[i] = max_num_points;
1494 
1495   // Input Evecs and Restriction
1496   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetupInputs_Hip(num_input_fields, qf_input_fields, op_input_fields, NULL, true, e_data, impl, request));
1497 
1498   // Check if active field is at points
1499   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
1500     CeedRestrictionType rstr_type;
1501     CeedVector          vec;
1502     CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
1503 
1504     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_fields[i], &vec));
1505     // Skip non-active input
1506     if (vec != CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) continue;
1507 
1508     // Get active restriction type
1509     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_input_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
1510     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetType(elem_rstr, &rstr_type));
1511     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumComponents(elem_rstr, &num_comp_active));
1512     is_active_at_points = rstr_type == CEED_RESTRICTION_POINTS;
1513     if (!is_active_at_points) CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(elem_rstr, &elem_size_active));
1514   }
1515 
1516   // Get point coordinates
1517   if (!impl->point_coords_elem) {
1518     CeedVector          point_coords = NULL;
1519     CeedElemRestriction rstr_points  = NULL;
1520 
1521     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorAtPointsGetPoints(op, &rstr_points, &point_coords));
1522     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionCreateVector(rstr_points, NULL, &impl->point_coords_elem));
1523     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionApply(rstr_points, CEED_NOTRANSPOSE, point_coords, impl->point_coords_elem, request));
1524   }
1525 
1526   // Input basis apply if needed
1527   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorInputBasisAtPoints_Hip(num_elem, num_points, qf_input_fields, op_input_fields, num_input_fields, true, e_data, impl));
1528 
1529   // Output pointers, as necessary
1530   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
1531     CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
1532 
1533     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
1534     if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE) {
1535       // Set the output Q-Vector to use the E-Vector data directly.
1536       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayWrite(impl->e_vecs[i + impl->num_inputs], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &e_data[i + num_input_fields]));
1537       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetArray(impl->q_vecs_out[i], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, CEED_USE_POINTER, e_data[i + num_input_fields]));
1538     }
1539   }
1540 
1541   // Loop over active fields
1542   e_vec_size = (is_active_at_points ? max_num_points : elem_size_active) * num_comp_active;
1543   for (CeedInt s = 0; s < e_vec_size; s++) {
1544     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
1545       bool         is_active_input = false;
1546       CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
1547       CeedVector   vec;
1548       CeedBasis    basis;
1549 
1550       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_fields[i], &vec));
1551       // Skip non-active input
1552       is_active_input = vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE;
1553       if (!is_active_input) continue;
1554 
1555       // Update unit vector
1556       if (s == 0) CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValue(impl->e_vecs[i], 0.0));
1557       else CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValueStrided(impl->e_vecs[i], s - 1, e_vec_size, 0.0));
1558       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValueStrided(impl->e_vecs[i], s, e_vec_size, 1.0));
1559 
1560       // Basis action
1561       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_input_fields[i], &eval_mode));
1562       switch (eval_mode) {
1563         case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
1564           CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetArray(impl->q_vecs_in[i], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, CEED_USE_POINTER, e_data[i]));
1565           break;
1566         case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
1567         case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
1568         case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
1569         case CEED_EVAL_CURL:
1570           CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_input_fields[i], &basis));
1571           CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisApplyAtPoints(basis, num_elem, num_points, CEED_NOTRANSPOSE, eval_mode, impl->point_coords_elem, impl->e_vecs[i],
1572                                                  impl->q_vecs_in[i]));
1573           break;
1574         case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT:
1575           break;  // No action
1576       }
1577     }
1578 
1579     // Q function
1580     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionApply(qf, num_elem * max_num_points, impl->q_vecs_in, impl->q_vecs_out));
1581 
1582     // Output basis apply if needed
1583     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
1584       bool                is_active_output = false;
1585       CeedEvalMode        eval_mode;
1586       CeedVector          vec;
1587       CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
1588       CeedBasis           basis;
1589 
1590       // Get output vector
1591       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_output_fields[i], &vec));
1592       is_active_output = vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE;
1593       if (!is_active_output) continue;
1594 
1595       // Basis action
1596       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
1597       switch (eval_mode) {
1598         case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
1599           CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArray(impl->e_vecs[i + impl->num_inputs], &e_data[i + num_input_fields]));
1600           break;
1601         case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
1602         case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
1603         case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
1604         case CEED_EVAL_CURL:
1605           CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_output_fields[i], &basis));
1606           CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisApplyAtPoints(basis, num_elem, num_points, CEED_TRANSPOSE, eval_mode, impl->point_coords_elem, impl->q_vecs_out[i],
1607                                                  impl->e_vecs[i + impl->num_inputs]));
1608           break;
1609         // LCOV_EXCL_START
1610         case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT: {
1611           return CeedError(CeedOperatorReturnCeed(op), CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT cannot be an output evaluation mode");
1612           // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
1613         }
1614       }
1615 
1616       // Mask output e-vec
1617       {
1618         CeedInt  j = num_input_fields;
1619         CeedSize out_size;
1620 
1621         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetLength(impl->e_vecs[i + impl->num_inputs], &out_size));
1622         for (j = 0; j < num_input_fields; j++) {
1623           bool       is_active_input = false;
1624           CeedSize   in_size;
1625           CeedVector vec;
1626 
1627           // Skip non-active input
1628           CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_fields[j], &vec));
1629           is_active_input = vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE;
1630           if (!is_active_input) continue;
1631           CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetLength(impl->e_vecs[j], &in_size));
1632           if (in_size == out_size) break;
1633         }
1634         CeedCheck(j < num_input_fields, CeedOperatorReturnCeed(op), CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "Matching input field not found");
1635         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorPointwiseMult(impl->e_vecs[i + impl->num_inputs], impl->e_vecs[j], impl->e_vecs[i + impl->num_inputs]));
1636       }
1637 
1638       // Restrict
1639       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_output_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
1640       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionApply(elem_rstr, CEED_TRANSPOSE, impl->e_vecs[i + impl->num_inputs], assembled, request));
1641 
1642       // Reset q_vec for
1643       if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE) {
1644         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayWrite(impl->e_vecs[i + impl->num_inputs], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &e_data[i + num_input_fields]));
1645         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetArray(impl->q_vecs_out[i], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, CEED_USE_POINTER, e_data[i + num_input_fields]));
1646       }
1647     }
1648   }
1649 
1650   // Restore CEED_EVAL_NONE
1651   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
1652     CeedEvalMode        eval_mode;
1653     CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
1654 
1655     // Get eval_mode
1656     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_output_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
1657     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
1658 
1659     // Restore evec
1660     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
1661     if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE) {
1662       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArray(impl->e_vecs[i + impl->num_inputs], &e_data[i + num_input_fields]));
1663     }
1664   }
1665 
1666   // Restore input arrays
1667   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorRestoreInputs_Hip(num_input_fields, qf_input_fields, op_input_fields, true, e_data, impl));
1668   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
1669 }
1670 
1671 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1672 // Create operator
1673 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1674 int CeedOperatorCreate_Hip(CeedOperator op) {
1675   Ceed              ceed;
1676   CeedOperator_Hip *impl;
1677 
1678   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
1679   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(1, &impl));
1680   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetData(op, impl));
1681   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "LinearAssembleQFunction", CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunction_Hip));
1682   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "LinearAssembleQFunctionUpdate", CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionUpdate_Hip));
1683   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "LinearAssembleAddDiagonal", CeedOperatorLinearAssembleAddDiagonal_Hip));
1684   CeedCallBackend(
1685       CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "LinearAssembleAddPointBlockDiagonal", CeedOperatorLinearAssembleAddPointBlockDiagonal_Hip));
1686   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "LinearAssembleSingle", CeedSingleOperatorAssemble_Hip));
1687   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "ApplyAdd", CeedOperatorApplyAdd_Hip));
1688   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "Destroy", CeedOperatorDestroy_Hip));
1689   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
1690 }
1691 
1692 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1693 // Create operator AtPoints
1694 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1695 int CeedOperatorCreateAtPoints_Hip(CeedOperator op) {
1696   Ceed              ceed;
1697   CeedOperator_Hip *impl;
1698 
1699   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
1700   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(1, &impl));
1701   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetData(op, impl));
1702 
1703   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "LinearAssembleQFunction", CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionAtPoints_Hip));
1704   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "LinearAssembleAddDiagonal", CeedOperatorLinearAssembleAddDiagonalAtPoints_Hip));
1705   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "ApplyAdd", CeedOperatorApplyAddAtPoints_Hip));
1706   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "Destroy", CeedOperatorDestroy_Hip));
1707   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
1708 }
1709 
1710 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1711