xref: /petsc/include/petscdt.h (revision 3e3eecc4a492c7b1054bab933ee9d120ef77ff90)
1 /*
2   Common tools for constructing discretizations
3 */
4 #if !defined(PETSCDT_H)
5 #define PETSCDT_H
6 
7 #include <petscsys.h>
8 
9 /*S
10   PetscQuadrature - Quadrature rule for integration.
11 
12   Level: beginner
13 
14 .seealso:  PetscQuadratureCreate(), PetscQuadratureDestroy()
15 S*/
16 typedef struct _p_PetscQuadrature *PetscQuadrature;
17 
18 /*E
19   PetscGaussLobattoLegendreCreateType - algorithm used to compute the Gauss-Lobatto-Legendre nodes and weights
20 
21   Level: intermediate
22 
23 $  PETSCGAUSSLOBATTOLEGENDRE_VIA_LINEAR_ALGEBRA - compute the nodes via linear algebra
24 $  PETSCGAUSSLOBATTOLEGENDRE_VIA_NEWTON - compute the nodes by solving a nonlinear equation with Newton's method
25 
26 E*/
27 typedef enum {PETSCGAUSSLOBATTOLEGENDRE_VIA_LINEAR_ALGEBRA,PETSCGAUSSLOBATTOLEGENDRE_VIA_NEWTON} PetscGaussLobattoLegendreCreateType;
28 
29 PETSC_EXTERN PetscErrorCode PetscQuadratureCreate(MPI_Comm, PetscQuadrature *);
30 PETSC_EXTERN PetscErrorCode PetscQuadratureDuplicate(PetscQuadrature, PetscQuadrature *);
31 PETSC_EXTERN PetscErrorCode PetscQuadratureGetOrder(PetscQuadrature, PetscInt*);
32 PETSC_EXTERN PetscErrorCode PetscQuadratureSetOrder(PetscQuadrature, PetscInt);
33 PETSC_EXTERN PetscErrorCode PetscQuadratureGetNumComponents(PetscQuadrature, PetscInt*);
34 PETSC_EXTERN PetscErrorCode PetscQuadratureSetNumComponents(PetscQuadrature, PetscInt);
35 PETSC_EXTERN PetscErrorCode PetscQuadratureGetData(PetscQuadrature, PetscInt*, PetscInt*, PetscInt*, const PetscReal *[], const PetscReal *[]);
36 PETSC_EXTERN PetscErrorCode PetscQuadratureSetData(PetscQuadrature, PetscInt, PetscInt, PetscInt, const PetscReal [], const PetscReal []);
37 PETSC_EXTERN PetscErrorCode PetscQuadratureView(PetscQuadrature, PetscViewer);
38 PETSC_EXTERN PetscErrorCode PetscQuadratureDestroy(PetscQuadrature *);
39 
40 PETSC_EXTERN PetscErrorCode PetscQuadratureExpandComposite(PetscQuadrature, PetscInt, const PetscReal[], const PetscReal[], PetscQuadrature *);
41 
42 PETSC_EXTERN PetscErrorCode PetscQuadraturePushForward(PetscQuadrature, PetscInt, const PetscReal[], const PetscReal[], const PetscReal[], PetscInt, PetscQuadrature *);
43 
44 PETSC_EXTERN PetscErrorCode PetscDTLegendreEval(PetscInt,const PetscReal*,PetscInt,const PetscInt*,PetscReal*,PetscReal*,PetscReal*);
45 PETSC_EXTERN PetscErrorCode PetscDTGaussQuadrature(PetscInt,PetscReal,PetscReal,PetscReal*,PetscReal*);
46 PETSC_EXTERN PetscErrorCode PetscDTGaussLobattoLegendreQuadrature(PetscInt,PetscGaussLobattoLegendreCreateType,PetscReal*,PetscReal*);
47 PETSC_EXTERN PetscErrorCode PetscDTReconstructPoly(PetscInt,PetscInt,const PetscReal*,PetscInt,const PetscReal*,PetscReal*);
48 PETSC_EXTERN PetscErrorCode PetscDTGaussTensorQuadrature(PetscInt,PetscInt,PetscInt,PetscReal,PetscReal,PetscQuadrature*);
49 PETSC_EXTERN PetscErrorCode PetscDTGaussJacobiQuadrature(PetscInt,PetscInt,PetscInt,PetscReal,PetscReal,PetscQuadrature*);
50 
51 PETSC_EXTERN PetscErrorCode PetscDTTanhSinhTensorQuadrature(PetscInt, PetscInt, PetscReal, PetscReal, PetscQuadrature *);
52 PETSC_EXTERN PetscErrorCode PetscDTTanhSinhIntegrate(void (*)(PetscReal, PetscReal *), PetscReal, PetscReal, PetscInt, PetscReal *);
53 PETSC_EXTERN PetscErrorCode PetscDTTanhSinhIntegrateMPFR(void (*)(PetscReal, PetscReal *), PetscReal, PetscReal, PetscInt, PetscReal *);
54 
55 PETSC_EXTERN PetscErrorCode PetscGaussLobattoLegendreIntegrate(PetscInt, PetscReal *, PetscReal *, const PetscReal *, PetscReal *);
56 PETSC_EXTERN PetscErrorCode PetscGaussLobattoLegendreElementLaplacianCreate(PetscInt, PetscReal *, PetscReal *, PetscReal ***);
57 PETSC_EXTERN PetscErrorCode PetscGaussLobattoLegendreElementLaplacianDestroy(PetscInt, PetscReal *, PetscReal *, PetscReal ***);
58 PETSC_EXTERN PetscErrorCode PetscGaussLobattoLegendreElementGradientCreate(PetscInt, PetscReal *, PetscReal *, PetscReal ***, PetscReal ***);
59 PETSC_EXTERN PetscErrorCode PetscGaussLobattoLegendreElementGradientDestroy(PetscInt, PetscReal *, PetscReal *, PetscReal ***, PetscReal ***);
60 PETSC_EXTERN PetscErrorCode PetscGaussLobattoLegendreElementAdvectionCreate(PetscInt, PetscReal *, PetscReal *, PetscReal ***);
61 PETSC_EXTERN PetscErrorCode PetscGaussLobattoLegendreElementAdvectionDestroy(PetscInt, PetscReal *, PetscReal *, PetscReal ***);
62 PETSC_EXTERN PetscErrorCode PetscGaussLobattoLegendreElementMassCreate(PetscInt, PetscReal *, PetscReal *, PetscReal ***);
63 PETSC_EXTERN PetscErrorCode PetscGaussLobattoLegendreElementMassDestroy(PetscInt, PetscReal *, PetscReal *, PetscReal ***);
64 
65 PETSC_EXTERN PetscErrorCode PetscDTAltVApply(PetscInt, PetscInt, const PetscReal *, const PetscReal *, PetscReal *);
66 PETSC_EXTERN PetscErrorCode PetscDTAltVWedge(PetscInt, PetscInt, PetscInt, const PetscReal *, const PetscReal *, PetscReal *);
67 PETSC_EXTERN PetscErrorCode PetscDTAltVWedgeMatrix(PetscInt, PetscInt, PetscInt, const PetscReal *, PetscReal *);
68 PETSC_EXTERN PetscErrorCode PetscDTAltVPullback(PetscInt, PetscInt, const PetscReal *, PetscInt, const PetscReal *, PetscReal *);
69 PETSC_EXTERN PetscErrorCode PetscDTAltVPullbackMatrix(PetscInt, PetscInt, const PetscReal *, PetscInt, PetscReal *);
70 PETSC_EXTERN PetscErrorCode PetscDTAltVInterior(PetscInt, PetscInt, const PetscReal *, const PetscReal *, PetscReal *);
71 PETSC_EXTERN PetscErrorCode PetscDTAltVInteriorMatrix(PetscInt, PetscInt, const PetscReal *, PetscReal *);
72 PETSC_EXTERN PetscErrorCode PetscDTAltVInteriorPattern(PetscInt, PetscInt, PetscInt (*)[3]);
73 PETSC_EXTERN PetscErrorCode PetscDTAltVStar(PetscInt, PetscInt, PetscInt, const PetscReal *, PetscReal *);
74 
75 #if defined(PETSC_USE_64BIT_INDICES)
76 #define PETSC_FACTORIAL_MAX 20
77 #define PETSC_BINOMIAL_MAX  61
78 #else
79 #define PETSC_FACTORIAL_MAX 12
80 #define PETSC_BINOMIAL_MAX  29
81 #endif
82 
83 /*MC
84    PetscDTFactorial - Approximate n! as a real number
85 
86    Input Arguments:
87 .  n - a non-negative integer
88 
89    Output Arguments:
90 .  factorial - n!
91 
92    Level: beginner
93 M*/
94 PETSC_STATIC_INLINE PetscErrorCode PetscDTFactorial(PetscInt n, PetscReal *factorial)
95 {
96   PetscReal f = 1.0;
97   PetscInt  i;
98 
99   PetscFunctionBegin;
100   *factorial = -1.;
101   if (n < 0) SETERRQ1(PETSC_COMM_SELF, PETSC_ERR_ARG_OUTOFRANGE, "Factorial called with negative number %D\n", n);
102   for (i = 1; i < n+1; ++i) f *= i;
103   *factorial = f;
104   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
105 }
106 
107 /*MC
108    PetscDTFactorialInt - Compute n! as an integer
109 
110    Input Arguments:
111 .  n - a non-negative integer
112 
113    Output Arguments:
114 .  factorial - n!
115 
116    Level: beginner
117 
118    Note: this is limited to n such that n! can be represented by PetscInt, which is 12 if PetscInt is a signed 32-bit integer and 20 if PetscInt is a signed 64-bit integer.
119 M*/
120 PETSC_STATIC_INLINE PetscErrorCode PetscDTFactorialInt(PetscInt n, PetscInt *factorial)
121 {
122   PetscInt facLookup[13] = {1, 1, 2, 6, 24, 120, 720, 5040, 40320, 362880, 3628800, 39916800, 479001600};
123 
124   PetscFunctionBegin;
125   *factorial = -1;
126   if (n < 0 || n > PETSC_FACTORIAL_MAX) SETERRQ2(PETSC_COMM_SELF,PETSC_ERR_ARG_OUTOFRANGE,"Number of elements %D is not in supported range [0,%D]\n",n,PETSC_FACTORIAL_MAX);
127   if (n <= 12) {
128     *factorial = facLookup[n];
129   } else {
130     PetscInt f = facLookup[12];
131     PetscInt i;
132 
133     for (i = 13; i < n+1; ++i) f *= i;
134     *factorial = f;
135   }
136   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
137 }
138 
139 /*MC
140    PetscDTBinomial - Approximate the binomial coefficient "n choose k"
141 
142    Input Arguments:
143 +  n - a non-negative integer
144 -  k - an integer between 0 and n, inclusive
145 
146    Output Arguments:
147 .  binomial - approximation of the binomial coefficient n choose k
148 
149    Level: beginner
150 M*/
151 PETSC_STATIC_INLINE PetscErrorCode PetscDTBinomial(PetscInt n, PetscInt k, PetscReal *binomial)
152 {
153   PetscFunctionBeginHot;
154   if (n < 0 || k < 0 || k > n) SETERRQ2(PETSC_COMM_SELF, PETSC_ERR_ARG_OUTOFRANGE, "Binomial arguments (%D %D) must be non-negative, k <= n\n", n, k);
155   if (n <= 3) {
156     PetscInt binomLookup[4][4] = {{1, 0, 0, 0}, {1, 1, 0, 0}, {1, 2, 1, 0}, {1, 3, 3, 1}};
157 
158     *binomial = binomLookup[n][k];
159   } else {
160     PetscReal binom = 1.;
161     PetscInt  i;
162 
163     k = PetscMin(k, n - k);
164     for (i = 0; i < k; i++) binom = (binom * (n - i)) / (i + 1);
165     *binomial = binom;
166   }
167   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
168 }
169 
170 /*MC
171    PetscDTBinomialInt - Compute the binomial coefficient "n choose k"
172 
173    Input Arguments:
174 +  n - a non-negative integer
175 -  k - an integer between 0 and n, inclusive
176 
177    Output Arguments:
178 .  binomial - the binomial coefficient n choose k
179 
180    Note: this is limited by integers that can be represented by PetscInt
181 
182    Level: beginner
183 M*/
184 PETSC_STATIC_INLINE PetscErrorCode PetscDTBinomialInt(PetscInt n, PetscInt k, PetscInt *binomial)
185 {
186   PetscInt bin;
187 
188   PetscFunctionBegin;
189   *binomial = -1;
190   if (n < 0 || k < 0 || k > n) SETERRQ2(PETSC_COMM_SELF, PETSC_ERR_ARG_OUTOFRANGE, "Binomial arguments (%D %D) must be non-negative, k <= n\n", n, k);
191   if (n > PETSC_BINOMIAL_MAX) SETERRQ2(PETSC_COMM_SELF, PETSC_ERR_ARG_OUTOFRANGE, "Binomial elements %D is larger than max for PetscInt, %D\n", n, PETSC_BINOMIAL_MAX);
192   if (n <= 3) {
193     PetscInt binomLookup[4][4] = {{1, 0, 0, 0}, {1, 1, 0, 0}, {1, 2, 1, 0}, {1, 3, 3, 1}};
194 
195     bin = binomLookup[n][k];
196   } else {
197     PetscInt  binom = 1;
198     PetscInt  i;
199 
200     k = PetscMin(k, n - k);
201     for (i = 0; i < k; i++) binom = (binom * (n - i)) / (i + 1);
202     bin = binom;
203   }
204   *binomial = bin;
205   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
206 }
207 
208 /*MC
209    PetscDTEnumPerm - Get a permutation of n integers from its encoding into the integers [0, n!) as a sequence of swaps.
210 
211    A permutation can be described by the operations that convert the lists [0, 1, ..., n-1] into the permutation,
212    by a sequence of swaps, where the ith step swaps whatever number is in ith position with a number that is in
213    some position j >= i.  This swap is encoded as the difference (j - i).  The difference d_i at step i is less than
214    (n - i).  This sequence of n-1 differences [d_0, ..., d_{n-2}] is encoded as the number
215    (n-1)! * d_0 + (n-2)! * d_1 + ... + 1! * d_{n-2}.
216 
217    Input Arguments:
218 +  n - a non-negative integer (see note about limits below)
219 -  k - an integer in [0, n!)
220 
221    Output Arguments:
222 +  perm - the permuted list of the integers [0, ..., n-1]
223 -  isOdd - if not NULL, returns wether the permutation used an even or odd number of swaps.
224 
225    Note: this is limited to n such that n! can be represented by PetscInt, which is 12 if PetscInt is a signed 32-bit integer and 20 if PetscInt is a signed 64-bit integer.
226 
227    Level: beginner
228 M*/
229 PETSC_STATIC_INLINE PetscErrorCode PetscDTEnumPerm(PetscInt n, PetscInt k, PetscInt *perm, PetscBool *isOdd)
230 {
231   PetscInt  odd = 0;
232   PetscInt  i;
233   PetscInt  work[PETSC_FACTORIAL_MAX];
234   PetscInt *w;
235 
236   PetscFunctionBegin;
237   if (isOdd) *isOdd = PETSC_FALSE;
238   if (n < 0 || n > PETSC_FACTORIAL_MAX) SETERRQ2(PETSC_COMM_SELF,PETSC_ERR_ARG_OUTOFRANGE,"Number of elements %D is not in supported range [0,%D]\n",n,PETSC_FACTORIAL_MAX);
239   w = &work[n - 2];
240   for (i = 2; i <= n; i++) {
241     *(w--) = k % i;
242     k /= i;
243   }
244   for (i = 0; i < n; i++) perm[i] = i;
245   for (i = 0; i < n - 1; i++) {
246     PetscInt s = work[i];
247     PetscInt swap = perm[i];
248 
249     perm[i] = perm[i + s];
250     perm[i + s] = swap;
251     odd ^= (!!s);
252   }
253   if (isOdd) *isOdd = odd ? PETSC_TRUE : PETSC_FALSE;
254   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
255 }
256 
257 /*MC
258    PetscDTPermIndex - Encode a permutation of n into an integer in [0, n!).  This inverts PetscDTEnumPerm.
259 
260    Input Arguments:
261 +  n - a non-negative integer (see note about limits below)
262 -  perm - the permuted list of the integers [0, ..., n-1]
263 
264    Output Arguments:
265 +  k - an integer in [0, n!)
266 .  isOdd - if not NULL, returns wether the permutation used an even or odd number of swaps.
267 
268    Note: this is limited to n such that n! can be represented by PetscInt, which is 12 if PetscInt is a signed 32-bit integer and 20 if PetscInt is a signed 64-bit integer.
269 
270    Level: beginner
271 M*/
272 PETSC_STATIC_INLINE PetscErrorCode PetscDTPermIndex(PetscInt n, const PetscInt *perm, PetscInt *k, PetscBool *isOdd)
273 {
274   PetscInt  odd = 0;
275   PetscInt  i, idx;
276   PetscInt  work[PETSC_FACTORIAL_MAX];
277   PetscInt  iwork[PETSC_FACTORIAL_MAX];
278 
279   PetscFunctionBeginHot;
280   *k = -1;
281   if (isOdd) *isOdd = PETSC_FALSE;
282   if (n < 0 || n > PETSC_FACTORIAL_MAX) SETERRQ2(PETSC_COMM_SELF,PETSC_ERR_ARG_OUTOFRANGE,"Number of elements %D is not in supported range [0,%D]\n",n,PETSC_FACTORIAL_MAX);
283   for (i = 0; i < n; i++) work[i] = i;  /* partial permutation */
284   for (i = 0; i < n; i++) iwork[i] = i; /* partial permutation inverse */
285   for (idx = 0, i = 0; i < n - 1; i++) {
286     PetscInt j = perm[i];
287     PetscInt icur = work[i];
288     PetscInt jloc = iwork[j];
289     PetscInt diff = jloc - i;
290 
291     idx = idx * (n - i) + diff;
292     /* swap (i, jloc) */
293     work[i] = j;
294     work[jloc] = icur;
295     iwork[j] = i;
296     iwork[icur] = jloc;
297     odd ^= (!!diff);
298   }
299   *k = idx;
300   if (isOdd) *isOdd = odd ? PETSC_TRUE : PETSC_FALSE;
301   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
302 }
303 
304 /*MC
305    PetscDTEnumSubset - Get an ordered subset of the integers [0, ..., n - 1] from its encoding as an integers in [0, n choose k).
306    The encoding is in lexicographic order.
307 
308    Input Arguments:
309 +  n - a non-negative integer (see note about limits below)
310 .  k - an integer in [0, n]
311 -  j - an index in [0, n choose k)
312 
313    Output Arguments:
314 .  subset - the jth subset of size k of the integers [0, ..., n - 1]
315 
316    Note: this is limited by arguments such that n choose k can be represented by PetscInt
317 
318    Level: beginner
319 
320 .seealso: PetscDTSubsetIndex()
321 M*/
322 PETSC_STATIC_INLINE PetscErrorCode PetscDTEnumSubset(PetscInt n, PetscInt k, PetscInt j, PetscInt *subset)
323 {
324   PetscInt       Nk, i, l;
325   PetscErrorCode ierr;
326 
327   PetscFunctionBeginHot;
328   ierr = PetscDTBinomialInt(n, k, &Nk);CHKERRQ(ierr);
329   for (i = 0, l = 0; i < n && l < k; i++) {
330     PetscInt Nminuskminus = (Nk * (k - l)) / (n - i);
331     PetscInt Nminusk = Nk - Nminuskminus;
332 
333     if (j < Nminuskminus) {
334       subset[l++] = i;
335       Nk = Nminuskminus;
336     } else {
337       j -= Nminuskminus;
338       Nk = Nminusk;
339     }
340   }
341   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
342 }
343 
344 /*MC
345    PetscDTSubsetIndex - Convert an ordered subset of k integers from the set [0, ..., n - 1] to its encoding as an integers in [0, n choose k) in lexicographic order.  This is the inverse of PetscDTEnumSubset.
346 
347    Input Arguments:
348 +  n - a non-negative integer (see note about limits below)
349 .  k - an integer in [0, n]
350 -  subset - an ordered subset of the integers [0, ..., n - 1]
351 
352    Output Arguments:
353 .  index - the rank of the subset in lexicographic order
354 
355    Note: this is limited by arguments such that n choose k can be represented by PetscInt
356 
357    Level: beginner
358 
359 .seealso: PetscDTEnumSubset()
360 M*/
361 PETSC_STATIC_INLINE PetscErrorCode PetscDTSubsetIndex(PetscInt n, PetscInt k, const PetscInt *subset, PetscInt *index)
362 {
363   PetscInt       i, j = 0, l, Nk;
364   PetscErrorCode ierr;
365 
366   PetscFunctionBegin;
367   *index = -1;
368   ierr = PetscDTBinomialInt(n, k, &Nk);CHKERRQ(ierr);
369   for (i = 0, l = 0; i < n && l < k; i++) {
370     PetscInt Nminuskminus = (Nk * (k - l)) / (n - i);
371     PetscInt Nminusk = Nk - Nminuskminus;
372 
373     if (subset[l] == i) {
374       l++;
375       Nk = Nminuskminus;
376     } else {
377       j += Nminuskminus;
378       Nk = Nminusk;
379     }
380   }
381   *index = j;
382   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
383 }
384 
385 /*MC
386    PetscDTEnumSubset - Split the integers [0, ..., n - 1] into two complementary ordered subsets, the first subset of size k and being the jth subset of that size in lexicographic order.
387 
388    Input Arguments:
389 +  n - a non-negative integer (see note about limits below)
390 .  k - an integer in [0, n]
391 -  j - an index in [0, n choose k)
392 
393    Output Arguments:
394 +  perm - the jth subset of size k of the integers [0, ..., n - 1], followed by its complementary set.
395 -  isOdd - if not NULL, return whether perm is an even or odd permutation.
396 
397    Note: this is limited by arguments such that n choose k can be represented by PetscInt
398 
399    Level: beginner
400 
401 .seealso: PetscDTEnumSubset(), PetscDTSubsetIndex()
402 M*/
403 PETSC_STATIC_INLINE PetscErrorCode PetscDTEnumSplit(PetscInt n, PetscInt k, PetscInt j, PetscInt *perm, PetscBool *isOdd)
404 {
405   PetscInt       i, l, m, *subcomp, Nk;
406   PetscInt       odd;
407   PetscErrorCode ierr;
408 
409   PetscFunctionBegin;
410   if (isOdd) *isOdd = PETSC_FALSE;
411   ierr = PetscDTBinomialInt(n, k, &Nk);CHKERRQ(ierr);
412   odd = 0;
413   subcomp = &perm[k];
414   for (i = 0, l = 0, m = 0; i < n && l < k; i++) {
415     PetscInt Nminuskminus = (Nk * (k - l)) / (n - i);
416     PetscInt Nminusk = Nk - Nminuskminus;
417 
418     if (j < Nminuskminus) {
419       perm[l++] = i;
420       Nk = Nminuskminus;
421     } else {
422       subcomp[m++] = i;
423       j -= Nminuskminus;
424       odd ^= ((k - l) & 1);
425       Nk = Nminusk;
426     }
427   }
428   for (; i < n; i++) {
429     subcomp[m++] = i;
430   }
431   if (isOdd) *isOdd = odd ? PETSC_TRUE : PETSC_FALSE;
432   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
433 }
434 
435 #endif
436