xref: /libCEED/examples/fluids/problems/newtonian.c (revision ca5eadf8df4f5a5d6322e2e571e4886ce218945b)
1 // Copyright (c) 2017-2022, Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC and other CEED contributors.
2 // All Rights Reserved. See the top-level LICENSE and NOTICE files for details.
3 //
4 // SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
5 //
6 // This file is part of CEED:  http://github.com/ceed
7 
8 /// @file
9 /// Utility functions for setting up problems using the Newtonian Qfunction
10 
11 #include "../navierstokes.h"
12 #include "../qfunctions/setupgeo.h"
13 #include "../qfunctions/newtonian.h"
14 
15 // Compute relative error |a - b|/|s|
16 static PetscErrorCode CheckPrimitiveWithTolerance(StatePrimitive sY,
17     StatePrimitive aY, StatePrimitive bY, const char *name, PetscReal rtol_pressure,
18     PetscReal rtol_velocity, PetscReal rtol_temperature) {
19 
20   PetscFunctionBeginUser;
21   StatePrimitive eY; // relative error
22   eY.pressure = (aY.pressure - bY.pressure) / sY.pressure;
23   PetscScalar u = sqrt(Square(sY.velocity[0]) + Square(sY.velocity[1]) + Square(
24                          sY.velocity[2]));
25   for (int j=0; j<3; j++) eY.velocity[j] = (aY.velocity[j] - bY.velocity[j]) / u;
26   eY.temperature = (aY.temperature - bY.temperature) / sY.temperature;
27   if (fabs(eY.pressure) > rtol_pressure)
28     printf("%s: pressure error %g\n", name, eY.pressure);
29   for (int j=0; j<3; j++)
30     if (fabs(eY.velocity[j]) > rtol_velocity)
31       printf("%s: velocity[%d] error %g\n", name, j, eY.velocity[j]);
32   if (fabs(eY.temperature) > rtol_temperature)
33     printf("%s: temperature error %g\n", name, eY.temperature);
34   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
35 }
36 
37 static PetscErrorCode UnitTests_Newtonian(User user,
38     NewtonianIdealGasContext gas) {
39 
40   Units units = user->units;
41   const CeedScalar eps    = 1e-6;
42   const CeedScalar kg     = units->kilogram,
43                    m      = units->meter,
44                    sec    = units->second,
45                    Pascal = units->Pascal;
46   PetscFunctionBeginUser;
47   const CeedScalar rho = 1.2 * kg / (m*m*m),
48                    u   = 40 * m/sec;
49   CeedScalar U[5] = {rho, rho*u, rho *u*1.1, rho *u*1.2, 250e3*Pascal + .5*rho *u*u};
50   const CeedScalar x[3] = {.1, .2, .3};
51   State s = StateFromU(gas, U, x);
52   for (int i=0; i<8; i++) {
53     CeedScalar dU[5] = {0}, dx[3] = {0};
54     if (i < 5) dU[i] = U[i];
55     else dx[i-5] = x[i-5];
56     State ds = StateFromU_fwd(gas, s, dU, x, dx);
57     for (int j=0; j<5; j++) dU[j] = (1 + eps * (i == j)) * U[j];
58     for (int j=0; j<3; j++) dx[j] = (1 + eps * (i == 5 + j)) * x[j];
59     State t = StateFromU(gas, dU, dx);
60     StatePrimitive dY;
61     dY.pressure = (t.Y.pressure - s.Y.pressure) / eps;
62     for (int j=0; j<3; j++)
63       dY.velocity[j] = (t.Y.velocity[j] - s.Y.velocity[j]) / eps;
64     dY.temperature = (t.Y.temperature - s.Y.temperature) / eps;
65     char buf[128];
66     snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "StateFromU_fwd i=%d", i);
67     PetscCall(CheckPrimitiveWithTolerance(dY, ds.Y, dY, buf, 5e-6, 1e-6, 1e-6));
68   }
69   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
70 }
71 
72 PetscErrorCode NS_NEWTONIAN_IG(ProblemData *problem, DM dm, void *ctx) {
73 
74   SetupContext      setup_context;
75   User              user = *(User *)ctx;
76   StabilizationType stab;
77   StateVariable     state_var;
78   MPI_Comm          comm = PETSC_COMM_WORLD;
79   PetscBool         implicit;
80   PetscBool         has_curr_time = PETSC_FALSE, unit_tests;
81   PetscInt          ierr;
82   NewtonianIdealGasContext newtonian_ig_ctx;
83   CeedQFunctionContext newtonian_ig_context;
84 
85   PetscFunctionBeginUser;
86   ierr = PetscCalloc1(1, &setup_context); CHKERRQ(ierr);
87   ierr = PetscCalloc1(1, &newtonian_ig_ctx); CHKERRQ(ierr);
88 
89   // ------------------------------------------------------
90   //           Setup Generic Newtonian IG Problem
91   // ------------------------------------------------------
92   problem->dim                                  = 3;
93   problem->q_data_size_vol                      = 10;
94   problem->q_data_size_sur                      = 10;
95   problem->jac_data_size_sur                    = 11;
96   problem->setup_vol.qfunction                  = Setup;
97   problem->setup_vol.qfunction_loc              = Setup_loc;
98   problem->setup_sur.qfunction                  = SetupBoundary;
99   problem->setup_sur.qfunction_loc              = SetupBoundary_loc;
100   problem->bc                                   = NULL;
101   problem->bc_ctx                               = setup_context;
102   problem->non_zero_time                        = PETSC_FALSE;
103   problem->print_info                           = PRINT_NEWTONIAN;
104 
105   // ------------------------------------------------------
106   //             Create the libCEED context
107   // ------------------------------------------------------
108   CeedScalar cv     = 717.;          // J/(kg K)
109   CeedScalar cp     = 1004.;         // J/(kg K)
110   CeedScalar g[3]   = {0, 0, -9.81}; // m/s^2
111   CeedScalar lambda = -2./3.;        // -
112   CeedScalar mu     = 1.8e-5;        // Pa s, dynamic viscosity
113   CeedScalar k      = 0.02638;       // W/(m K)
114   CeedScalar c_tau  = 0.5;           // -
115   CeedScalar Ctau_t = 1.0;           // -
116   CeedScalar Ctau_v = 36.0;          // TODO make function of degree
117   CeedScalar Ctau_C = 1.0;           // TODO make function of degree
118   CeedScalar Ctau_M = 1.0;           // TODO make function of degree
119   CeedScalar Ctau_E = 1.0;           // TODO make function of degree
120   PetscReal domain_min[3], domain_max[3], domain_size[3];
121   ierr = DMGetBoundingBox(dm, domain_min, domain_max); CHKERRQ(ierr);
122   for (PetscInt i=0; i<3; i++) domain_size[i] = domain_max[i] - domain_min[i];
123 
124   // ------------------------------------------------------
125   //             Create the PETSc context
126   // ------------------------------------------------------
127   PetscScalar meter    = 1;  // 1 meter in scaled length units
128   PetscScalar kilogram = 1;  // 1 kilogram in scaled mass units
129   PetscScalar second   = 1;  // 1 second in scaled time units
130   PetscScalar Kelvin   = 1;  // 1 Kelvin in scaled temperature units
131   PetscScalar W_per_m_K, Pascal, J_per_kg_K, m_per_squared_s;
132 
133   // ------------------------------------------------------
134   //              Command line Options
135   // ------------------------------------------------------
136   PetscOptionsBegin(comm, NULL, "Options for Newtonian Ideal Gas based problem",
137                     NULL);
138   // -- Conservative vs Primitive variables
139   ierr = PetscOptionsEnum("-state_var", "State variables used", NULL,
140                           StateVariables, (PetscEnum)(state_var = STATEVAR_CONSERVATIVE),
141                           (PetscEnum *)&state_var, NULL); CHKERRQ(ierr);
142 
143   // *INDENT-OFF*
144   switch (state_var) {
145   case STATEVAR_CONSERVATIVE:
146     problem->ics.qfunction                        = ICsNewtonianIG;
147     problem->ics.qfunction_loc                    = ICsNewtonianIG_loc;
148     problem->apply_vol_rhs.qfunction              = RHSFunction_Newtonian;
149     problem->apply_vol_rhs.qfunction_loc          = RHSFunction_Newtonian_loc;
150     problem->apply_vol_ifunction.qfunction        = IFunction_Newtonian_Conserv;
151     problem->apply_vol_ifunction.qfunction_loc    = IFunction_Newtonian_Conserv_loc;
152     problem->apply_vol_ijacobian.qfunction        = IJacobian_Newtonian_Conserv;
153     problem->apply_vol_ijacobian.qfunction_loc    = IJacobian_Newtonian_Conserv_loc;
154     problem->apply_inflow.qfunction               = BoundaryIntegral_Conserv;
155     problem->apply_inflow.qfunction_loc           = BoundaryIntegral_Conserv_loc;
156     problem->apply_inflow_jacobian.qfunction      = BoundaryIntegral_Jacobian_Conserv;
157     problem->apply_inflow_jacobian.qfunction_loc  = BoundaryIntegral_Jacobian_Conserv_loc;
158     problem->apply_outflow.qfunction              = PressureOutflow_Conserv;
159     problem->apply_outflow.qfunction_loc          = PressureOutflow_Conserv_loc;
160     problem->apply_outflow_jacobian.qfunction     = PressureOutflow_Jacobian_Conserv;
161     problem->apply_outflow_jacobian.qfunction_loc = PressureOutflow_Jacobian_Conserv_loc;
162     break;
163 
164   case STATEVAR_PRIMITIVE:
165     problem->ics.qfunction                        = ICsNewtonianIG_Prim;
166     problem->ics.qfunction_loc                    = ICsNewtonianIG_Prim_loc;
167     problem->apply_vol_ifunction.qfunction        = IFunction_Newtonian_Prim;
168     problem->apply_vol_ifunction.qfunction_loc    = IFunction_Newtonian_Prim_loc;
169     problem->apply_vol_ijacobian.qfunction        = IJacobian_Newtonian_Prim;
170     problem->apply_vol_ijacobian.qfunction_loc    = IJacobian_Newtonian_Prim_loc;
171     problem->apply_inflow.qfunction               = BoundaryIntegral_Prim;
172     problem->apply_inflow.qfunction_loc           = BoundaryIntegral_Prim_loc;
173     problem->apply_inflow_jacobian.qfunction      = BoundaryIntegral_Jacobian_Prim;
174     problem->apply_inflow_jacobian.qfunction_loc  = BoundaryIntegral_Jacobian_Prim_loc;
175     problem->apply_outflow.qfunction              = PressureOutflow_Prim;
176     problem->apply_outflow.qfunction_loc          = PressureOutflow_Prim_loc;
177     problem->apply_outflow_jacobian.qfunction     = PressureOutflow_Jacobian_Prim;
178     problem->apply_outflow_jacobian.qfunction_loc = PressureOutflow_Jacobian_Prim_loc;
179     break;
180   }
181   // *INDENT-ON*
182 
183   // -- Physics
184   ierr = PetscOptionsScalar("-cv", "Heat capacity at constant volume",
185                             NULL, cv, &cv, NULL); CHKERRQ(ierr);
186   ierr = PetscOptionsScalar("-cp", "Heat capacity at constant pressure",
187                             NULL, cp, &cp, NULL); CHKERRQ(ierr);
188   ierr = PetscOptionsScalar("-lambda",
189                             "Stokes hypothesis second viscosity coefficient",
190                             NULL, lambda, &lambda, NULL); CHKERRQ(ierr);
191   ierr = PetscOptionsScalar("-mu", "Shear dynamic viscosity coefficient",
192                             NULL, mu, &mu, NULL); CHKERRQ(ierr);
193   ierr = PetscOptionsScalar("-k", "Thermal conductivity",
194                             NULL, k, &k, NULL); CHKERRQ(ierr);
195 
196   PetscInt dim = problem->dim;
197   ierr = PetscOptionsRealArray("-g", "Gravitational acceleration",
198                                NULL, g, &dim, NULL); CHKERRQ(ierr);
199   ierr = PetscOptionsEnum("-stab", "Stabilization method", NULL,
200                           StabilizationTypes, (PetscEnum)(stab = STAB_NONE),
201                           (PetscEnum *)&stab, NULL); CHKERRQ(ierr);
202   ierr = PetscOptionsScalar("-c_tau", "Stabilization constant",
203                             NULL, c_tau, &c_tau, NULL); CHKERRQ(ierr);
204   ierr = PetscOptionsScalar("-Ctau_t", "Stabilization time constant",
205                             NULL, Ctau_t, &Ctau_t, NULL); CHKERRQ(ierr);
206   ierr = PetscOptionsScalar("-Ctau_v", "Stabilization viscous constant",
207                             NULL, Ctau_v, &Ctau_v, NULL); CHKERRQ(ierr);
208   ierr = PetscOptionsScalar("-Ctau_C", "Stabilization continuity constant",
209                             NULL, Ctau_C, &Ctau_C, NULL); CHKERRQ(ierr);
210   ierr = PetscOptionsScalar("-Ctau_M", "Stabilization momentum constant",
211                             NULL, Ctau_M, &Ctau_M, NULL); CHKERRQ(ierr);
212   ierr = PetscOptionsScalar("-Ctau_E", "Stabilization energy constant",
213                             NULL, Ctau_E, &Ctau_E, NULL); CHKERRQ(ierr);
214   ierr = PetscOptionsBool("-implicit", "Use implicit (IFunction) formulation",
215                           NULL, implicit=PETSC_FALSE, &implicit, NULL);
216   CHKERRQ(ierr);
217   ierr = PetscOptionsBool("-newtonian_unit_tests", "Run Newtonian unit tests",
218                           NULL, unit_tests=PETSC_FALSE, &unit_tests, NULL);
219   CHKERRQ(ierr);
220 
221   // -- Units
222   ierr = PetscOptionsScalar("-units_meter", "1 meter in scaled length units",
223                             NULL, meter, &meter, NULL); CHKERRQ(ierr);
224   meter = fabs(meter);
225   ierr = PetscOptionsScalar("-units_kilogram","1 kilogram in scaled mass units",
226                             NULL, kilogram, &kilogram, NULL); CHKERRQ(ierr);
227   kilogram = fabs(kilogram);
228   ierr = PetscOptionsScalar("-units_second","1 second in scaled time units",
229                             NULL, second, &second, NULL); CHKERRQ(ierr);
230   second = fabs(second);
231   ierr = PetscOptionsScalar("-units_Kelvin",
232                             "1 Kelvin in scaled temperature units",
233                             NULL, Kelvin, &Kelvin, NULL); CHKERRQ(ierr);
234   Kelvin = fabs(Kelvin);
235 
236   // -- Warnings
237   if (stab == STAB_SUPG && !implicit) {
238     ierr = PetscPrintf(comm,
239                        "Warning! Use -stab supg only with -implicit\n");
240     CHKERRQ(ierr);
241   }
242   if (state_var==STATEVAR_PRIMITIVE && !implicit) {
243     SETERRQ(comm, PETSC_ERR_ARG_NULL,
244             "RHSFunction is not provided for primitive variables (use -state_var primitive only with -implicit)\n");
245   }
246   PetscOptionsEnd();
247 
248   // ------------------------------------------------------
249   //           Set up the PETSc context
250   // ------------------------------------------------------
251   // -- Define derived units
252   Pascal          = kilogram / (meter * PetscSqr(second));
253   J_per_kg_K      =  PetscSqr(meter) / (PetscSqr(second) * Kelvin);
254   m_per_squared_s = meter / PetscSqr(second);
255   W_per_m_K       = kilogram * meter / (pow(second,3) * Kelvin);
256 
257   user->units->meter           = meter;
258   user->units->kilogram        = kilogram;
259   user->units->second          = second;
260   user->units->Kelvin          = Kelvin;
261   user->units->Pascal          = Pascal;
262   user->units->J_per_kg_K      = J_per_kg_K;
263   user->units->m_per_squared_s = m_per_squared_s;
264   user->units->W_per_m_K       = W_per_m_K;
265 
266   // ------------------------------------------------------
267   //           Set up the libCEED context
268   // ------------------------------------------------------
269   // -- Scale variables to desired units
270   cv     *= J_per_kg_K;
271   cp     *= J_per_kg_K;
272   mu     *= Pascal * second;
273   k      *= W_per_m_K;
274   for (PetscInt i=0; i<3; i++) domain_size[i] *= meter;
275   for (PetscInt i=0; i<3; i++) g[i]           *= m_per_squared_s;
276   problem->dm_scale = meter;
277 
278   // -- Setup Context
279   setup_context->cv         = cv;
280   setup_context->cp         = cp;
281   setup_context->lx         = domain_size[0];
282   setup_context->ly         = domain_size[1];
283   setup_context->lz         = domain_size[2];
284   setup_context->time       = 0;
285   ierr = PetscArraycpy(setup_context->g, g, 3); CHKERRQ(ierr);
286 
287   // -- Solver Settings
288   user->phys->stab          = stab;
289   user->phys->implicit      = implicit;
290   user->phys->state_var     = state_var;
291   user->phys->has_curr_time = has_curr_time;
292 
293   // -- QFunction Context
294   newtonian_ig_ctx->lambda        = lambda;
295   newtonian_ig_ctx->mu            = mu;
296   newtonian_ig_ctx->k             = k;
297   newtonian_ig_ctx->cv            = cv;
298   newtonian_ig_ctx->cp            = cp;
299   newtonian_ig_ctx->c_tau         = c_tau;
300   newtonian_ig_ctx->Ctau_t        = Ctau_t;
301   newtonian_ig_ctx->Ctau_v        = Ctau_v;
302   newtonian_ig_ctx->Ctau_C        = Ctau_C;
303   newtonian_ig_ctx->Ctau_M        = Ctau_M;
304   newtonian_ig_ctx->Ctau_E        = Ctau_E;
305   newtonian_ig_ctx->stabilization = stab;
306   newtonian_ig_ctx->is_implicit   = implicit;
307   newtonian_ig_ctx->state_var = state_var;
308   ierr = PetscArraycpy(newtonian_ig_ctx->g, g, 3); CHKERRQ(ierr);
309 
310   CeedQFunctionContextCreate(user->ceed, &problem->ics.qfunction_context);
311   CeedQFunctionContextSetData(problem->ics.qfunction_context, CEED_MEM_HOST,
312                               CEED_USE_POINTER, sizeof(*setup_context), setup_context);
313   CeedQFunctionContextSetDataDestroy(problem->ics.qfunction_context,
314                                      CEED_MEM_HOST,
315                                      FreeContextPetsc);
316   CeedQFunctionContextRegisterDouble(problem->ics.qfunction_context,
317                                      "evaluation time",
318                                      (char *)&setup_context->time - (char *)setup_context, 1, "Time of evaluation");
319 
320   CeedQFunctionContextCreate(user->ceed, &newtonian_ig_context);
321   CeedQFunctionContextSetData(newtonian_ig_context, CEED_MEM_HOST,
322                               CEED_USE_POINTER,
323                               sizeof(*newtonian_ig_ctx), newtonian_ig_ctx);
324   CeedQFunctionContextSetDataDestroy(newtonian_ig_context, CEED_MEM_HOST,
325                                      FreeContextPetsc);
326   CeedQFunctionContextRegisterDouble(newtonian_ig_context, "timestep size",
327                                      offsetof(struct NewtonianIdealGasContext_, dt), 1, "Size of timestep, delta t");
328   CeedQFunctionContextRegisterDouble(newtonian_ig_context, "ijacobian time shift",
329                                      offsetof(struct NewtonianIdealGasContext_, ijacobian_time_shift), 1,
330                                      "Shift for mass matrix in IJacobian");
331   problem->apply_vol_rhs.qfunction_context = newtonian_ig_context;
332   CeedQFunctionContextReferenceCopy(newtonian_ig_context,
333                                     &problem->apply_vol_ifunction.qfunction_context);
334   CeedQFunctionContextReferenceCopy(newtonian_ig_context,
335                                     &problem->apply_vol_ijacobian.qfunction_context);
336   CeedQFunctionContextReferenceCopy(newtonian_ig_context,
337                                     &problem->apply_inflow.qfunction_context);
338   CeedQFunctionContextReferenceCopy(newtonian_ig_context,
339                                     &problem->apply_inflow_jacobian.qfunction_context);
340   CeedQFunctionContextReferenceCopy(newtonian_ig_context,
341                                     &problem->apply_outflow.qfunction_context);
342   CeedQFunctionContextReferenceCopy(newtonian_ig_context,
343                                     &problem->apply_outflow_jacobian.qfunction_context);
344 
345   if (unit_tests) {
346     PetscCall(UnitTests_Newtonian(user, newtonian_ig_ctx));
347   }
348   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
349 }
350 
351 PetscErrorCode PRINT_NEWTONIAN(ProblemData *problem, AppCtx app_ctx) {
352 
353   MPI_Comm comm = PETSC_COMM_WORLD;
354   PetscErrorCode ierr;
355   NewtonianIdealGasContext newtonian_ctx;
356 
357   PetscFunctionBeginUser;
358   CeedQFunctionContextGetData(problem->apply_vol_rhs.qfunction_context,
359                               CEED_MEM_HOST, &newtonian_ctx);
360   ierr = PetscPrintf(comm,
361                      "  Problem:\n"
362                      "    Problem Name                       : %s\n"
363                      "    Stabilization                      : %s\n",
364                      app_ctx->problem_name, StabilizationTypes[newtonian_ctx->stabilization]);
365   CHKERRQ(ierr);
366   CeedQFunctionContextRestoreData(problem->apply_vol_rhs.qfunction_context,
367                                   &newtonian_ctx);
368   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
369 }
370