xref: /libCEED/backends/hip-ref/ceed-hip-ref-operator.c (revision bdee0278611904727ee35fcc2d0d7c3bf83db4c4)
1 // Copyright (c) 2017-2026, Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC and other CEED contributors.
2 // All Rights Reserved. See the top-level LICENSE and NOTICE files for details.
3 //
4 // SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
5 //
6 // This file is part of CEED:  http://github.com/ceed
7 
8 #include <ceed.h>
9 #include <ceed/backend.h>
10 #include <ceed/jit-tools.h>
11 #include <assert.h>
12 #include <stdbool.h>
13 #include <string.h>
14 #include <hip/hip_runtime.h>
15 
16 #include "../hip/ceed-hip-common.h"
17 #include "../hip/ceed-hip-compile.h"
18 #include "ceed-hip-ref.h"
19 
20 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
21 // Destroy operator
22 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
23 static int CeedOperatorDestroy_Hip(CeedOperator op) {
24   CeedOperator_Hip *impl;
25 
26   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
27 
28   // Apply data
29   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->num_points));
30   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->skip_rstr_in));
31   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->skip_rstr_out));
32   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->apply_add_basis_out));
33   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->input_field_order));
34   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->output_field_order));
35   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->input_states));
36 
37   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < impl->num_inputs; i++) {
38     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&impl->e_vecs_in[i]));
39     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&impl->q_vecs_in[i]));
40   }
41   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->e_vecs_in));
42   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->q_vecs_in));
43 
44   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < impl->num_outputs; i++) {
45     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&impl->e_vecs_out[i]));
46     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&impl->q_vecs_out[i]));
47   }
48   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->e_vecs_out));
49   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->q_vecs_out));
50   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&impl->point_coords_elem));
51 
52   // QFunction assembly data
53   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < impl->num_active_in; i++) {
54     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&impl->qf_active_in[i]));
55   }
56   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->qf_active_in));
57 
58   // Diag data
59   if (impl->diag) {
60     Ceed ceed;
61 
62     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
63     if (impl->diag->module) {
64       CeedCallHip(ceed, hipModuleUnload(impl->diag->module));
65     }
66     if (impl->diag->module_point_block) {
67       CeedCallHip(ceed, hipModuleUnload(impl->diag->module_point_block));
68     }
69     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_eval_modes_in));
70     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_eval_modes_out));
71     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_identity));
72     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_interp_in));
73     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_interp_out));
74     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_grad_in));
75     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_grad_out));
76     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_div_in));
77     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_div_out));
78     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_curl_in));
79     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_curl_out));
80     CeedCallBackend(CeedDestroy(&ceed));
81     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&impl->diag->elem_diag));
82     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&impl->diag->point_block_elem_diag));
83     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&impl->diag->diag_rstr));
84     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&impl->diag->point_block_diag_rstr));
85   }
86   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->diag));
87 
88   if (impl->asmb) {
89     Ceed ceed;
90 
91     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
92     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipModuleUnload(impl->asmb->module));
93     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->asmb->d_B_in));
94     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->asmb->d_B_out));
95     CeedCallBackend(CeedDestroy(&ceed));
96   }
97   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->asmb));
98 
99   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl));
100   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
101 }
102 
103 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
104 // Setup infields or outfields
105 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
106 static int CeedOperatorSetupFields_Hip(CeedQFunction qf, CeedOperator op, bool is_input, bool is_at_points, bool *skip_rstr, bool *apply_add_basis,
107                                        CeedVector *e_vecs, CeedVector *q_vecs, CeedInt num_fields, CeedInt Q, CeedInt num_elem) {
108   Ceed                ceed;
109   CeedQFunctionField *qf_fields;
110   CeedOperatorField  *op_fields;
111 
112   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
113   if (is_input) {
114     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, NULL, &op_fields, NULL, NULL));
115     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_fields, NULL, NULL));
116   } else {
117     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, NULL, NULL, NULL, &op_fields));
118     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, NULL, NULL, &qf_fields));
119   }
120 
121   // Loop over fields
122   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_fields; i++) {
123     bool                is_active = false, is_strided = false, skip_e_vec = false;
124     CeedSize            q_size;
125     CeedInt             size;
126     CeedEvalMode        eval_mode;
127     CeedVector          l_vec;
128     CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
129 
130     // Check whether this field can skip the element restriction:
131     // Input CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE
132     // Output CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE without CEED_EVAL_NONE
133     // Input CEED_VECTOR_NONE with CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT
134     // Input passive vector with CEED_EVAL_NONE and strided restriction with CEED_STRIDES_BACKEND
135     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_fields[i], &l_vec));
136     is_active = l_vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE;
137     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&l_vec));
138     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
139     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_fields[i], &eval_mode));
140     skip_e_vec = (is_input && is_active) || (is_active && eval_mode != CEED_EVAL_NONE) || (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT);
141     if (!skip_e_vec && is_input && !is_active && eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE) {
142       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionIsStrided(elem_rstr, &is_strided));
143       if (is_strided) CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionHasBackendStrides(elem_rstr, &skip_e_vec));
144     }
145     if (skip_e_vec) {
146       e_vecs[i] = NULL;
147     } else {
148       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionCreateVector(elem_rstr, NULL, &e_vecs[i]));
149     }
150     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&elem_rstr));
151 
152     switch (eval_mode) {
153       case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
154       case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
155       case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
156       case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
157       case CEED_EVAL_CURL:
158         CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetSize(qf_fields[i], &size));
159         q_size = (CeedSize)num_elem * (CeedSize)Q * (CeedSize)size;
160         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorCreate(ceed, q_size, &q_vecs[i]));
161         break;
162       case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT: {
163         CeedBasis basis;
164 
165         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_fields[i], &basis));
166         q_size = (CeedSize)num_elem * (CeedSize)Q;
167         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorCreate(ceed, q_size, &q_vecs[i]));
168         if (is_at_points) {
169           CeedInt num_points[num_elem];
170 
171           for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_elem; i++) num_points[i] = Q;
172           CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisApplyAtPoints(basis, num_elem, num_points, CEED_NOTRANSPOSE, CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT, CEED_VECTOR_NONE, CEED_VECTOR_NONE,
173                                                  q_vecs[i]));
174         } else {
175           CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisApply(basis, num_elem, CEED_NOTRANSPOSE, CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT, CEED_VECTOR_NONE, q_vecs[i]));
176         }
177         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis));
178         break;
179       }
180     }
181   }
182   // Drop duplicate restrictions
183   if (is_input) {
184     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_fields; i++) {
185       CeedVector          vec_i;
186       CeedElemRestriction rstr_i;
187 
188       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_fields[i], &vec_i));
189       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_fields[i], &rstr_i));
190       for (CeedInt j = i + 1; j < num_fields; j++) {
191         CeedVector          vec_j;
192         CeedElemRestriction rstr_j;
193 
194         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_fields[j], &vec_j));
195         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_fields[j], &rstr_j));
196         if (vec_i == vec_j && rstr_i == rstr_j) {
197           if (e_vecs[i]) CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorReferenceCopy(e_vecs[i], &e_vecs[j]));
198           skip_rstr[j] = true;
199         }
200         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec_j));
201         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_j));
202       }
203       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec_i));
204       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_i));
205     }
206   } else {
207     for (CeedInt i = num_fields - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
208       CeedVector          vec_i;
209       CeedElemRestriction rstr_i;
210 
211       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_fields[i], &vec_i));
212       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_fields[i], &rstr_i));
213       for (CeedInt j = i - 1; j >= 0; j--) {
214         CeedVector          vec_j;
215         CeedElemRestriction rstr_j;
216 
217         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_fields[j], &vec_j));
218         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_fields[j], &rstr_j));
219         if (vec_i == vec_j && rstr_i == rstr_j) {
220           if (e_vecs[i]) CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorReferenceCopy(e_vecs[i], &e_vecs[j]));
221           skip_rstr[j]       = true;
222           apply_add_basis[i] = true;
223         }
224         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec_j));
225         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_j));
226       }
227       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec_i));
228       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_i));
229     }
230   }
231   CeedCallBackend(CeedDestroy(&ceed));
232   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
233 }
234 
235 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
236 // CeedOperator needs to connect all the named fields (be they active or passive) to the named inputs and outputs of its CeedQFunction.
237 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
238 static int CeedOperatorSetup_Hip(CeedOperator op) {
239   bool                is_setup_done;
240   CeedInt             Q, num_elem, num_input_fields, num_output_fields;
241   CeedQFunctionField *qf_input_fields, *qf_output_fields;
242   CeedQFunction       qf;
243   CeedOperatorField  *op_input_fields, *op_output_fields;
244   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
245 
246   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorIsSetupDone(op, &is_setup_done));
247   if (is_setup_done) return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
248 
249   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
250   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
251   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumQuadraturePoints(op, &Q));
252   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumElements(op, &num_elem));
253   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, &num_input_fields, &op_input_fields, &num_output_fields, &op_output_fields));
254   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_input_fields, NULL, &qf_output_fields));
255 
256   // Allocate
257   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_input_fields, &impl->e_vecs_in));
258   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_output_fields, &impl->e_vecs_out));
259   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_input_fields, &impl->skip_rstr_in));
260   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_output_fields, &impl->skip_rstr_out));
261   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_output_fields, &impl->apply_add_basis_out));
262   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_input_fields, &impl->input_field_order));
263   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_output_fields, &impl->output_field_order));
264   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_input_fields, &impl->input_states));
265   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_input_fields, &impl->q_vecs_in));
266   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_output_fields, &impl->q_vecs_out));
267   impl->num_inputs  = num_input_fields;
268   impl->num_outputs = num_output_fields;
269 
270   // Set up infield and outfield e-vecs and q-vecs
271   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetupFields_Hip(qf, op, true, false, impl->skip_rstr_in, NULL, impl->e_vecs_in, impl->q_vecs_in, num_input_fields, Q,
272                                               num_elem));
273   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetupFields_Hip(qf, op, false, false, impl->skip_rstr_out, impl->apply_add_basis_out, impl->e_vecs_out,
274                                               impl->q_vecs_out, num_output_fields, Q, num_elem));
275 
276   // Reorder fields to allow reuse of buffers
277   impl->max_active_e_vec_len = 0;
278   {
279     bool    is_ordered[CEED_FIELD_MAX];
280     CeedInt curr_index = 0;
281 
282     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) is_ordered[i] = false;
283     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
284       CeedSize            e_vec_len_i;
285       CeedVector          vec_i;
286       CeedElemRestriction rstr_i;
287 
288       if (is_ordered[i]) continue;
289       is_ordered[i]                       = true;
290       impl->input_field_order[curr_index] = i;
291       curr_index++;
292       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_fields[i], &vec_i));
293       if (vec_i == CEED_VECTOR_NONE) {
294         // CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT
295         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec_i));
296         continue;
297       };
298       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_input_fields[i], &rstr_i));
299       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetEVectorSize(rstr_i, &e_vec_len_i));
300       impl->max_active_e_vec_len = e_vec_len_i > impl->max_active_e_vec_len ? e_vec_len_i : impl->max_active_e_vec_len;
301       for (CeedInt j = i + 1; j < num_input_fields; j++) {
302         CeedVector          vec_j;
303         CeedElemRestriction rstr_j;
304 
305         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_fields[j], &vec_j));
306         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_input_fields[j], &rstr_j));
307         if (rstr_i == rstr_j && vec_i == vec_j) {
308           is_ordered[j]                       = true;
309           impl->input_field_order[curr_index] = j;
310           curr_index++;
311         }
312         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec_j));
313         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_j));
314       }
315       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec_i));
316       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_i));
317     }
318   }
319   {
320     bool    is_ordered[CEED_FIELD_MAX];
321     CeedInt curr_index = 0;
322 
323     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) is_ordered[i] = false;
324     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
325       CeedSize            e_vec_len_i;
326       CeedVector          vec_i;
327       CeedElemRestriction rstr_i;
328 
329       if (is_ordered[i]) continue;
330       is_ordered[i]                        = true;
331       impl->output_field_order[curr_index] = i;
332       curr_index++;
333       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_output_fields[i], &vec_i));
334       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_output_fields[i], &rstr_i));
335       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetEVectorSize(rstr_i, &e_vec_len_i));
336       impl->max_active_e_vec_len = e_vec_len_i > impl->max_active_e_vec_len ? e_vec_len_i : impl->max_active_e_vec_len;
337       for (CeedInt j = i + 1; j < num_output_fields; j++) {
338         CeedVector          vec_j;
339         CeedElemRestriction rstr_j;
340 
341         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_output_fields[j], &vec_j));
342         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_output_fields[j], &rstr_j));
343         if (rstr_i == rstr_j && vec_i == vec_j) {
344           is_ordered[j]                        = true;
345           impl->output_field_order[curr_index] = j;
346           curr_index++;
347         }
348         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec_j));
349         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_j));
350       }
351       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec_i));
352       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_i));
353     }
354   }
355   CeedCallBackend(CeedClearWorkVectors(CeedOperatorReturnCeed(op), impl->max_active_e_vec_len));
356   {
357     // Create two work vectors for diagonal assembly
358     CeedVector temp_1, temp_2;
359 
360     CeedCallBackend(CeedGetWorkVector(CeedOperatorReturnCeed(op), impl->max_active_e_vec_len, &temp_1));
361     CeedCallBackend(CeedGetWorkVector(CeedOperatorReturnCeed(op), impl->max_active_e_vec_len, &temp_2));
362     CeedCallBackend(CeedRestoreWorkVector(CeedOperatorReturnCeed(op), &temp_1));
363     CeedCallBackend(CeedRestoreWorkVector(CeedOperatorReturnCeed(op), &temp_2));
364   }
365   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetSetupDone(op));
366   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionDestroy(&qf));
367   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
368 }
369 
370 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
371 // Restrict Operator Inputs
372 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
373 static inline int CeedOperatorInputRestrict_Hip(CeedOperatorField op_input_field, CeedQFunctionField qf_input_field, CeedInt input_field,
374                                                 CeedVector in_vec, CeedVector active_e_vec, const bool skip_active, CeedOperator_Hip *impl,
375                                                 CeedRequest *request) {
376   bool       is_active = false;
377   CeedVector l_vec, e_vec = impl->e_vecs_in[input_field];
378 
379   // Get input vector
380   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_field, &l_vec));
381   is_active = l_vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE;
382   if (is_active && skip_active) return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
383   if (is_active) {
384     l_vec = in_vec;
385     if (!e_vec) e_vec = active_e_vec;
386   }
387 
388   // Restriction action
389   if (e_vec) {
390     // Restrict, if necessary
391     if (!impl->skip_rstr_in[input_field]) {
392       uint64_t state;
393 
394       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetState(l_vec, &state));
395       if (is_active || state != impl->input_states[input_field]) {
396         CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
397 
398         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_input_field, &elem_rstr));
399         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionApply(elem_rstr, CEED_NOTRANSPOSE, l_vec, e_vec, request));
400         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&elem_rstr));
401       }
402       impl->input_states[input_field] = state;
403     }
404   }
405   if (!is_active) CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&l_vec));
406   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
407 }
408 
409 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
410 // Input Basis Action
411 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
412 static inline int CeedOperatorInputBasis_Hip(CeedOperatorField op_input_field, CeedQFunctionField qf_input_field, CeedInt input_field,
413                                              CeedVector in_vec, CeedVector active_e_vec, CeedInt num_elem, const bool skip_active,
414                                              CeedOperator_Hip *impl) {
415   bool         is_active = false;
416   CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
417   CeedVector   l_vec, e_vec = impl->e_vecs_in[input_field], q_vec = impl->q_vecs_in[input_field];
418 
419   // Skip active input
420   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_field, &l_vec));
421   is_active = l_vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE;
422   if (is_active && skip_active) return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
423   if (is_active) {
424     l_vec = in_vec;
425     if (!e_vec) e_vec = active_e_vec;
426   }
427 
428   // Basis action
429   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_input_field, &eval_mode));
430   switch (eval_mode) {
431     case CEED_EVAL_NONE: {
432       const CeedScalar *e_vec_array;
433 
434       if (e_vec) {
435         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayRead(e_vec, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &e_vec_array));
436       } else {
437         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayRead(l_vec, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &e_vec_array));
438       }
439       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetArray(q_vec, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, CEED_USE_POINTER, (CeedScalar *)e_vec_array));
440       break;
441     }
442     case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
443     case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
444     case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
445     case CEED_EVAL_CURL: {
446       CeedBasis basis;
447 
448       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_input_field, &basis));
449       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisApply(basis, num_elem, CEED_NOTRANSPOSE, eval_mode, e_vec, q_vec));
450       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis));
451       break;
452     }
453     case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT:
454       break;  // No action
455   }
456   if (!is_active) CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&l_vec));
457   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
458 }
459 
460 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
461 // Restore Input Vectors
462 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
463 static inline int CeedOperatorInputRestore_Hip(CeedOperatorField op_input_field, CeedQFunctionField qf_input_field, CeedInt input_field,
464                                                CeedVector in_vec, CeedVector active_e_vec, const bool skip_active, CeedOperator_Hip *impl) {
465   bool         is_active = false;
466   CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
467   CeedVector   l_vec, e_vec = impl->e_vecs_in[input_field];
468 
469   // Skip active input
470   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_field, &l_vec));
471   is_active = l_vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE;
472   if (is_active && skip_active) return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
473   if (is_active) {
474     l_vec = in_vec;
475     if (!e_vec) e_vec = active_e_vec;
476   }
477 
478   // Restore e-vec
479   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_input_field, &eval_mode));
480   if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE) {
481     const CeedScalar *e_vec_array;
482 
483     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorTakeArray(impl->q_vecs_in[input_field], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, (CeedScalar **)&e_vec_array));
484     if (e_vec) {
485       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArrayRead(e_vec, &e_vec_array));
486     } else {
487       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArrayRead(l_vec, &e_vec_array));
488     }
489   }
490   if (!is_active) CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&l_vec));
491   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
492 }
493 
494 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
495 // Apply and add to output
496 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
497 static int CeedOperatorApplyAdd_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedVector in_vec, CeedVector out_vec, CeedRequest *request) {
498   CeedInt             Q, num_elem, num_input_fields, num_output_fields;
499   Ceed                ceed;
500   CeedVector          active_e_vec;
501   CeedQFunctionField *qf_input_fields, *qf_output_fields;
502   CeedQFunction       qf;
503   CeedOperatorField  *op_input_fields, *op_output_fields;
504   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
505 
506   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
507   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
508   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
509   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumQuadraturePoints(op, &Q));
510   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumElements(op, &num_elem));
511   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, &num_input_fields, &op_input_fields, &num_output_fields, &op_output_fields));
512   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_input_fields, NULL, &qf_output_fields));
513 
514   // Setup
515   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetup_Hip(op));
516 
517   // Work vector
518   CeedCallBackend(CeedGetWorkVector(ceed, impl->max_active_e_vec_len, &active_e_vec));
519 
520   // Process inputs
521   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
522     CeedInt field = impl->input_field_order[i];
523 
524     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorInputRestrict_Hip(op_input_fields[field], qf_input_fields[field], field, in_vec, active_e_vec, false, impl, request));
525     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorInputBasis_Hip(op_input_fields[field], qf_input_fields[field], field, in_vec, active_e_vec, num_elem, false, impl));
526   }
527 
528   // Output pointers, as necessary
529   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
530     CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
531 
532     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
533     if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE) {
534       CeedScalar *e_vec_array;
535 
536       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayWrite(impl->e_vecs_out[i], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &e_vec_array));
537       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetArray(impl->q_vecs_out[i], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, CEED_USE_POINTER, e_vec_array));
538     }
539   }
540 
541   // Q function
542   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionApply(qf, num_elem * Q, impl->q_vecs_in, impl->q_vecs_out));
543 
544   // Restore input arrays
545   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
546     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorInputRestore_Hip(op_input_fields[i], qf_input_fields[i], i, in_vec, active_e_vec, false, impl));
547   }
548 
549   // Output basis and restriction
550   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
551     bool         is_active = false;
552     CeedInt      field     = impl->output_field_order[i];
553     CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
554     CeedVector   l_vec, e_vec = impl->e_vecs_out[field], q_vec = impl->q_vecs_out[field];
555 
556     // Output vector
557     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_output_fields[field], &l_vec));
558     is_active = l_vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE;
559     if (is_active) {
560       l_vec = out_vec;
561       if (!e_vec) e_vec = active_e_vec;
562     }
563 
564     // Basis action
565     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[field], &eval_mode));
566     switch (eval_mode) {
567       case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
568         break;  // No action
569       case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
570       case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
571       case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
572       case CEED_EVAL_CURL: {
573         CeedBasis basis;
574 
575         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_output_fields[field], &basis));
576         if (impl->apply_add_basis_out[field]) {
577           CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisApplyAdd(basis, num_elem, CEED_TRANSPOSE, eval_mode, q_vec, e_vec));
578         } else {
579           CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisApply(basis, num_elem, CEED_TRANSPOSE, eval_mode, q_vec, e_vec));
580         }
581         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis));
582         break;
583       }
584       // LCOV_EXCL_START
585       case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT: {
586         return CeedError(ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT cannot be an output evaluation mode");
587         // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
588       }
589     }
590 
591     // Restore evec
592     if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE) {
593       CeedScalar *e_vec_array;
594 
595       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorTakeArray(impl->q_vecs_out[i], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &e_vec_array));
596       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArray(e_vec, &e_vec_array));
597     }
598 
599     // Restrict
600     if (!impl->skip_rstr_out[field]) {
601       CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
602 
603       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_output_fields[field], &elem_rstr));
604       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionApply(elem_rstr, CEED_TRANSPOSE, e_vec, l_vec, request));
605       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&elem_rstr));
606     }
607     if (!is_active) CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&l_vec));
608   }
609 
610   // Return work vector
611   CeedCallBackend(CeedRestoreWorkVector(ceed, &active_e_vec));
612   CeedCallBackend(CeedDestroy(&ceed));
613   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionDestroy(&qf));
614   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
615 }
616 
617 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
618 // CeedOperator needs to connect all the named fields (be they active or passive) to the named inputs and outputs of its CeedQFunction.
619 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
620 static int CeedOperatorSetupAtPoints_Hip(CeedOperator op) {
621   bool                is_setup_done;
622   CeedInt             max_num_points = -1, num_elem, num_input_fields, num_output_fields;
623   CeedQFunctionField *qf_input_fields, *qf_output_fields;
624   CeedQFunction       qf;
625   CeedOperatorField  *op_input_fields, *op_output_fields;
626   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
627 
628   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorIsSetupDone(op, &is_setup_done));
629   if (is_setup_done) return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
630 
631   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
632   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
633   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumElements(op, &num_elem));
634   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, &num_input_fields, &op_input_fields, &num_output_fields, &op_output_fields));
635   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_input_fields, NULL, &qf_output_fields));
636   {
637     CeedElemRestriction rstr_points = NULL;
638 
639     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorAtPointsGetPoints(op, &rstr_points, NULL));
640     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetMaxPointsInElement(rstr_points, &max_num_points));
641     CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_elem, &impl->num_points));
642     for (CeedInt e = 0; e < num_elem; e++) {
643       CeedInt num_points_elem;
644 
645       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumPointsInElement(rstr_points, e, &num_points_elem));
646       impl->num_points[e] = num_points_elem;
647     }
648     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_points));
649   }
650   impl->max_num_points = max_num_points;
651 
652   // Allocate
653   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_input_fields, &impl->e_vecs_in));
654   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_output_fields, &impl->e_vecs_out));
655   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_input_fields, &impl->skip_rstr_in));
656   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_output_fields, &impl->skip_rstr_out));
657   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_output_fields, &impl->apply_add_basis_out));
658   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_input_fields, &impl->input_field_order));
659   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_output_fields, &impl->output_field_order));
660   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_input_fields, &impl->input_states));
661   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_input_fields, &impl->q_vecs_in));
662   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_output_fields, &impl->q_vecs_out));
663   impl->num_inputs  = num_input_fields;
664   impl->num_outputs = num_output_fields;
665 
666   // Set up infield and outfield e-vecs and q-vecs
667   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetupFields_Hip(qf, op, true, true, impl->skip_rstr_in, NULL, impl->e_vecs_in, impl->q_vecs_in, num_input_fields,
668                                               max_num_points, num_elem));
669   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetupFields_Hip(qf, op, false, true, impl->skip_rstr_out, impl->apply_add_basis_out, impl->e_vecs_out, impl->q_vecs_out,
670                                               num_output_fields, max_num_points, num_elem));
671 
672   // Reorder fields to allow reuse of buffers
673   impl->max_active_e_vec_len = 0;
674   {
675     bool    is_ordered[CEED_FIELD_MAX];
676     CeedInt curr_index = 0;
677 
678     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) is_ordered[i] = false;
679     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
680       CeedSize            e_vec_len_i;
681       CeedVector          vec_i;
682       CeedElemRestriction rstr_i;
683 
684       if (is_ordered[i]) continue;
685       is_ordered[i]                       = true;
686       impl->input_field_order[curr_index] = i;
687       curr_index++;
688       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_fields[i], &vec_i));
689       if (vec_i == CEED_VECTOR_NONE) {
690         // CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT
691         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec_i));
692         continue;
693       };
694       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_input_fields[i], &rstr_i));
695       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetEVectorSize(rstr_i, &e_vec_len_i));
696       impl->max_active_e_vec_len = e_vec_len_i > impl->max_active_e_vec_len ? e_vec_len_i : impl->max_active_e_vec_len;
697       for (CeedInt j = i + 1; j < num_input_fields; j++) {
698         CeedVector          vec_j;
699         CeedElemRestriction rstr_j;
700 
701         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_fields[j], &vec_j));
702         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_input_fields[j], &rstr_j));
703         if (rstr_i == rstr_j && vec_i == vec_j) {
704           is_ordered[j]                       = true;
705           impl->input_field_order[curr_index] = j;
706           curr_index++;
707         }
708         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec_j));
709         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_j));
710       }
711       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec_i));
712       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_i));
713     }
714   }
715   {
716     bool    is_ordered[CEED_FIELD_MAX];
717     CeedInt curr_index = 0;
718 
719     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) is_ordered[i] = false;
720     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
721       CeedSize            e_vec_len_i;
722       CeedVector          vec_i;
723       CeedElemRestriction rstr_i;
724 
725       if (is_ordered[i]) continue;
726       is_ordered[i]                        = true;
727       impl->output_field_order[curr_index] = i;
728       curr_index++;
729       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_output_fields[i], &vec_i));
730       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_output_fields[i], &rstr_i));
731       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetEVectorSize(rstr_i, &e_vec_len_i));
732       impl->max_active_e_vec_len = e_vec_len_i > impl->max_active_e_vec_len ? e_vec_len_i : impl->max_active_e_vec_len;
733       for (CeedInt j = i + 1; j < num_output_fields; j++) {
734         CeedVector          vec_j;
735         CeedElemRestriction rstr_j;
736 
737         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_output_fields[j], &vec_j));
738         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_output_fields[j], &rstr_j));
739         if (rstr_i == rstr_j && vec_i == vec_j) {
740           is_ordered[j]                        = true;
741           impl->output_field_order[curr_index] = j;
742           curr_index++;
743         }
744         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec_j));
745         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_j));
746       }
747       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec_i));
748       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_i));
749     }
750   }
751   CeedCallBackend(CeedClearWorkVectors(CeedOperatorReturnCeed(op), impl->max_active_e_vec_len));
752   {
753     // Create two work vectors for diagonal assembly
754     CeedVector temp_1, temp_2;
755 
756     CeedCallBackend(CeedGetWorkVector(CeedOperatorReturnCeed(op), impl->max_active_e_vec_len, &temp_1));
757     CeedCallBackend(CeedGetWorkVector(CeedOperatorReturnCeed(op), impl->max_active_e_vec_len, &temp_2));
758     CeedCallBackend(CeedRestoreWorkVector(CeedOperatorReturnCeed(op), &temp_1));
759     CeedCallBackend(CeedRestoreWorkVector(CeedOperatorReturnCeed(op), &temp_2));
760   }
761   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetSetupDone(op));
762   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionDestroy(&qf));
763   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
764 }
765 
766 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
767 // Input Basis Action AtPoints
768 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
769 static inline int CeedOperatorInputBasisAtPoints_Hip(CeedOperatorField op_input_field, CeedQFunctionField qf_input_field, CeedInt input_field,
770                                                      CeedVector in_vec, CeedVector active_e_vec, CeedInt num_elem, const CeedInt *num_points,
771                                                      const bool skip_active, const bool skip_passive, CeedOperator_Hip *impl) {
772   bool         is_active = false;
773   CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
774   CeedVector   l_vec, e_vec = impl->e_vecs_in[input_field], q_vec = impl->q_vecs_in[input_field];
775 
776   // Skip active input
777   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_field, &l_vec));
778   is_active = l_vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE;
779   if (skip_active && is_active) return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
780   if (skip_passive && !is_active) {
781     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&l_vec));
782     return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
783   }
784   if (is_active) {
785     l_vec = in_vec;
786     if (!e_vec) e_vec = active_e_vec;
787   }
788 
789   // Basis action
790   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_input_field, &eval_mode));
791   switch (eval_mode) {
792     case CEED_EVAL_NONE: {
793       const CeedScalar *e_vec_array;
794 
795       if (e_vec) {
796         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayRead(e_vec, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &e_vec_array));
797       } else {
798         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayRead(l_vec, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &e_vec_array));
799       }
800       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetArray(q_vec, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, CEED_USE_POINTER, (CeedScalar *)e_vec_array));
801       break;
802     }
803     case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
804     case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
805     case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
806     case CEED_EVAL_CURL: {
807       CeedBasis basis;
808 
809       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_input_field, &basis));
810       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisApplyAtPoints(basis, num_elem, num_points, CEED_NOTRANSPOSE, eval_mode, impl->point_coords_elem, e_vec, q_vec));
811       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis));
812       break;
813     }
814     case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT:
815       break;  // No action
816   }
817   if (!is_active) CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&l_vec));
818   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
819 }
820 
821 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
822 // Apply and add to output AtPoints
823 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
824 static int CeedOperatorApplyAddAtPoints_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedVector in_vec, CeedVector out_vec, CeedRequest *request) {
825   CeedInt             max_num_points, *num_points, num_elem, num_input_fields, num_output_fields;
826   Ceed                ceed;
827   CeedVector          active_e_vec;
828   CeedQFunctionField *qf_input_fields, *qf_output_fields;
829   CeedQFunction       qf;
830   CeedOperatorField  *op_input_fields, *op_output_fields;
831   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
832 
833   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
834   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
835   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
836   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumElements(op, &num_elem));
837   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, &num_input_fields, &op_input_fields, &num_output_fields, &op_output_fields));
838   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_input_fields, NULL, &qf_output_fields));
839 
840   // Setup
841   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetupAtPoints_Hip(op));
842   num_points     = impl->num_points;
843   max_num_points = impl->max_num_points;
844 
845   // Work vector
846   CeedCallBackend(CeedGetWorkVector(ceed, impl->max_active_e_vec_len, &active_e_vec));
847 
848   // Get point coordinates
849   {
850     CeedVector          point_coords = NULL;
851     CeedElemRestriction rstr_points  = NULL;
852 
853     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorAtPointsGetPoints(op, &rstr_points, &point_coords));
854     if (!impl->point_coords_elem) CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionCreateVector(rstr_points, NULL, &impl->point_coords_elem));
855     {
856       uint64_t state;
857       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetState(point_coords, &state));
858       if (impl->points_state != state) {
859         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionApply(rstr_points, CEED_NOTRANSPOSE, point_coords, impl->point_coords_elem, request));
860       }
861     }
862     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&point_coords));
863     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_points));
864   }
865 
866   // Process inputs
867   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
868     CeedInt field = impl->input_field_order[i];
869 
870     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorInputRestrict_Hip(op_input_fields[field], qf_input_fields[field], field, in_vec, active_e_vec, false, impl, request));
871     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorInputBasisAtPoints_Hip(op_input_fields[field], qf_input_fields[field], field, in_vec, active_e_vec, num_elem,
872                                                        num_points, false, false, impl));
873   }
874 
875   // Output pointers, as necessary
876   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
877     CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
878 
879     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
880     if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE) {
881       CeedScalar *e_vec_array;
882 
883       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayWrite(impl->e_vecs_out[i], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &e_vec_array));
884       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetArray(impl->q_vecs_out[i], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, CEED_USE_POINTER, e_vec_array));
885     }
886   }
887 
888   // Q function
889   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionApply(qf, num_elem * max_num_points, impl->q_vecs_in, impl->q_vecs_out));
890 
891   // Restore input arrays
892   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
893     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorInputRestore_Hip(op_input_fields[i], qf_input_fields[i], i, in_vec, active_e_vec, false, impl));
894   }
895 
896   // Output basis and restriction
897   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
898     bool         is_active = false;
899     CeedInt      field     = impl->output_field_order[i];
900     CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
901     CeedVector   l_vec, e_vec = impl->e_vecs_out[field], q_vec = impl->q_vecs_out[field];
902 
903     // Output vector
904     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_output_fields[field], &l_vec));
905     is_active = l_vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE;
906     if (is_active) {
907       l_vec = out_vec;
908       if (!e_vec) e_vec = active_e_vec;
909     }
910 
911     // Basis action
912     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[field], &eval_mode));
913     switch (eval_mode) {
914       case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
915         break;  // No action
916       case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
917       case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
918       case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
919       case CEED_EVAL_CURL: {
920         CeedBasis basis;
921 
922         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_output_fields[field], &basis));
923         if (impl->apply_add_basis_out[field]) {
924           CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisApplyAddAtPoints(basis, num_elem, num_points, CEED_TRANSPOSE, eval_mode, impl->point_coords_elem, q_vec, e_vec));
925         } else {
926           CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisApplyAtPoints(basis, num_elem, num_points, CEED_TRANSPOSE, eval_mode, impl->point_coords_elem, q_vec, e_vec));
927         }
928         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis));
929         break;
930       }
931       // LCOV_EXCL_START
932       case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT: {
933         return CeedError(ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT cannot be an output evaluation mode");
934         // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
935       }
936     }
937 
938     // Restore evec
939     if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE) {
940       CeedScalar *e_vec_array;
941 
942       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorTakeArray(impl->q_vecs_out[i], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &e_vec_array));
943       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArray(e_vec, &e_vec_array));
944     }
945 
946     // Restrict
947     if (!impl->skip_rstr_out[field]) {
948       CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
949 
950       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_output_fields[field], &elem_rstr));
951       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionApply(elem_rstr, CEED_TRANSPOSE, e_vec, l_vec, request));
952       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&elem_rstr));
953     }
954     if (!is_active) CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&l_vec));
955   }
956 
957   // Restore work vector
958   CeedCallBackend(CeedRestoreWorkVector(ceed, &active_e_vec));
959   CeedCallBackend(CeedDestroy(&ceed));
960   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionDestroy(&qf));
961   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
962 }
963 
964 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
965 // Linear QFunction Assembly Core
966 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
967 static inline int CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionCore_Hip(CeedOperator op, bool build_objects, CeedVector *assembled, CeedElemRestriction *rstr,
968                                                               CeedRequest *request) {
969   Ceed                ceed, ceed_parent;
970   CeedInt             num_active_in, num_active_out, Q, num_elem, num_input_fields, num_output_fields, size;
971   CeedScalar         *assembled_array;
972   CeedVector         *active_inputs;
973   CeedQFunctionField *qf_input_fields, *qf_output_fields;
974   CeedQFunction       qf;
975   CeedOperatorField  *op_input_fields, *op_output_fields;
976   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
977 
978   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
979   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFallbackParentCeed(op, &ceed_parent));
980   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
981   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumQuadraturePoints(op, &Q));
982   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumElements(op, &num_elem));
983   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
984   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_input_fields, NULL, &qf_output_fields));
985   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, &num_input_fields, &op_input_fields, &num_output_fields, &op_output_fields));
986   active_inputs = impl->qf_active_in;
987   num_active_in = impl->num_active_in, num_active_out = impl->num_active_out;
988 
989   // Setup
990   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetup_Hip(op));
991 
992   // Process inputs
993   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
994     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorInputRestrict_Hip(op_input_fields[i], qf_input_fields[i], i, NULL, NULL, true, impl, request));
995     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorInputBasis_Hip(op_input_fields[i], qf_input_fields[i], i, NULL, NULL, num_elem, true, impl));
996   }
997 
998   // Count number of active input fields
999   if (!num_active_in) {
1000     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
1001       CeedScalar *q_vec_array;
1002       CeedVector  l_vec;
1003 
1004       // Check if active input
1005       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_fields[i], &l_vec));
1006       if (l_vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
1007         CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetSize(qf_input_fields[i], &size));
1008         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValue(impl->q_vecs_in[i], 0.0));
1009         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArray(impl->q_vecs_in[i], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &q_vec_array));
1010         CeedCallBackend(CeedRealloc(num_active_in + size, &active_inputs));
1011         for (CeedInt field = 0; field < size; field++) {
1012           CeedSize q_size = (CeedSize)Q * num_elem;
1013 
1014           CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorCreate(ceed, q_size, &active_inputs[num_active_in + field]));
1015           CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetArray(active_inputs[num_active_in + field], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, CEED_USE_POINTER,
1016                                              &q_vec_array[field * Q * num_elem]));
1017         }
1018         num_active_in += size;
1019         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArray(impl->q_vecs_in[i], &q_vec_array));
1020       }
1021       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&l_vec));
1022     }
1023     impl->num_active_in = num_active_in;
1024     impl->qf_active_in  = active_inputs;
1025   }
1026 
1027   // Count number of active output fields
1028   if (!num_active_out) {
1029     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
1030       CeedVector l_vec;
1031 
1032       // Check if active output
1033       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_output_fields[i], &l_vec));
1034       if (l_vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
1035         CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetSize(qf_output_fields[i], &size));
1036         num_active_out += size;
1037       }
1038       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&l_vec));
1039     }
1040     impl->num_active_out = num_active_out;
1041   }
1042 
1043   // Check sizes
1044   CeedCheck(num_active_in > 0 && num_active_out > 0, ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "Cannot assemble QFunction without active inputs and outputs");
1045 
1046   // Build objects if needed
1047   if (build_objects) {
1048     CeedSize l_size     = (CeedSize)num_elem * Q * num_active_in * num_active_out;
1049     CeedInt  strides[3] = {1, num_elem * Q, Q}; /* *NOPAD* */
1050 
1051     // Create output restriction
1052     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionCreateStrided(ceed_parent, num_elem, Q, num_active_in * num_active_out,
1053                                                      (CeedSize)num_active_in * (CeedSize)num_active_out * (CeedSize)num_elem * (CeedSize)Q, strides,
1054                                                      rstr));
1055     // Create assembled vector
1056     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorCreate(ceed_parent, l_size, assembled));
1057   }
1058   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValue(*assembled, 0.0));
1059   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArray(*assembled, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &assembled_array));
1060 
1061   // Assemble QFunction
1062   for (CeedInt in = 0; in < num_active_in; in++) {
1063     // Set Inputs
1064     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValue(active_inputs[in], 1.0));
1065     if (num_active_in > 1) {
1066       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValue(active_inputs[(in + num_active_in - 1) % num_active_in], 0.0));
1067     }
1068     // Set Outputs
1069     for (CeedInt out = 0; out < num_output_fields; out++) {
1070       CeedVector l_vec;
1071 
1072       // Check if active output
1073       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_output_fields[out], &l_vec));
1074       if (l_vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
1075         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetArray(impl->q_vecs_out[out], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, CEED_USE_POINTER, assembled_array));
1076         CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetSize(qf_output_fields[out], &size));
1077         assembled_array += size * Q * num_elem;  // Advance the pointer by the size of the output
1078       }
1079       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&l_vec));
1080     }
1081     // Apply QFunction
1082     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionApply(qf, Q * num_elem, impl->q_vecs_in, impl->q_vecs_out));
1083   }
1084 
1085   // Un-set output q-vecs to prevent accidental overwrite of Assembled
1086   for (CeedInt out = 0; out < num_output_fields; out++) {
1087     CeedVector l_vec;
1088 
1089     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_output_fields[out], &l_vec));
1090     if (l_vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
1091       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorTakeArray(impl->q_vecs_out[out], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, NULL));
1092     }
1093     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&l_vec));
1094   }
1095 
1096   // Restore input arrays
1097   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
1098     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorInputRestore_Hip(op_input_fields[i], qf_input_fields[i], i, NULL, NULL, true, impl));
1099   }
1100 
1101   // Restore output
1102   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArray(*assembled, &assembled_array));
1103   CeedCallBackend(CeedDestroy(&ceed));
1104   CeedCallBackend(CeedDestroy(&ceed_parent));
1105   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionDestroy(&qf));
1106   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
1107 }
1108 
1109 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1110 // Assemble Linear QFunction
1111 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1112 static int CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunction_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedVector *assembled, CeedElemRestriction *rstr, CeedRequest *request) {
1113   return CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionCore_Hip(op, true, assembled, rstr, request);
1114 }
1115 
1116 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1117 // Update Assembled Linear QFunction
1118 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1119 static int CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionUpdate_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedVector assembled, CeedElemRestriction rstr, CeedRequest *request) {
1120   return CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionCore_Hip(op, false, &assembled, &rstr, request);
1121 }
1122 
1123 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1124 // Assemble Diagonal Setup
1125 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1126 static inline int CeedOperatorAssembleDiagonalSetup_Hip(CeedOperator op) {
1127   Ceed                ceed;
1128   CeedInt             num_input_fields, num_output_fields, num_eval_modes_in = 0, num_eval_modes_out = 0;
1129   CeedInt             q_comp, num_nodes, num_qpts;
1130   CeedEvalMode       *eval_modes_in = NULL, *eval_modes_out = NULL;
1131   CeedBasis           basis_in = NULL, basis_out = NULL;
1132   CeedQFunctionField *qf_fields;
1133   CeedQFunction       qf;
1134   CeedOperatorField  *op_fields;
1135   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
1136 
1137   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
1138   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
1139   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetNumArgs(qf, &num_input_fields, &num_output_fields));
1140 
1141   // Determine active input basis
1142   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, NULL, &op_fields, NULL, NULL));
1143   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_fields, NULL, NULL));
1144   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
1145     CeedVector vec;
1146 
1147     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_fields[i], &vec));
1148     if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
1149       CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
1150       CeedBasis    basis;
1151 
1152       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_fields[i], &basis));
1153       CeedCheck(!basis_in || basis_in == basis, ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND,
1154                 "Backend does not implement operator diagonal assembly with multiple active bases");
1155       if (!basis_in) CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisReferenceCopy(basis, &basis_in));
1156       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis));
1157       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_fields[i], &eval_mode));
1158       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis_in, eval_mode, &q_comp));
1159       if (eval_mode != CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) {
1160         // q_comp = 1 if CEED_EVAL_NONE, CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT caught by QF assembly
1161         CeedCallBackend(CeedRealloc(num_eval_modes_in + q_comp, &eval_modes_in));
1162         for (CeedInt d = 0; d < q_comp; d++) eval_modes_in[num_eval_modes_in + d] = eval_mode;
1163         num_eval_modes_in += q_comp;
1164       }
1165     }
1166     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec));
1167   }
1168 
1169   // Determine active output basis
1170   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, NULL, NULL, NULL, &op_fields));
1171   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, NULL, NULL, &qf_fields));
1172   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
1173     CeedVector vec;
1174 
1175     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_fields[i], &vec));
1176     if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
1177       CeedBasis    basis;
1178       CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
1179 
1180       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_fields[i], &basis));
1181       CeedCheck(!basis_out || basis_out == basis, ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND,
1182                 "Backend does not implement operator diagonal assembly with multiple active bases");
1183       if (!basis_out) CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisReferenceCopy(basis, &basis_out));
1184       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis));
1185       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_fields[i], &eval_mode));
1186       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis_out, eval_mode, &q_comp));
1187       if (eval_mode != CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) {
1188         // q_comp = 1 if CEED_EVAL_NONE, CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT caught by QF assembly
1189         CeedCallBackend(CeedRealloc(num_eval_modes_out + q_comp, &eval_modes_out));
1190         for (CeedInt d = 0; d < q_comp; d++) eval_modes_out[num_eval_modes_out + d] = eval_mode;
1191         num_eval_modes_out += q_comp;
1192       }
1193     }
1194     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec));
1195   }
1196 
1197   // Operator data struct
1198   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
1199   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(1, &impl->diag));
1200   CeedOperatorDiag_Hip *diag = impl->diag;
1201 
1202   // Basis matrices
1203   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumNodes(basis_in, &num_nodes));
1204   if (basis_in == CEED_BASIS_NONE) num_qpts = num_nodes;
1205   else CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadraturePoints(basis_in, &num_qpts));
1206   const CeedInt interp_bytes     = num_nodes * num_qpts * sizeof(CeedScalar);
1207   const CeedInt eval_modes_bytes = sizeof(CeedEvalMode);
1208   bool          has_eval_none    = false;
1209 
1210   // CEED_EVAL_NONE
1211   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_eval_modes_in; i++) has_eval_none = has_eval_none || (eval_modes_in[i] == CEED_EVAL_NONE);
1212   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_eval_modes_out; i++) has_eval_none = has_eval_none || (eval_modes_out[i] == CEED_EVAL_NONE);
1213   if (has_eval_none) {
1214     CeedScalar *identity = NULL;
1215 
1216     CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_nodes * num_qpts, &identity));
1217     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < (num_nodes < num_qpts ? num_nodes : num_qpts); i++) identity[i * num_nodes + i] = 1.0;
1218     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&diag->d_identity, interp_bytes));
1219     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(diag->d_identity, identity, interp_bytes, hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
1220     CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&identity));
1221   }
1222 
1223   // CEED_EVAL_INTERP, CEED_EVAL_GRAD, CEED_EVAL_DIV, and CEED_EVAL_CURL
1224   for (CeedInt in = 0; in < 2; in++) {
1225     CeedFESpace fespace;
1226     CeedBasis   basis = in ? basis_in : basis_out;
1227 
1228     CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetFESpace(basis, &fespace));
1229     switch (fespace) {
1230       case CEED_FE_SPACE_H1: {
1231         CeedInt           q_comp_interp, q_comp_grad;
1232         const CeedScalar *interp, *grad;
1233         CeedScalar       *d_interp, *d_grad;
1234 
1235         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis, CEED_EVAL_INTERP, &q_comp_interp));
1236         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis, CEED_EVAL_GRAD, &q_comp_grad));
1237 
1238         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetInterp(basis, &interp));
1239         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&d_interp, interp_bytes * q_comp_interp));
1240         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(d_interp, interp, interp_bytes * q_comp_interp, hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
1241         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetGrad(basis, &grad));
1242         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&d_grad, interp_bytes * q_comp_grad));
1243         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(d_grad, grad, interp_bytes * q_comp_grad, hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
1244         if (in) {
1245           diag->d_interp_in = d_interp;
1246           diag->d_grad_in   = d_grad;
1247         } else {
1248           diag->d_interp_out = d_interp;
1249           diag->d_grad_out   = d_grad;
1250         }
1251       } break;
1252       case CEED_FE_SPACE_HDIV: {
1253         CeedInt           q_comp_interp, q_comp_div;
1254         const CeedScalar *interp, *div;
1255         CeedScalar       *d_interp, *d_div;
1256 
1257         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis, CEED_EVAL_INTERP, &q_comp_interp));
1258         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis, CEED_EVAL_DIV, &q_comp_div));
1259 
1260         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetInterp(basis, &interp));
1261         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&d_interp, interp_bytes * q_comp_interp));
1262         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(d_interp, interp, interp_bytes * q_comp_interp, hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
1263         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetDiv(basis, &div));
1264         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&d_div, interp_bytes * q_comp_div));
1265         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(d_div, div, interp_bytes * q_comp_div, hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
1266         if (in) {
1267           diag->d_interp_in = d_interp;
1268           diag->d_div_in    = d_div;
1269         } else {
1270           diag->d_interp_out = d_interp;
1271           diag->d_div_out    = d_div;
1272         }
1273       } break;
1274       case CEED_FE_SPACE_HCURL: {
1275         CeedInt           q_comp_interp, q_comp_curl;
1276         const CeedScalar *interp, *curl;
1277         CeedScalar       *d_interp, *d_curl;
1278 
1279         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis, CEED_EVAL_INTERP, &q_comp_interp));
1280         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis, CEED_EVAL_CURL, &q_comp_curl));
1281 
1282         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetInterp(basis, &interp));
1283         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&d_interp, interp_bytes * q_comp_interp));
1284         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(d_interp, interp, interp_bytes * q_comp_interp, hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
1285         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetCurl(basis, &curl));
1286         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&d_curl, interp_bytes * q_comp_curl));
1287         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(d_curl, curl, interp_bytes * q_comp_curl, hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
1288         if (in) {
1289           diag->d_interp_in = d_interp;
1290           diag->d_curl_in   = d_curl;
1291         } else {
1292           diag->d_interp_out = d_interp;
1293           diag->d_curl_out   = d_curl;
1294         }
1295       } break;
1296     }
1297   }
1298 
1299   // Arrays of eval_modes
1300   CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&diag->d_eval_modes_in, num_eval_modes_in * eval_modes_bytes));
1301   CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(diag->d_eval_modes_in, eval_modes_in, num_eval_modes_in * eval_modes_bytes, hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
1302   CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&diag->d_eval_modes_out, num_eval_modes_out * eval_modes_bytes));
1303   CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(diag->d_eval_modes_out, eval_modes_out, num_eval_modes_out * eval_modes_bytes, hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
1304   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&eval_modes_in));
1305   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&eval_modes_out));
1306   CeedCallBackend(CeedDestroy(&ceed));
1307   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis_in));
1308   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis_out));
1309   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionDestroy(&qf));
1310   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
1311 }
1312 
1313 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1314 // Assemble Diagonal Setup (Compilation)
1315 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1316 static inline int CeedOperatorAssembleDiagonalSetupCompile_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedInt use_ceedsize_idx, const bool is_point_block) {
1317   Ceed                ceed;
1318   CeedInt             num_input_fields, num_output_fields, num_eval_modes_in = 0, num_eval_modes_out = 0;
1319   CeedInt             num_comp, q_comp, num_nodes, num_qpts;
1320   CeedBasis           basis_in = NULL, basis_out = NULL;
1321   CeedQFunctionField *qf_fields;
1322   CeedQFunction       qf;
1323   CeedOperatorField  *op_fields;
1324   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
1325 
1326   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
1327   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
1328   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetNumArgs(qf, &num_input_fields, &num_output_fields));
1329 
1330   // Determine active input basis
1331   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, NULL, &op_fields, NULL, NULL));
1332   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_fields, NULL, NULL));
1333   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
1334     CeedVector vec;
1335 
1336     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_fields[i], &vec));
1337     if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
1338       CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
1339       CeedBasis    basis;
1340 
1341       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_fields[i], &basis));
1342       if (!basis_in) CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisReferenceCopy(basis, &basis_in));
1343       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis));
1344       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_fields[i], &eval_mode));
1345       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis_in, eval_mode, &q_comp));
1346       if (eval_mode != CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) {
1347         num_eval_modes_in += q_comp;
1348       }
1349     }
1350     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec));
1351   }
1352 
1353   // Determine active output basis
1354   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, NULL, NULL, NULL, &op_fields));
1355   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, NULL, NULL, &qf_fields));
1356   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
1357     CeedVector vec;
1358 
1359     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_fields[i], &vec));
1360     if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
1361       CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
1362       CeedBasis    basis;
1363 
1364       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_fields[i], &basis));
1365       if (!basis_out) CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisReferenceCopy(basis, &basis_out));
1366       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis));
1367       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_fields[i], &eval_mode));
1368       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis_out, eval_mode, &q_comp));
1369       if (eval_mode != CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) {
1370         num_eval_modes_out += q_comp;
1371       }
1372     }
1373     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec));
1374   }
1375 
1376   // Operator data struct
1377   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
1378   CeedOperatorDiag_Hip *diag = impl->diag;
1379 
1380   // Assemble kernel
1381   const char   diagonal_kernel_source[] = "// Diagonal assembly source\n#include <ceed/jit-source/hip/hip-ref-operator-assemble-diagonal.h>\n";
1382   hipModule_t *module                   = is_point_block ? &diag->module_point_block : &diag->module;
1383   CeedInt      elems_per_block          = 1;
1384 
1385   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumNodes(basis_in, &num_nodes));
1386   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumComponents(basis_in, &num_comp));
1387   if (basis_in == CEED_BASIS_NONE) num_qpts = num_nodes;
1388   else CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadraturePoints(basis_in, &num_qpts));
1389   CeedCallHip(ceed, CeedCompile_Hip(ceed, diagonal_kernel_source, module, 8, "NUM_EVAL_MODES_IN", num_eval_modes_in, "NUM_EVAL_MODES_OUT",
1390                                     num_eval_modes_out, "NUM_COMP", num_comp, "NUM_NODES", num_nodes, "NUM_QPTS", num_qpts, "USE_CEEDSIZE",
1391                                     use_ceedsize_idx, "USE_POINT_BLOCK", is_point_block ? 1 : 0, "BLOCK_SIZE", num_nodes * elems_per_block));
1392   CeedCallHip(ceed, CeedGetKernel_Hip(ceed, *module, "LinearDiagonal", is_point_block ? &diag->LinearPointBlock : &diag->LinearDiagonal));
1393   CeedCallBackend(CeedDestroy(&ceed));
1394   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis_in));
1395   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis_out));
1396   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionDestroy(&qf));
1397   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
1398 }
1399 
1400 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1401 // Assemble Diagonal Core
1402 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1403 static inline int CeedOperatorAssembleDiagonalCore_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedVector assembled, CeedRequest *request, const bool is_point_block) {
1404   Ceed                ceed;
1405   CeedInt             num_elem, num_nodes;
1406   CeedScalar         *elem_diag_array;
1407   const CeedScalar   *assembled_qf_array;
1408   CeedVector          assembled_qf   = NULL, elem_diag;
1409   CeedElemRestriction assembled_rstr = NULL, rstr_in, rstr_out, diag_rstr;
1410   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
1411 
1412   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
1413   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
1414 
1415   // Assemble QFunction
1416   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionBuildOrUpdate(op, &assembled_qf, &assembled_rstr, request));
1417   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&assembled_rstr));
1418   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayRead(assembled_qf, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &assembled_qf_array));
1419 
1420   // Setup
1421   if (!impl->diag) CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorAssembleDiagonalSetup_Hip(op));
1422   CeedOperatorDiag_Hip *diag = impl->diag;
1423 
1424   assert(diag != NULL);
1425 
1426   // Assemble kernel if needed
1427   if ((!is_point_block && !diag->LinearDiagonal) || (is_point_block && !diag->LinearPointBlock)) {
1428     CeedSize assembled_length, assembled_qf_length;
1429     CeedInt  use_ceedsize_idx = 0;
1430     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetLength(assembled, &assembled_length));
1431     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetLength(assembled_qf, &assembled_qf_length));
1432     if ((assembled_length > INT_MAX) || (assembled_qf_length > INT_MAX)) use_ceedsize_idx = 1;
1433 
1434     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorAssembleDiagonalSetupCompile_Hip(op, use_ceedsize_idx, is_point_block));
1435   }
1436 
1437   // Restriction and diagonal vector
1438   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetActiveElemRestrictions(op, &rstr_in, &rstr_out));
1439   CeedCheck(rstr_in == rstr_out, ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND,
1440             "Cannot assemble operator diagonal with different input and output active element restrictions");
1441   if (!is_point_block && !diag->diag_rstr) {
1442     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionCreateUnsignedCopy(rstr_out, &diag->diag_rstr));
1443     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionCreateVector(diag->diag_rstr, NULL, &diag->elem_diag));
1444   } else if (is_point_block && !diag->point_block_diag_rstr) {
1445     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorCreateActivePointBlockRestriction(rstr_out, &diag->point_block_diag_rstr));
1446     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionCreateVector(diag->point_block_diag_rstr, NULL, &diag->point_block_elem_diag));
1447   }
1448   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_in));
1449   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_out));
1450   diag_rstr = is_point_block ? diag->point_block_diag_rstr : diag->diag_rstr;
1451   elem_diag = is_point_block ? diag->point_block_elem_diag : diag->elem_diag;
1452   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValue(elem_diag, 0.0));
1453 
1454   // Only assemble diagonal if the basis has nodes, otherwise inputs are null pointers
1455   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(diag_rstr, &num_nodes));
1456   if (num_nodes > 0) {
1457     // Assemble element operator diagonals
1458     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumElements(diag_rstr, &num_elem));
1459     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArray(elem_diag, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &elem_diag_array));
1460 
1461     // Compute the diagonal of B^T D B
1462     CeedInt elems_per_block = 1;
1463     CeedInt grid            = CeedDivUpInt(num_elem, elems_per_block);
1464     void   *args[]          = {(void *)&num_elem,      &diag->d_identity,       &diag->d_interp_in,  &diag->d_grad_in, &diag->d_div_in,
1465                                &diag->d_curl_in,       &diag->d_interp_out,     &diag->d_grad_out,   &diag->d_div_out, &diag->d_curl_out,
1466                                &diag->d_eval_modes_in, &diag->d_eval_modes_out, &assembled_qf_array, &elem_diag_array};
1467 
1468     if (is_point_block) {
1469       CeedCallBackend(CeedRunKernelDim_Hip(ceed, diag->LinearPointBlock, grid, num_nodes, 1, elems_per_block, args));
1470     } else {
1471       CeedCallBackend(CeedRunKernelDim_Hip(ceed, diag->LinearDiagonal, grid, num_nodes, 1, elems_per_block, args));
1472     }
1473 
1474     // Restore arrays
1475     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArray(elem_diag, &elem_diag_array));
1476     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArrayRead(assembled_qf, &assembled_qf_array));
1477   }
1478 
1479   // Assemble local operator diagonal
1480   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionApply(diag_rstr, CEED_TRANSPOSE, elem_diag, assembled, request));
1481 
1482   // Cleanup
1483   CeedCallBackend(CeedDestroy(&ceed));
1484   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&assembled_qf));
1485   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
1486 }
1487 
1488 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1489 // Assemble Linear Diagonal
1490 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1491 static int CeedOperatorLinearAssembleAddDiagonal_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedVector assembled, CeedRequest *request) {
1492   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorAssembleDiagonalCore_Hip(op, assembled, request, false));
1493   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
1494 }
1495 
1496 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1497 // Assemble Linear Point Block Diagonal
1498 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1499 static int CeedOperatorLinearAssembleAddPointBlockDiagonal_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedVector assembled, CeedRequest *request) {
1500   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorAssembleDiagonalCore_Hip(op, assembled, request, true));
1501   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
1502 }
1503 
1504 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1505 // Single Operator Assembly Setup
1506 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1507 static int CeedOperatorAssembleSingleSetup_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedInt use_ceedsize_idx) {
1508   Ceed                ceed;
1509   Ceed_Hip           *hip_data;
1510   CeedInt             num_input_fields, num_output_fields, num_eval_modes_in = 0, num_eval_modes_out = 0;
1511   CeedInt             elem_size_in, num_qpts_in = 0, num_comp_in, elem_size_out, num_qpts_out, num_comp_out, q_comp;
1512   CeedEvalMode       *eval_modes_in = NULL, *eval_modes_out = NULL;
1513   CeedElemRestriction rstr_in = NULL, rstr_out = NULL;
1514   CeedBasis           basis_in = NULL, basis_out = NULL;
1515   CeedQFunctionField *qf_fields;
1516   CeedQFunction       qf;
1517   CeedOperatorField  *input_fields, *output_fields;
1518   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
1519 
1520   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
1521   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
1522 
1523   // Get intput and output fields
1524   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, &num_input_fields, &input_fields, &num_output_fields, &output_fields));
1525 
1526   // Determine active input basis eval mode
1527   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
1528   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_fields, NULL, NULL));
1529   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
1530     CeedVector vec;
1531 
1532     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(input_fields[i], &vec));
1533     if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
1534       CeedEvalMode        eval_mode;
1535       CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
1536       CeedBasis           basis;
1537 
1538       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(input_fields[i], &basis));
1539       CeedCheck(!basis_in || basis_in == basis, ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "Backend does not implement operator assembly with multiple active bases");
1540       if (!basis_in) CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisReferenceCopy(basis, &basis_in));
1541       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis));
1542       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(input_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
1543       if (!rstr_in) CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionReferenceCopy(elem_rstr, &rstr_in));
1544       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&elem_rstr));
1545       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(rstr_in, &elem_size_in));
1546       if (basis_in == CEED_BASIS_NONE) num_qpts_in = elem_size_in;
1547       else CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadraturePoints(basis_in, &num_qpts_in));
1548       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_fields[i], &eval_mode));
1549       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis_in, eval_mode, &q_comp));
1550       if (eval_mode != CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) {
1551         // q_comp = 1 if CEED_EVAL_NONE, CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT caught by QF Assembly
1552         CeedCallBackend(CeedRealloc(num_eval_modes_in + q_comp, &eval_modes_in));
1553         for (CeedInt d = 0; d < q_comp; d++) {
1554           eval_modes_in[num_eval_modes_in + d] = eval_mode;
1555         }
1556         num_eval_modes_in += q_comp;
1557       }
1558     }
1559     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec));
1560   }
1561 
1562   // Determine active output basis; basis_out and rstr_out only used if same as input, TODO
1563   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, NULL, NULL, &qf_fields));
1564   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
1565     CeedVector vec;
1566 
1567     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(output_fields[i], &vec));
1568     if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
1569       CeedEvalMode        eval_mode;
1570       CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
1571       CeedBasis           basis;
1572 
1573       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(output_fields[i], &basis));
1574       CeedCheck(!basis_out || basis_out == basis, ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND,
1575                 "Backend does not implement operator assembly with multiple active bases");
1576       if (!basis_out) CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisReferenceCopy(basis, &basis_out));
1577       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis));
1578       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(output_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
1579       if (!rstr_out) CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionReferenceCopy(elem_rstr, &rstr_out));
1580       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&elem_rstr));
1581       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(rstr_out, &elem_size_out));
1582       if (basis_out == CEED_BASIS_NONE) num_qpts_out = elem_size_out;
1583       else CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadraturePoints(basis_out, &num_qpts_out));
1584       CeedCheck(num_qpts_in == num_qpts_out, ceed, CEED_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED,
1585                 "Active input and output bases must have the same number of quadrature points");
1586       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_fields[i], &eval_mode));
1587       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis_out, eval_mode, &q_comp));
1588       if (eval_mode != CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) {
1589         // q_comp = 1 if CEED_EVAL_NONE, CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT caught by QF Assembly
1590         CeedCallBackend(CeedRealloc(num_eval_modes_out + q_comp, &eval_modes_out));
1591         for (CeedInt d = 0; d < q_comp; d++) {
1592           eval_modes_out[num_eval_modes_out + d] = eval_mode;
1593         }
1594         num_eval_modes_out += q_comp;
1595       }
1596     }
1597     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&vec));
1598   }
1599   CeedCheck(num_eval_modes_in > 0 && num_eval_modes_out > 0, ceed, CEED_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED, "Cannot assemble operator without inputs/outputs");
1600 
1601   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(1, &impl->asmb));
1602   CeedOperatorAssemble_Hip *asmb = impl->asmb;
1603   asmb->elems_per_block          = 1;
1604   asmb->block_size_x             = elem_size_in;
1605   asmb->block_size_y             = elem_size_out;
1606 
1607   CeedCallBackend(CeedGetData(ceed, &hip_data));
1608   bool fallback = asmb->block_size_x * asmb->block_size_y * asmb->elems_per_block > hip_data->device_prop.maxThreadsPerBlock;
1609 
1610   if (fallback) {
1611     // Use fallback kernel with 1D threadblock
1612     asmb->block_size_y = 1;
1613   }
1614 
1615   // Compile kernels
1616   const char assembly_kernel_source[] = "// Full assembly source\n#include <ceed/jit-source/hip/hip-ref-operator-assemble.h>\n";
1617 
1618   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumComponents(rstr_in, &num_comp_in));
1619   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumComponents(rstr_out, &num_comp_out));
1620   CeedCallBackend(CeedCompile_Hip(ceed, assembly_kernel_source, &asmb->module, 10, "NUM_EVAL_MODES_IN", num_eval_modes_in, "NUM_EVAL_MODES_OUT",
1621                                   num_eval_modes_out, "NUM_COMP_IN", num_comp_in, "NUM_COMP_OUT", num_comp_out, "NUM_NODES_IN", elem_size_in,
1622                                   "NUM_NODES_OUT", elem_size_out, "NUM_QPTS", num_qpts_in, "BLOCK_SIZE",
1623                                   asmb->block_size_x * asmb->block_size_y * asmb->elems_per_block, "BLOCK_SIZE_Y", asmb->block_size_y, "USE_CEEDSIZE",
1624                                   use_ceedsize_idx));
1625   CeedCallBackend(CeedGetKernel_Hip(ceed, asmb->module, "LinearAssemble", &asmb->LinearAssemble));
1626 
1627   // Load into B_in, in order that they will be used in eval_modes_in
1628   {
1629     const CeedInt in_bytes           = elem_size_in * num_qpts_in * num_eval_modes_in * sizeof(CeedScalar);
1630     CeedInt       d_in               = 0;
1631     CeedEvalMode  eval_modes_in_prev = CEED_EVAL_NONE;
1632     bool          has_eval_none      = false;
1633     CeedScalar   *identity           = NULL;
1634 
1635     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_eval_modes_in; i++) {
1636       has_eval_none = has_eval_none || (eval_modes_in[i] == CEED_EVAL_NONE);
1637     }
1638     if (has_eval_none) {
1639       CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(elem_size_in * num_qpts_in, &identity));
1640       for (CeedInt i = 0; i < (elem_size_in < num_qpts_in ? elem_size_in : num_qpts_in); i++) identity[i * elem_size_in + i] = 1.0;
1641     }
1642 
1643     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&asmb->d_B_in, in_bytes));
1644     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_eval_modes_in; i++) {
1645       const CeedScalar *h_B_in;
1646 
1647       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetBasisPointer(basis_in, eval_modes_in[i], identity, &h_B_in));
1648       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis_in, eval_modes_in[i], &q_comp));
1649       if (q_comp > 1) {
1650         if (i == 0 || eval_modes_in[i] != eval_modes_in_prev) d_in = 0;
1651         else h_B_in = &h_B_in[(++d_in) * elem_size_in * num_qpts_in];
1652       }
1653       eval_modes_in_prev = eval_modes_in[i];
1654 
1655       CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(&asmb->d_B_in[i * elem_size_in * num_qpts_in], h_B_in, elem_size_in * num_qpts_in * sizeof(CeedScalar),
1656                                   hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
1657     }
1658     CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&identity));
1659   }
1660   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&eval_modes_in));
1661 
1662   // Load into B_out, in order that they will be used in eval_modes_out
1663   {
1664     const CeedInt out_bytes           = elem_size_out * num_qpts_out * num_eval_modes_out * sizeof(CeedScalar);
1665     CeedInt       d_out               = 0;
1666     CeedEvalMode  eval_modes_out_prev = CEED_EVAL_NONE;
1667     bool          has_eval_none       = false;
1668     CeedScalar   *identity            = NULL;
1669 
1670     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_eval_modes_out; i++) {
1671       has_eval_none = has_eval_none || (eval_modes_out[i] == CEED_EVAL_NONE);
1672     }
1673     if (has_eval_none) {
1674       CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(elem_size_out * num_qpts_out, &identity));
1675       for (CeedInt i = 0; i < (elem_size_out < num_qpts_out ? elem_size_out : num_qpts_out); i++) identity[i * elem_size_out + i] = 1.0;
1676     }
1677 
1678     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&asmb->d_B_out, out_bytes));
1679     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_eval_modes_out; i++) {
1680       const CeedScalar *h_B_out;
1681 
1682       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetBasisPointer(basis_out, eval_modes_out[i], identity, &h_B_out));
1683       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis_out, eval_modes_out[i], &q_comp));
1684       if (q_comp > 1) {
1685         if (i == 0 || eval_modes_out[i] != eval_modes_out_prev) d_out = 0;
1686         else h_B_out = &h_B_out[(++d_out) * elem_size_out * num_qpts_out];
1687       }
1688       eval_modes_out_prev = eval_modes_out[i];
1689 
1690       CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(&asmb->d_B_out[i * elem_size_out * num_qpts_out], h_B_out, elem_size_out * num_qpts_out * sizeof(CeedScalar),
1691                                   hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
1692     }
1693     CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&identity));
1694   }
1695   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&eval_modes_out));
1696   CeedCallBackend(CeedDestroy(&ceed));
1697   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_in));
1698   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_out));
1699   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis_in));
1700   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis_out));
1701   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionDestroy(&qf));
1702   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
1703 }
1704 
1705 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1706 // Assemble matrix data for COO matrix of assembled operator.
1707 // The sparsity pattern is set by CeedOperatorLinearAssembleSymbolic.
1708 //
1709 // Note that this (and other assembly routines) currently assume only one active input restriction/basis per operator
1710 // (could have multiple basis eval modes).
1711 // TODO: allow multiple active input restrictions/basis objects
1712 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1713 static int CeedOperatorAssembleSingle_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedInt offset, CeedVector values) {
1714   Ceed                ceed;
1715   CeedSize            values_length = 0, assembled_qf_length = 0;
1716   CeedInt             use_ceedsize_idx = 0, num_elem_in, num_elem_out, elem_size_in, elem_size_out;
1717   CeedScalar         *values_array;
1718   const CeedScalar   *assembled_qf_array;
1719   CeedVector          assembled_qf   = NULL;
1720   CeedElemRestriction assembled_rstr = NULL, rstr_in, rstr_out;
1721   CeedRestrictionType rstr_type_in, rstr_type_out;
1722   const bool         *orients_in = NULL, *orients_out = NULL;
1723   const CeedInt8     *curl_orients_in = NULL, *curl_orients_out = NULL;
1724   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
1725 
1726   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
1727   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
1728 
1729   // Assemble QFunction
1730   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionBuildOrUpdate(op, &assembled_qf, &assembled_rstr, CEED_REQUEST_IMMEDIATE));
1731   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&assembled_rstr));
1732   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayRead(assembled_qf, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &assembled_qf_array));
1733 
1734   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetLength(values, &values_length));
1735   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetLength(assembled_qf, &assembled_qf_length));
1736   if ((values_length > INT_MAX) || (assembled_qf_length > INT_MAX)) use_ceedsize_idx = 1;
1737 
1738   // Setup
1739   if (!impl->asmb) CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorAssembleSingleSetup_Hip(op, use_ceedsize_idx));
1740   CeedOperatorAssemble_Hip *asmb = impl->asmb;
1741 
1742   assert(asmb != NULL);
1743 
1744   // Assemble element operator
1745   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArray(values, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &values_array));
1746   values_array += offset;
1747 
1748   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetActiveElemRestrictions(op, &rstr_in, &rstr_out));
1749   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumElements(rstr_in, &num_elem_in));
1750   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(rstr_in, &elem_size_in));
1751 
1752   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetType(rstr_in, &rstr_type_in));
1753   if (rstr_type_in == CEED_RESTRICTION_ORIENTED) {
1754     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetOrientations(rstr_in, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &orients_in));
1755   } else if (rstr_type_in == CEED_RESTRICTION_CURL_ORIENTED) {
1756     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetCurlOrientations(rstr_in, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &curl_orients_in));
1757   }
1758 
1759   if (rstr_in != rstr_out) {
1760     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumElements(rstr_out, &num_elem_out));
1761     CeedCheck(num_elem_in == num_elem_out, ceed, CEED_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED,
1762               "Active input and output operator restrictions must have the same number of elements");
1763     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(rstr_out, &elem_size_out));
1764 
1765     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetType(rstr_out, &rstr_type_out));
1766     if (rstr_type_out == CEED_RESTRICTION_ORIENTED) {
1767       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetOrientations(rstr_out, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &orients_out));
1768     } else if (rstr_type_out == CEED_RESTRICTION_CURL_ORIENTED) {
1769       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetCurlOrientations(rstr_out, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &curl_orients_out));
1770     }
1771   } else {
1772     elem_size_out    = elem_size_in;
1773     orients_out      = orients_in;
1774     curl_orients_out = curl_orients_in;
1775   }
1776 
1777   // Compute B^T D B
1778   CeedInt shared_mem =
1779       ((curl_orients_in || curl_orients_out ? elem_size_in * elem_size_out : 0) + (curl_orients_in ? elem_size_in * asmb->block_size_y : 0)) *
1780       sizeof(CeedScalar);
1781   CeedInt grid   = CeedDivUpInt(num_elem_in, asmb->elems_per_block);
1782   void   *args[] = {(void *)&num_elem_in, &asmb->d_B_in,     &asmb->d_B_out,      &orients_in,  &curl_orients_in,
1783                     &orients_out,         &curl_orients_out, &assembled_qf_array, &values_array};
1784 
1785   CeedCallBackend(CeedRunKernelDimShared_Hip(ceed, asmb->LinearAssemble, NULL, grid, asmb->block_size_x, asmb->block_size_y, asmb->elems_per_block,
1786                                              shared_mem, args));
1787 
1788   // Restore arrays
1789   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArray(values, &values_array));
1790   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArrayRead(assembled_qf, &assembled_qf_array));
1791 
1792   // Cleanup
1793   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&assembled_qf));
1794   if (rstr_type_in == CEED_RESTRICTION_ORIENTED) {
1795     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionRestoreOrientations(rstr_in, &orients_in));
1796   } else if (rstr_type_in == CEED_RESTRICTION_CURL_ORIENTED) {
1797     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionRestoreCurlOrientations(rstr_in, &curl_orients_in));
1798   }
1799   if (rstr_in != rstr_out) {
1800     if (rstr_type_out == CEED_RESTRICTION_ORIENTED) {
1801       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionRestoreOrientations(rstr_out, &orients_out));
1802     } else if (rstr_type_out == CEED_RESTRICTION_CURL_ORIENTED) {
1803       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionRestoreCurlOrientations(rstr_out, &curl_orients_out));
1804     }
1805   }
1806   CeedCallBackend(CeedDestroy(&ceed));
1807   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_in));
1808   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_out));
1809   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
1810 }
1811 
1812 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1813 // Assemble Linear QFunction AtPoints
1814 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1815 static int CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionAtPoints_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedVector *assembled, CeedElemRestriction *rstr, CeedRequest *request) {
1816   return CeedError(CeedOperatorReturnCeed(op), CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "Backend does not implement CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunction");
1817 }
1818 
1819 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1820 // Assemble Linear Diagonal AtPoints
1821 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1822 static int CeedOperatorLinearAssembleAddDiagonalAtPoints_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedVector assembled, CeedRequest *request) {
1823   CeedInt             max_num_points, *num_points, num_elem, num_input_fields, num_output_fields;
1824   Ceed                ceed;
1825   CeedVector          active_e_vec_in, active_e_vec_out;
1826   CeedQFunctionField *qf_input_fields, *qf_output_fields;
1827   CeedQFunction       qf;
1828   CeedOperatorField  *op_input_fields, *op_output_fields;
1829   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
1830 
1831   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
1832   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
1833   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
1834   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumElements(op, &num_elem));
1835   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, &num_input_fields, &op_input_fields, &num_output_fields, &op_output_fields));
1836   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_input_fields, NULL, &qf_output_fields));
1837 
1838   // Setup
1839   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetupAtPoints_Hip(op));
1840   num_points     = impl->num_points;
1841   max_num_points = impl->max_num_points;
1842 
1843   // Work vector
1844   CeedCallBackend(CeedGetWorkVector(ceed, impl->max_active_e_vec_len, &active_e_vec_in));
1845   CeedCallBackend(CeedGetWorkVector(ceed, impl->max_active_e_vec_len, &active_e_vec_out));
1846   {
1847     CeedSize length_in, length_out;
1848 
1849     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetLength(active_e_vec_in, &length_in));
1850     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetLength(active_e_vec_out, &length_out));
1851     // Need input e_vec to be longer
1852     if (length_in < length_out) {
1853       CeedVector temp = active_e_vec_in;
1854 
1855       active_e_vec_in  = active_e_vec_out;
1856       active_e_vec_out = temp;
1857     }
1858   }
1859 
1860   // Get point coordinates
1861   {
1862     CeedVector          point_coords = NULL;
1863     CeedElemRestriction rstr_points  = NULL;
1864 
1865     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorAtPointsGetPoints(op, &rstr_points, &point_coords));
1866     if (!impl->point_coords_elem) CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionCreateVector(rstr_points, NULL, &impl->point_coords_elem));
1867     {
1868       uint64_t state;
1869       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetState(point_coords, &state));
1870       if (impl->points_state != state) {
1871         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionApply(rstr_points, CEED_NOTRANSPOSE, point_coords, impl->point_coords_elem, request));
1872       }
1873     }
1874     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&point_coords));
1875     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&rstr_points));
1876   }
1877 
1878   // Process inputs
1879   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
1880     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorInputRestrict_Hip(op_input_fields[i], qf_input_fields[i], i, NULL, NULL, true, impl, request));
1881     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorInputBasisAtPoints_Hip(op_input_fields[i], qf_input_fields[i], i, NULL, NULL, num_elem, num_points, true, false,
1882                                                        impl));
1883   }
1884 
1885   // Output pointers, as necessary
1886   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
1887     CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
1888 
1889     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
1890     if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE) {
1891       CeedScalar *e_vec_array;
1892 
1893       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayWrite(impl->e_vecs_out[i], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &e_vec_array));
1894       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetArray(impl->q_vecs_out[i], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, CEED_USE_POINTER, e_vec_array));
1895     }
1896   }
1897 
1898   // Loop over active fields
1899   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
1900     bool                is_active = false, is_active_at_points = true;
1901     CeedInt             elem_size = 1, num_comp_active = 1, e_vec_size = 0, field_in = impl->input_field_order[i];
1902     CeedRestrictionType rstr_type;
1903     CeedVector          l_vec;
1904     CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
1905 
1906     // -- Skip non-active input
1907     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_fields[field_in], &l_vec));
1908     is_active = l_vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE;
1909     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&l_vec));
1910     if (!is_active || impl->skip_rstr_in[field_in]) continue;
1911 
1912     // -- Get active restriction type
1913     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_input_fields[field_in], &elem_rstr));
1914     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetType(elem_rstr, &rstr_type));
1915     is_active_at_points = rstr_type == CEED_RESTRICTION_POINTS;
1916     if (!is_active_at_points) CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(elem_rstr, &elem_size));
1917     else elem_size = max_num_points;
1918     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumComponents(elem_rstr, &num_comp_active));
1919     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&elem_rstr));
1920 
1921     e_vec_size = elem_size * num_comp_active;
1922     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValue(active_e_vec_in, 0.0));
1923     for (CeedInt s = 0; s < e_vec_size; s++) {
1924       CeedVector q_vec = impl->q_vecs_in[field_in];
1925 
1926       // Update unit vector
1927       {
1928         // Note: E-vec strides are node * (1) + comp * (elem_size * num_elem) + elem * (elem_size)
1929         CeedInt  node = (s - 1) % elem_size, comp = (s - 1) / elem_size;
1930         CeedSize start = node * 1 + comp * (elem_size * num_elem);
1931         CeedSize stop  = (comp + 1) * (elem_size * num_elem);
1932 
1933         if (s != 0) CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValueStrided(active_e_vec_in, start, stop, elem_size, 0.0));
1934 
1935         node = s % elem_size, comp = s / elem_size;
1936         start = node * 1 + comp * (elem_size * num_elem);
1937         stop  = (comp + 1) * (elem_size * num_elem);
1938         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValueStrided(active_e_vec_in, start, stop, elem_size, 1.0));
1939       }
1940 
1941       // Basis action
1942       for (CeedInt j = 0; j < num_input_fields; j++) {
1943         CeedInt field = impl->input_field_order[j];
1944 
1945         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorInputBasisAtPoints_Hip(op_input_fields[field], qf_input_fields[field], field, NULL, active_e_vec_in, num_elem,
1946                                                            num_points, false, true, impl));
1947       }
1948 
1949       // Q function
1950       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionApply(qf, num_elem * max_num_points, impl->q_vecs_in, impl->q_vecs_out));
1951 
1952       // Output basis apply if needed
1953       for (CeedInt j = 0; j < num_output_fields; j++) {
1954         bool                is_active = false;
1955         CeedInt             elem_size = 0;
1956         CeedInt             field_out = impl->output_field_order[j];
1957         CeedRestrictionType rstr_type;
1958         CeedEvalMode        eval_mode;
1959         CeedVector          l_vec, e_vec = impl->e_vecs_out[field_out], q_vec = impl->q_vecs_out[field_out];
1960         CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
1961 
1962         // ---- Skip non-active output
1963         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_output_fields[field_out], &l_vec));
1964         is_active = l_vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE;
1965         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&l_vec));
1966         if (!is_active) continue;
1967         if (!e_vec) e_vec = active_e_vec_out;
1968 
1969         // ---- Check if elem size matches
1970         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_output_fields[field_out], &elem_rstr));
1971         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetType(elem_rstr, &rstr_type));
1972         if (is_active_at_points && rstr_type != CEED_RESTRICTION_POINTS) continue;
1973         if (rstr_type == CEED_RESTRICTION_POINTS) {
1974           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetMaxPointsInElement(elem_rstr, &elem_size));
1975         } else {
1976           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(elem_rstr, &elem_size));
1977         }
1978         {
1979           CeedInt num_comp = 0;
1980 
1981           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumComponents(elem_rstr, &num_comp));
1982           if (e_vec_size != num_comp * elem_size) continue;
1983         }
1984 
1985         // Basis action
1986         CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[field_out], &eval_mode));
1987         switch (eval_mode) {
1988           case CEED_EVAL_NONE: {
1989             CeedScalar *e_vec_array;
1990 
1991             CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorTakeArray(q_vec, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &e_vec_array));
1992             CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArray(e_vec, &e_vec_array));
1993             break;
1994           }
1995           case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
1996           case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
1997           case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
1998           case CEED_EVAL_CURL: {
1999             CeedBasis basis;
2000 
2001             CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_output_fields[field_out], &basis));
2002             if (impl->apply_add_basis_out[field_out]) {
2003               CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisApplyAddAtPoints(basis, num_elem, num_points, CEED_TRANSPOSE, eval_mode, impl->point_coords_elem, q_vec,
2004                                                         e_vec));
2005             } else {
2006               CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisApplyAtPoints(basis, num_elem, num_points, CEED_TRANSPOSE, eval_mode, impl->point_coords_elem, q_vec, e_vec));
2007             }
2008             CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisDestroy(&basis));
2009             break;
2010           }
2011           // LCOV_EXCL_START
2012           case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT: {
2013             return CeedError(CeedOperatorReturnCeed(op), CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT cannot be an output evaluation mode");
2014             // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
2015           }
2016         }
2017 
2018         // Continue if a field that is summed into
2019         if (impl->skip_rstr_out[field_out]) {
2020           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&elem_rstr));
2021           continue;
2022         }
2023 
2024         // Mask output e-vec
2025         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorPointwiseMult(e_vec, active_e_vec_in, e_vec));
2026 
2027         // Restrict
2028         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionApply(elem_rstr, CEED_TRANSPOSE, e_vec, assembled, request));
2029         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&elem_rstr));
2030 
2031         // Reset q_vec for
2032         if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE) {
2033           CeedScalar *e_vec_array;
2034 
2035           CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayWrite(e_vec, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &e_vec_array));
2036           CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetArray(q_vec, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, CEED_USE_POINTER, e_vec_array));
2037         }
2038       }
2039 
2040       // Reset vec
2041       if (s == e_vec_size - 1 && i != num_input_fields - 1) CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValue(q_vec, 0.0));
2042     }
2043   }
2044 
2045   // Restore CEED_EVAL_NONE
2046   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
2047     CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
2048 
2049     // Get eval_mode
2050     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
2051 
2052     // Restore evec
2053     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
2054     if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE) {
2055       CeedScalar *e_vec_array;
2056 
2057       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorTakeArray(impl->q_vecs_out[i], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &e_vec_array));
2058       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArray(impl->e_vecs_out[i], &e_vec_array));
2059     }
2060   }
2061 
2062   // Restore input arrays
2063   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
2064     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorInputRestore_Hip(op_input_fields[i], qf_input_fields[i], i, NULL, NULL, true, impl));
2065   }
2066 
2067   // Restore work vector
2068   CeedCallBackend(CeedRestoreWorkVector(ceed, &active_e_vec_in));
2069   CeedCallBackend(CeedRestoreWorkVector(ceed, &active_e_vec_out));
2070   CeedCallBackend(CeedDestroy(&ceed));
2071   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionDestroy(&qf));
2072   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
2073 }
2074 
2075 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2076 // Create operator
2077 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2078 int CeedOperatorCreate_Hip(CeedOperator op) {
2079   Ceed              ceed;
2080   CeedOperator_Hip *impl;
2081 
2082   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
2083   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(1, &impl));
2084   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetData(op, impl));
2085 
2086   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "LinearAssembleQFunction", CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunction_Hip));
2087   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "LinearAssembleQFunctionUpdate", CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionUpdate_Hip));
2088   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "LinearAssembleAddDiagonal", CeedOperatorLinearAssembleAddDiagonal_Hip));
2089   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "LinearAssembleAddPointBlockDiagonal",
2090                                          CeedOperatorLinearAssembleAddPointBlockDiagonal_Hip));
2091   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "LinearAssembleSingle", CeedOperatorAssembleSingle_Hip));
2092   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "ApplyAdd", CeedOperatorApplyAdd_Hip));
2093   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "Destroy", CeedOperatorDestroy_Hip));
2094   CeedCallBackend(CeedDestroy(&ceed));
2095   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
2096 }
2097 
2098 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2099 // Create operator AtPoints
2100 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2101 int CeedOperatorCreateAtPoints_Hip(CeedOperator op) {
2102   Ceed              ceed;
2103   CeedOperator_Hip *impl;
2104 
2105   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
2106   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(1, &impl));
2107   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetData(op, impl));
2108 
2109   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "LinearAssembleQFunction", CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionAtPoints_Hip));
2110   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "LinearAssembleAddDiagonal", CeedOperatorLinearAssembleAddDiagonalAtPoints_Hip));
2111   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "ApplyAdd", CeedOperatorApplyAddAtPoints_Hip));
2112   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "Destroy", CeedOperatorDestroy_Hip));
2113   CeedCallBackend(CeedDestroy(&ceed));
2114   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
2115 }
2116 
2117 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2118