xref: /libCEED/backends/opt/ceed-opt-operator.c (revision 4b3e95d5da7d4d1a3e8f0acb9d6f6cc36918381b)
1 // Copyright (c) 2017-2024, Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC and other CEED contributors.
2 // All Rights Reserved. See the top-level LICENSE and NOTICE files for details.
3 //
4 // SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
5 //
6 // This file is part of CEED:  http://github.com/ceed
7 
8 #include <ceed.h>
9 #include <ceed/backend.h>
10 #include <stdbool.h>
11 #include <stdint.h>
12 #include <string.h>
13 
14 #include "ceed-opt.h"
15 
16 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
17 // Setup Input/Output Fields
18 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
19 static int CeedOperatorSetupFields_Opt(CeedQFunction qf, CeedOperator op, bool is_input, const CeedInt block_size, CeedElemRestriction *block_rstr,
20                                        CeedVector *e_vecs_full, CeedVector *e_vecs, CeedVector *q_vecs, CeedInt start_e, CeedInt num_fields,
21                                        CeedInt Q) {
22   Ceed                ceed;
23   CeedSize            e_size, q_size;
24   CeedInt             num_comp, size, P;
25   CeedQFunctionField *qf_fields;
26   CeedOperatorField  *op_fields;
27 
28   {
29     Ceed ceed_parent;
30 
31     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
32     CeedCallBackend(CeedGetParent(ceed, &ceed_parent));
33     if (ceed_parent) ceed = ceed_parent;
34   }
35   if (is_input) {
36     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, NULL, &op_fields, NULL, NULL));
37     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_fields, NULL, NULL));
38   } else {
39     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, NULL, NULL, NULL, &op_fields));
40     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, NULL, NULL, &qf_fields));
41   }
42 
43   // Loop over fields
44   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_fields; i++) {
45     CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
46     CeedBasis    basis;
47 
48     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_fields[i], &eval_mode));
49     if (eval_mode != CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) {
50       Ceed                ceed_rstr;
51       CeedSize            l_size;
52       CeedInt             num_elem, elem_size, comp_stride;
53       CeedRestrictionType rstr_type;
54       CeedElemRestriction rstr;
55 
56       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_fields[i], &rstr));
57       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetCeed(rstr, &ceed_rstr));
58       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumElements(rstr, &num_elem));
59       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(rstr, &elem_size));
60       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetLVectorSize(rstr, &l_size));
61       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetNumComponents(rstr, &num_comp));
62       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetCompStride(rstr, &comp_stride));
63 
64       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetType(rstr, &rstr_type));
65       switch (rstr_type) {
66         case CEED_RESTRICTION_STANDARD: {
67           const CeedInt *offsets = NULL;
68 
69           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetOffsets(rstr, CEED_MEM_HOST, &offsets));
70           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionCreateBlocked(ceed_rstr, num_elem, elem_size, block_size, num_comp, comp_stride, l_size, CEED_MEM_HOST,
71                                                            CEED_COPY_VALUES, offsets, &block_rstr[i + start_e]));
72           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionRestoreOffsets(rstr, &offsets));
73         } break;
74         case CEED_RESTRICTION_ORIENTED: {
75           const bool    *orients = NULL;
76           const CeedInt *offsets = NULL;
77 
78           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetOffsets(rstr, CEED_MEM_HOST, &offsets));
79           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetOrientations(rstr, CEED_MEM_HOST, &orients));
80           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionCreateBlockedOriented(ceed_rstr, num_elem, elem_size, block_size, num_comp, comp_stride, l_size,
81                                                                    CEED_MEM_HOST, CEED_COPY_VALUES, offsets, orients, &block_rstr[i + start_e]));
82           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionRestoreOffsets(rstr, &offsets));
83           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionRestoreOrientations(rstr, &orients));
84         } break;
85         case CEED_RESTRICTION_CURL_ORIENTED: {
86           const CeedInt8 *curl_orients = NULL;
87           const CeedInt  *offsets      = NULL;
88 
89           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetOffsets(rstr, CEED_MEM_HOST, &offsets));
90           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetCurlOrientations(rstr, CEED_MEM_HOST, &curl_orients));
91           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionCreateBlockedCurlOriented(ceed_rstr, num_elem, elem_size, block_size, num_comp, comp_stride, l_size,
92                                                                        CEED_MEM_HOST, CEED_COPY_VALUES, offsets, curl_orients,
93                                                                        &block_rstr[i + start_e]));
94           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionRestoreOffsets(rstr, &offsets));
95           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionRestoreCurlOrientations(rstr, &curl_orients));
96         } break;
97         case CEED_RESTRICTION_STRIDED: {
98           CeedInt strides[3];
99 
100           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetStrides(rstr, strides));
101           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionCreateBlockedStrided(ceed_rstr, num_elem, elem_size, block_size, num_comp, l_size, strides,
102                                                                   &block_rstr[i + start_e]));
103         } break;
104         case CEED_RESTRICTION_POINTS:
105           // Empty case - won't occur
106           break;
107       }
108       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionCreateVector(block_rstr[i + start_e], NULL, &e_vecs_full[i + start_e]));
109     }
110 
111     switch (eval_mode) {
112       case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
113         CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetSize(qf_fields[i], &size));
114         e_size = (CeedSize)Q * size * block_size;
115         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorCreate(ceed, e_size, &e_vecs[i]));
116         q_size = (CeedSize)Q * size * block_size;
117         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorCreate(ceed, q_size, &q_vecs[i]));
118         break;
119       case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
120       case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
121       case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
122       case CEED_EVAL_CURL:
123         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_fields[i], &basis));
124         CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetSize(qf_fields[i], &size));
125         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumNodes(basis, &P));
126         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumComponents(basis, &num_comp));
127         e_size = (CeedSize)P * num_comp * block_size;
128         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorCreate(ceed, e_size, &e_vecs[i]));
129         q_size = (CeedSize)Q * size * block_size;
130         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorCreate(ceed, q_size, &q_vecs[i]));
131         break;
132       case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT:  // Only on input fields
133         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_fields[i], &basis));
134         q_size = (CeedSize)Q * block_size;
135         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorCreate(ceed, q_size, &q_vecs[i]));
136         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisApply(basis, block_size, CEED_NOTRANSPOSE, CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT, CEED_VECTOR_NONE, q_vecs[i]));
137         break;
138     }
139     // Initialize E-vec arrays
140     if (e_vecs[i]) CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValue(e_vecs[i], 0.0));
141   }
142   // Drop duplicate input restrictions
143   if (is_input) {
144     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_fields; i++) {
145       CeedVector          vec_i;
146       CeedElemRestriction rstr_i;
147 
148       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_fields[i], &vec_i));
149       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_fields[i], &rstr_i));
150       for (CeedInt j = i + 1; j < num_fields; j++) {
151         CeedVector          vec_j;
152         CeedElemRestriction rstr_j;
153 
154         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_fields[j], &vec_j));
155         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_fields[j], &rstr_j));
156         if (vec_i == vec_j && rstr_i == rstr_j) {
157           CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorReferenceCopy(e_vecs[i], &e_vecs[j]));
158           CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorReferenceCopy(e_vecs_full[i], &e_vecs_full[j]));
159           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&block_rstr[j]));
160         }
161       }
162     }
163   }
164   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
165 }
166 
167 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
168 // Setup Operator
169 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
170 static int CeedOperatorSetup_Opt(CeedOperator op) {
171   bool                is_setup_done;
172   Ceed                ceed;
173   Ceed_Opt           *ceed_impl;
174   CeedInt             Q, num_input_fields, num_output_fields;
175   CeedQFunctionField *qf_input_fields, *qf_output_fields;
176   CeedQFunction       qf;
177   CeedOperatorField  *op_input_fields, *op_output_fields;
178   CeedOperator_Opt   *impl;
179 
180   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorIsSetupDone(op, &is_setup_done));
181   if (is_setup_done) return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
182 
183   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
184   CeedCallBackend(CeedGetData(ceed, &ceed_impl));
185   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
186   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
187   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumQuadraturePoints(op, &Q));
188   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionIsIdentity(qf, &impl->is_identity_qf));
189   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, &num_input_fields, &op_input_fields, &num_output_fields, &op_output_fields));
190   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_input_fields, NULL, &qf_output_fields));
191   const CeedInt block_size = ceed_impl->block_size;
192 
193   // Allocate
194   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_input_fields + num_output_fields, &impl->block_rstr));
195   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(num_input_fields + num_output_fields, &impl->e_vecs_full));
196 
197   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(CEED_FIELD_MAX, &impl->input_states));
198   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(CEED_FIELD_MAX, &impl->e_vecs_in));
199   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(CEED_FIELD_MAX, &impl->e_vecs_out));
200   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(CEED_FIELD_MAX, &impl->q_vecs_in));
201   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(CEED_FIELD_MAX, &impl->q_vecs_out));
202 
203   impl->num_inputs  = num_input_fields;
204   impl->num_outputs = num_output_fields;
205 
206   // Set up infield and outfield pointer arrays
207   // Infields
208   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetupFields_Opt(qf, op, true, block_size, impl->block_rstr, impl->e_vecs_full, impl->e_vecs_in, impl->q_vecs_in, 0,
209                                               num_input_fields, Q));
210   // Outfields
211   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetupFields_Opt(qf, op, false, block_size, impl->block_rstr, impl->e_vecs_full, impl->e_vecs_out, impl->q_vecs_out,
212                                               num_input_fields, num_output_fields, Q));
213 
214   // Identity QFunctions
215   if (impl->is_identity_qf) {
216     CeedEvalMode        in_mode, out_mode;
217     CeedQFunctionField *in_fields, *out_fields;
218 
219     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &in_fields, NULL, &out_fields));
220     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(in_fields[0], &in_mode));
221     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(out_fields[0], &out_mode));
222 
223     if (in_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE && out_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE) {
224       impl->is_identity_rstr_op = true;
225     } else {
226       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorReferenceCopy(impl->q_vecs_in[0], &impl->q_vecs_out[0]));
227     }
228   }
229 
230   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetSetupDone(op));
231   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
232 }
233 
234 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
235 // Setup Input Fields
236 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
237 static inline int CeedOperatorSetupInputs_Opt(CeedInt num_input_fields, CeedQFunctionField *qf_input_fields, CeedOperatorField *op_input_fields,
238                                               CeedVector in_vec, CeedScalar *e_data[2 * CEED_FIELD_MAX], CeedOperator_Opt *impl,
239                                               CeedRequest *request) {
240   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
241     CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
242 
243     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_input_fields[i], &eval_mode));
244     if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT) {  // Skip
245     } else {
246       uint64_t   state;
247       CeedVector vec;
248 
249       // Get input vector
250       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_fields[i], &vec));
251       if (vec != CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
252         // Restrict
253         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetState(vec, &state));
254         if (state != impl->input_states[i] && impl->block_rstr[i]) {
255           CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionApply(impl->block_rstr[i], CEED_NOTRANSPOSE, vec, impl->e_vecs_full[i], request));
256         }
257         impl->input_states[i] = state;
258         // Get evec
259         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayRead(impl->e_vecs_full[i], CEED_MEM_HOST, (const CeedScalar **)&e_data[i]));
260       } else {
261         // Set Qvec for CEED_EVAL_NONE
262         if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE) {
263           CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayRead(impl->e_vecs_in[i], CEED_MEM_HOST, (const CeedScalar **)&e_data[i]));
264           CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetArray(impl->q_vecs_in[i], CEED_MEM_HOST, CEED_USE_POINTER, e_data[i]));
265           CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArrayRead(impl->e_vecs_in[i], (const CeedScalar **)&e_data[i]));
266         }
267       }
268     }
269   }
270   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
271 }
272 
273 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
274 // Input Basis Action
275 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
276 static inline int CeedOperatorInputBasis_Opt(CeedInt e, CeedInt Q, CeedQFunctionField *qf_input_fields, CeedOperatorField *op_input_fields,
277                                              CeedInt num_input_fields, CeedInt block_size, CeedVector in_vec, bool skip_active,
278                                              CeedScalar *e_data[2 * CEED_FIELD_MAX], CeedOperator_Opt *impl, CeedRequest *request) {
279   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
280     bool                is_active_input = false;
281     CeedInt             elem_size, size, num_comp;
282     CeedEvalMode        eval_mode;
283     CeedVector          vec;
284     CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
285     CeedBasis           basis;
286 
287     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_fields[i], &vec));
288     // Skip active input
289     is_active_input = vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE;
290     if (skip_active && is_active_input) continue;
291 
292     // Get elem_size, eval_mode, size
293     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_input_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
294     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionGetElementSize(elem_rstr, &elem_size));
295     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_input_fields[i], &eval_mode));
296     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetSize(qf_input_fields[i], &size));
297     // Restrict block active input
298     if (is_active_input && impl->block_rstr[i]) {
299       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionApplyBlock(impl->block_rstr[i], e / block_size, CEED_NOTRANSPOSE, in_vec, impl->e_vecs_in[i], request));
300     }
301     // Basis action
302     switch (eval_mode) {
303       case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
304         if (!is_active_input) {
305           CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetArray(impl->q_vecs_in[i], CEED_MEM_HOST, CEED_USE_POINTER, &e_data[i][(CeedSize)e * Q * size]));
306         }
307         break;
308       case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
309       case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
310       case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
311       case CEED_EVAL_CURL:
312         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_input_fields[i], &basis));
313         if (!is_active_input) {
314           CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisGetNumComponents(basis, &num_comp));
315           CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetArray(impl->e_vecs_in[i], CEED_MEM_HOST, CEED_USE_POINTER, &e_data[i][(CeedSize)e * elem_size * num_comp]));
316         }
317         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisApply(basis, block_size, CEED_NOTRANSPOSE, eval_mode, impl->e_vecs_in[i], impl->q_vecs_in[i]));
318         break;
319       case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT:
320         break;  // No action
321     }
322   }
323   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
324 }
325 
326 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
327 // Output Basis Action
328 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
329 static inline int CeedOperatorOutputBasis_Opt(CeedInt e, CeedInt Q, CeedQFunctionField *qf_output_fields, CeedOperatorField *op_output_fields,
330                                               CeedInt block_size, CeedInt num_input_fields, CeedInt num_output_fields, CeedOperator op,
331                                               CeedVector out_vec, CeedOperator_Opt *impl, CeedRequest *request) {
332   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
333     CeedEvalMode        eval_mode;
334     CeedVector          vec;
335     CeedElemRestriction elem_rstr;
336     CeedBasis           basis;
337 
338     // Get elem_size, eval_mode, size
339     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetElemRestriction(op_output_fields[i], &elem_rstr));
340     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
341     // Basis action
342     switch (eval_mode) {
343       case CEED_EVAL_NONE:
344         break;  // No action
345       case CEED_EVAL_INTERP:
346       case CEED_EVAL_GRAD:
347       case CEED_EVAL_DIV:
348       case CEED_EVAL_CURL:
349         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetBasis(op_output_fields[i], &basis));
350         CeedCallBackend(CeedBasisApply(basis, block_size, CEED_TRANSPOSE, eval_mode, impl->q_vecs_out[i], impl->e_vecs_out[i]));
351         break;
352       // LCOV_EXCL_START
353       case CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT: {
354         return CeedError(CeedOperatorReturnCeed(op), CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT cannot be an output evaluation mode");
355         // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
356       }
357     }
358     // Restrict output block
359     // Get output vector
360     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_output_fields[i], &vec));
361     if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) vec = out_vec;
362     // Restrict
363     CeedCallBackend(
364         CeedElemRestrictionApplyBlock(impl->block_rstr[i + impl->num_inputs], e / block_size, CEED_TRANSPOSE, impl->e_vecs_out[i], vec, request));
365   }
366   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
367 }
368 
369 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
370 // Restore Input Vectors
371 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
372 static inline int CeedOperatorRestoreInputs_Opt(CeedInt num_input_fields, CeedQFunctionField *qf_input_fields, CeedOperatorField *op_input_fields,
373                                                 CeedScalar *e_data[2 * CEED_FIELD_MAX], CeedOperator_Opt *impl) {
374   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
375     CeedEvalMode eval_mode;
376     CeedVector   vec;
377 
378     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_input_fields[i], &eval_mode));
379     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_fields[i], &vec));
380     if (eval_mode != CEED_EVAL_WEIGHT && vec != CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
381       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArrayRead(impl->e_vecs_full[i], (const CeedScalar **)&e_data[i]));
382     }
383   }
384   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
385 }
386 
387 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
388 // Operator Apply
389 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
390 static int CeedOperatorApplyAdd_Opt(CeedOperator op, CeedVector in_vec, CeedVector out_vec, CeedRequest *request) {
391   Ceed                ceed;
392   Ceed_Opt           *ceed_impl;
393   CeedInt             Q, num_input_fields, num_output_fields, num_elem;
394   CeedEvalMode        eval_mode;
395   CeedScalar         *e_data[2 * CEED_FIELD_MAX] = {0};
396   CeedQFunctionField *qf_input_fields, *qf_output_fields;
397   CeedQFunction       qf;
398   CeedOperatorField  *op_input_fields, *op_output_fields;
399   CeedOperator_Opt   *impl;
400 
401   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
402   CeedCallBackend(CeedGetData(ceed, &ceed_impl));
403   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
404   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumElements(op, &num_elem));
405   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumQuadraturePoints(op, &Q));
406   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
407   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, &num_input_fields, &op_input_fields, &num_output_fields, &op_output_fields));
408   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_input_fields, NULL, &qf_output_fields));
409   const CeedInt block_size = ceed_impl->block_size;
410   const CeedInt num_blocks = (num_elem / block_size) + !!(num_elem % block_size);
411 
412   // Setup
413   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetup_Opt(op));
414 
415   // Restriction only operator
416   if (impl->is_identity_rstr_op) {
417     for (CeedInt b = 0; b < num_blocks; b++) {
418       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionApplyBlock(impl->block_rstr[0], b, CEED_NOTRANSPOSE, in_vec, impl->e_vecs_in[0], request));
419       CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionApplyBlock(impl->block_rstr[1], b, CEED_TRANSPOSE, impl->e_vecs_in[0], out_vec, request));
420     }
421     return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
422   }
423 
424   // Input Evecs and Restriction
425   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetupInputs_Opt(num_input_fields, qf_input_fields, op_input_fields, in_vec, e_data, impl, request));
426 
427   // Output Lvecs, Evecs, and Qvecs
428   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
429     // Set Qvec if needed
430     CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetEvalMode(qf_output_fields[i], &eval_mode));
431     if (eval_mode == CEED_EVAL_NONE) {
432       // Set qvec to single block evec
433       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayWrite(impl->e_vecs_out[i], CEED_MEM_HOST, &e_data[i + num_input_fields]));
434       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetArray(impl->q_vecs_out[i], CEED_MEM_HOST, CEED_USE_POINTER, e_data[i + num_input_fields]));
435       CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArray(impl->e_vecs_out[i], &e_data[i + num_input_fields]));
436     }
437   }
438 
439   // Loop through elements
440   for (CeedInt e = 0; e < num_blocks * block_size; e += block_size) {
441     // Input basis apply
442     CeedCallBackend(
443         CeedOperatorInputBasis_Opt(e, Q, qf_input_fields, op_input_fields, num_input_fields, block_size, in_vec, false, e_data, impl, request));
444 
445     // Q function
446     if (!impl->is_identity_qf) {
447       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionApply(qf, Q * block_size, impl->q_vecs_in, impl->q_vecs_out));
448     }
449 
450     // Output basis apply and restriction
451     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorOutputBasis_Opt(e, Q, qf_output_fields, op_output_fields, block_size, num_input_fields, num_output_fields, op,
452                                                 out_vec, impl, request));
453   }
454 
455   // Restore input arrays
456   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorRestoreInputs_Opt(num_input_fields, qf_input_fields, op_input_fields, e_data, impl));
457   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
458 }
459 
460 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
461 // Core code for linear QFunction assembly
462 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
463 static inline int CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionCore_Opt(CeedOperator op, bool build_objects, CeedVector *assembled, CeedElemRestriction *rstr,
464                                                               CeedRequest *request) {
465   Ceed                ceed;
466   Ceed_Opt           *ceed_impl;
467   CeedInt             qf_size_in, qf_size_out, Q, num_input_fields, num_output_fields, num_elem;
468   CeedScalar         *l_vec_array, *e_data[2 * CEED_FIELD_MAX] = {0};
469   CeedQFunctionField *qf_input_fields, *qf_output_fields;
470   CeedQFunction       qf;
471   CeedOperatorField  *op_input_fields, *op_output_fields;
472   CeedOperator_Opt   *impl;
473 
474   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
475   CeedCallBackend(CeedGetData(ceed, &ceed_impl));
476   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
477   qf_size_in  = impl->qf_size_in;
478   qf_size_out = impl->qf_size_out;
479 
480   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumElements(op, &num_elem));
481   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetNumQuadraturePoints(op, &Q));
482   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetQFunction(op, &qf));
483   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetFields(op, &num_input_fields, &op_input_fields, &num_output_fields, &op_output_fields));
484   CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionGetFields(qf, NULL, &qf_input_fields, NULL, &qf_output_fields));
485   const CeedInt       block_size = ceed_impl->block_size;
486   const CeedInt       num_blocks = (num_elem / block_size) + !!(num_elem % block_size);
487   CeedVector          l_vec      = impl->qf_l_vec;
488   CeedElemRestriction block_rstr = impl->qf_block_rstr;
489 
490   // Setup
491   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetup_Opt(op));
492 
493   // Check for restriction only operator
494   CeedCheck(!impl->is_identity_rstr_op, ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "Assembling restriction only operators is not supported");
495 
496   // Input Evecs and Restriction
497   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetupInputs_Opt(num_input_fields, qf_input_fields, op_input_fields, NULL, e_data, impl, request));
498 
499   // Count number of active input fields
500   if (qf_size_in == 0) {
501     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
502       CeedInt    field_size;
503       CeedVector vec;
504 
505       // Get input vector
506       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_fields[i], &vec));
507       // Check if active input
508       if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
509         CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetSize(qf_input_fields[i], &field_size));
510         CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValue(impl->q_vecs_in[i], 0.0));
511         qf_size_in += field_size;
512       }
513     }
514     CeedCheck(qf_size_in > 0, ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "Cannot assemble QFunction without active inputs and outputs");
515     impl->qf_size_in = qf_size_in;
516   }
517 
518   // Count number of active output fields
519   if (qf_size_out == 0) {
520     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_output_fields; i++) {
521       CeedInt    field_size;
522       CeedVector vec;
523 
524       // Get output vector
525       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_output_fields[i], &vec));
526       // Check if active output
527       if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
528         CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetSize(qf_output_fields[i], &field_size));
529         qf_size_out += field_size;
530       }
531     }
532     CeedCheck(qf_size_out > 0, ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "Cannot assemble QFunction without active inputs and outputs");
533     impl->qf_size_out = qf_size_out;
534   }
535 
536   // Setup l_vec
537   if (!l_vec) {
538     const CeedSize l_size = (CeedSize)block_size * Q * qf_size_in * qf_size_out;
539 
540     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorCreate(ceed, l_size, &l_vec));
541     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValue(l_vec, 0.0));
542     impl->qf_l_vec = l_vec;
543   }
544 
545   // Output blocked restriction
546   if (!block_rstr) {
547     CeedInt strides[3] = {1, Q, qf_size_in * qf_size_out * Q};
548 
549     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionCreateBlockedStrided(ceed, num_elem, Q, block_size, qf_size_in * qf_size_out,
550                                                             qf_size_in * qf_size_out * num_elem * Q, strides, &block_rstr));
551     impl->qf_block_rstr = block_rstr;
552   }
553 
554   // Build objects if needed
555   if (build_objects) {
556     const CeedSize l_size     = (CeedSize)num_elem * Q * qf_size_in * qf_size_out;
557     CeedInt        strides[3] = {1, Q, qf_size_in * qf_size_out * Q};
558 
559     // Create output restriction
560     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionCreateStrided(ceed, num_elem, Q, qf_size_in * qf_size_out,
561                                                      (CeedSize)qf_size_in * (CeedSize)qf_size_out * (CeedSize)num_elem * (CeedSize)Q, strides, rstr));
562     // Create assembled vector
563     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorCreate(ceed, l_size, assembled));
564   }
565 
566   // Loop through elements
567   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValue(*assembled, 0.0));
568   for (CeedInt e = 0; e < num_blocks * block_size; e += block_size) {
569     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArray(l_vec, CEED_MEM_HOST, &l_vec_array));
570 
571     // Input basis apply
572     CeedCallBackend(
573         CeedOperatorInputBasis_Opt(e, Q, qf_input_fields, op_input_fields, num_input_fields, block_size, NULL, true, e_data, impl, request));
574 
575     // Assemble QFunction
576     for (CeedInt i = 0; i < num_input_fields; i++) {
577       CeedInt    field_size;
578       CeedVector vec;
579 
580       // Get input vector
581       CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_input_fields[i], &vec));
582       // Check if active input
583       if (vec != CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) continue;
584       CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetSize(qf_input_fields[i], &field_size));
585       for (CeedInt field = 0; field < field_size; field++) {
586         // Set current portion of input to 1.0
587         {
588           CeedScalar *array;
589 
590           CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArray(impl->q_vecs_in[i], CEED_MEM_HOST, &array));
591           for (CeedInt j = 0; j < Q * block_size; j++) array[field * Q * block_size + j] = 1.0;
592           CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArray(impl->q_vecs_in[i], &array));
593         }
594 
595         if (!impl->is_identity_qf) {
596           // Set Outputs
597           for (CeedInt out = 0; out < num_output_fields; out++) {
598             CeedVector vec;
599 
600             // Get output vector
601             CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_output_fields[out], &vec));
602             // Check if active output
603             if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) {
604               CeedInt field_size;
605 
606               CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetArray(impl->q_vecs_out[out], CEED_MEM_HOST, CEED_USE_POINTER, l_vec_array));
607               CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetSize(qf_output_fields[out], &field_size));
608               l_vec_array += field_size * Q * block_size;  // Advance the pointer by the size of the output
609             }
610           }
611           // Apply QFunction
612           CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionApply(qf, Q * block_size, impl->q_vecs_in, impl->q_vecs_out));
613         } else {
614           CeedInt           field_size;
615           const CeedScalar *array;
616 
617           // Copy Identity Outputs
618           CeedCallBackend(CeedQFunctionFieldGetSize(qf_output_fields[0], &field_size));
619           CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArrayRead(impl->q_vecs_out[0], CEED_MEM_HOST, &array));
620           for (CeedInt j = 0; j < field_size * Q * block_size; j++) l_vec_array[j] = array[j];
621           CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArrayRead(impl->q_vecs_out[0], &array));
622           l_vec_array += field_size * Q * block_size;
623         }
624         // Reset input to 0.0
625         {
626           CeedScalar *array;
627 
628           CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorGetArray(impl->q_vecs_in[i], CEED_MEM_HOST, &array));
629           for (CeedInt j = 0; j < Q * block_size; j++) array[field * Q * block_size + j] = 0.0;
630           CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArray(impl->q_vecs_in[i], &array));
631         }
632       }
633     }
634 
635     // Un-set output Qvecs to prevent accidental overwrite of Assembled
636     if (!impl->is_identity_qf) {
637       for (CeedInt out = 0; out < num_output_fields; out++) {
638         CeedVector vec;
639 
640         // Get output vector
641         CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_output_fields[out], &vec));
642         // Check if active output
643         if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE && num_elem > 0) {
644           CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorTakeArray(impl->q_vecs_out[out], CEED_MEM_HOST, NULL));
645         }
646       }
647     }
648 
649     // Assemble into assembled vector
650     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorRestoreArray(l_vec, &l_vec_array));
651     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionApplyBlock(block_rstr, e / block_size, CEED_TRANSPOSE, l_vec, *assembled, request));
652   }
653 
654   // Reset output Qvecs
655   for (CeedInt out = 0; out < num_output_fields; out++) {
656     CeedVector vec;
657 
658     // Get output vector
659     CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorFieldGetVector(op_output_fields[out], &vec));
660     // Initialize array if active output
661     if (vec == CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE) CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorSetValue(impl->q_vecs_out[out], 0.0));
662   }
663 
664   // Restore input arrays
665   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorRestoreInputs_Opt(num_input_fields, qf_input_fields, op_input_fields, e_data, impl));
666   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
667 }
668 
669 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
670 // Assemble Linear QFunction
671 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
672 static int CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunction_Opt(CeedOperator op, CeedVector *assembled, CeedElemRestriction *rstr, CeedRequest *request) {
673   return CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionCore_Opt(op, true, assembled, rstr, request);
674 }
675 
676 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
677 // Update Assembled Linear QFunction
678 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
679 static int CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionUpdate_Opt(CeedOperator op, CeedVector assembled, CeedElemRestriction rstr, CeedRequest *request) {
680   return CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionCore_Opt(op, false, &assembled, &rstr, request);
681 }
682 
683 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
684 // Operator Destroy
685 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
686 static int CeedOperatorDestroy_Opt(CeedOperator op) {
687   CeedOperator_Opt *impl;
688 
689   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetData(op, &impl));
690   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < impl->num_inputs + impl->num_outputs; i++) {
691     CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&impl->block_rstr[i]));
692     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&impl->e_vecs_full[i]));
693   }
694   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->block_rstr));
695   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->e_vecs_full));
696   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->input_states));
697 
698   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < impl->num_inputs; i++) {
699     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&impl->e_vecs_in[i]));
700     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&impl->q_vecs_in[i]));
701   }
702   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->e_vecs_in));
703   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->q_vecs_in));
704 
705   for (CeedInt i = 0; i < impl->num_outputs; i++) {
706     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&impl->e_vecs_out[i]));
707     CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&impl->q_vecs_out[i]));
708   }
709   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->e_vecs_out));
710   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl->q_vecs_out));
711 
712   // QFunction assembly data
713   CeedCallBackend(CeedVectorDestroy(&impl->qf_l_vec));
714   CeedCallBackend(CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&impl->qf_block_rstr));
715 
716   CeedCallBackend(CeedFree(&impl));
717   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
718 }
719 
720 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
721 // Operator Create
722 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
723 int CeedOperatorCreate_Opt(CeedOperator op) {
724   Ceed              ceed;
725   Ceed_Opt         *ceed_impl;
726   CeedOperator_Opt *impl;
727 
728   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorGetCeed(op, &ceed));
729   CeedCallBackend(CeedGetData(ceed, &ceed_impl));
730   const CeedInt block_size = ceed_impl->block_size;
731 
732   CeedCallBackend(CeedCalloc(1, &impl));
733   CeedCallBackend(CeedOperatorSetData(op, impl));
734 
735   CeedCheck(block_size == 1 || block_size == 8, ceed, CEED_ERROR_BACKEND, "Opt backend cannot use blocksize: %" CeedInt_FMT, block_size);
736 
737   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "LinearAssembleQFunction", CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunction_Opt));
738   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "LinearAssembleQFunctionUpdate", CeedOperatorLinearAssembleQFunctionUpdate_Opt));
739   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "ApplyAdd", CeedOperatorApplyAdd_Opt));
740   CeedCallBackend(CeedSetBackendFunction(ceed, "Operator", op, "Destroy", CeedOperatorDestroy_Opt));
741   return CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS;
742 }
743 
744 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
745