xref: /libCEED/examples/fluids/navierstokes.c (revision c7b67790f45ae71043f73ea7aa7684f20189bfc2)
1 // Copyright (c) 2017-2024, Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC and other CEED contributors.
2 // All Rights Reserved. See the top-level LICENSE and NOTICE files for details.
3 //
4 // SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
5 //
6 // This file is part of CEED:  http://github.com/ceed
7 
8 //                        libCEED + PETSc Example: Navier-Stokes
9 //
10 // This example demonstrates a simple usage of libCEED with PETSc to solve a Navier-Stokes problem.
11 //
12 // Build with:
13 //
14 //     make [PETSC_DIR=</path/to/petsc>] [CEED_DIR=</path/to/libceed>] navierstokes
15 //
16 // Sample runs:
17 //
18 //     ./navierstokes -ceed /cpu/self -options_file gaussianwave.yml
19 //     ./navierstokes -ceed /gpu/cuda -problem advection -degree 1
20 //
21 //TESTARGS(name="Gaussian Wave, explicit, supg") -ceed {ceed_resource} -test_type solver -options_file examples/fluids/gaussianwave.yaml -compare_final_state_atol 1e-8 -compare_final_state_filename examples/fluids/tests-output/fluids-navierstokes-gaussianwave-explicit.bin -dm_plex_box_faces 2,2,1 -ts_max_steps 5 -degree 3 -implicit false -ts_type rk -stab supg -state_var conservative -mass_ksp_type gmres -mass_pc_jacobi_type diagonal
22 //TESTARGS(name="Advection 2D, rotation, explicit, supg, consistent mass") -ceed {ceed_resource} -test_type solver -problem advection -degree 3 -dm_plex_box_faces 2,2 -dm_plex_box_lower 0,0 -dm_plex_box_upper 125,125 -bc_wall 1,2,3,4 -wall_comps 4 -units_kilogram 1e-9 -rc 100. -ts_dt 1e-3 -ts_max_steps 10 -stab supg -Ctaus 0.5 -mass_ksp_type gmres -mass_pc_type vpbjacobi -compare_final_state_atol 1e-10 -compare_final_state_filename examples/fluids/tests-output/fluids-navierstokes-adv2d-rotation-explicit-stab-supg-consistent-mass.bin
23 //TESTARGS(name="Advection, skew") -ceed {ceed_resource} -test_type solver -options_file examples/fluids/advection.yaml -ts_max_steps 5 -wind_type translation -wind_translation -0.5547002,0.83205029,0 -advection_ic_type skew  -dm_plex_box_faces 2,1,1 -degree 2 -stab supg -stab_tau advdiff_shakib -Ctau_a 4 -ksp_type gmres -diffusion_coeff 5e-4 -compare_final_state_atol 5e-10 -compare_final_state_filename examples/fluids/tests-output/fluids-navierstokes-adv-skew.bin
24 //TESTARGS(name="Blasius, bc_slip") -ceed {ceed_resource} -test_type solver -options_file examples/fluids/blasius.yaml -ts_max_steps 5 -dm_plex_box_faces 3,20,1 -platemesh_nDelta 10 -platemesh_growth 1.2 -bc_outflow 5 -bc_slip 4 -compare_final_state_atol 2E-11 -compare_final_state_filename examples/fluids/tests-output/fluids-navierstokes-blasius-bc_slip.bin
25 //TESTARGS(name="Blasius, SGS DataDriven Sequential") -ceed {ceed_resource} -options_file examples/fluids/tests-output/blasius_stgtest.yaml -sgs_model_type data_driven -sgs_model_dd_leakyrelu_alpha 0.3 -sgs_model_dd_parameter_dir examples/fluids/dd_sgs_data -ts_dt 2e-9 -state_var primitive -ksp_rtol 1e-12 -snes_rtol 1e-12 -stg_mean_only -stg_fluctuating_IC -test_type solver -compare_final_state_atol 1e-10 -compare_final_state_filename examples/fluids/tests-output/fluids-navierstokes-blasius-sgs-data-driven.bin -sgs_model_dd_use_fused false
26 //TESTARGS(name="Advection, rotation, cosine") -ceed {ceed_resource} -test_type solver -options_file examples/fluids/advection.yaml -ts_max_steps 0 -advection_ic_type cosine_hill -dm_plex_box_faces 2,1,1 -compare_final_state_atol 1e-10 -compare_final_state_filename examples/fluids/tests-output/fluids-navierstokes-adv-rotation-cosine.bin
27 //TESTARGS(name="Gaussian Wave, using MatShell") -ceed {ceed_resource} -test_type solver -options_file examples/fluids/gaussianwave.yaml -compare_final_state_atol 1e-8 -compare_final_state_filename examples/fluids/tests-output/fluids-navierstokes-gaussianwave-shell.bin -dm_plex_box_faces 2,2,1 -ts_max_steps 5 -degree 3 -amat_type shell -pc_type vpbjacobi -ts_alpha_radius 0.5
28 //TESTARGS(name="Taylor-Green Vortex IC") -ceed {ceed_resource} -problem taylor_green -test_type solver -dm_plex_dim 3 -dm_plex_box_faces 6,6,6 -ts_max_steps 0 -compare_final_state_atol 1e-12 -compare_final_state_filename examples/fluids/tests-output/fluids-navierstokes-taylor-green-IC.bin
29 //TESTARGS(name="Blasius, SGS DataDriven Fused") -ceed {ceed_resource} -options_file examples/fluids/tests-output/blasius_stgtest.yaml -sgs_model_type data_driven -sgs_model_dd_leakyrelu_alpha 0.3 -sgs_model_dd_parameter_dir examples/fluids/dd_sgs_data -ts_dt 2e-9 -state_var primitive -ksp_rtol 1e-12 -snes_rtol 1e-12 -stg_mean_only -stg_fluctuating_IC -test_type solver -compare_final_state_atol 1e-10 -compare_final_state_filename examples/fluids/tests-output/fluids-navierstokes-blasius-sgs-data-driven.bin
30 //TESTARGS(name="Blasius, Anisotropic Differential Filter") -ceed {ceed_resource} -test_type diff_filter -options_file examples/fluids/tests-output/blasius_test.yaml -compare_final_state_atol 5e-10 -compare_final_state_filename examples/fluids/tests-output/fluids-navierstokes-blasius_diff_filter_aniso_vandriest.bin -diff_filter_monitor -ts_max_steps 0 -state_var primitive -diff_filter_friction_length 1e-5 -diff_filter_wall_damping_function van_driest -diff_filter_ksp_rtol 1e-8 -diff_filter_grid_based_width -diff_filter_width_scaling 1,0.7,1
31 //TESTARGS(name="Blasius, Isotropic Differential Filter") -ceed {ceed_resource} -test_type diff_filter -options_file examples/fluids/tests-output/blasius_test.yaml -compare_final_state_atol 2e-12 -compare_final_state_filename examples/fluids/tests-output/fluids-navierstokes-blasius_diff_filter_iso.bin -diff_filter_monitor -ts_max_steps 0 -diff_filter_width_scaling 4.2e-5,4.2e-5,4.2e-5 -diff_filter_ksp_atol 1e-14 -diff_filter_ksp_rtol 1e-16
32 //TESTARGS(name="Gaussian Wave, with IDL") -ceed {ceed_resource} -test_type solver -options_file examples/fluids/gaussianwave.yaml -compare_final_state_atol 2e-11 -compare_final_state_filename examples/fluids/tests-output/fluids-navierstokes-gaussianwave-IDL.bin -dm_plex_box_faces 5,5,1 -ts_max_steps 5 -idl_decay_time 2e-3 -idl_length 0.25 -idl_start 0 -ts_alpha_radius 0.5 -idl_pressure 70
33 //TESTARGS(name="Spanwise Turbulence Statistics") -ceed {ceed_resource} -test_type turb_spanstats -options_file examples/fluids/tests-output/stats_test.yaml -compare_final_state_atol 1E-11 -compare_final_state_filename examples/fluids/tests-output/fluids-navierstokes-turb-spanstats-stats.bin
34 //TESTARGS(name="Blasius") -ceed {ceed_resource} -test_type solver -options_file examples/fluids/tests-output/blasius_test.yaml -compare_final_state_atol 2E-11 -compare_final_state_filename examples/fluids/tests-output/fluids-navierstokes-blasius.bin
35 //TESTARGS(name="Blasius, STG Inflow") -ceed {ceed_resource} -test_type solver -options_file examples/fluids/tests-output/blasius_stgtest.yaml -compare_final_state_atol 2E-11 -compare_final_state_filename examples/fluids/tests-output/fluids-navierstokes-blasius_STG.bin
36 //TESTARGS(name="Blasius, STG Inflow, Weak Temperature") -ceed {ceed_resource} -test_type solver -options_file examples/fluids/tests-output/blasius_stgtest.yaml -compare_final_state_atol 1E-11 -compare_final_state_filename examples/fluids/tests-output/fluids-navierstokes-blasius_STG_weakT.bin -weakT
37 //TESTARGS(name="Blasius, Strong STG Inflow") -ceed {ceed_resource} -test_type solver -options_file examples/fluids/tests-output/blasius_stgtest.yaml -compare_final_state_atol 1E-10 -compare_final_state_filename examples/fluids/tests-output/fluids-navierstokes-blasius_STG_strongBC.bin -stg_strong true
38 //TESTARGS(name="Channel") -ceed {ceed_resource} -test_type solver -options_file examples/fluids/channel.yaml -compare_final_state_atol 2e-11 -compare_final_state_filename examples/fluids/tests-output/fluids-navierstokes-channel.bin -dm_plex_box_faces 5,5,1 -ts_max_steps 5
39 //TESTARGS(name="Channel, Primitive") -ceed {ceed_resource} -test_type solver -options_file examples/fluids/channel.yaml -compare_final_state_atol 2e-11 -compare_final_state_filename examples/fluids/tests-output/fluids-navierstokes-channel-prim.bin -dm_plex_box_faces 5,5,1 -ts_max_steps 5 -state_var primitive
40 //TESTARGS(name="Density Current, explicit") -ceed {ceed_resource} -test_type solver -degree 3 -q_extra 2 -dm_plex_box_faces 1,1,2 -dm_plex_box_lower 0,0,0 -dm_plex_box_upper 125,125,250 -dm_plex_dim 3 -bc_symmetry_x 5,6 -bc_symmetry_y 3,4 -bc_symmetry_z 1,2 -units_kilogram 1e-9 -center 62.5,62.5,187.5 -rc 100. -thetaC -35. -mu 75 -gravity 0,0,-9.81 -ts_dt 1e-3 -units_meter 1e-2 -units_second 1e-2 -ts_max_steps 10 -compare_final_state_atol 1E-11 -compare_final_state_filename examples/fluids/tests-output/fluids-navierstokes-dc-explicit.bin
41 //TESTARGS(name="Density Current, implicit, no stabilization") -ceed {ceed_resource} -test_type solver -degree 3 -dm_plex_box_faces 1,1,2 -dm_plex_box_lower 0,0,0 -dm_plex_box_upper 125,125,250 -dm_plex_dim 3 -bc_symmetry_x 5,6 -bc_symmetry_y 3,4 -bc_symmetry_z 1,2 -units_kilogram 1e-9 -center 62.5,62.5,187.5 -rc 100. -thetaC -35. -mu 75 -gravity 0,0,-9.81 -units_meter 1e-2 -units_second 1e-2 -ksp_atol 1e-4 -ksp_rtol 1e-3 -ksp_type bcgs -snes_atol 1e-3 -snes_lag_jacobian 100 -snes_lag_jacobian_persists -snes_mf_operator -ts_dt 1e-3 -implicit -ts_type alpha -ts_max_steps 10 -compare_final_state_atol 5E-4 -compare_final_state_filename examples/fluids/tests-output/fluids-navierstokes-dc-implicit-stab-none.bin
42 //TESTARGS(name="Advection, rotation, implicit, SUPG stabilization") -ceed {ceed_resource} -test_type solver -problem advection -CtauS .3 -stab supg -degree 3 -dm_plex_box_faces 1,1,2 -dm_plex_box_lower 0,0,0 -dm_plex_box_upper 125,125,250 -dm_plex_dim 3 -bc_wall 1,2,3,4,5,6 -wall_comps 4 -units_kilogram 1e-9 -rc 100. -ksp_atol 1e-4 -ksp_rtol 1e-3 -ksp_type bcgs -snes_atol 1e-3 -snes_lag_jacobian 100 -snes_lag_jacobian_persists -snes_mf_operator -ts_dt 1e-3 -implicit -dm_mat_preallocate_skip 0 -ts_type alpha -compare_final_state_atol 5E-4 -ts_max_steps 10 -compare_final_state_filename examples/fluids/tests-output/fluids-navierstokes-adv-rotation-implicit-stab-supg.bin
43 //TESTARGS(name="Advection, translation, implicit, SU stabilization") -ceed {ceed_resource} -test_type solver -problem advection -CtauS .3 -stab su -degree 3 -dm_plex_box_faces 1,1,2 -dm_plex_box_lower 0,0,0 -dm_plex_box_upper 125,125,250 -dm_plex_dim 3 -units_kilogram 1e-9 -rc 100. -ksp_atol 1e-4 -ksp_rtol 1e-3 -ksp_type bcgs -snes_atol 1e-3 -snes_lag_jacobian 100 -snes_lag_jacobian_persists -snes_mf_operator -ts_dt 1e-3 -implicit -dm_mat_preallocate_skip 0 -ts_type alpha -wind_type translation -wind_translation .53,-1.33,-2.65 -bc_inflow 1,2,3,4,5,6 -ts_max_steps 10 -compare_final_state_atol 5E-4 -compare_final_state_filename examples/fluids/tests-output/fluids-navierstokes-adv-translation-implicit-stab-su.bin
44 //TESTARGS(name="Advection 2D, rotation, explicit, strong form") -ceed {ceed_resource} -test_type solver -problem advection -strong_form 1 -degree 3 -dm_plex_box_faces 2,2 -dm_plex_box_lower 0,0 -dm_plex_box_upper 125,125 -bc_wall 1,2,3,4 -wall_comps 4 -units_kilogram 1e-9 -rc 100. -ts_dt 1e-3 -compare_final_state_atol 5E-11 -ts_max_steps 10 -compare_final_state_filename examples/fluids/tests-output/fluids-navierstokes-adv2d-rotation-explicit-strong.bin
45 //TESTARGS(name="Advection 2D, rotation, implicit, SUPG stabilization") -ceed {ceed_resource} -test_type solver -problem advection -CtauS .3 -stab supg -degree 3 -dm_plex_box_faces 1,1,2 -dm_plex_box_lower 0,0 -dm_plex_box_upper 125,125 -bc_wall 1,2,3,4 -wall_comps 4 -units_kilogram 1e-9 -rc 100. -ksp_atol 1e-4 -ksp_rtol 1e-3 -ksp_type bcgs -snes_atol 1e-3 -snes_lag_jacobian 100 -snes_lag_jacobian_persists -snes_mf_operator -ts_dt 1e-3 -implicit -dm_mat_preallocate_skip 0 -ts_type alpha -ts_max_steps 10 -compare_final_state_atol 5E-4 -compare_final_state_filename examples/fluids/tests-output/fluids-navierstokes-adv2d-rotation-implicit-stab-supg.bin
46 //TESTARGS(name="Euler, implicit") -ceed {ceed_resource} -test_type solver -problem euler_vortex -degree 3 -dm_plex_box_faces 1,1,2 -dm_plex_box_lower 0,0,0 -dm_plex_box_upper 125,125,250 -dm_plex_dim 3 -units_meter 1e-4 -units_second 1e-4 -mean_velocity 1.4,-2.,0 -bc_inflow 4,6 -bc_outflow 3,5 -bc_symmetry_z 1,2 -vortex_strength 2 -ksp_atol 1e-4 -ksp_rtol 1e-3 -ksp_type bcgs -snes_atol 1e-3 -snes_lag_jacobian 100 -snes_lag_jacobian_persists -snes_mf_operator -ts_dt 1e-3 -implicit -dm_mat_preallocate_skip 0 -ts_type alpha -ts_max_steps 10 -compare_final_state_atol 5E-4 -compare_final_state_filename examples/fluids/tests-output/fluids-navierstokes-euler-implicit.bin
47 //TESTARGS(name="Euler, explicit") -ceed {ceed_resource} -test_type solver -problem euler_vortex -degree 3 -q_extra 2 -dm_plex_box_faces 2,2,1 -dm_plex_box_lower 0,0,0 -dm_plex_box_upper 125,125,250 -dm_plex_dim 3 -units_meter 1e-4 -units_second 1e-4 -mean_velocity 1.4,-2.,0 -bc_inflow 4,6 -bc_outflow 3,5 -bc_symmetry_z 1,2 -vortex_strength 2 -ts_dt 1e-7 -ts_rk_type 5bs -ts_rtol 1e-10 -ts_atol 1e-10 -ts_max_steps 10 -compare_final_state_atol 1E-7 -compare_final_state_filename examples/fluids/tests-output/fluids-navierstokes-euler-explicit.bin
48 //TESTARGS(name="Sod Shocktube, explicit, SU stabilization, y-z-beta shock capturing") -ceed {ceed_resource} -test_type solver -problem shocktube -degree 1 -q_extra 2 -dm_plex_box_faces 50,1,1 -units_meter 1e-2 units_second 1e-2 -dm_plex_box_lower 0,0,0 -dm_plex_box_upper 1000,20,20 -dm_plex_dim 3 -bc_symmetry_x 5,6 -bc_symmetry_y 3,4 -bc_symmetry_z 1,2 -yzb -stab su -ts_max_steps 10 -compare_final_state_atol 1E-11 -compare_final_state_filename examples/fluids/tests-output/fluids-navierstokes-shocktube-explicit-su-yzb.bin
49 
50 /// @file
51 /// Navier-Stokes example using PETSc
52 
53 const char help[] = "Solve Navier-Stokes using PETSc and libCEED\n";
54 
55 #include "navierstokes.h"
56 #include <petscdevice.h>
57 
58 #include <ceed.h>
59 #include <petscdmplex.h>
60 #include <petscts.h>
61 
62 int main(int argc, char **argv) {
63   // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
64   // Initialize PETSc
65   // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
66   PetscCall(PetscInitialize(&argc, &argv, NULL, help));
67 
68   // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
69   // Create structs
70   // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
71   AppCtx app_ctx;
72   PetscCall(PetscCalloc1(1, &app_ctx));
73 
74   ProblemData problem;
75   PetscCall(PetscCalloc1(1, &problem));
76 
77   User user;
78   PetscCall(PetscCalloc1(1, &user));
79 
80   CeedData ceed_data;
81   PetscCall(PetscCalloc1(1, &ceed_data));
82 
83   SimpleBC bc;
84   PetscCall(PetscCalloc1(1, &bc));
85 
86   Physics phys_ctx;
87   PetscCall(PetscCalloc1(1, &phys_ctx));
88 
89   Units units;
90   PetscCall(PetscCalloc1(1, &units));
91 
92   user->app_ctx        = app_ctx;
93   user->units          = units;
94   user->phys           = phys_ctx;
95   problem->bc_from_ics = PETSC_TRUE;
96 
97   PetscCall(RegisterLogEvents());
98 
99   // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
100   // Process command line options
101   // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
102   // -- Register problems to be available on the command line
103   PetscCall(RegisterProblems_NS(app_ctx));
104 
105   // -- Process general command line options
106   MPI_Comm comm = PETSC_COMM_WORLD;
107   user->comm    = comm;
108   PetscCall(ProcessCommandLineOptions(comm, app_ctx, bc));
109 
110   // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
111   // Initialize libCEED
112   // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
113   // -- Initialize backend
114   Ceed ceed;
115   PetscCheck(CeedInit(app_ctx->ceed_resource, &ceed) == CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS, comm, PETSC_ERR_LIB, "Ceed initialization failed");
116   user->ceed = ceed;
117 
118   PetscCheck(CeedSetErrorHandler(ceed, CeedErrorStore) == CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS, comm, PETSC_ERR_LIB, "Setting libCEED error handler failed");
119 
120   // -- Check preferred MemType
121   CeedMemType mem_type_backend;
122   PetscCallCeed(ceed, CeedGetPreferredMemType(ceed, &mem_type_backend));
123 
124   {
125     const char *resource;
126     PetscCallCeed(ceed, CeedGetResource(ceed, &resource));
127     if (strstr(resource, "/gpu/sycl")) {
128       PetscDeviceContext dctx;
129       PetscCall(PetscDeviceContextGetCurrentContext(&dctx));
130       void *stream_handle;
131       PetscCall(PetscDeviceContextGetStreamHandle(dctx, &stream_handle));
132       PetscCallCeed(ceed, CeedSetStream(ceed, stream_handle));
133     }
134   }
135 
136   // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
137   // Set up global mesh
138   // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
139   // -- Create DM
140   DM      dm;
141   VecType vec_type = NULL;
142   MatType mat_type = NULL;
143   switch (mem_type_backend) {
144     case CEED_MEM_HOST:
145       vec_type = VECSTANDARD;
146       break;
147     case CEED_MEM_DEVICE: {
148       const char *resolved;
149       PetscCallCeed(ceed, CeedGetResource(ceed, &resolved));
150       if (strstr(resolved, "/gpu/cuda")) vec_type = VECCUDA;
151       else if (strstr(resolved, "/gpu/hip")) vec_type = VECKOKKOS;
152       else if (strstr(resolved, "/gpu/sycl")) vec_type = VECKOKKOS;
153       else vec_type = VECSTANDARD;
154     }
155   }
156   if (strstr(vec_type, VECCUDA)) mat_type = MATAIJCUSPARSE;
157   else if (strstr(vec_type, VECKOKKOS)) mat_type = MATAIJKOKKOS;
158   else mat_type = MATAIJ;
159   PetscCall(CreateDM(comm, problem, mat_type, vec_type, &dm));
160   user->dm = dm;
161   PetscCall(DMSetApplicationContext(dm, user));
162 
163   // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
164   // Choose the problem from the list of registered problems
165   // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
166   {
167     PetscErrorCode (*p)(ProblemData, DM, void *, SimpleBC);
168     PetscCall(PetscFunctionListFind(app_ctx->problems, app_ctx->problem_name, &p));
169     PetscCheck(p, PETSC_COMM_SELF, 1, "Problem '%s' not found", app_ctx->problem_name);
170     PetscCall((*p)(problem, dm, &user, bc));
171   }
172 
173   // -- Set up DM
174   PetscCall(SetUpDM(dm, problem, app_ctx->degree, app_ctx->q_extra, bc, phys_ctx));
175 
176   // -- Refine DM for high-order viz
177   if (app_ctx->viz_refine) PetscCall(VizRefineDM(dm, user, problem, bc, phys_ctx));
178 
179   // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
180   // Create solution vectors
181   // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
182   // -- Set up global state vector Q
183   Vec Q;
184   PetscCall(DMCreateGlobalVector(dm, &Q));
185   PetscCall(VecZeroEntries(Q));
186 
187   // -- Set up local state vectors Q_loc, Q_dot_loc
188   PetscCall(DMCreateLocalVector(dm, &user->Q_loc));
189   PetscCall(DMCreateLocalVector(dm, &user->Q_dot_loc));
190   PetscCall(VecZeroEntries(user->Q_dot_loc));
191 
192   // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
193   // Set up libCEED
194   // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
195   // -- Set up libCEED objects
196   PetscCall(SetupLibceed(ceed, ceed_data, dm, user, app_ctx, problem, bc));
197 
198   // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
199   // Set up ICs
200   // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
201   // -- Fix multiplicity for ICs
202   PetscCall(ICs_FixMultiplicity(dm, ceed_data, user, user->Q_loc, Q, 0.0));
203 
204   // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
205   // Record boundary values from initial condition
206   // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
207   // -- This overrides DMPlexInsertBoundaryValues().
208   //    We use this for the main simulation DM because the reference DMPlexInsertBoundaryValues() is very slow on the GPU due to extra device-to-host
209   //    communication. If we disable this, we should still get the same results due to the problem->bc function, but with potentially much slower
210   //    execution.
211   if (problem->bc_from_ics) {
212     PetscCall(SetBCsFromICs(dm, Q, user->Q_loc));
213   }
214 
215   // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
216   // Create output directory
217   // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
218   PetscMPIInt rank;
219   MPI_Comm_rank(comm, &rank);
220   if (!rank) {
221     PetscCall(PetscMkdir(app_ctx->output_dir));
222   }
223 
224   // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
225   // Gather initial Q values in case of continuation of simulation
226   // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
227   // -- Set up initial values from binary file
228   if (app_ctx->cont_steps) {
229     PetscCall(SetupICsFromBinary(comm, app_ctx, Q));
230   }
231 
232   // -- Zero Q_loc
233   PetscCall(VecZeroEntries(user->Q_loc));
234 
235   // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
236   // TS: Create, setup, and solve
237   // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
238   TS          ts;
239   PetscScalar final_time;
240   PetscCall(TSSolve_NS(dm, user, app_ctx, phys_ctx, problem, &Q, &final_time, &ts));
241 
242   // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
243   // Post-processing
244   // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
245   PetscCall(PostProcess(ts, ceed_data, dm, problem, user, Q, final_time));
246 
247   // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
248   // Destroy libCEED objects
249   // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
250 
251   PetscCall(TurbulenceStatisticsDestroy(user, ceed_data));
252   PetscCall(NodalProjectionDataDestroy(user->grad_velo_proj));
253   PetscCall(SgsDDDataDestroy(user->sgs_dd_data));
254   PetscCall(DifferentialFilterDataDestroy(user->diff_filter));
255   PetscCall(SGS_DD_TrainingDataDestroy(user->sgs_dd_train));
256   PetscCall(SmartSimDataDestroy(user->smartsim));
257 
258   // -- Vectors
259   PetscCallCeed(ceed, CeedVectorDestroy(&ceed_data->x_coord));
260   PetscCallCeed(ceed, CeedVectorDestroy(&ceed_data->q_data));
261   PetscCallCeed(ceed, CeedVectorDestroy(&user->q_ceed));
262   PetscCallCeed(ceed, CeedVectorDestroy(&user->q_dot_ceed));
263   PetscCallCeed(ceed, CeedVectorDestroy(&user->g_ceed));
264 
265   // -- Bases
266   PetscCallCeed(ceed, CeedBasisDestroy(&ceed_data->basis_q));
267   PetscCallCeed(ceed, CeedBasisDestroy(&ceed_data->basis_x));
268 
269   // -- Restrictions
270   PetscCallCeed(ceed, CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&ceed_data->elem_restr_q));
271   PetscCallCeed(ceed, CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&ceed_data->elem_restr_x));
272   PetscCallCeed(ceed, CeedElemRestrictionDestroy(&ceed_data->elem_restr_qd_i));
273 
274   // Destroy QFunction contexts after using
275   // ToDo: Simplify tracked libCEED objects, smaller struct
276   {
277     PetscCallCeed(ceed, CeedQFunctionContextDestroy(&problem->apply_inflow.qfunction_context));
278     PetscCallCeed(ceed, CeedQFunctionContextDestroy(&problem->apply_inflow_jacobian.qfunction_context));
279     PetscCallCeed(ceed, CeedQFunctionContextDestroy(&problem->apply_outflow.qfunction_context));
280     PetscCallCeed(ceed, CeedQFunctionContextDestroy(&problem->apply_outflow_jacobian.qfunction_context));
281     PetscCallCeed(ceed, CeedQFunctionContextDestroy(&problem->apply_freestream.qfunction_context));
282     PetscCallCeed(ceed, CeedQFunctionContextDestroy(&problem->apply_freestream_jacobian.qfunction_context));
283     PetscCallCeed(ceed, CeedQFunctionContextDestroy(&problem->apply_slip.qfunction_context));
284     PetscCallCeed(ceed, CeedQFunctionContextDestroy(&problem->apply_slip_jacobian.qfunction_context));
285     PetscCallCeed(ceed, CeedQFunctionContextDestroy(&problem->ics.qfunction_context));
286     PetscCallCeed(ceed, CeedQFunctionContextDestroy(&problem->apply_vol_rhs.qfunction_context));
287     PetscCallCeed(ceed, CeedQFunctionContextDestroy(&problem->apply_vol_ifunction.qfunction_context));
288     PetscCallCeed(ceed, CeedQFunctionContextDestroy(&problem->apply_vol_ijacobian.qfunction_context));
289   }
290 
291   // -- Operators
292   PetscCall(OperatorApplyContextDestroy(ceed_data->op_ics_ctx));
293   PetscCall(OperatorApplyContextDestroy(user->op_rhs_ctx));
294   PetscCall(OperatorApplyContextDestroy(user->op_strong_bc_ctx));
295   PetscCallCeed(ceed, CeedOperatorDestroy(&user->op_ifunction));
296 
297   // -- Ceed
298   PetscCheck(CeedDestroy(&ceed) == CEED_ERROR_SUCCESS, comm, PETSC_ERR_LIB, "Destroying Ceed object failed");
299 
300   if (app_ctx->test_type != TESTTYPE_NONE) {
301     PetscInt num_options_left = 0;
302     PetscCall(PetscOptionsLeftGet(NULL, &num_options_left, NULL, NULL));
303     PetscCheck(num_options_left == 0, PETSC_COMM_WORLD, -1,
304                "There are unused options. This is not allowed. See error message for the unused options (or use -options_left directly)");
305   }
306 
307   // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
308   // Clean up PETSc
309   // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
310   // -- Vectors
311   PetscCall(VecDestroy(&Q));
312   PetscCall(VecDestroy(&user->Q_loc));
313   PetscCall(VecDestroy(&user->Q_dot_loc));
314 
315   PetscCall(KSPDestroy(&user->mass_ksp));
316 
317   // -- Matrices
318   PetscCall(MatDestroy(&user->interp_viz));
319   PetscCall(MatDestroy(&user->mat_ijacobian));
320 
321   // -- DM
322   PetscCall(DMDestroy(&dm));
323   PetscCall(DMDestroy(&user->dm_viz));
324 
325   // -- TS
326   PetscCall(TSDestroy(&ts));
327 
328   // -- Function list
329   PetscCall(PetscFunctionListDestroy(&app_ctx->problems));
330 
331   PetscCall(PetscFree(app_ctx->amat_type));
332   PetscCall(PetscFree(app_ctx->wall_forces.walls));
333   PetscCall(PetscViewerDestroy(&app_ctx->wall_forces.viewer));
334 
335   // -- Structs
336   PetscCall(PetscFree(units));
337   PetscCall(PetscFree(user));
338   PetscCall(PetscFree(problem));
339   PetscCall(PetscFree(bc));
340   PetscCall(PetscFree(phys_ctx));
341   PetscCall(PetscFree(app_ctx));
342   PetscCall(PetscFree(ceed_data));
343   PetscCall(PetscFree(problem));
344 
345   return PetscFinalize();
346 }
347