xref: /libCEED/backends/hip-ref/ceed-hip-ref-operator.c (revision db2becc9f302fe8eb3a32ace50ce3f3a5d42e6c4)
1 // Copyright (c) 2017-2024, Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC and other CEED contributors.
2 // All Rights Reserved. See the top-level LICENSE and NOTICE files for details.
3 //
4 // SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
5 //
6 // This file is part of CEED:  http://github.com/ceed
7 
8 #include <ceed.h>
9 #include <ceed/backend.h>
10 #include <ceed/jit-tools.h>
11 #include <assert.h>
12 #include <stdbool.h>
13 #include <string.h>
14 #include <hip/hip_runtime.h>
15 
16 #include "../hip/ceed-hip-common.h"
17 #include "../hip/ceed-hip-compile.h"
18 #include "ceed-hip-ref.h"
19 
20 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
21 // Destroy operator
22 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
23 static int CeedOperatorDestroy_Hip(CeedOperator op) {
24   CeedOperator_Hip *impl;
25 
26   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
27 
28   // Apply data
29   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->skip_rstr_in));
30   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < impl->num_inputs + impl->num_outputs; i++) {
31     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&impl->e_vecs[i]));
32   }
33   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->e_vecs));
34   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->input_states));
35 
36   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < impl->num_inputs; i++) {
37     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&impl->q_vecs_in[i]));
38   }
39   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->q_vecs_in));
40 
41   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < impl->num_outputs; i++) {
42     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&impl->q_vecs_out[i]));
43   }
44   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->q_vecs_out));
45   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&impl->point_coords_elem));
46 
47   // QFunction assembly data
48   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < impl->num_active_in; i++) {
49     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&impl->qf_active_in[i]));
50   }
51   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->qf_active_in));
52 
53   // Diag data
54   if (impl->diag) {
55     Ceed ceed;
56 
57     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
58     if (impl->diag->module) {
59       CeedCallHip(ceed, hipModuleUnload(impl->diag->module));
60     }
61     if (impl->diag->module_point_block) {
62       CeedCallHip(ceed, hipModuleUnload(impl->diag->module_point_block));
63     }
64     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_eval_modes_in));
65     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_eval_modes_out));
66     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_identity));
67     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_interp_in));
68     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_interp_out));
69     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_grad_in));
70     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_grad_out));
71     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_div_in));
72     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_div_out));
73     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_curl_in));
74     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->diag->d_curl_out));
75     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&impl->diag->diag_rstr));
76     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&impl->diag->point_block_diag_rstr));
77     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&impl->diag->elem_diag));
78     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&impl->diag->point_block_elem_diag));
79   }
80   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->diag));
81 
82   if (impl->asmb) {
83     Ceed ceed;
84 
85     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
86     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipModuleUnload(impl->asmb->module));
87     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->asmb->d_B_in));
88     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipFree(impl->asmb->d_B_out));
89   }
90   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->asmb));
91 
92   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl));
93   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
94 }
95 
96 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
97 // Setup infields or outfields
98 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
99 static int CeedOperatorSetupFields_Hip(CeedQFunction qf, CeedOperator op, bool is_input, bool is_at_points, bool *skip_rstr, CeedVector *e_vecs,
100                                        CeedVector *q_vecs, CeedInt start_e, CeedInt num_fields, CeedInt Q, CeedInt num_elem) {
101   Ceed                ceed;
102   CeedQFunctionField *qf_fields;
103   CeedOperatorField  *op_fields;
104 
105   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
106   if (is_input) {
107     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, NULL, &op_fields, NULL, NULL));
108     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_fields, NULL, NULL));
109   } else {
110     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, NULL, NULL, NULL, &op_fields));
111     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, NULL, NULL, &qf_fields));
112   }
113 
114   // Loop over fields
115   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_fields; i++) {
116     bool         is_strided = false, skip_restriction = false;
117     CeedSize     q_size;
118     CeedInt      size;
119     CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
120     CeedBasis    basis;
121 
122     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_fields[i], &eval_mode));
123     if (eval_mode != CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) {
124       CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
125 
126       // Check whether this field can skip the element restriction:
127       // Must be passive input, with eval_mode NONE, and have a strided restriction with CEED_STRIDES_BACKEND.
128       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
129 
130       // First, check whether the field is input or output:
131       if (is_input) {
132         CeedVector vec;
133 
134         // Check for passive input
135         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_fields[i], &vec));
136         if (vec != CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
137           // Check eval_mode
138           if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE) {
139             // Check for strided restriction
140             CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionIsStrided(elem_rstr, &is_strided));
141             if (is_strided) {
142               // Check if vector is already in preferred backend ordering
143               CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionHasBackendStrides(elem_rstr, &skip_restriction));
144             }
145           }
146         }
147       }
148       if (skip_restriction) {
149         // We do not need an E-Vector, but will use the input field vector's data directly in the operator application.
150         e_vecs[i + start_e] = NULL;
151       } else {
152         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionCreateVector(elem_rstr, NULL, &e_vecs[i + start_e]));
153       }
154     }
155 
156     switch (eval_mode) {
157       case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
158         CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetSize(qf_fields[i], &size));
159         q_size = (CeedSize)num_elem * Q * size;
160         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorCreate(ceed, q_size, &q_vecs[i]));
161         break;
162       case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
163       case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
164       case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
165       case CEED_EVAL_CURL:
166         CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetSize(qf_fields[i], &size));
167         q_size = (CeedSize)num_elem * Q * size;
168         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorCreate(ceed, q_size, &q_vecs[i]));
169         break;
170       case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT:  // Only on input fields
171         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_fields[i], &basis));
172         q_size = (CeedSize)num_elem * Q;
173         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorCreate(ceed, q_size, &q_vecs[i]));
174         if (is_at_points) {
175           CeedInt num_points[num_elem];
176 
177           for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_elem; i++) num_points[i] = Q;
178           CeedCallBackend(
179               CeedBasisApplyAtPoints(basis, num_elem, num_points, CEED_NOTRANSPOSE, CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT, CEED_VECTOR_NONE, CEED_VECTOR_NONE, q_vecs[i]));
180         } else {
181           CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisApply(basis, num_elem, CEED_NOTRANSPOSE, CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT, CEED_VECTOR_NONE, q_vecs[i]));
182         }
183         break;
184     }
185   }
186   // Drop duplicate input restrictions
187   if (is_input) {
188     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_fields; i++) {
189       CeedVector          vec_i;
190       CeedElemRestriction rstr_i;
191 
192       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_fields[i], &vec_i));
193       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_fields[i], &rstr_i));
194       for (CeedInt j = i + 1; j < num_fields; j++) {
195         CeedVector          vec_j;
196         CeedElemRestriction rstr_j;
197 
198         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_fields[j], &vec_j));
199         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_fields[j], &rstr_j));
200         if (vec_i == vec_j && rstr_i == rstr_j) {
201           CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorReferenceCopy(e_vecs[i], &e_vecs[j]));
202           skip_rstr[j] = true;
203         }
204       }
205     }
206   }
207   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
208 }
209 
210 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
211 // CeedOperator needs to connect all the named fields (be they active or passive) to the named inputs and outputs of its CeedQFunction.
212 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
213 static int CeedOperatorSetup_Hip(CeedOperator op) {
214   Ceed                ceed;
215   bool                is_setup_done;
216   CeedInt             Q, num_elem, num_input_fields, num_output_fields;
217   CeedQFunctionField *qf_input_fields, *qf_output_fields;
218   CeedQFunction       qf;
219   CeedOperatorField  *op_input_fields, *op_output_fields;
220   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
221 
222   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorIsSetupDone(op, &is_setup_done));
223   if (is_setup_done) return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
224 
225   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
226   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
227   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
228   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumQuadraturePoints(op, &Q));
229   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumElements(op, &num_elem));
230   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, &num_input_fields, &op_input_fields, &num_output_fields, &op_output_fields));
231   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_input_fields, NULL, &qf_output_fields));
232 
233   // Allocate
234   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_input_fields + num_output_fields, &impl->e_vecs));
235   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(CEED_FIELD_MAX, &impl->skip_rstr_in));
236   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(CEED_FIELD_MAX, &impl->input_states));
237   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(CEED_FIELD_MAX, &impl->q_vecs_in));
238   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(CEED_FIELD_MAX, &impl->q_vecs_out));
239   impl->num_inputs  = num_input_fields;
240   impl->num_outputs = num_output_fields;
241 
242   // Set up infield and outfield e_vecs and q_vecs
243   // Infields
244   CeedCallBackend(
245       CeedOperatorSetupFields_Hip(qf, op, true, false, impl->skip_rstr_in, impl->e_vecs, impl->q_vecs_in, 0, num_input_fields, Q, num_elem));
246   // Outfields
247   CeedCallBackend(
248       CeedOperatorSetupFields_Hip(qf, op, false, false, NULL, impl->e_vecs, impl->q_vecs_out, num_input_fields, num_output_fields, Q, num_elem));
249 
250   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetSetupDone(op));
251   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
252 }
253 
254 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
255 // Setup Operator Inputs
256 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
257 static inline int CeedOperatorSetupInputs_Hip(CeedInt num_input_fields, CeedQFunctionField *qf_input_fields, CeedOperatorField *op_input_fields,
258                                               CeedVector in_vec, const bool skip_active, CeedScalar *e_data[2 * CEED_FIELD_MAX],
259                                               CeedOperator_Hip *impl, CeedRequest *request) {
260   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
261     CeedEvalMode        eval_mode;
262     CeedVector          vec;
263     CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
264 
265     // Get input vector
266     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_fields[i], &vec));
267     if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
268       if (skip_active) continue;
269       else vec = in_vec;
270     }
271 
272     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_input_fields[i], &eval_mode));
273     if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) {  // Skip
274     } else {
275       // Get input vector
276       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_fields[i], &vec));
277       // Get input element restriction
278       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_input_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
279       if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) vec = in_vec;
280       // Restrict, if necessary
281       if (!impl->e_vecs[i]) {
282         // No restriction for this field; read data directly from vec.
283         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayRead(vec, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, (const CeedScalar **)&e_data[i]));
284       } else {
285         uint64_t state;
286 
287         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetState(vec, &state));
288         if (state != impl->input_states[i] && !impl->skip_rstr_in[i]) {
289           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionApply(elem_rstr, CEED_NOTRANSPOSE, vec, impl->e_vecs[i], request));
290         }
291         impl->input_states[i] = state;
292         // Get evec
293         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayRead(impl->e_vecs[i], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, (const CeedScalar **)&e_data[i]));
294       }
295     }
296   }
297   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
298 }
299 
300 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
301 // Input Basis Action
302 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
303 static inline int CeedOperatorInputBasis_Hip(CeedInt num_elem, CeedQFunctionField *qf_input_fields, CeedOperatorField *op_input_fields,
304                                              CeedInt num_input_fields, const bool skip_active, CeedScalar *e_data[2 * CEED_FIELD_MAX],
305                                              CeedOperator_Hip *impl) {
306   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
307     CeedInt             elem_size, size;
308     CeedEvalMode        eval_mode;
309     CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
310     CeedBasis           basis;
311 
312     // Skip active input
313     if (skip_active) {
314       CeedVector vec;
315 
316       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_fields[i], &vec));
317       if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) continue;
318     }
319     // Get elem_size, eval_mode, size
320     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_input_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
321     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(elem_rstr, &elem_size));
322     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_input_fields[i], &eval_mode));
323     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetSize(qf_input_fields[i], &size));
324     // Basis action
325     switch (eval_mode) {
326       case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
327         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetArray(impl->q_vecs_in[i], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, CEED_USE_POINTER, e_data[i]));
328         break;
329       case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
330       case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
331       case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
332       case CEED_EVAL_CURL:
333         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_input_fields[i], &basis));
334         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisApply(basis, num_elem, CEED_NOTRANSPOSE, eval_mode, impl->e_vecs[i], impl->q_vecs_in[i]));
335         break;
336       case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT:
337         break;  // No action
338     }
339   }
340   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
341 }
342 
343 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
344 // Restore Input Vectors
345 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
346 static inline int CeedOperatorRestoreInputs_Hip(CeedInt num_input_fields, CeedQFunctionField *qf_input_fields, CeedOperatorField *op_input_fields,
347                                                 const bool skip_active, CeedScalar *e_data[2 * CEED_FIELD_MAX], CeedOperator_Hip *impl) {
348   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
349     CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
350     CeedVector   vec;
351 
352     // Skip active input
353     if (skip_active) {
354       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_fields[i], &vec));
355       if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) continue;
356     }
357     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_input_fields[i], &eval_mode));
358     if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) {  // Skip
359     } else {
360       if (!impl->e_vecs[i]) {  // This was a skip_restriction case
361         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_fields[i], &vec));
362         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArrayRead(vec, (const CeedScalar **)&e_data[i]));
363       } else {
364         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArrayRead(impl->e_vecs[i], (const CeedScalar **)&e_data[i]));
365       }
366     }
367   }
368   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
369 }
370 
371 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
372 // Apply and add to output
373 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
374 static int CeedOperatorApplyAdd_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedVector in_vec, CeedVector out_vec, CeedRequest *request) {
375   CeedInt             Q, num_elem, elem_size, num_input_fields, num_output_fields, size;
376   CeedScalar         *e_data[2 * CEED_FIELD_MAX] = {NULL};
377   CeedQFunctionField *qf_input_fields, *qf_output_fields;
378   CeedQFunction       qf;
379   CeedOperatorField  *op_input_fields, *op_output_fields;
380   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
381 
382   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
383   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
384   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumQuadraturePoints(op, &Q));
385   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumElements(op, &num_elem));
386   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, &num_input_fields, &op_input_fields, &num_output_fields, &op_output_fields));
387   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_input_fields, NULL, &qf_output_fields));
388 
389   // Setup
390   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetup_Hip(op));
391 
392   // Input Evecs and Restriction
393   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetupInputs_Hip(num_input_fields, qf_input_fields, op_input_fields, in_vec, false, e_data, impl, request));
394 
395   // Input basis apply if needed
396   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorInputBasis_Hip(num_elem, qf_input_fields, op_input_fields, num_input_fields, false, e_data, impl));
397 
398   // Output pointers, as necessary
399   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
400     CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
401 
402     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
403     if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE) {
404       // Set the output Q-Vector to use the E-Vector data directly.
405       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayWrite(impl->e_vecs[i + impl->num_inputs], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &e_data[i + num_input_fields]));
406       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetArray(impl->q_vecs_out[i], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, CEED_USE_POINTER, e_data[i + num_input_fields]));
407     }
408   }
409 
410   // Q function
411   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionApply(qf, num_elem * Q, impl->q_vecs_in, impl->q_vecs_out));
412 
413   // Output basis apply if needed
414   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
415     CeedEvalMode        eval_mode;
416     CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
417     CeedBasis           basis;
418 
419     // Get elem_size, eval_mode, size
420     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_output_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
421     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(elem_rstr, &elem_size));
422     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
423     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetSize(qf_output_fields[i], &size));
424     // Basis action
425     switch (eval_mode) {
426       case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
427         break;  // No action
428       case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
429       case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
430       case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
431       case CEED_EVAL_CURL:
432         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_output_fields[i], &basis));
433         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisApply(basis, num_elem, CEED_TRANSPOSE, eval_mode, impl->q_vecs_out[i], impl->e_vecs[i + impl->num_inputs]));
434         break;
435       // LCOV_EXCL_START
436       case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT: {
437         return CeedError(CeedOperatorReturnCeed(op), CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT cannot be an output evaluation mode");
438         // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
439       }
440     }
441   }
442 
443   // Output restriction
444   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
445     CeedEvalMode        eval_mode;
446     CeedVector          vec;
447     CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
448 
449     // Restore evec
450     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
451     if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE) {
452       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArray(impl->e_vecs[i + impl->num_inputs], &e_data[i + num_input_fields]));
453     }
454     // Get output vector
455     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_output_fields[i], &vec));
456     // Restrict
457     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_output_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
458     // Active
459     if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) vec = out_vec;
460 
461     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionApply(elem_rstr, CEED_TRANSPOSE, impl->e_vecs[i + impl->num_inputs], vec, request));
462   }
463 
464   // Restore input arrays
465   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorRestoreInputs_Hip(num_input_fields, qf_input_fields, op_input_fields, false, e_data, impl));
466   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
467 }
468 
469 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
470 // CeedOperator needs to connect all the named fields (be they active or passive) to the named inputs and outputs of its CeedQFunction.
471 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
472 static int CeedOperatorSetupAtPoints_Hip(CeedOperator op) {
473   Ceed                ceed;
474   bool                is_setup_done;
475   CeedInt             max_num_points = -1, num_elem, num_input_fields, num_output_fields;
476   CeedQFunctionField *qf_input_fields, *qf_output_fields;
477   CeedQFunction       qf;
478   CeedOperatorField  *op_input_fields, *op_output_fields;
479   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
480 
481   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorIsSetupDone(op, &is_setup_done));
482   if (is_setup_done) return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
483 
484   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
485   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
486   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
487   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumElements(op, &num_elem));
488   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, &num_input_fields, &op_input_fields, &num_output_fields, &op_output_fields));
489   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_input_fields, NULL, &qf_output_fields));
490   {
491     CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr = NULL;
492 
493     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorAtPointsGetPoints(op, &elem_rstr, NULL));
494     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetMaxPointsInElement(elem_rstr, &max_num_points));
495   }
496   impl->max_num_points = max_num_points;
497 
498   // Allocate
499   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_input_fields + num_output_fields, &impl->e_vecs));
500   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(CEED_FIELD_MAX, &impl->skip_rstr_in));
501   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(CEED_FIELD_MAX, &impl->input_states));
502   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(CEED_FIELD_MAX, &impl->q_vecs_in));
503   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(CEED_FIELD_MAX, &impl->q_vecs_out));
504   impl->num_inputs  = num_input_fields;
505   impl->num_outputs = num_output_fields;
506 
507   // Set up infield and outfield e_vecs and q_vecs
508   // Infields
509   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetupFields_Hip(qf, op, true, true, impl->skip_rstr_in, impl->e_vecs, impl->q_vecs_in, 0, num_input_fields,
510                                               max_num_points, num_elem));
511   // Outfields
512   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetupFields_Hip(qf, op, false, true, NULL, impl->e_vecs, impl->q_vecs_out, num_input_fields, num_output_fields,
513                                               max_num_points, num_elem));
514 
515   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetSetupDone(op));
516   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
517 }
518 
519 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
520 // Input Basis Action AtPoints
521 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
522 static inline int CeedOperatorInputBasisAtPoints_Hip(CeedInt num_elem, const CeedInt *num_points, CeedQFunctionField *qf_input_fields,
523                                                      CeedOperatorField *op_input_fields, CeedInt num_input_fields, const bool skip_active,
524                                                      CeedScalar *e_data[2 * CEED_FIELD_MAX], CeedOperator_Hip *impl) {
525   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
526     CeedInt             elem_size, size;
527     CeedEvalMode        eval_mode;
528     CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
529     CeedBasis           basis;
530 
531     // Skip active input
532     if (skip_active) {
533       CeedVector vec;
534 
535       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_fields[i], &vec));
536       if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) continue;
537     }
538     // Get elem_size, eval_mode, size
539     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_input_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
540     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(elem_rstr, &elem_size));
541     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_input_fields[i], &eval_mode));
542     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetSize(qf_input_fields[i], &size));
543     // Basis action
544     switch (eval_mode) {
545       case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
546         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetArray(impl->q_vecs_in[i], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, CEED_USE_POINTER, e_data[i]));
547         break;
548       case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
549       case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
550       case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
551       case CEED_EVAL_CURL:
552         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_input_fields[i], &basis));
553         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisApplyAtPoints(basis, num_elem, num_points, CEED_NOTRANSPOSE, eval_mode, impl->point_coords_elem, impl->e_vecs[i],
554                                                impl->q_vecs_in[i]));
555         break;
556       case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT:
557         break;  // No action
558     }
559   }
560   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
561 }
562 
563 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
564 // Apply and add to output AtPoints
565 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
566 static int CeedOperatorApplyAddAtPoints_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedVector in_vec, CeedVector out_vec, CeedRequest *request) {
567   CeedInt             max_num_points, num_elem, elem_size, num_input_fields, num_output_fields, size;
568   CeedScalar         *e_data[2 * CEED_FIELD_MAX] = {NULL};
569   CeedQFunctionField *qf_input_fields, *qf_output_fields;
570   CeedQFunction       qf;
571   CeedOperatorField  *op_input_fields, *op_output_fields;
572   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
573 
574   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
575   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
576   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumElements(op, &num_elem));
577   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, &num_input_fields, &op_input_fields, &num_output_fields, &op_output_fields));
578   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_input_fields, NULL, &qf_output_fields));
579   CeedInt num_points[num_elem];
580 
581   // Setup
582   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetupAtPoints_Hip(op));
583   max_num_points = impl->max_num_points;
584   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_elem; i++) num_points[i] = max_num_points;
585 
586   // Input Evecs and Restriction
587   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetupInputs_Hip(num_input_fields, qf_input_fields, op_input_fields, in_vec, false, e_data, impl, request));
588 
589   // Get point coordinates
590   if (!impl->point_coords_elem) {
591     CeedVector          point_coords = NULL;
592     CeedElemRestriction rstr_points  = NULL;
593 
594     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorAtPointsGetPoints(op, &rstr_points, &point_coords));
595     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionCreateVector(rstr_points, NULL, &impl->point_coords_elem));
596     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionApply(rstr_points, CEED_NOTRANSPOSE, point_coords, impl->point_coords_elem, request));
597   }
598 
599   // Input basis apply if needed
600   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorInputBasisAtPoints_Hip(num_elem, num_points, qf_input_fields, op_input_fields, num_input_fields, false, e_data, impl));
601 
602   // Output pointers, as necessary
603   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
604     CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
605 
606     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
607     if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE) {
608       // Set the output Q-Vector to use the E-Vector data directly.
609       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayWrite(impl->e_vecs[i + impl->num_inputs], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &e_data[i + num_input_fields]));
610       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetArray(impl->q_vecs_out[i], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, CEED_USE_POINTER, e_data[i + num_input_fields]));
611     }
612   }
613 
614   // Q function
615   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionApply(qf, num_elem * max_num_points, impl->q_vecs_in, impl->q_vecs_out));
616 
617   // Output basis apply if needed
618   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
619     CeedEvalMode        eval_mode;
620     CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
621     CeedBasis           basis;
622 
623     // Get elem_size, eval_mode, size
624     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_output_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
625     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(elem_rstr, &elem_size));
626     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
627     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetSize(qf_output_fields[i], &size));
628     // Basis action
629     switch (eval_mode) {
630       case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
631         break;  // No action
632       case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
633       case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
634       case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
635       case CEED_EVAL_CURL:
636         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_output_fields[i], &basis));
637         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisApplyAtPoints(basis, num_elem, num_points, CEED_TRANSPOSE, eval_mode, impl->point_coords_elem, impl->q_vecs_out[i],
638                                                impl->e_vecs[i + impl->num_inputs]));
639         break;
640       // LCOV_EXCL_START
641       case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT: {
642         return CeedError(CeedOperatorReturnCeed(op), CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT cannot be an output evaluation mode");
643         // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
644       }
645     }
646   }
647 
648   // Output restriction
649   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
650     CeedEvalMode        eval_mode;
651     CeedVector          vec;
652     CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
653 
654     // Restore evec
655     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
656     if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE) {
657       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArray(impl->e_vecs[i + impl->num_inputs], &e_data[i + num_input_fields]));
658     }
659     // Get output vector
660     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_output_fields[i], &vec));
661     // Restrict
662     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_output_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
663     // Active
664     if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) vec = out_vec;
665 
666     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionApply(elem_rstr, CEED_TRANSPOSE, impl->e_vecs[i + impl->num_inputs], vec, request));
667   }
668 
669   // Restore input arrays
670   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorRestoreInputs_Hip(num_input_fields, qf_input_fields, op_input_fields, false, e_data, impl));
671   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
672 }
673 
674 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
675 // Linear QFunction Assembly Core
676 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
677 static inline int CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionCore_Hip(CeedOperator op, bool build_objects, CeedVector *assembled, CeedElemRestriction *rstr,
678                                                               CeedRequest *request) {
679   Ceed                ceed, ceed_parent;
680   CeedInt             num_active_in, num_active_out, Q, num_elem, num_input_fields, num_output_fields, size;
681   CeedScalar         *assembled_array, *e_data[2 * CEED_FIELD_MAX] = {NULL};
682   CeedVector         *active_inputs;
683   CeedQFunctionField *qf_input_fields, *qf_output_fields;
684   CeedQFunction       qf;
685   CeedOperatorField  *op_input_fields, *op_output_fields;
686   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
687 
688   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
689   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFallbackParentCeed(op, &ceed_parent));
690   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
691   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumQuadraturePoints(op, &Q));
692   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumElements(op, &num_elem));
693   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
694   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_input_fields, NULL, &qf_output_fields));
695   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, &num_input_fields, &op_input_fields, &num_output_fields, &op_output_fields));
696   active_inputs = impl->qf_active_in;
697   num_active_in = impl->num_active_in, num_active_out = impl->num_active_out;
698 
699   // Setup
700   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetup_Hip(op));
701 
702   // Input Evecs and Restriction
703   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetupInputs_Hip(num_input_fields, qf_input_fields, op_input_fields, NULL, true, e_data, impl, request));
704 
705   // Count number of active input fields
706   if (!num_active_in) {
707     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
708       CeedScalar *q_vec_array;
709       CeedVector  vec;
710 
711       // Get input vector
712       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_fields[i], &vec));
713       // Check if active input
714       if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
715         CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetSize(qf_input_fields[i], &size));
716         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValue(impl->q_vecs_in[i], 0.0));
717         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArray(impl->q_vecs_in[i], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &q_vec_array));
718         CeedCallBackend(CeedRealloc(num_active_in + size, &active_inputs));
719         for (CeedInt field = 0; field < size; field++) {
720           CeedSize q_size = (CeedSize)Q * num_elem;
721 
722           CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorCreate(ceed, q_size, &active_inputs[num_active_in + field]));
723           CeedCallBackend(
724               CeedVectorSetArray(active_inputs[num_active_in + field], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, CEED_USE_POINTER, &q_vec_array[field * Q * num_elem]));
725         }
726         num_active_in += size;
727         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArray(impl->q_vecs_in[i], &q_vec_array));
728       }
729     }
730     impl->num_active_in = num_active_in;
731     impl->qf_active_in  = active_inputs;
732   }
733 
734   // Count number of active output fields
735   if (!num_active_out) {
736     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
737       CeedVector vec;
738 
739       // Get output vector
740       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_output_fields[i], &vec));
741       // Check if active output
742       if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
743         CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetSize(qf_output_fields[i], &size));
744         num_active_out += size;
745       }
746     }
747     impl->num_active_out = num_active_out;
748   }
749 
750   // Check sizes
751   CeedCheck(num_active_in > 0 && num_active_out > 0, ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "Cannot assemble QFunction without active inputs and outputs");
752 
753   // Build objects if needed
754   if (build_objects) {
755     CeedSize l_size     = (CeedSize)num_elem * Q * num_active_in * num_active_out;
756     CeedInt  strides[3] = {1, num_elem * Q, Q}; /* *NOPAD* */
757 
758     // Create output restriction
759     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionCreateStrided(ceed_parent, num_elem, Q, num_active_in * num_active_out,
760                                                      (CeedSize)num_active_in * (CeedSize)num_active_out * (CeedSize)num_elem * (CeedSize)Q, strides,
761                                                      rstr));
762     // Create assembled vector
763     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorCreate(ceed_parent, l_size, assembled));
764   }
765   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValue(*assembled, 0.0));
766   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArray(*assembled, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &assembled_array));
767 
768   // Input basis apply
769   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorInputBasis_Hip(num_elem, qf_input_fields, op_input_fields, num_input_fields, true, e_data, impl));
770 
771   // Assemble QFunction
772   for (CeedInt in = 0; in < num_active_in; in++) {
773     // Set Inputs
774     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValue(active_inputs[in], 1.0));
775     if (num_active_in > 1) {
776       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValue(active_inputs[(in + num_active_in - 1) % num_active_in], 0.0));
777     }
778     // Set Outputs
779     for (CeedInt out = 0; out < num_output_fields; out++) {
780       CeedVector vec;
781 
782       // Get output vector
783       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_output_fields[out], &vec));
784       // Check if active output
785       if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
786         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetArray(impl->q_vecs_out[out], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, CEED_USE_POINTER, assembled_array));
787         CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetSize(qf_output_fields[out], &size));
788         assembled_array += size * Q * num_elem;  // Advance the pointer by the size of the output
789       }
790     }
791     // Apply QFunction
792     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionApply(qf, Q * num_elem, impl->q_vecs_in, impl->q_vecs_out));
793   }
794 
795   // Un-set output q_vecs to prevent accidental overwrite of Assembled
796   for (CeedInt out = 0; out < num_output_fields; out++) {
797     CeedVector vec;
798 
799     // Get output vector
800     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_output_fields[out], &vec));
801     // Check if active output
802     if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
803       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorTakeArray(impl->q_vecs_out[out], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, NULL));
804     }
805   }
806 
807   // Restore input arrays
808   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorRestoreInputs_Hip(num_input_fields, qf_input_fields, op_input_fields, true, e_data, impl));
809 
810   // Restore output
811   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArray(*assembled, &assembled_array));
812   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
813 }
814 
815 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
816 // Assemble Linear QFunction
817 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
818 static int CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunction_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedVector *assembled, CeedElemRestriction *rstr, CeedRequest *request) {
819   return CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionCore_Hip(op, true, assembled, rstr, request);
820 }
821 
822 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
823 // Update Assembled Linear QFunction
824 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
825 static int CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionUpdate_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedVector assembled, CeedElemRestriction rstr, CeedRequest *request) {
826   return CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionCore_Hip(op, false, &assembled, &rstr, request);
827 }
828 
829 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
830 // Assemble Diagonal Setup
831 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
832 static inline int CeedOperatorAssembleDiagonalSetup_Hip(CeedOperator op) {
833   Ceed                ceed;
834   CeedInt             num_input_fields, num_output_fields, num_eval_modes_in = 0, num_eval_modes_out = 0;
835   CeedInt             q_comp, num_nodes, num_qpts;
836   CeedEvalMode       *eval_modes_in = NULL, *eval_modes_out = NULL;
837   CeedBasis           basis_in = NULL, basis_out = NULL;
838   CeedQFunctionField *qf_fields;
839   CeedQFunction       qf;
840   CeedOperatorField  *op_fields;
841   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
842 
843   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
844   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
845   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetNumArgs(qf, &num_input_fields, &num_output_fields));
846 
847   // Determine active input basis
848   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, NULL, &op_fields, NULL, NULL));
849   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_fields, NULL, NULL));
850   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
851     CeedVector vec;
852 
853     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_fields[i], &vec));
854     if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
855       CeedBasis    basis;
856       CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
857 
858       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_fields[i], &basis));
859       CeedCheck(!basis_in || basis_in == basis, ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND,
860                 "Backend does not implement operator diagonal assembly with multiple active bases");
861       basis_in = basis;
862       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_fields[i], &eval_mode));
863       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis_in, eval_mode, &q_comp));
864       if (eval_mode != CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) {
865         // q_comp = 1 if CEED_EVAL_NONE, CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT caught by QF assembly
866         CeedCallBackend(CeedRealloc(num_eval_modes_in + q_comp, &eval_modes_in));
867         for (CeedInt d = 0; d < q_comp; d++) eval_modes_in[num_eval_modes_in + d] = eval_mode;
868         num_eval_modes_in += q_comp;
869       }
870     }
871   }
872 
873   // Determine active output basis
874   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, NULL, NULL, NULL, &op_fields));
875   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, NULL, NULL, &qf_fields));
876   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
877     CeedVector vec;
878 
879     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_fields[i], &vec));
880     if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
881       CeedBasis    basis;
882       CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
883 
884       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_fields[i], &basis));
885       CeedCheck(!basis_out || basis_out == basis, ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND,
886                 "Backend does not implement operator diagonal assembly with multiple active bases");
887       basis_out = basis;
888       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_fields[i], &eval_mode));
889       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis_out, eval_mode, &q_comp));
890       if (eval_mode != CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) {
891         // q_comp = 1 if CEED_EVAL_NONE, CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT caught by QF assembly
892         CeedCallBackend(CeedRealloc(num_eval_modes_out + q_comp, &eval_modes_out));
893         for (CeedInt d = 0; d < q_comp; d++) eval_modes_out[num_eval_modes_out + d] = eval_mode;
894         num_eval_modes_out += q_comp;
895       }
896     }
897   }
898 
899   // Operator data struct
900   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
901   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(1, &impl->diag));
902   CeedOperatorDiag_Hip *diag = impl->diag;
903 
904   // Basis matrices
905   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumNodes(basis_in, &num_nodes));
906   if (basis_in == CEED_BASIS_NONE) num_qpts = num_nodes;
907   else CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadraturePoints(basis_in, &num_qpts));
908   const CeedInt interp_bytes     = num_nodes * num_qpts * sizeof(CeedScalar);
909   const CeedInt eval_modes_bytes = sizeof(CeedEvalMode);
910   bool          has_eval_none    = false;
911 
912   // CEED_EVAL_NONE
913   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_eval_modes_in; i++) has_eval_none = has_eval_none || (eval_modes_in[i] == CEED_EVAL_NONE);
914   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_eval_modes_out; i++) has_eval_none = has_eval_none || (eval_modes_out[i] == CEED_EVAL_NONE);
915   if (has_eval_none) {
916     CeedScalar *identity = NULL;
917 
918     CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_nodes * num_qpts, &identity));
919     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < (num_nodes < num_qpts ? num_nodes : num_qpts); i++) identity[i * num_nodes + i] = 1.0;
920     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&diag->d_identity, interp_bytes));
921     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(diag->d_identity, identity, interp_bytes, hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
922     CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&identity));
923   }
924 
925   // CEED_EVAL_INTERP, CEED_EVAL_GRAD, CEED_EVAL_DIV, and CEED_EVAL_CURL
926   for (CeedInt in = 0; in < 2; in++) {
927     CeedFESpace fespace;
928     CeedBasis   basis = in ? basis_in : basis_out;
929 
930     CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetFESpace(basis, &fespace));
931     switch (fespace) {
932       case CEED_FE_SPACE_H1: {
933         CeedInt           q_comp_interp, q_comp_grad;
934         const CeedScalar *interp, *grad;
935         CeedScalar       *d_interp, *d_grad;
936 
937         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis, CEED_EVAL_INTERP, &q_comp_interp));
938         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis, CEED_EVAL_GRAD, &q_comp_grad));
939 
940         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetInterp(basis, &interp));
941         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&d_interp, interp_bytes * q_comp_interp));
942         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(d_interp, interp, interp_bytes * q_comp_interp, hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
943         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetGrad(basis, &grad));
944         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&d_grad, interp_bytes * q_comp_grad));
945         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(d_grad, grad, interp_bytes * q_comp_grad, hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
946         if (in) {
947           diag->d_interp_in = d_interp;
948           diag->d_grad_in   = d_grad;
949         } else {
950           diag->d_interp_out = d_interp;
951           diag->d_grad_out   = d_grad;
952         }
953       } break;
954       case CEED_FE_SPACE_HDIV: {
955         CeedInt           q_comp_interp, q_comp_div;
956         const CeedScalar *interp, *div;
957         CeedScalar       *d_interp, *d_div;
958 
959         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis, CEED_EVAL_INTERP, &q_comp_interp));
960         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis, CEED_EVAL_DIV, &q_comp_div));
961 
962         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetInterp(basis, &interp));
963         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&d_interp, interp_bytes * q_comp_interp));
964         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(d_interp, interp, interp_bytes * q_comp_interp, hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
965         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetDiv(basis, &div));
966         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&d_div, interp_bytes * q_comp_div));
967         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(d_div, div, interp_bytes * q_comp_div, hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
968         if (in) {
969           diag->d_interp_in = d_interp;
970           diag->d_div_in    = d_div;
971         } else {
972           diag->d_interp_out = d_interp;
973           diag->d_div_out    = d_div;
974         }
975       } break;
976       case CEED_FE_SPACE_HCURL: {
977         CeedInt           q_comp_interp, q_comp_curl;
978         const CeedScalar *interp, *curl;
979         CeedScalar       *d_interp, *d_curl;
980 
981         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis, CEED_EVAL_INTERP, &q_comp_interp));
982         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis, CEED_EVAL_CURL, &q_comp_curl));
983 
984         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetInterp(basis, &interp));
985         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&d_interp, interp_bytes * q_comp_interp));
986         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(d_interp, interp, interp_bytes * q_comp_interp, hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
987         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetCurl(basis, &curl));
988         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&d_curl, interp_bytes * q_comp_curl));
989         CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(d_curl, curl, interp_bytes * q_comp_curl, hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
990         if (in) {
991           diag->d_interp_in = d_interp;
992           diag->d_curl_in   = d_curl;
993         } else {
994           diag->d_interp_out = d_interp;
995           diag->d_curl_out   = d_curl;
996         }
997       } break;
998     }
999   }
1000 
1001   // Arrays of eval_modes
1002   CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&diag->d_eval_modes_in, num_eval_modes_in * eval_modes_bytes));
1003   CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(diag->d_eval_modes_in, eval_modes_in, num_eval_modes_in * eval_modes_bytes, hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
1004   CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&diag->d_eval_modes_out, num_eval_modes_out * eval_modes_bytes));
1005   CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(diag->d_eval_modes_out, eval_modes_out, num_eval_modes_out * eval_modes_bytes, hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
1006   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&eval_modes_in));
1007   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&eval_modes_out));
1008   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
1009 }
1010 
1011 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1012 // Assemble Diagonal Setup (Compilation)
1013 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1014 static inline int CeedOperatorAssembleDiagonalSetupCompile_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedInt use_ceedsize_idx, const bool is_point_block) {
1015   Ceed                ceed;
1016   char               *diagonal_kernel_source;
1017   const char         *diagonal_kernel_path;
1018   CeedInt             num_input_fields, num_output_fields, num_eval_modes_in = 0, num_eval_modes_out = 0;
1019   CeedInt             num_comp, q_comp, num_nodes, num_qpts;
1020   CeedBasis           basis_in = NULL, basis_out = NULL;
1021   CeedQFunctionField *qf_fields;
1022   CeedQFunction       qf;
1023   CeedOperatorField  *op_fields;
1024   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
1025 
1026   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
1027   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
1028   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetNumArgs(qf, &num_input_fields, &num_output_fields));
1029 
1030   // Determine active input basis
1031   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, NULL, &op_fields, NULL, NULL));
1032   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_fields, NULL, NULL));
1033   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
1034     CeedVector vec;
1035 
1036     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_fields[i], &vec));
1037     if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
1038       CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
1039 
1040       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_fields[i], &basis_in));
1041       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_fields[i], &eval_mode));
1042       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis_in, eval_mode, &q_comp));
1043       if (eval_mode != CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) {
1044         num_eval_modes_in += q_comp;
1045       }
1046     }
1047   }
1048 
1049   // Determine active output basis
1050   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, NULL, NULL, NULL, &op_fields));
1051   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, NULL, NULL, &qf_fields));
1052   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
1053     CeedVector vec;
1054 
1055     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_fields[i], &vec));
1056     if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
1057       CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
1058 
1059       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_fields[i], &basis_out));
1060       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_fields[i], &eval_mode));
1061       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis_out, eval_mode, &q_comp));
1062       if (eval_mode != CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) {
1063         num_eval_modes_out += q_comp;
1064       }
1065     }
1066   }
1067 
1068   // Operator data struct
1069   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
1070   CeedOperatorDiag_Hip *diag = impl->diag;
1071 
1072   // Assemble kernel
1073   hipModule_t *module          = is_point_block ? &diag->module_point_block : &diag->module;
1074   CeedInt      elems_per_block = 1;
1075   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumNodes(basis_in, &num_nodes));
1076   CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumComponents(basis_in, &num_comp));
1077   if (basis_in == CEED_BASIS_NONE) num_qpts = num_nodes;
1078   else CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadraturePoints(basis_in, &num_qpts));
1079   CeedCallBackend(CeedGetJitAbsolutePath(ceed, "ceed/jit-source/hip/hip-ref-operator-assemble-diagonal.h", &diagonal_kernel_path));
1080   CeedDebug256(ceed, CEED_DEBUG_COLOR_SUCCESS, "----- Loading Diagonal Assembly Kernel Source -----\n");
1081   CeedCallBackend(CeedLoadSourceToBuffer(ceed, diagonal_kernel_path, &diagonal_kernel_source));
1082   CeedDebug256(ceed, CEED_DEBUG_COLOR_SUCCESS, "----- Loading Diagonal Assembly Source Complete! -----\n");
1083   CeedCallHip(ceed, CeedCompile_Hip(ceed, diagonal_kernel_source, module, 8, "NUM_EVAL_MODES_IN", num_eval_modes_in, "NUM_EVAL_MODES_OUT",
1084                                     num_eval_modes_out, "NUM_COMP", num_comp, "NUM_NODES", num_nodes, "NUM_QPTS", num_qpts, "USE_CEEDSIZE",
1085                                     use_ceedsize_idx, "USE_POINT_BLOCK", is_point_block ? 1 : 0, "BLOCK_SIZE", num_nodes * elems_per_block));
1086   CeedCallHip(ceed, CeedGetKernel_Hip(ceed, *module, "LinearDiagonal", is_point_block ? &diag->LinearPointBlock : &diag->LinearDiagonal));
1087   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&diagonal_kernel_path));
1088   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&diagonal_kernel_source));
1089   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
1090 }
1091 
1092 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1093 // Assemble Diagonal Core
1094 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1095 static inline int CeedOperatorAssembleDiagonalCore_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedVector assembled, CeedRequest *request, const bool is_point_block) {
1096   Ceed                ceed;
1097   CeedInt             num_elem, num_nodes;
1098   CeedScalar         *elem_diag_array;
1099   const CeedScalar   *assembled_qf_array;
1100   CeedVector          assembled_qf   = NULL, elem_diag;
1101   CeedElemRestriction assembled_rstr = NULL, rstr_in, rstr_out, diag_rstr;
1102   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
1103 
1104   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
1105   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
1106 
1107   // Assemble QFunction
1108   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionBuildOrUpdate(op, &assembled_qf, &assembled_rstr, request));
1109   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&assembled_rstr));
1110   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayRead(assembled_qf, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &assembled_qf_array));
1111 
1112   // Setup
1113   if (!impl->diag) CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorAssembleDiagonalSetup_Hip(op));
1114   CeedOperatorDiag_Hip *diag = impl->diag;
1115 
1116   assert(diag != NULL);
1117 
1118   // Assemble kernel if needed
1119   if ((!is_point_block && !diag->LinearDiagonal) || (is_point_block && !diag->LinearPointBlock)) {
1120     CeedSize assembled_length, assembled_qf_length;
1121     CeedInt  use_ceedsize_idx = 0;
1122     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetLength(assembled, &assembled_length));
1123     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetLength(assembled_qf, &assembled_qf_length));
1124     if ((assembled_length > INT_MAX) || (assembled_qf_length > INT_MAX)) use_ceedsize_idx = 1;
1125 
1126     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorAssembleDiagonalSetupCompile_Hip(op, use_ceedsize_idx, is_point_block));
1127   }
1128 
1129   // Restriction and diagonal vector
1130   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetActiveElemRestrictions(op, &rstr_in, &rstr_out));
1131   CeedCheck(rstr_in == rstr_out, ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND,
1132             "Cannot assemble operator diagonal with different input and output active element restrictions");
1133   if (!is_point_block && !diag->diag_rstr) {
1134     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionCreateUnsignedCopy(rstr_out, &diag->diag_rstr));
1135     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionCreateVector(diag->diag_rstr, NULL, &diag->elem_diag));
1136   } else if (is_point_block && !diag->point_block_diag_rstr) {
1137     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorCreateActivePointBlockRestriction(rstr_out, &diag->point_block_diag_rstr));
1138     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionCreateVector(diag->point_block_diag_rstr, NULL, &diag->point_block_elem_diag));
1139   }
1140   diag_rstr = is_point_block ? diag->point_block_diag_rstr : diag->diag_rstr;
1141   elem_diag = is_point_block ? diag->point_block_elem_diag : diag->elem_diag;
1142   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValue(elem_diag, 0.0));
1143 
1144   // Only assemble diagonal if the basis has nodes, otherwise inputs are null pointers
1145   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(diag_rstr, &num_nodes));
1146   if (num_nodes > 0) {
1147     // Assemble element operator diagonals
1148     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArray(elem_diag, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &elem_diag_array));
1149     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumElements(diag_rstr, &num_elem));
1150 
1151     // Compute the diagonal of B^T D B
1152     CeedInt elems_per_block = 1;
1153     CeedInt grid            = CeedDivUpInt(num_elem, elems_per_block);
1154     void   *args[]          = {(void *)&num_elem,      &diag->d_identity,       &diag->d_interp_in,  &diag->d_grad_in, &diag->d_div_in,
1155                                &diag->d_curl_in,       &diag->d_interp_out,     &diag->d_grad_out,   &diag->d_div_out, &diag->d_curl_out,
1156                                &diag->d_eval_modes_in, &diag->d_eval_modes_out, &assembled_qf_array, &elem_diag_array};
1157 
1158     if (is_point_block) {
1159       CeedCallBackend(CeedRunKernelDim_Hip(ceed, diag->LinearPointBlock, grid, num_nodes, 1, elems_per_block, args));
1160     } else {
1161       CeedCallBackend(CeedRunKernelDim_Hip(ceed, diag->LinearDiagonal, grid, num_nodes, 1, elems_per_block, args));
1162     }
1163 
1164     // Restore arrays
1165     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArray(elem_diag, &elem_diag_array));
1166     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArrayRead(assembled_qf, &assembled_qf_array));
1167   }
1168 
1169   // Assemble local operator diagonal
1170   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionApply(diag_rstr, CEED_TRANSPOSE, elem_diag, assembled, request));
1171 
1172   // Cleanup
1173   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&assembled_qf));
1174   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
1175 }
1176 
1177 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1178 // Assemble Linear Diagonal
1179 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1180 static int CeedOperatorLinearAssembleAddDiagonal_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedVector assembled, CeedRequest *request) {
1181   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorAssembleDiagonalCore_Hip(op, assembled, request, false));
1182   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
1183 }
1184 
1185 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1186 // Assemble Linear Point Block Diagonal
1187 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1188 static int CeedOperatorLinearAssembleAddPointBlockDiagonal_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedVector assembled, CeedRequest *request) {
1189   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorAssembleDiagonalCore_Hip(op, assembled, request, true));
1190   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
1191 }
1192 
1193 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1194 // Single Operator Assembly Setup
1195 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1196 static int CeedSingleOperatorAssembleSetup_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedInt use_ceedsize_idx) {
1197   Ceed                ceed;
1198   char               *assembly_kernel_source;
1199   const char         *assembly_kernel_path;
1200   CeedInt             num_input_fields, num_output_fields, num_eval_modes_in = 0, num_eval_modes_out = 0;
1201   CeedInt             elem_size_in, num_qpts_in = 0, num_comp_in, elem_size_out, num_qpts_out, num_comp_out, q_comp;
1202   CeedEvalMode       *eval_modes_in = NULL, *eval_modes_out = NULL;
1203   CeedElemRestriction rstr_in = NULL, rstr_out = NULL;
1204   CeedBasis           basis_in = NULL, basis_out = NULL;
1205   CeedQFunctionField *qf_fields;
1206   CeedQFunction       qf;
1207   CeedOperatorField  *input_fields, *output_fields;
1208   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
1209 
1210   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
1211   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
1212 
1213   // Get intput and output fields
1214   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, &num_input_fields, &input_fields, &num_output_fields, &output_fields));
1215 
1216   // Determine active input basis eval mode
1217   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
1218   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_fields, NULL, NULL));
1219   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
1220     CeedVector vec;
1221 
1222     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(input_fields[i], &vec));
1223     if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
1224       CeedBasis    basis;
1225       CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
1226 
1227       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(input_fields[i], &basis));
1228       CeedCheck(!basis_in || basis_in == basis, ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "Backend does not implement operator assembly with multiple active bases");
1229       basis_in = basis;
1230       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(input_fields[i], &rstr_in));
1231       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(rstr_in, &elem_size_in));
1232       if (basis_in == CEED_BASIS_NONE) num_qpts_in = elem_size_in;
1233       else CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadraturePoints(basis_in, &num_qpts_in));
1234       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_fields[i], &eval_mode));
1235       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis_in, eval_mode, &q_comp));
1236       if (eval_mode != CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) {
1237         // q_comp = 1 if CEED_EVAL_NONE, CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT caught by QF Assembly
1238         CeedCallBackend(CeedRealloc(num_eval_modes_in + q_comp, &eval_modes_in));
1239         for (CeedInt d = 0; d < q_comp; d++) {
1240           eval_modes_in[num_eval_modes_in + d] = eval_mode;
1241         }
1242         num_eval_modes_in += q_comp;
1243       }
1244     }
1245   }
1246 
1247   // Determine active output basis; basis_out and rstr_out only used if same as input, TODO
1248   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, NULL, NULL, &qf_fields));
1249   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
1250     CeedVector vec;
1251 
1252     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(output_fields[i], &vec));
1253     if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
1254       CeedBasis    basis;
1255       CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
1256 
1257       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(output_fields[i], &basis));
1258       CeedCheck(!basis_out || basis_out == basis, ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND,
1259                 "Backend does not implement operator assembly with multiple active bases");
1260       basis_out = basis;
1261       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(output_fields[i], &rstr_out));
1262       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(rstr_out, &elem_size_out));
1263       if (basis_out == CEED_BASIS_NONE) num_qpts_out = elem_size_out;
1264       else CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadraturePoints(basis_out, &num_qpts_out));
1265       CeedCheck(num_qpts_in == num_qpts_out, ceed, CEED_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED,
1266                 "Active input and output bases must have the same number of quadrature points");
1267       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_fields[i], &eval_mode));
1268       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis_out, eval_mode, &q_comp));
1269       if (eval_mode != CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) {
1270         // q_comp = 1 if CEED_EVAL_NONE, CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT caught by QF Assembly
1271         CeedCallBackend(CeedRealloc(num_eval_modes_out + q_comp, &eval_modes_out));
1272         for (CeedInt d = 0; d < q_comp; d++) {
1273           eval_modes_out[num_eval_modes_out + d] = eval_mode;
1274         }
1275         num_eval_modes_out += q_comp;
1276       }
1277     }
1278   }
1279   CeedCheck(num_eval_modes_in > 0 && num_eval_modes_out > 0, ceed, CEED_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED, "Cannot assemble operator without inputs/outputs");
1280 
1281   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(1, &impl->asmb));
1282   CeedOperatorAssemble_Hip *asmb = impl->asmb;
1283   asmb->elems_per_block          = 1;
1284   asmb->block_size_x             = elem_size_in;
1285   asmb->block_size_y             = elem_size_out;
1286 
1287   bool fallback = asmb->block_size_x * asmb->block_size_y * asmb->elems_per_block > 1024;
1288 
1289   if (fallback) {
1290     // Use fallback kernel with 1D threadblock
1291     asmb->block_size_y = 1;
1292   }
1293 
1294   // Compile kernels
1295   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumComponents(rstr_in, &num_comp_in));
1296   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumComponents(rstr_out, &num_comp_out));
1297   CeedCallBackend(CeedGetJitAbsolutePath(ceed, "ceed/jit-source/hip/hip-ref-operator-assemble.h", &assembly_kernel_path));
1298   CeedDebug256(ceed, CEED_DEBUG_COLOR_SUCCESS, "----- Loading Assembly Kernel Source -----\n");
1299   CeedCallBackend(CeedLoadSourceToBuffer(ceed, assembly_kernel_path, &assembly_kernel_source));
1300   CeedDebug256(ceed, CEED_DEBUG_COLOR_SUCCESS, "----- Loading Assembly Source Complete! -----\n");
1301   CeedCallBackend(CeedCompile_Hip(ceed, assembly_kernel_source, &asmb->module, 10, "NUM_EVAL_MODES_IN", num_eval_modes_in, "NUM_EVAL_MODES_OUT",
1302                                   num_eval_modes_out, "NUM_COMP_IN", num_comp_in, "NUM_COMP_OUT", num_comp_out, "NUM_NODES_IN", elem_size_in,
1303                                   "NUM_NODES_OUT", elem_size_out, "NUM_QPTS", num_qpts_in, "BLOCK_SIZE",
1304                                   asmb->block_size_x * asmb->block_size_y * asmb->elems_per_block, "BLOCK_SIZE_Y", asmb->block_size_y, "USE_CEEDSIZE",
1305                                   use_ceedsize_idx));
1306   CeedCallBackend(CeedGetKernel_Hip(ceed, asmb->module, "LinearAssemble", &asmb->LinearAssemble));
1307   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&assembly_kernel_path));
1308   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&assembly_kernel_source));
1309 
1310   // Load into B_in, in order that they will be used in eval_modes_in
1311   {
1312     const CeedInt in_bytes           = elem_size_in * num_qpts_in * num_eval_modes_in * sizeof(CeedScalar);
1313     CeedInt       d_in               = 0;
1314     CeedEvalMode  eval_modes_in_prev = CEED_EVAL_NONE;
1315     bool          has_eval_none      = false;
1316     CeedScalar   *identity           = NULL;
1317 
1318     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_eval_modes_in; i++) {
1319       has_eval_none = has_eval_none || (eval_modes_in[i] == CEED_EVAL_NONE);
1320     }
1321     if (has_eval_none) {
1322       CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(elem_size_in * num_qpts_in, &identity));
1323       for (CeedInt i = 0; i < (elem_size_in < num_qpts_in ? elem_size_in : num_qpts_in); i++) identity[i * elem_size_in + i] = 1.0;
1324     }
1325 
1326     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&asmb->d_B_in, in_bytes));
1327     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_eval_modes_in; i++) {
1328       const CeedScalar *h_B_in;
1329 
1330       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetBasisPointer(basis_in, eval_modes_in[i], identity, &h_B_in));
1331       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis_in, eval_modes_in[i], &q_comp));
1332       if (q_comp > 1) {
1333         if (i == 0 || eval_modes_in[i] != eval_modes_in_prev) d_in = 0;
1334         else h_B_in = &h_B_in[(++d_in) * elem_size_in * num_qpts_in];
1335       }
1336       eval_modes_in_prev = eval_modes_in[i];
1337 
1338       CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(&asmb->d_B_in[i * elem_size_in * num_qpts_in], h_B_in, elem_size_in * num_qpts_in * sizeof(CeedScalar),
1339                                   hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
1340     }
1341 
1342     if (identity) {
1343       CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&identity));
1344     }
1345   }
1346 
1347   // Load into B_out, in order that they will be used in eval_modes_out
1348   {
1349     const CeedInt out_bytes           = elem_size_out * num_qpts_out * num_eval_modes_out * sizeof(CeedScalar);
1350     CeedInt       d_out               = 0;
1351     CeedEvalMode  eval_modes_out_prev = CEED_EVAL_NONE;
1352     bool          has_eval_none       = false;
1353     CeedScalar   *identity            = NULL;
1354 
1355     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_eval_modes_out; i++) {
1356       has_eval_none = has_eval_none || (eval_modes_out[i] == CEED_EVAL_NONE);
1357     }
1358     if (has_eval_none) {
1359       CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(elem_size_out * num_qpts_out, &identity));
1360       for (CeedInt i = 0; i < (elem_size_out < num_qpts_out ? elem_size_out : num_qpts_out); i++) identity[i * elem_size_out + i] = 1.0;
1361     }
1362 
1363     CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMalloc((void **)&asmb->d_B_out, out_bytes));
1364     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_eval_modes_out; i++) {
1365       const CeedScalar *h_B_out;
1366 
1367       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetBasisPointer(basis_out, eval_modes_out[i], identity, &h_B_out));
1368       CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumQuadratureComponents(basis_out, eval_modes_out[i], &q_comp));
1369       if (q_comp > 1) {
1370         if (i == 0 || eval_modes_out[i] != eval_modes_out_prev) d_out = 0;
1371         else h_B_out = &h_B_out[(++d_out) * elem_size_out * num_qpts_out];
1372       }
1373       eval_modes_out_prev = eval_modes_out[i];
1374 
1375       CeedCallHip(ceed, hipMemcpy(&asmb->d_B_out[i * elem_size_out * num_qpts_out], h_B_out, elem_size_out * num_qpts_out * sizeof(CeedScalar),
1376                                   hipMemcpyHostToDevice));
1377     }
1378 
1379     if (identity) {
1380       CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&identity));
1381     }
1382   }
1383   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
1384 }
1385 
1386 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1387 // Assemble matrix data for COO matrix of assembled operator.
1388 // The sparsity pattern is set by CeedOperatorLinearAssembleSymbolic.
1389 //
1390 // Note that this (and other assembly routines) currently assume only one active input restriction/basis per operator (could have multiple basis eval
1391 // modes).
1392 // TODO: allow multiple active input restrictions/basis objects
1393 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1394 static int CeedSingleOperatorAssemble_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedInt offset, CeedVector values) {
1395   Ceed                ceed;
1396   CeedSize            values_length = 0, assembled_qf_length = 0;
1397   CeedInt             use_ceedsize_idx = 0, num_elem_in, num_elem_out, elem_size_in, elem_size_out;
1398   CeedScalar         *values_array;
1399   const CeedScalar   *assembled_qf_array;
1400   CeedVector          assembled_qf   = NULL;
1401   CeedElemRestriction assembled_rstr = NULL, rstr_in, rstr_out;
1402   CeedRestrictionType rstr_type_in, rstr_type_out;
1403   const bool         *orients_in = NULL, *orients_out = NULL;
1404   const CeedInt8     *curl_orients_in = NULL, *curl_orients_out = NULL;
1405   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
1406 
1407   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
1408   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
1409 
1410   // Assemble QFunction
1411   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionBuildOrUpdate(op, &assembled_qf, &assembled_rstr, CEED_REQUEST_IMMEDIATE));
1412   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&assembled_rstr));
1413   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayRead(assembled_qf, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &assembled_qf_array));
1414 
1415   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetLength(values, &values_length));
1416   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetLength(assembled_qf, &assembled_qf_length));
1417   if ((values_length > INT_MAX) || (assembled_qf_length > INT_MAX)) use_ceedsize_idx = 1;
1418 
1419   // Setup
1420   if (!impl->asmb) CeedCallBackend(CeedSingleOperatorAssembleSetup_Hip(op, use_ceedsize_idx));
1421   CeedOperatorAssemble_Hip *asmb = impl->asmb;
1422 
1423   assert(asmb != NULL);
1424 
1425   // Assemble element operator
1426   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArray(values, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &values_array));
1427   values_array += offset;
1428 
1429   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetActiveElemRestrictions(op, &rstr_in, &rstr_out));
1430   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumElements(rstr_in, &num_elem_in));
1431   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(rstr_in, &elem_size_in));
1432 
1433   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetType(rstr_in, &rstr_type_in));
1434   if (rstr_type_in == CEED_RESTRICTION_ORIENTED) {
1435     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetOrientations(rstr_in, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &orients_in));
1436   } else if (rstr_type_in == CEED_RESTRICTION_CURL_ORIENTED) {
1437     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetCurlOrientations(rstr_in, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &curl_orients_in));
1438   }
1439 
1440   if (rstr_in != rstr_out) {
1441     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumElements(rstr_out, &num_elem_out));
1442     CeedCheck(num_elem_in == num_elem_out, ceed, CEED_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED,
1443               "Active input and output operator restrictions must have the same number of elements");
1444     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(rstr_out, &elem_size_out));
1445 
1446     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetType(rstr_out, &rstr_type_out));
1447     if (rstr_type_out == CEED_RESTRICTION_ORIENTED) {
1448       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetOrientations(rstr_out, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &orients_out));
1449     } else if (rstr_type_out == CEED_RESTRICTION_CURL_ORIENTED) {
1450       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetCurlOrientations(rstr_out, CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &curl_orients_out));
1451     }
1452   } else {
1453     elem_size_out    = elem_size_in;
1454     orients_out      = orients_in;
1455     curl_orients_out = curl_orients_in;
1456   }
1457 
1458   // Compute B^T D B
1459   CeedInt shared_mem =
1460       ((curl_orients_in || curl_orients_out ? elem_size_in * elem_size_out : 0) + (curl_orients_in ? elem_size_in * asmb->block_size_y : 0)) *
1461       sizeof(CeedScalar);
1462   CeedInt grid   = CeedDivUpInt(num_elem_in, asmb->elems_per_block);
1463   void   *args[] = {(void *)&num_elem_in, &asmb->d_B_in,     &asmb->d_B_out,      &orients_in,  &curl_orients_in,
1464                     &orients_out,         &curl_orients_out, &assembled_qf_array, &values_array};
1465 
1466   CeedCallBackend(
1467       CeedRunKernelDimShared_Hip(ceed, asmb->LinearAssemble, grid, asmb->block_size_x, asmb->block_size_y, asmb->elems_per_block, shared_mem, args));
1468 
1469   // Restore arrays
1470   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArray(values, &values_array));
1471   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArrayRead(assembled_qf, &assembled_qf_array));
1472 
1473   // Cleanup
1474   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&assembled_qf));
1475   if (rstr_type_in == CEED_RESTRICTION_ORIENTED) {
1476     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionRestoreOrientations(rstr_in, &orients_in));
1477   } else if (rstr_type_in == CEED_RESTRICTION_CURL_ORIENTED) {
1478     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionRestoreCurlOrientations(rstr_in, &curl_orients_in));
1479   }
1480   if (rstr_in != rstr_out) {
1481     if (rstr_type_out == CEED_RESTRICTION_ORIENTED) {
1482       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionRestoreOrientations(rstr_out, &orients_out));
1483     } else if (rstr_type_out == CEED_RESTRICTION_CURL_ORIENTED) {
1484       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionRestoreCurlOrientations(rstr_out, &curl_orients_out));
1485     }
1486   }
1487   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
1488 }
1489 
1490 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1491 // Assemble Linear QFunction AtPoints
1492 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1493 static int CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionAtPoints_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedVector *assembled, CeedElemRestriction *rstr, CeedRequest *request) {
1494   return CeedError(CeedOperatorReturnCeed(op), CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "Backend does not implement CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunction");
1495 }
1496 
1497 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1498 // Assemble Linear Diagonal AtPoints
1499 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1500 static int CeedOperatorLinearAssembleAddDiagonalAtPoints_Hip(CeedOperator op, CeedVector assembled, CeedRequest *request) {
1501   CeedInt             max_num_points, num_elem, num_input_fields, num_output_fields;
1502   CeedScalar         *e_data[2 * CEED_FIELD_MAX] = {NULL};
1503   CeedQFunctionField *qf_input_fields, *qf_output_fields;
1504   CeedQFunction       qf;
1505   CeedOperatorField  *op_input_fields, *op_output_fields;
1506   CeedOperator_Hip   *impl;
1507 
1508   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
1509   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
1510   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumElements(op, &num_elem));
1511   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, &num_input_fields, &op_input_fields, &num_output_fields, &op_output_fields));
1512   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_input_fields, NULL, &qf_output_fields));
1513   CeedInt num_points[num_elem];
1514 
1515   // Setup
1516   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetupAtPoints_Hip(op));
1517   max_num_points = impl->max_num_points;
1518   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_elem; i++) num_points[i] = max_num_points;
1519 
1520   // Input Evecs and Restriction
1521   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetupInputs_Hip(num_input_fields, qf_input_fields, op_input_fields, NULL, true, e_data, impl, request));
1522 
1523   // Get point coordinates
1524   if (!impl->point_coords_elem) {
1525     CeedVector          point_coords = NULL;
1526     CeedElemRestriction rstr_points  = NULL;
1527 
1528     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorAtPointsGetPoints(op, &rstr_points, &point_coords));
1529     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionCreateVector(rstr_points, NULL, &impl->point_coords_elem));
1530     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionApply(rstr_points, CEED_NOTRANSPOSE, point_coords, impl->point_coords_elem, request));
1531   }
1532 
1533   // Clear active input Qvecs
1534   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
1535     CeedVector vec;
1536 
1537     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_fields[i], &vec));
1538     if (vec != CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) continue;
1539     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValue(impl->q_vecs_in[i], 0.0));
1540   }
1541 
1542   // Input basis apply if needed
1543   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorInputBasisAtPoints_Hip(num_elem, num_points, qf_input_fields, op_input_fields, num_input_fields, true, e_data, impl));
1544 
1545   // Output pointers, as necessary
1546   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
1547     CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
1548 
1549     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
1550     if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE) {
1551       // Set the output Q-Vector to use the E-Vector data directly.
1552       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayWrite(impl->e_vecs[i + impl->num_inputs], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &e_data[i + num_input_fields]));
1553       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetArray(impl->q_vecs_out[i], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, CEED_USE_POINTER, e_data[i + num_input_fields]));
1554     }
1555   }
1556 
1557   // Loop over active fields
1558   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
1559     bool                is_active_at_points = true;
1560     CeedInt             elem_size = 1, num_comp_active = 1, e_vec_size = 0;
1561     CeedRestrictionType rstr_type;
1562     CeedVector          vec;
1563     CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
1564 
1565     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_fields[i], &vec));
1566     // -- Skip non-active input
1567     if (vec != CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) continue;
1568 
1569     // -- Get active restriction type
1570     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_input_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
1571     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetType(elem_rstr, &rstr_type));
1572     is_active_at_points = rstr_type == CEED_RESTRICTION_POINTS;
1573     if (!is_active_at_points) CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(elem_rstr, &elem_size));
1574     else elem_size = max_num_points;
1575     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumComponents(elem_rstr, &num_comp_active));
1576 
1577     e_vec_size = elem_size * num_comp_active;
1578     for (CeedInt s = 0; s < e_vec_size; s++) {
1579       bool         is_active_input = false;
1580       CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
1581       CeedVector   vec;
1582       CeedBasis    basis;
1583 
1584       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_fields[i], &vec));
1585       // Skip non-active input
1586       is_active_input = vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE;
1587       if (!is_active_input) continue;
1588 
1589       // Update unit vector
1590       if (s == 0) CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValue(impl->e_vecs[i], 0.0));
1591       else CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValueStrided(impl->e_vecs[i], s - 1, e_vec_size, 0.0));
1592       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValueStrided(impl->e_vecs[i], s, e_vec_size, 1.0));
1593 
1594       // Basis action
1595       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_input_fields[i], &eval_mode));
1596       switch (eval_mode) {
1597         case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
1598           CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetArray(impl->q_vecs_in[i], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, CEED_USE_POINTER, e_data[i]));
1599           break;
1600         case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
1601         case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
1602         case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
1603         case CEED_EVAL_CURL:
1604           CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_input_fields[i], &basis));
1605           CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisApplyAtPoints(basis, num_elem, num_points, CEED_NOTRANSPOSE, eval_mode, impl->point_coords_elem, impl->e_vecs[i],
1606                                                  impl->q_vecs_in[i]));
1607           break;
1608         case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT:
1609           break;  // No action
1610       }
1611 
1612       // Q function
1613       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionApply(qf, num_elem * max_num_points, impl->q_vecs_in, impl->q_vecs_out));
1614 
1615       // Output basis apply if needed
1616       for (CeedInt j = 0; j < num_output_fields; j++) {
1617         bool                is_active_output = false;
1618         CeedInt             elem_size        = 0;
1619         CeedRestrictionType rstr_type;
1620         CeedEvalMode        eval_mode;
1621         CeedVector          vec;
1622         CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
1623         CeedBasis           basis;
1624 
1625         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_output_fields[j], &vec));
1626         // ---- Skip non-active output
1627         is_active_output = vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE;
1628         if (!is_active_output) continue;
1629 
1630         // ---- Check if elem size matches
1631         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_output_fields[j], &elem_rstr));
1632         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetType(elem_rstr, &rstr_type));
1633         if (is_active_at_points && rstr_type != CEED_RESTRICTION_POINTS) continue;
1634         if (rstr_type == CEED_RESTRICTION_POINTS) {
1635           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetMaxPointsInElement(elem_rstr, &elem_size));
1636         } else {
1637           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(elem_rstr, &elem_size));
1638         }
1639         {
1640           CeedInt num_comp = 0;
1641 
1642           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumComponents(elem_rstr, &num_comp));
1643           if (e_vec_size != num_comp * elem_size) continue;
1644         }
1645 
1646         // Basis action
1647         CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[j], &eval_mode));
1648         switch (eval_mode) {
1649           case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
1650             CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArray(impl->e_vecs[j + impl->num_inputs], &e_data[j + num_input_fields]));
1651             break;
1652           case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
1653           case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
1654           case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
1655           case CEED_EVAL_CURL:
1656             CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_output_fields[j], &basis));
1657             CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisApplyAtPoints(basis, num_elem, num_points, CEED_TRANSPOSE, eval_mode, impl->point_coords_elem,
1658                                                    impl->q_vecs_out[j], impl->e_vecs[j + impl->num_inputs]));
1659             break;
1660           // LCOV_EXCL_START
1661           case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT: {
1662             return CeedError(CeedOperatorReturnCeed(op), CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT cannot be an output evaluation mode");
1663             // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
1664           }
1665         }
1666 
1667         // Mask output e-vec
1668         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorPointwiseMult(impl->e_vecs[j + impl->num_inputs], impl->e_vecs[i], impl->e_vecs[j + impl->num_inputs]));
1669 
1670         // Restrict
1671         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_output_fields[j], &elem_rstr));
1672         CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionApply(elem_rstr, CEED_TRANSPOSE, impl->e_vecs[j + impl->num_inputs], assembled, request));
1673 
1674         // Reset q_vec for
1675         if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE) {
1676           CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayWrite(impl->e_vecs[j + impl->num_inputs], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, &e_data[j + num_input_fields]));
1677           CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetArray(impl->q_vecs_out[j], CEED_MEM_DEVICE, CEED_USE_POINTER, e_data[j + num_input_fields]));
1678         }
1679       }
1680 
1681       // Reset vec
1682       if (s == e_vec_size - 1 && i != num_input_fields - 1) CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValue(impl->q_vecs_in[i], 0.0));
1683     }
1684   }
1685 
1686   // Restore CEED_EVAL_NONE
1687   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
1688     CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
1689 
1690     // Get eval_mode
1691     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
1692 
1693     // Restore evec
1694     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
1695     if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE) {
1696       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArray(impl->e_vecs[i + impl->num_inputs], &e_data[i + num_input_fields]));
1697     }
1698   }
1699 
1700   // Restore input arrays
1701   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorRestoreInputs_Hip(num_input_fields, qf_input_fields, op_input_fields, true, e_data, impl));
1702   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
1703 }
1704 
1705 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1706 // Create operator
1707 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1708 int CeedOperatorCreate_Hip(CeedOperator op) {
1709   Ceed              ceed;
1710   CeedOperator_Hip *impl;
1711 
1712   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
1713   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(1, &impl));
1714   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetData(op, impl));
1715   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "LinearAssembleQFunction", CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunction_Hip));
1716   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "LinearAssembleQFunctionUpdate", CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionUpdate_Hip));
1717   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "LinearAssembleAddDiagonal", CeedOperatorLinearAssembleAddDiagonal_Hip));
1718   CeedCallBackend(
1719       CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "LinearAssembleAddPointBlockDiagonal", CeedOperatorLinearAssembleAddPointBlockDiagonal_Hip));
1720   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "LinearAssembleSingle", CeedSingleOperatorAssemble_Hip));
1721   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "ApplyAdd", CeedOperatorApplyAdd_Hip));
1722   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "Destroy", CeedOperatorDestroy_Hip));
1723   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
1724 }
1725 
1726 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1727 // Create operator AtPoints
1728 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1729 int CeedOperatorCreateAtPoints_Hip(CeedOperator op) {
1730   Ceed              ceed;
1731   CeedOperator_Hip *impl;
1732 
1733   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
1734   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(1, &impl));
1735   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetData(op, impl));
1736 
1737   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "LinearAssembleQFunction", CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionAtPoints_Hip));
1738   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "LinearAssembleAddDiagonal", CeedOperatorLinearAssembleAddDiagonalAtPoints_Hip));
1739   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "ApplyAdd", CeedOperatorApplyAddAtPoints_Hip));
1740   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "Destroy", CeedOperatorDestroy_Hip));
1741   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
1742 }
1743 
1744 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1745