xref: /libCEED/rust/libceed/src/vector.rs (revision 3e551a327d6c97f9de071b988b42ffdb7bed19a7)
1 // Copyright (c) 2017-2024, Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC and other CEED contributors.
2 // All Rights Reserved. See the top-level LICENSE and NOTICE files for details.
3 //
4 // SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
5 //
6 // This file is part of CEED:  http://github.com/ceed
7 
8 //! A Ceed Vector constitutes the main data structure and serves as input/output
9 //! for Ceed Operators.
10 
11 use std::{
12     ops::{Deref, DerefMut},
13     os::raw::c_char,
14 };
15 
16 use crate::prelude::*;
17 
18 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
19 // Vector option
20 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
21 #[derive(Debug)]
22 pub enum VectorOpt<'a> {
23     Some(&'a Vector<'a>),
24     Active,
25     None,
26 }
27 /// Construct a VectorOpt reference from a Vector reference
28 impl<'a> From<&'a Vector<'_>> for VectorOpt<'a> {
29     fn from(vec: &'a Vector) -> Self {
30         debug_assert!(vec.ptr != unsafe { bind_ceed::CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE });
31         debug_assert!(vec.ptr != unsafe { bind_ceed::CEED_VECTOR_NONE });
32         Self::Some(vec)
33     }
34 }
35 impl<'a> VectorOpt<'a> {
36     /// Transform a Rust libCEED VectorOpt into C libCEED CeedVector
37     pub(crate) fn to_raw(self) -> bind_ceed::CeedVector {
38         match self {
39             Self::Some(vec) => vec.ptr,
40             Self::Active => unsafe { bind_ceed::CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE },
41             Self::None => unsafe { bind_ceed::CEED_VECTOR_NONE },
42         }
43     }
44 
45     /// Check if a VectorOpt is Some
46     ///
47     /// ```
48     /// # use libceed::prelude::*;
49     /// # fn main() -> libceed::Result<()> {
50     /// # let ceed = libceed::Ceed::default_init();
51     /// let vec = libceed::vector::Vector::from_slice(&ceed, &[1., 2., 3.])?;
52     /// let vec_opt = VectorOpt::from(&vec);
53     /// assert!(vec_opt.is_some(), "Incorrect VectorOpt");
54     ///
55     /// let vec_opt = VectorOpt::Active;
56     /// assert!(!vec_opt.is_some(), "Incorrect VectorOpt");
57     ///
58     /// let vec_opt = VectorOpt::None;
59     /// assert!(!vec_opt.is_some(), "Incorrect VectorOpt");
60     /// # Ok(())
61     /// # }
62     /// ```
63     pub fn is_some(&self) -> bool {
64         match self {
65             Self::Some(_) => true,
66             Self::Active => false,
67             Self::None => false,
68         }
69     }
70 
71     /// Check if a VectorOpt is Active
72     ///
73     /// ```
74     /// # use libceed::prelude::*;
75     /// # fn main() -> libceed::Result<()> {
76     /// # let ceed = libceed::Ceed::default_init();
77     /// let vec = libceed::vector::Vector::from_slice(&ceed, &[1., 2., 3.])?;
78     /// let vec_opt = VectorOpt::from(&vec);
79     /// assert!(!vec_opt.is_active(), "Incorrect VectorOpt");
80     ///
81     /// let vec_opt = VectorOpt::Active;
82     /// assert!(vec_opt.is_active(), "Incorrect VectorOpt");
83     ///
84     /// let vec_opt = VectorOpt::None;
85     /// assert!(!vec_opt.is_active(), "Incorrect VectorOpt");
86     /// # Ok(())
87     /// # }
88     /// ```
89     pub fn is_active(&self) -> bool {
90         match self {
91             Self::Some(_) => false,
92             Self::Active => true,
93             Self::None => false,
94         }
95     }
96 
97     /// Check if a VectorOpt is Some
98     ///
99     /// ```
100     /// # use libceed::prelude::*;
101     /// # fn main() -> libceed::Result<()> {
102     /// # let ceed = libceed::Ceed::default_init();
103     /// let vec = libceed::vector::Vector::from_slice(&ceed, &[1., 2., 3.])?;
104     /// let vec_opt = VectorOpt::from(&vec);
105     /// assert!(!vec_opt.is_none(), "Incorrect VectorOpt");
106     ///
107     /// let vec_opt = VectorOpt::Active;
108     /// assert!(!vec_opt.is_none(), "Incorrect VectorOpt");
109     ///
110     /// let vec_opt = VectorOpt::None;
111     /// assert!(vec_opt.is_none(), "Incorrect VectorOpt");
112     /// # Ok(())
113     /// # }
114     /// ```
115     pub fn is_none(&self) -> bool {
116         match self {
117             Self::Some(_) => false,
118             Self::Active => false,
119             Self::None => true,
120         }
121     }
122 }
123 
124 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
125 // Vector borrowed slice wrapper
126 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
127 pub struct VectorSliceWrapper<'a> {
128     pub(crate) vector: crate::Vector<'a>,
129     pub(crate) _slice: &'a mut [crate::Scalar],
130 }
131 
132 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
133 // Destructor
134 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
135 impl<'a> Drop for VectorSliceWrapper<'a> {
136     fn drop(&mut self) {
137         unsafe {
138             bind_ceed::CeedVectorTakeArray(
139                 self.vector.ptr,
140                 crate::MemType::Host as bind_ceed::CeedMemType,
141                 std::ptr::null_mut(),
142             )
143         };
144     }
145 }
146 
147 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
148 // Convenience constructor
149 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
150 impl<'a> VectorSliceWrapper<'a> {
151     fn from_vector_and_slice_mut<'b>(
152         vec: &'b mut crate::Vector,
153         slice: &'a mut [crate::Scalar],
154     ) -> crate::Result<Self> {
155         assert_eq!(vec.length(), slice.len());
156         let (host, copy_mode) = (
157             crate::MemType::Host as bind_ceed::CeedMemType,
158             crate::CopyMode::UsePointer as bind_ceed::CeedCopyMode,
159         );
160         let ierr = unsafe {
161             bind_ceed::CeedVectorSetArray(
162                 vec.ptr,
163                 host,
164                 copy_mode,
165                 slice.as_ptr() as *mut crate::Scalar,
166             )
167         };
168         vec.check_error(ierr)?;
169 
170         Ok(Self {
171             vector: crate::Vector::from_raw(vec.ptr_copy_mut()?)?,
172             _slice: slice,
173         })
174     }
175 }
176 
177 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
178 // Vector context wrapper
179 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
180 #[derive(Debug)]
181 pub struct Vector<'a> {
182     pub(crate) ptr: bind_ceed::CeedVector,
183     _lifeline: PhantomData<&'a ()>,
184 }
185 impl From<&'_ Vector<'_>> for bind_ceed::CeedVector {
186     fn from(vec: &Vector) -> Self {
187         vec.ptr
188     }
189 }
190 
191 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
192 // Destructor
193 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
194 impl<'a> Drop for Vector<'a> {
195     fn drop(&mut self) {
196         let not_none_and_active = self.ptr != unsafe { bind_ceed::CEED_VECTOR_NONE }
197             && self.ptr != unsafe { bind_ceed::CEED_VECTOR_ACTIVE };
198 
199         if not_none_and_active {
200             unsafe { bind_ceed::CeedVectorDestroy(&mut self.ptr) };
201         }
202     }
203 }
204 
205 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
206 // Display
207 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
208 impl<'a> fmt::Display for Vector<'a> {
209     /// View a Vector
210     ///
211     /// ```
212     /// # use libceed::prelude::*;
213     /// # fn main() -> libceed::Result<()> {
214     /// # let ceed = libceed::Ceed::default_init();
215     /// let vec = libceed::vector::Vector::from_slice(&ceed, &[1., 2., 3.])?;
216     /// assert_eq!(
217     ///     vec.to_string(),
218     ///     "CeedVector length 3
219     ///     1.00000000
220     ///     2.00000000
221     ///     3.00000000
222     /// "
223     /// );
224     /// # Ok(())
225     /// # }
226     /// ```
227     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
228         let mut ptr = std::ptr::null_mut();
229         let mut sizeloc = crate::MAX_BUFFER_LENGTH;
230         let format = CString::new("%12.8f").expect("CString::new failed");
231         let format_c: *const c_char = format.into_raw();
232         let cstring = unsafe {
233             let file = bind_ceed::open_memstream(&mut ptr, &mut sizeloc);
234             bind_ceed::CeedVectorView(self.ptr, format_c, file);
235             bind_ceed::fclose(file);
236             CString::from_raw(ptr)
237         };
238         cstring.to_string_lossy().fmt(f)
239     }
240 }
241 
242 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
243 // Implementations
244 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
245 impl<'a> Vector<'a> {
246     // Constructors
247     pub fn create(ceed: &crate::Ceed, n: usize) -> crate::Result<Self> {
248         let n = isize::try_from(n).unwrap();
249         let mut ptr = std::ptr::null_mut();
250         let ierr = unsafe { bind_ceed::CeedVectorCreate(ceed.ptr, n, &mut ptr) };
251         ceed.check_error(ierr)?;
252         Ok(Self {
253             ptr,
254             _lifeline: PhantomData,
255         })
256     }
257 
258     pub(crate) fn from_raw(ptr: bind_ceed::CeedVector) -> crate::Result<Self> {
259         Ok(Self {
260             ptr,
261             _lifeline: PhantomData,
262         })
263     }
264 
265     fn ptr_copy_mut(&mut self) -> crate::Result<bind_ceed::CeedVector> {
266         let mut ptr_copy = std::ptr::null_mut();
267         let ierr = unsafe { bind_ceed::CeedVectorReferenceCopy(self.ptr, &mut ptr_copy) };
268         self.check_error(ierr)?;
269         Ok(ptr_copy)
270     }
271 
272     /// Copy the array of self into vec_copy
273     ///
274     /// # arguments
275     ///
276     /// * `vec_source` - vector to copy array values from
277     ///
278     /// ```
279     /// # use libceed::prelude::*;
280     /// # fn main() -> libceed::Result<()> {
281     /// # let ceed = libceed::Ceed::default_init();
282     /// let a = ceed.vector_from_slice(&[1., 2., 3.])?;
283     /// let mut b = ceed.vector(3)?;
284     ///
285     /// b.copy_from(&a)?;
286     /// for (i, v) in b.view()?.iter().enumerate() {
287     ///     assert_eq!(*v, (i + 1) as Scalar, "Copy contents not set correctly");
288     /// }
289     /// # Ok(())
290     /// # }
291     /// ```
292     /// ```
293     pub fn copy_from(&mut self, vec_source: &crate::Vector) -> crate::Result<i32> {
294         let ierr = unsafe { bind_ceed::CeedVectorCopy(vec_source.ptr, self.ptr) };
295         self.check_error(ierr)
296     }
297 
298     /// Create a Vector from a slice
299     ///
300     /// # arguments
301     ///
302     /// * `slice` - values to initialize vector with
303     ///
304     /// ```
305     /// # use libceed::prelude::*;
306     /// # fn main() -> libceed::Result<()> {
307     /// # let ceed = libceed::Ceed::default_init();
308     /// let vec = vector::Vector::from_slice(&ceed, &[1., 2., 3.])?;
309     /// assert_eq!(vec.length(), 3, "Incorrect length from slice");
310     /// # Ok(())
311     /// # }
312     /// ```
313     pub fn from_slice(ceed: &crate::Ceed, v: &[crate::Scalar]) -> crate::Result<Self> {
314         let mut x = Self::create(ceed, v.len())?;
315         x.set_slice(v)?;
316         Ok(x)
317     }
318 
319     /// Create a Vector from a mutable array reference
320     ///
321     /// # arguments
322     ///
323     /// * `slice` - values to initialize vector with
324     ///
325     /// ```
326     /// # use libceed::prelude::*;
327     /// # fn main() -> libceed::Result<()> {
328     /// # let ceed = libceed::Ceed::default_init();
329     /// let mut rust_vec = vec![1., 2., 3.];
330     /// let vec = libceed::vector::Vector::from_array(&ceed, &mut rust_vec)?;
331     ///
332     /// assert_eq!(vec.length(), 3, "Incorrect length from slice");
333     /// # Ok(())
334     /// # }
335     /// ```
336     pub fn from_array(ceed: &crate::Ceed, v: &mut [crate::Scalar]) -> crate::Result<Self> {
337         let x = Self::create(ceed, v.len())?;
338         let (host, user_pointer) = (
339             crate::MemType::Host as bind_ceed::CeedMemType,
340             crate::CopyMode::UsePointer as bind_ceed::CeedCopyMode,
341         );
342         let v = v.as_ptr() as *mut crate::Scalar;
343         let ierr = unsafe { bind_ceed::CeedVectorSetArray(x.ptr, host, user_pointer, v) };
344         ceed.check_error(ierr)?;
345         Ok(x)
346     }
347 
348     // Error handling
349     #[doc(hidden)]
350     fn check_error(&self, ierr: i32) -> crate::Result<i32> {
351         unsafe { crate::check_error(bind_ceed::CeedVectorReturnCeed(self.ptr), ierr) }
352     }
353 
354     /// Returns the length of a Vector
355     ///
356     /// ```
357     /// # use libceed::prelude::*;
358     /// # fn main() -> libceed::Result<()> {
359     /// # let ceed = libceed::Ceed::default_init();
360     /// let vec = ceed.vector(10)?;
361     ///
362     /// let n = vec.length();
363     /// assert_eq!(n, 10, "Incorrect length");
364     /// # Ok(())
365     /// # }
366     /// ```
367     pub fn length(&self) -> usize {
368         let mut n = 0;
369         unsafe { bind_ceed::CeedVectorGetLength(self.ptr, &mut n) };
370         usize::try_from(n).unwrap()
371     }
372 
373     /// Returns the length of a Vector
374     ///
375     /// ```
376     /// # use libceed::prelude::*;
377     /// # fn main() -> libceed::Result<()> {
378     /// # let ceed = libceed::Ceed::default_init();
379     /// let vec = ceed.vector(10)?;
380     /// assert_eq!(vec.len(), 10, "Incorrect length");
381     /// # Ok(())
382     /// # }
383     /// ```
384     pub fn len(&self) -> usize {
385         self.length()
386     }
387 
388     /// Set the Vector to a constant value
389     ///
390     /// # arguments
391     ///
392     /// * `val` - Value to be used
393     ///
394     /// ```
395     /// # use libceed::prelude::*;
396     /// # fn main() -> libceed::Result<()> {
397     /// # let ceed = libceed::Ceed::default_init();
398     /// let len = 10;
399     /// let mut vec = ceed.vector(len)?;
400     ///
401     /// let val = 42.0;
402     /// vec.set_value(val)?;
403     ///
404     /// for v in vec.view()?.iter() {
405     ///     assert_eq!(*v, val, "Value not set correctly");
406     /// }
407     /// # Ok(())
408     /// # }
409     /// ```
410     pub fn set_value(&mut self, value: crate::Scalar) -> crate::Result<i32> {
411         let ierr = unsafe { bind_ceed::CeedVectorSetValue(self.ptr, value) };
412         self.check_error(ierr)
413     }
414 
415     /// Set values from a slice of the same length
416     ///
417     /// # arguments
418     ///
419     /// * `slice` - values to into self; length must match
420     ///
421     /// ```
422     /// # use libceed::prelude::*;
423     /// # fn main() -> libceed::Result<()> {
424     /// # let ceed = libceed::Ceed::default_init();
425     /// let mut vec = ceed.vector(4)?;
426     /// vec.set_slice(&[10., 11., 12., 13.])?;
427     ///
428     /// for (i, v) in vec.view()?.iter().enumerate() {
429     ///     assert_eq!(*v, 10. + i as Scalar, "Slice not set correctly");
430     /// }
431     /// # Ok(())
432     /// # }
433     /// ```
434     pub fn set_slice(&mut self, slice: &[crate::Scalar]) -> crate::Result<i32> {
435         assert_eq!(self.length(), slice.len());
436         let (host, copy_mode) = (
437             crate::MemType::Host as bind_ceed::CeedMemType,
438             crate::CopyMode::CopyValues as bind_ceed::CeedCopyMode,
439         );
440         let ierr = unsafe {
441             bind_ceed::CeedVectorSetArray(
442                 self.ptr,
443                 host,
444                 copy_mode,
445                 slice.as_ptr() as *mut crate::Scalar,
446             )
447         };
448         self.check_error(ierr)
449     }
450 
451     /// Wrap a mutable slice in a Vector of the same length
452     ///
453     /// # arguments
454     ///
455     /// * `slice` - values to wrap in self; length must match
456     ///
457     /// ```
458     /// # use libceed::prelude::*;
459     /// # fn main() -> libceed::Result<()> {
460     /// # let ceed = libceed::Ceed::default_init();
461     /// let mut vec = ceed.vector(4)?;
462     /// let mut array = [10., 11., 12., 13.];
463     ///
464     /// {
465     ///     // `wrapper` holds a mutable reference to the wrapped slice
466     ///     //   that is dropped when `wrapper` goes out of scope
467     ///     let wrapper = vec.wrap_slice_mut(&mut array)?;
468     ///     for (i, v) in vec.view()?.iter().enumerate() {
469     ///         assert_eq!(*v, 10. + i as Scalar, "Slice not set correctly");
470     ///     }
471     ///
472     ///     // This line will not compile, as the `wrapper` holds mutable
473     ///     //   access to the `array`
474     ///     // array[0] = 5.0;
475     ///
476     ///     // Changes here are reflected in the `array`
477     ///     vec.set_value(5.0)?;
478     ///     for v in vec.view()?.iter() {
479     ///         assert_eq!(*v, 5.0 as Scalar, "Value not set correctly");
480     ///     }
481     /// }
482     ///
483     /// // 'array' remains changed
484     /// for v in array.iter() {
485     ///     assert_eq!(*v, 5.0 as Scalar, "Array not mutated correctly");
486     /// }
487     ///
488     /// // While changes to `vec` no longer affect `array`
489     /// vec.set_value(6.0)?;
490     /// for v in array.iter() {
491     ///     assert_eq!(*v, 5.0 as Scalar, "Array mutated without permission");
492     /// }
493     /// # Ok(())
494     /// # }
495     /// ```
496     pub fn wrap_slice_mut<'b>(
497         &mut self,
498         slice: &'b mut [crate::Scalar],
499     ) -> crate::Result<VectorSliceWrapper<'b>> {
500         crate::VectorSliceWrapper::from_vector_and_slice_mut(self, slice)
501     }
502 
503     /// Sync the Vector to a specified memtype
504     ///
505     /// # arguments
506     ///
507     /// * `mtype` - Memtype to be synced
508     ///
509     /// ```
510     /// # use libceed::prelude::*;
511     /// # fn main() -> libceed::Result<()> {
512     /// # let ceed = libceed::Ceed::default_init();
513     /// let len = 10;
514     /// let mut vec = ceed.vector(len)?;
515     ///
516     /// let val = 42.0;
517     /// vec.set_value(val);
518     /// vec.sync(MemType::Host)?;
519     ///
520     /// for v in vec.view()?.iter() {
521     ///     assert_eq!(*v, val, "Value not set correctly");
522     /// }
523     /// # Ok(())
524     /// # }
525     /// ```
526     pub fn sync(&self, mtype: crate::MemType) -> crate::Result<i32> {
527         let ierr =
528             unsafe { bind_ceed::CeedVectorSyncArray(self.ptr, mtype as bind_ceed::CeedMemType) };
529         self.check_error(ierr)
530     }
531 
532     /// Create an immutable view
533     ///
534     /// ```
535     /// # use libceed::prelude::*;
536     /// # fn main() -> libceed::Result<()> {
537     /// # let ceed = libceed::Ceed::default_init();
538     /// let vec = ceed.vector_from_slice(&[10., 11., 12., 13.])?;
539     ///
540     /// let v = vec.view()?;
541     /// assert_eq!(v[0..2], [10., 11.]);
542     ///
543     /// // It is valid to have multiple immutable views
544     /// let w = vec.view()?;
545     /// assert_eq!(v[1..], w[1..]);
546     /// # Ok(())
547     /// # }
548     /// ```
549     pub fn view(&self) -> crate::Result<VectorView> {
550         VectorView::new(self)
551     }
552 
553     /// Create an mutable view
554     ///
555     /// ```
556     /// # use libceed::prelude::*;
557     /// # fn main() -> libceed::Result<()> {
558     /// # let ceed = libceed::Ceed::default_init();
559     /// let mut vec = ceed.vector_from_slice(&[10., 11., 12., 13.])?;
560     ///
561     /// {
562     ///     let mut v = vec.view_mut()?;
563     ///     v[2] = 9.;
564     /// }
565     ///
566     /// let w = vec.view()?;
567     /// assert_eq!(w[2], 9., "View did not mutate data");
568     /// # Ok(())
569     /// # }
570     /// ```
571     pub fn view_mut(&mut self) -> crate::Result<VectorViewMut> {
572         VectorViewMut::new(self)
573     }
574 
575     /// Return the norm of a Vector
576     ///
577     /// # arguments
578     ///
579     /// * `ntype` - Norm type One, Two, or Max
580     ///
581     /// ```
582     /// # use libceed::prelude::*;
583     /// # fn main() -> libceed::Result<()> {
584     /// # let ceed = libceed::Ceed::default_init();
585     /// let vec = ceed.vector_from_slice(&[1., 2., 3., 4.])?;
586     ///
587     /// let max_norm = vec.norm(NormType::Max)?;
588     /// assert_eq!(max_norm, 4.0, "Incorrect Max norm");
589     ///
590     /// let l1_norm = vec.norm(NormType::One)?;
591     /// assert_eq!(l1_norm, 10., "Incorrect L1 norm");
592     ///
593     /// let l2_norm = vec.norm(NormType::Two)?;
594     /// assert!((l2_norm - 5.477) < 1e-3, "Incorrect L2 norm");
595     /// # Ok(())
596     /// # }
597     /// ```
598     pub fn norm(&self, ntype: crate::NormType) -> crate::Result<crate::Scalar> {
599         let mut res: crate::Scalar = 0.0;
600         let ierr = unsafe {
601             bind_ceed::CeedVectorNorm(self.ptr, ntype as bind_ceed::CeedNormType, &mut res)
602         };
603         self.check_error(ierr)?;
604         Ok(res)
605     }
606 
607     /// Compute x = alpha x for a Vector
608     ///
609     /// # arguments
610     ///
611     /// * `alpha` - scaling factor
612     ///
613     /// ```
614     /// # use libceed::prelude::*;
615     /// # fn main() -> libceed::Result<()> {
616     /// # let ceed = libceed::Ceed::default_init();
617     /// let mut vec = ceed.vector_from_slice(&[0., 1., 2., 3., 4.])?;
618     ///
619     /// vec = vec.scale(-1.0)?;
620     /// for (i, v) in vec.view()?.iter().enumerate() {
621     ///     assert_eq!(*v, -(i as Scalar), "Value not set correctly");
622     /// }
623     /// # Ok(())
624     /// # }
625     /// ```
626     #[allow(unused_mut)]
627     pub fn scale(mut self, alpha: crate::Scalar) -> crate::Result<Self> {
628         let ierr = unsafe { bind_ceed::CeedVectorScale(self.ptr, alpha) };
629         self.check_error(ierr)?;
630         Ok(self)
631     }
632 
633     /// Compute y = alpha x + y for a pair of Vectors
634     ///
635     /// # arguments
636     ///
637     /// * `alpha` - scaling factor
638     /// * `x`     - second vector, must be different than self
639     ///
640     /// ```
641     /// # use libceed::prelude::*;
642     /// # fn main() -> libceed::Result<()> {
643     /// # let ceed = libceed::Ceed::default_init();
644     /// let x = ceed.vector_from_slice(&[0., 1., 2., 3., 4.])?;
645     /// let mut y = ceed.vector_from_slice(&[0., 1., 2., 3., 4.])?;
646     ///
647     /// y = y.axpy(-0.5, &x)?;
648     /// for (i, y) in y.view()?.iter().enumerate() {
649     ///     assert_eq!(*y, (i as Scalar) / 2.0, "Value not set correctly");
650     /// }
651     /// # Ok(())
652     /// # }
653     /// ```
654     #[allow(unused_mut)]
655     pub fn axpy(mut self, alpha: crate::Scalar, x: &crate::Vector) -> crate::Result<Self> {
656         let ierr = unsafe { bind_ceed::CeedVectorAXPY(self.ptr, alpha, x.ptr) };
657         self.check_error(ierr)?;
658         Ok(self)
659     }
660 
661     /// Compute y = alpha x + beta y for a pair of Vectors
662     ///
663     /// # arguments
664     ///
665     /// * `alpha` - first scaling factor
666     /// * `beta`  - second scaling factor
667     /// * `x`     - second vector, must be different than self
668     ///
669     /// ```
670     /// # use libceed::prelude::*;
671     /// # fn main() -> libceed::Result<()> {
672     /// # let ceed = libceed::Ceed::default_init();
673     /// let x = ceed.vector_from_slice(&[0., 1., 2., 3., 4.])?;
674     /// let mut y = ceed.vector_from_slice(&[0., 1., 2., 3., 4.])?;
675     ///
676     /// y = y.axpby(-0.5, 1.0, &x)?;
677     /// for (i, y) in y.view()?.iter().enumerate() {
678     ///     assert_eq!(*y, (i as Scalar) * 0.5, "Value not set correctly");
679     /// }
680     /// # Ok(())
681     /// # }
682     /// ```
683     #[allow(unused_mut)]
684     pub fn axpby(
685         mut self,
686         alpha: crate::Scalar,
687         beta: crate::Scalar,
688         x: &crate::Vector,
689     ) -> crate::Result<Self> {
690         let ierr = unsafe { bind_ceed::CeedVectorAXPBY(self.ptr, alpha, beta, x.ptr) };
691         self.check_error(ierr)?;
692         Ok(self)
693     }
694 
695     /// Compute the pointwise multiplication w = x .* y for Vectors
696     ///
697     /// # arguments
698     ///
699     /// * `x` - first vector for product
700     /// * `y` - second vector for product
701     ///
702     /// ```
703     /// # use libceed::prelude::*;
704     /// # fn main() -> libceed::Result<()> {
705     /// # let ceed = libceed::Ceed::default_init();
706     /// let mut w = ceed.vector_from_slice(&[0., 1., 2., 3., 4.])?;
707     /// let x = ceed.vector_from_slice(&[0., 1., 2., 3., 4.])?;
708     /// let y = ceed.vector_from_slice(&[0., 1., 2., 3., 4.])?;
709     ///
710     /// w = w.pointwise_mult(&x, &y)?;
711     /// for (i, w) in w.view()?.iter().enumerate() {
712     ///     assert_eq!(*w, (i as Scalar).powf(2.0), "Value not set correctly");
713     /// }
714     /// # Ok(())
715     /// # }
716     /// ```
717     #[allow(unused_mut)]
718     pub fn pointwise_mult(mut self, x: &crate::Vector, y: &crate::Vector) -> crate::Result<Self> {
719         let ierr = unsafe { bind_ceed::CeedVectorPointwiseMult(self.ptr, x.ptr, y.ptr) };
720         self.check_error(ierr)?;
721         Ok(self)
722     }
723 
724     /// Compute the pointwise multiplication w = w .* x for Vectors
725     ///
726     /// # arguments
727     ///
728     /// * `x` - second vector for product
729     ///
730     /// ```
731     /// # use libceed::prelude::*;
732     /// # fn main() -> libceed::Result<()> {
733     /// # let ceed = libceed::Ceed::default_init();
734     /// let mut w = ceed.vector_from_slice(&[0., 1., 2., 3., 4.])?;
735     /// let x = ceed.vector_from_slice(&[0., 1., 2., 3., 4.])?;
736     ///
737     /// w = w.pointwise_scale(&x)?;
738     /// for (i, w) in w.view()?.iter().enumerate() {
739     ///     assert_eq!(*w, (i as Scalar).powf(2.0), "Value not set correctly");
740     /// }
741     /// # Ok(())
742     /// # }
743     /// ```
744     #[allow(unused_mut)]
745     pub fn pointwise_scale(mut self, x: &crate::Vector) -> crate::Result<Self> {
746         let ierr = unsafe { bind_ceed::CeedVectorPointwiseMult(self.ptr, self.ptr, x.ptr) };
747         self.check_error(ierr)?;
748         Ok(self)
749     }
750 
751     /// Compute the pointwise multiplication w = w .* w for a Vector
752     ///
753     /// ```
754     /// # use libceed::prelude::*;
755     /// # fn main() -> libceed::Result<()> {
756     /// # let ceed = libceed::Ceed::default_init();
757     /// let mut w = ceed.vector_from_slice(&[0., 1., 2., 3., 4.])?;
758     ///
759     /// w = w.pointwise_square()?;
760     /// for (i, w) in w.view()?.iter().enumerate() {
761     ///     assert_eq!(*w, (i as Scalar).powf(2.0), "Value not set correctly");
762     /// }
763     /// # Ok(())
764     /// # }
765     /// ```
766     #[allow(unused_mut)]
767     pub fn pointwise_square(mut self) -> crate::Result<Self> {
768         let ierr = unsafe { bind_ceed::CeedVectorPointwiseMult(self.ptr, self.ptr, self.ptr) };
769         self.check_error(ierr)?;
770         Ok(self)
771     }
772 }
773 
774 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
775 // Vector Viewer
776 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
777 /// A (host) view of a Vector with Deref to slice.  We can't make
778 /// Vector itself Deref to slice because we can't handle the drop to
779 /// call bind_ceed::CeedVectorRestoreArrayRead().
780 #[derive(Debug)]
781 pub struct VectorView<'a> {
782     vec: &'a Vector<'a>,
783     array: *const crate::Scalar,
784 }
785 
786 impl<'a> VectorView<'a> {
787     /// Construct a VectorView from a Vector reference
788     fn new(vec: &'a Vector) -> crate::Result<Self> {
789         let mut array = std::ptr::null();
790         let ierr = unsafe {
791             bind_ceed::CeedVectorGetArrayRead(
792                 vec.ptr,
793                 crate::MemType::Host as bind_ceed::CeedMemType,
794                 &mut array,
795             )
796         };
797         vec.check_error(ierr)?;
798         Ok(Self {
799             vec: vec,
800             array: array,
801         })
802     }
803 }
804 
805 // Destructor
806 impl<'a> Drop for VectorView<'a> {
807     fn drop(&mut self) {
808         unsafe {
809             bind_ceed::CeedVectorRestoreArrayRead(self.vec.ptr, &mut self.array);
810         }
811     }
812 }
813 
814 // Data access
815 impl<'a> Deref for VectorView<'a> {
816     type Target = [crate::Scalar];
817     fn deref(&self) -> &[crate::Scalar] {
818         unsafe { std::slice::from_raw_parts(self.array, self.vec.len()) }
819     }
820 }
821 
822 // Viewing
823 impl<'a> fmt::Display for VectorView<'a> {
824     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
825         write!(f, "VectorView({:?})", self.deref())
826     }
827 }
828 
829 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
830 // Vector Viewer Mutable
831 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
832 /// A mutable (host) view of a Vector with Deref to slice.
833 #[derive(Debug)]
834 pub struct VectorViewMut<'a> {
835     vec: &'a Vector<'a>,
836     array: *mut crate::Scalar,
837 }
838 
839 impl<'a> VectorViewMut<'a> {
840     /// Construct a VectorViewMut from a Vector reference
841     fn new(vec: &'a mut Vector) -> crate::Result<Self> {
842         let mut ptr = std::ptr::null_mut();
843         let ierr = unsafe {
844             bind_ceed::CeedVectorGetArray(
845                 vec.ptr,
846                 crate::MemType::Host as bind_ceed::CeedMemType,
847                 &mut ptr,
848             )
849         };
850         vec.check_error(ierr)?;
851         Ok(Self {
852             vec: vec,
853             array: ptr,
854         })
855     }
856 }
857 
858 // Destructor
859 impl<'a> Drop for VectorViewMut<'a> {
860     fn drop(&mut self) {
861         unsafe {
862             bind_ceed::CeedVectorRestoreArray(self.vec.ptr, &mut self.array);
863         }
864     }
865 }
866 
867 // Data access
868 impl<'a> Deref for VectorViewMut<'a> {
869     type Target = [crate::Scalar];
870     fn deref(&self) -> &[crate::Scalar] {
871         unsafe { std::slice::from_raw_parts(self.array, self.vec.len()) }
872     }
873 }
874 
875 // Mutable data access
876 impl<'a> DerefMut for VectorViewMut<'a> {
877     fn deref_mut(&mut self) -> &mut [crate::Scalar] {
878         unsafe { std::slice::from_raw_parts_mut(self.array, self.vec.len()) }
879     }
880 }
881 
882 // Viewing
883 impl<'a> fmt::Display for VectorViewMut<'a> {
884     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
885         write!(f, "VectorViewMut({:?})", self.deref())
886     }
887 }
888 
889 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
890