xref: /petsc/include/petscsystypes.h (revision 79329b78a0a78fcd57733e7fa9724ece5ee4cbb6)
1 /* Portions of this code are under:
2    Copyright (c) 2022 Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. All rights reserved.
3 */
4 
5 #pragma once
6 
7 #include <petscconf.h>
8 #include <petscconf_poison.h>
9 #include <petscfix.h>
10 #include <petscmacros.h> // PETSC_NODISCARD, PETSC_CPP_VERSION
11 #include <stddef.h>
12 #include <stdbool.h>
13 
14 /* SUBMANSEC = Sys */
15 
16 #include <limits.h> // INT_MIN, INT_MAX, CHAR_BIT
17 
18 #if defined(__clang__) || (PETSC_CPP_VERSION >= 17)
19   // clang allows both [[nodiscard]] and __attribute__((warn_unused_result)) on type
20   // definitions. GCC, however, does not, so check that we are using C++17 [[nodiscard]]
21   // instead of __attribute__((warn_unused_result))
22   #define PETSC_ERROR_CODE_NODISCARD PETSC_NODISCARD
23 #else
24   #define PETSC_ERROR_CODE_NODISCARD
25 #endif
26 
27 #ifdef PETSC_CLANG_STATIC_ANALYZER
28   #undef PETSC_USE_STRICT_PETSCERRORCODE
29 #endif
30 
31 #ifdef PETSC_USE_STRICT_PETSCERRORCODE
32   #define PETSC_ERROR_CODE_TYPEDEF   typedef
33   #define PETSC_ERROR_CODE_ENUM_NAME PetscErrorCode
34 #else
35   #define PETSC_ERROR_CODE_TYPEDEF
36   #define PETSC_ERROR_CODE_ENUM_NAME
37 #endif
38 
39 /*E
40   PetscErrorCode - Datatype used to return PETSc error codes.
41 
42   Level: beginner
43 
44   Notes:
45   Virtually all PETSc functions return an error code. It is the callers responsibility to check
46   the value of the returned error code after each PETSc call to determine if any errors
47   occurred. A set of convenience macros (e.g. `PetscCall()`, `PetscCallVoid()`) are provided
48   for this purpose. Failing to properly check for errors is not supported, as errors may leave
49   PETSc in an undetermined state.
50 
51   One can retrieve the error string corresponding to a particular error code using
52   `PetscErrorMessage()`.
53 
54   The user can also configure PETSc with the `--with-strict-petscerrorcode` option to enable
55   compiler warnings when the returned error codes are not captured and checked. Users are
56   *heavily* encouraged to opt-in to this option, as it will become enabled by default in a
57   future release.
58 
59   Developer Notes:
60   These are the generic error codes. These error codes are used in many different places in the
61   PETSc source code. The C-string versions are at defined in `PetscErrorStrings[]` in
62   `src/sys/error/err.c`, while the Fortran versions are defined in
63   `src/sys/ftn-mod/petscerror.h`. Any changes here must also be made in both locations.
64 
65 .seealso: `PetscErrorMessage()`, `PetscCall()`, `SETERRQ()`
66 E*/
67 PETSC_ERROR_CODE_TYPEDEF enum PETSC_ERROR_CODE_NODISCARD {
68   PETSC_SUCCESS                   = 0,
69   PETSC_ERR_BOOLEAN_MACRO_FAILURE = 1, /* do not use */
70 
71   PETSC_ERR_MIN_VALUE = 54, /* should always be one less than the smallest value */
72 
73   PETSC_ERR_MEM            = 55, /* unable to allocate requested memory */
74   PETSC_ERR_SUP            = 56, /* no support for requested operation */
75   PETSC_ERR_SUP_SYS        = 57, /* no support for requested operation on this computer system */
76   PETSC_ERR_ORDER          = 58, /* operation done in wrong order */
77   PETSC_ERR_SIG            = 59, /* signal received */
78   PETSC_ERR_FP             = 72, /* floating point exception */
79   PETSC_ERR_COR            = 74, /* corrupted PETSc object */
80   PETSC_ERR_LIB            = 76, /* error in library called by PETSc */
81   PETSC_ERR_PLIB           = 77, /* PETSc library generated inconsistent data */
82   PETSC_ERR_MEMC           = 78, /* memory corruption */
83   PETSC_ERR_CONV_FAILED    = 82, /* iterative method (KSP or SNES) failed */
84   PETSC_ERR_USER           = 83, /* user has not provided needed function */
85   PETSC_ERR_SYS            = 88, /* error in system call */
86   PETSC_ERR_POINTER        = 70, /* pointer does not point to valid address */
87   PETSC_ERR_MPI_LIB_INCOMP = 87, /* MPI library at runtime is not compatible with MPI user compiled with */
88 
89   PETSC_ERR_ARG_SIZ          = 60, /* nonconforming object sizes used in operation */
90   PETSC_ERR_ARG_IDN          = 61, /* two arguments not allowed to be the same */
91   PETSC_ERR_ARG_WRONG        = 62, /* wrong argument (but object probably ok) */
92   PETSC_ERR_ARG_CORRUPT      = 64, /* null or corrupted PETSc object as argument */
93   PETSC_ERR_ARG_OUTOFRANGE   = 63, /* input argument, out of range */
94   PETSC_ERR_ARG_BADPTR       = 68, /* invalid pointer argument */
95   PETSC_ERR_ARG_NOTSAMETYPE  = 69, /* two args must be same object type */
96   PETSC_ERR_ARG_NOTSAMECOMM  = 80, /* two args must be same communicators */
97   PETSC_ERR_ARG_WRONGSTATE   = 73, /* object in argument is in wrong state, e.g. unassembled mat */
98   PETSC_ERR_ARG_TYPENOTSET   = 89, /* the type of the object has not yet been set */
99   PETSC_ERR_ARG_INCOMP       = 75, /* two arguments are incompatible */
100   PETSC_ERR_ARG_NULL         = 85, /* argument is null that should not be */
101   PETSC_ERR_ARG_UNKNOWN_TYPE = 86, /* type name doesn't match any registered type */
102 
103   PETSC_ERR_FILE_OPEN       = 65, /* unable to open file */
104   PETSC_ERR_FILE_READ       = 66, /* unable to read from file */
105   PETSC_ERR_FILE_WRITE      = 67, /* unable to write to file */
106   PETSC_ERR_FILE_UNEXPECTED = 79, /* unexpected data in file */
107 
108   PETSC_ERR_MAT_LU_ZRPVT = 71, /* detected a zero pivot during LU factorization */
109   PETSC_ERR_MAT_CH_ZRPVT = 81, /* detected a zero pivot during Cholesky factorization */
110 
111   PETSC_ERR_INT_OVERFLOW   = 84,
112   PETSC_ERR_FLOP_COUNT     = 90,
113   PETSC_ERR_NOT_CONVERGED  = 91,  /* solver did not converge */
114   PETSC_ERR_MISSING_FACTOR = 92,  /* MatGetFactor() failed */
115   PETSC_ERR_OPT_OVERWRITE  = 93,  /* attempted to over write options which should not be changed */
116   PETSC_ERR_WRONG_MPI_SIZE = 94,  /* example/application run with number of MPI ranks it does not support */
117   PETSC_ERR_USER_INPUT     = 95,  /* missing or incorrect user input */
118   PETSC_ERR_GPU_RESOURCE   = 96,  /* unable to load a GPU resource, for example cuBLAS */
119   PETSC_ERR_GPU            = 97,  /* An error from a GPU call, this may be due to lack of resources on the GPU or a true error in the call */
120   PETSC_ERR_MPI            = 98,  /* general MPI error */
121   PETSC_ERR_RETURN         = 99,  /* PetscError() incorrectly returned an error code of 0 */
122   PETSC_ERR_MEM_LEAK       = 100, /* memory alloc/free imbalance */
123   PETSC_ERR_PYTHON         = 101, /* Exception in Python */
124   PETSC_ERR_MAX_VALUE      = 102, /* this is always the one more than the largest error code */
125 
126   /*
127     do not use, exist purely to make the enum bounds equal that of a regular int (so conversion
128     to int in main() is not undefined behavior)
129   */
130   PETSC_ERR_MIN_SIGNED_BOUND_DO_NOT_USE = INT_MIN,
131   PETSC_ERR_MAX_SIGNED_BOUND_DO_NOT_USE = INT_MAX
132 } PETSC_ERROR_CODE_ENUM_NAME;
133 
134 #ifndef PETSC_USE_STRICT_PETSCERRORCODE
135 typedef int PetscErrorCode;
136 
137   /*
138   Needed so that C++ lambdas can deduce the return type as PetscErrorCode from
139   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS). Otherwise we get
140 
141   error: return type '(unnamed enum at include/petscsystypes.h:50:1)' must match previous
142   return type 'int' when lambda expression has unspecified explicit return type
143   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
144   ^
145 */
146   #define PETSC_SUCCESS ((PetscErrorCode)0)
147 #endif
148 
149 #undef PETSC_ERROR_CODE_NODISCARD
150 #undef PETSC_ERROR_CODE_TYPEDEF
151 #undef PETSC_ERROR_CODE_ENUM_NAME
152 
153 /*MC
154     PetscClassId - A unique id used to identify each PETSc class.
155 
156     Level: developer
157 
158     Note:
159     Use `PetscClassIdRegister()` to obtain a new value for a new class being created. Usually
160     XXXInitializePackage() calls it for each class it defines.
161 
162     Developer Note:
163     Internal integer stored in the `_p_PetscObject` data structure. These are all computed by an offset from the lowest one, `PETSC_SMALLEST_CLASSID`.
164 
165 .seealso: `PetscClassIdRegister()`, `PetscLogEventRegister()`, `PetscHeaderCreate()`
166 M*/
167 typedef int PetscClassId;
168 
169 /*MC
170     PetscMPIInt - datatype used to represent 'int' parameters to MPI functions.
171 
172     Level: intermediate
173 
174     Notes:
175     This is always a 32-bit integer, sometimes it is the same as `PetscInt`, but if PETSc was built with `--with-64-bit-indices` but
176     standard C/Fortran integers are 32-bit then this is NOT the same as `PetscInt`; it remains 32-bit.
177 
178     `PetscMPIIntCast`(a,&b) checks if the given `PetscInt` a will fit in a `PetscMPIInt`, if not it
179     generates a `PETSC_ERR_ARG_OUTOFRANGE` error.
180 
181 .seealso: [](stylePetscCount), `PetscBLASInt`, `PetscInt`, `PetscMPIIntCast()`
182 M*/
183 typedef int PetscMPIInt;
184 
185 /* Limit MPI to 32-bits */
186 enum {
187   PETSC_MPI_INT_MIN = INT_MIN,
188   PETSC_MPI_INT_MAX = INT_MAX
189 };
190 
191 /*MC
192     PetscSizeT - datatype used to represent sizes in memory (like `size_t`)
193 
194     Level: intermediate
195 
196     Notes:
197     This is equivalent to `size_t`, but defined for consistency with Fortran, which lacks a native equivalent of `size_t`.
198 
199 .seealso: `PetscInt`, `PetscInt64`, `PetscCount`
200 M*/
201 typedef size_t PetscSizeT;
202 
203 /*MC
204     PetscCount - signed datatype used to represent counts
205 
206     Level: intermediate
207 
208     Notes:
209     This is equivalent to `ptrdiff_t`, but defined for consistency with Fortran, which lacks a native equivalent of `ptrdiff_t`.
210 
211     Use `PetscCount_FMT` to format with `PetscPrintf()`, `printf()`, and related functions.
212 
213 .seealso: [](stylePetscCount), `PetscInt`, `PetscInt64`, `PetscSizeT`
214 M*/
215 typedef ptrdiff_t PetscCount;
216 #define PetscCount_FMT "td"
217 
218 /*MC
219     PetscEnum - datatype used to pass enum types within PETSc functions.
220 
221     Level: intermediate
222 
223 .seealso: `PetscOptionsGetEnum()`, `PetscOptionsEnum()`, `PetscBagRegisterEnum()`
224 M*/
225 typedef enum {
226   ENUM_DUMMY
227 } PetscEnum;
228 
229 typedef short PetscShort;
230 typedef float PetscFloat;
231 
232 /*MC
233   PetscInt - PETSc type that represents an integer, used primarily to
234              represent size of arrays and indexing into arrays. Its size can be configured with the option `--with-64-bit-indices` to be either 32-bit (default) or 64-bit.
235 
236   Level: beginner
237 
238   Notes:
239   For MPI calls that require datatypes, use `MPIU_INT` as the datatype for `PetscInt`. It will automatically work correctly regardless of the size of `PetscInt`.
240 
241 .seealso: `PetscBLASInt`, `PetscMPIInt`, `PetscReal`, `PetscScalar`, `PetscComplex`, `PetscInt`, `MPIU_REAL`, `MPIU_SCALAR`, `MPIU_COMPLEX`, `MPIU_INT`, `PetscIntCast()`
242 M*/
243 
244 #if defined(PETSC_HAVE_STDINT_H)
245   #include <stdint.h>
246 #endif
247 #if defined(PETSC_HAVE_INTTYPES_H)
248   #if !defined(__STDC_FORMAT_MACROS)
249     #define __STDC_FORMAT_MACROS /* required for using PRId64 from c++ */
250   #endif
251   #include <inttypes.h>
252   #if !defined(PRId64)
253     #define PRId64 "ld"
254   #endif
255 #endif
256 
257 #if defined(PETSC_HAVE_STDINT_H) && defined(PETSC_HAVE_INTTYPES_H) && (defined(PETSC_HAVE_MPIUNI) || defined(PETSC_HAVE_MPI_INT64_T)) /* MPI_INT64_T is not guaranteed to be a macro */
258 typedef int64_t PetscInt64;
259 
260   #define PETSC_INT64_MIN INT64_MIN
261   #define PETSC_INT64_MAX INT64_MAX
262 
263 #elif (PETSC_SIZEOF_LONG_LONG == 8)
264 typedef long long PetscInt64;
265 
266   #define PETSC_INT64_MIN LLONG_MIN
267   #define PETSC_INT64_MAX LLONG_MAX
268 
269 #elif defined(PETSC_HAVE___INT64)
270 typedef __int64 PetscInt64;
271 
272   #define PETSC_INT64_MIN INT64_MIN
273   #define PETSC_INT64_MAX INT64_MAX
274 
275 #else
276   #error "cannot determine PetscInt64 type"
277 #endif
278 
279 #if PETSC_SIZEOF_SIZE_T == 4
280   #define PETSC_COUNT_MIN INT_MIN
281   #define PETSC_COUNT_MAX INT_MAX
282 #else
283   #define PETSC_COUNT_MIN PETSC_INT64_MIN
284   #define PETSC_COUNT_MAX PETSC_INT64_MAX
285 #endif
286 
287 typedef int32_t PetscInt32;
288 #define PETSC_INT32_MIN INT32_MIN
289 #define PETSC_INT32_MAX INT32_MAX
290 
291 #if defined(PETSC_USE_64BIT_INDICES)
292 typedef PetscInt64 PetscInt;
293 
294   #define PETSC_INT_MIN PETSC_INT64_MIN
295   #define PETSC_INT_MAX PETSC_INT64_MAX
296   #define PetscInt_FMT  PetscInt64_FMT
297 #else
298 typedef int PetscInt;
299 
300 enum {
301   PETSC_INT_MIN = INT_MIN,
302   PETSC_INT_MAX = INT_MAX
303 };
304   #define PetscInt_FMT "d"
305 #endif
306 
307 #define PETSC_UINT16_MAX 65535
308 
309 /* deprecated */
310 #define PETSC_MIN_INT    PETSC_INT_MIN
311 #define PETSC_MAX_INT    PETSC_INT_MAX
312 #define PETSC_MAX_UINT16 PETSC_UINT16_MAX
313 
314 #if defined(PETSC_HAVE_STDINT_H) && defined(PETSC_HAVE_INTTYPES_H) && (defined(PETSC_HAVE_MPIUNI) || defined(PETSC_HAVE_MPI_INT64_T)) /* MPI_INT64_T is not guaranteed to be a macro */
315   #define MPIU_INT64     MPI_INT64_T
316   #define PetscInt64_FMT PRId64
317 #elif (PETSC_SIZEOF_LONG_LONG == 8)
318   #define MPIU_INT64     MPI_LONG_LONG_INT
319   #define PetscInt64_FMT "lld"
320 #elif defined(PETSC_HAVE___INT64)
321   #define MPIU_INT64     MPI_INT64_T
322   #define PetscInt64_FMT "ld"
323 #else
324   #error "cannot determine PetscInt64 type"
325 #endif
326 
327 #define MPIU_INT32     MPI_INT32_T
328 #define PetscInt32_FMT PRId32
329 
330 /*MC
331    PetscBLASInt - datatype used to represent 'int' parameters to BLAS/LAPACK functions.
332 
333    Level: intermediate
334 
335    Notes:
336    Usually this is the same as `PetscInt`, but if PETSc was built with `--with-64-bit-indices` but
337    standard C/Fortran integers are 32-bit then this may not be the same as `PetscInt`,
338    except on some BLAS/LAPACK implementations that support 64-bit integers see the notes below.
339 
340    `PetscErrorCode` `PetscBLASIntCast`(a,&b) checks if the given `PetscInt` a will fit in a `PetscBLASInt`, if not it
341     generates a `PETSC_ERR_ARG_OUTOFRANGE` error
342 
343    Installation Notes\:
344    ./configure automatically determines the size of the integers used by BLAS/LAPACK except when `--with-batch` is used
345    in that situation one must know (by some other means) if the integers used by BLAS/LAPACK are 64-bit and if so pass the flag `--known-64-bit-blas-indices`
346 
347    MATLAB ships with BLAS and LAPACK that use 64-bit integers, for example if you run ./configure with, the option
348     `--with-blaslapack-lib`=[/Applications/MATLAB_R2010b.app/bin/maci64/libmwblas.dylib,/Applications/MATLAB_R2010b.app/bin/maci64/libmwlapack.dylib]
349 
350    MKL ships with both 32 and 64-bit integer versions of the BLAS and LAPACK. If you pass the flag `-with-64-bit-blas-indices` PETSc will link
351    against the 64-bit version, otherwise it uses the 32-bit version
352 
353    OpenBLAS can be built to use 64-bit integers. The ./configure options `--download-openblas` `-with-64-bit-blas-indices` will build a 64-bit integer version
354 
355    External packages such as hypre, ML, SuperLU etc do not provide any support for passing 64-bit integers to BLAS/LAPACK so cannot
356    be used with PETSc when PETSc links against 64-bit integer BLAS/LAPACK. ./configure will generate an error if you attempt to link PETSc against any of
357    these external libraries while using 64-bit integer BLAS/LAPACK.
358 
359 .seealso: `PetscMPIInt`, `PetscInt`, `PetscBLASIntCast()`
360 M*/
361 #if defined(PETSC_HAVE_64BIT_BLAS_INDICES)
362 typedef PetscInt64 PetscBLASInt;
363 
364   #define PETSC_BLAS_INT_MIN PETSC_INT64_MIN
365   #define PETSC_BLAS_INT_MAX PETSC_INT64_MAX
366   #define PetscBLASInt_FMT   PetscInt64_FMT
367 #else
368 typedef int PetscBLASInt;
369 
370 enum {
371   PETSC_BLAS_INT_MIN = INT_MIN,
372   PETSC_BLAS_INT_MAX = INT_MAX
373 };
374 
375   #define PetscBLASInt_FMT "d"
376 #endif
377 
378 /*MC
379    PetscCuBLASInt - datatype used to represent 'int' parameters to cuBLAS/cuSOLVER functions.
380 
381    Level: intermediate
382 
383    Notes:
384    As of this writing `PetscCuBLASInt` is always the system `int`.
385 
386   `PetscErrorCode` `PetscCuBLASIntCast`(a,&b) checks if the given `PetscInt` a will fit in a `PetscCuBLASInt`, if not it
387    generates a `PETSC_ERR_ARG_OUTOFRANGE` error
388 
389 .seealso: `PetscBLASInt`, `PetscMPIInt`, `PetscInt`, `PetscCuBLASIntCast()`
390 M*/
391 typedef int PetscCuBLASInt;
392 
393 enum {
394   PETSC_CUBLAS_INT_MIN = INT_MIN,
395   PETSC_CUBLAS_INT_MAX = INT_MAX
396 };
397 
398 /*MC
399    PetscHipBLASInt - datatype used to represent 'int' parameters to hipBLAS/hipSOLVER functions.
400 
401    Level: intermediate
402 
403    Notes:
404    `PetscHipBLASInt` is always the system `int`.
405 
406    `PetscErrorCode` `PetscHipBLASIntCast`(a,&b) checks if the given `PetscInt` a will fit in a `PetscHipBLASInt`, if not it
407    generates a `PETSC_ERR_ARG_OUTOFRANGE` error
408 
409 .seealso: `PetscBLASInt`, `PetscMPIInt`, `PetscInt`, `PetscHipBLASIntCast()`
410 M*/
411 typedef int PetscHipBLASInt;
412 
413 enum {
414   PETSC_HIPBLAS_INT_MIN = INT_MIN,
415   PETSC_HIPBLAS_INT_MAX = INT_MAX
416 };
417 
418 /*MC
419    PetscExodusIIInt - datatype used to represent 'int' parameters to ExodusII functions.
420 
421    Level: intermediate
422 
423    Notes:
424    This is the same as `int`
425 
426 .seealso: `PetscMPIInt`, `PetscInt`, `PetscExodusIIFloat`, `PetscBLASIntCast()`
427 M*/
428 typedef int PetscExodusIIInt;
429 #define PetscExodusIIInt_FMT "d"
430 
431 /*MC
432    PetscExodusIIFloat - datatype used to represent 'float' parameters to ExodusII functions.
433 
434    Level: intermediate
435 
436    Notes:
437    This is the same as `float`
438 
439 .seealso: `PetscMPIInt`, `PetscInt`, `PetscExodusIIInt`, `PetscBLASIntCast()`
440 M*/
441 typedef float PetscExodusIIFloat;
442 
443 /*E
444    PetscBool  - Logical variable.
445 
446    Level: beginner
447 
448 .seealso: `PETSC_TRUE`, `PETSC_FALSE`, `PetscNot()`, `PetscBool3`
449 E*/
450 typedef bool PetscBool;
451 #define PETSC_FALSE false
452 #define PETSC_TRUE  true
453 PETSC_EXTERN const char *const PetscBools[];
454 
455 /*E
456    PetscBool3  - Ternary logical variable. Actually an enum in C and a 4 byte integer in Fortran.
457 
458    Level: beginner
459 
460    Note:
461    Should not be used with the if (flg) or if (!flg) syntax.
462 
463 .seealso: `PETSC_TRUE`, `PETSC_FALSE`, `PetscNot()`, `PETSC_BOOL3_TRUE`, `PETSC_BOOL3_FALSE`, `PETSC_BOOL3_UNKNOWN`
464 E*/
465 typedef enum {
466   PETSC_BOOL3_FALSE   = 0,
467   PETSC_BOOL3_TRUE    = 1,
468   PETSC_BOOL3_UNKNOWN = -1 /* the value is unknown at the time of query, but might be determined later */
469 } PetscBool3;
470 
471 #define PetscBool3ToBool(a) ((a) == PETSC_BOOL3_TRUE ? PETSC_TRUE : PETSC_FALSE)
472 #define PetscBoolToBool3(a) ((a) == PETSC_TRUE ? PETSC_BOOL3_TRUE : PETSC_BOOL3_FALSE)
473 
474 /*MC
475    PetscReal - PETSc type that represents a real number version of `PetscScalar`
476 
477    Level: beginner
478 
479    Notes:
480    For MPI calls that require datatypes, use `MPIU_REAL` as the datatype for `PetscReal` and `MPIU_SUM`, `MPIU_MAX`, etc. for operations.
481    They will automatically work correctly regardless of the size of `PetscReal`.
482 
483    See `PetscScalar` for details on how to ./configure the size of `PetscReal`.
484 
485 .seealso: `PetscScalar`, `PetscComplex`, `PetscInt`, `MPIU_REAL`, `MPIU_SCALAR`, `MPIU_COMPLEX`, `MPIU_INT`
486 M*/
487 
488 #if defined(PETSC_USE_REAL_SINGLE)
489 typedef float PetscReal;
490 #elif defined(PETSC_USE_REAL_DOUBLE)
491 typedef double PetscReal;
492 #elif defined(PETSC_USE_REAL___FLOAT128)
493   #if defined(__cplusplus)
494 extern "C" {
495   #endif
496   #include <quadmath.h>
497   #if defined(__cplusplus)
498 }
499   #endif
500 typedef __float128 PetscReal;
501 #elif defined(PETSC_USE_REAL___FP16)
502 typedef __fp16 PetscReal;
503 #endif /* PETSC_USE_REAL_* */
504 
505 /*MC
506    PetscComplex - PETSc type that represents a complex number with precision matching that of `PetscReal`.
507 
508    Synopsis:
509    #include <petscsys.h>
510    PetscComplex number = 1. + 2.*PETSC_i;
511 
512    Level: beginner
513 
514    Notes:
515    For MPI calls that require datatypes, use `MPIU_COMPLEX` as the datatype for `PetscComplex` and `MPIU_SUM` etc for operations.
516    They will automatically work correctly regardless of the size of `PetscComplex`.
517 
518    See `PetscScalar` for details on how to ./configure the size of `PetscReal`
519 
520    Complex numbers are automatically available if PETSc was able to find a working complex implementation
521 
522     PETSc has a 'fix' for complex numbers to support expressions such as `std::complex<PetscReal>` + `PetscInt`, which are not supported by the standard
523     C++ library, but are convenient for PETSc users. If the C++ compiler is able to compile code in `petsccxxcomplexfix.h` (This is checked by
524     configure), we include `petsccxxcomplexfix.h` to provide this convenience.
525 
526     If the fix causes conflicts, or one really does not want this fix for a particular C++ file, one can define `PETSC_SKIP_CXX_COMPLEX_FIX`
527     at the beginning of the C++ file to skip the fix.
528 
529 .seealso: `PetscReal`, `PetscScalar`, `PetscComplex`, `PetscInt`, `MPIU_REAL`, `MPIU_SCALAR`, `MPIU_COMPLEX`, `MPIU_INT`, `PETSC_i`
530 M*/
531 #if !defined(PETSC_SKIP_COMPLEX)
532   #if defined(PETSC_CLANGUAGE_CXX)
533     #if !defined(PETSC_USE_REAL___FP16) && !defined(PETSC_USE_REAL___FLOAT128)
534       #if defined(__cplusplus) && defined(PETSC_HAVE_CXX_COMPLEX) /* enable complex for library code */
535         #define PETSC_HAVE_COMPLEX 1
536       #elif !defined(__cplusplus) && defined(PETSC_HAVE_C99_COMPLEX) && defined(PETSC_HAVE_CXX_COMPLEX) /* User code only - conditional on library code complex support */
537         #define PETSC_HAVE_COMPLEX 1
538       #endif
539     #elif defined(PETSC_USE_REAL___FLOAT128) && defined(PETSC_HAVE_C99_COMPLEX)
540       #define PETSC_HAVE_COMPLEX 1
541     #endif
542   #else /* !PETSC_CLANGUAGE_CXX */
543     #if !defined(PETSC_USE_REAL___FP16)
544       #if !defined(__cplusplus) && defined(PETSC_HAVE_C99_COMPLEX) /* enable complex for library code */
545         #define PETSC_HAVE_COMPLEX 1
546       #elif defined(__cplusplus) && defined(PETSC_HAVE_C99_COMPLEX) && defined(PETSC_HAVE_CXX_COMPLEX) /* User code only - conditional on library code complex support */
547         #define PETSC_HAVE_COMPLEX 1
548       #endif
549     #endif
550   #endif /* PETSC_CLANGUAGE_CXX */
551 #endif   /* !PETSC_SKIP_COMPLEX */
552 
553 #if defined(PETSC_HAVE_COMPLEX)
554   #if defined(__cplusplus) /* C++ complex support */
555     /* Locate a C++ complex template library */
556     #if defined(PETSC_DESIRE_KOKKOS_COMPLEX) /* Defined in petscvec_kokkos.hpp for *.kokkos.cxx files */
557       #define petsccomplexlib Kokkos
558       #include <Kokkos_Complex.hpp>
559     #elif (defined(__CUDACC__) && defined(PETSC_HAVE_CUDA)) || (defined(__HIPCC__) && defined(PETSC_HAVE_HIP))
560       #define petsccomplexlib thrust
561       #include <thrust/complex.h>
562     #elif defined(PETSC_USE_REAL___FLOAT128)
563       #include <complex.h>
564     #else
565       #define petsccomplexlib std
566       #include <complex>
567     #endif
568 
569     /* Define PetscComplex based on the precision */
570     #if defined(PETSC_USE_REAL_SINGLE)
571 typedef petsccomplexlib::complex<float> PetscComplex;
572     #elif defined(PETSC_USE_REAL_DOUBLE)
573 typedef petsccomplexlib::complex<double> PetscComplex;
574     #elif defined(PETSC_USE_REAL___FLOAT128)
575 typedef __complex128 PetscComplex;
576     #endif
577 
578     /* Include a PETSc C++ complex 'fix'. Check PetscComplex manual page for details */
579     #if defined(PETSC_HAVE_CXX_COMPLEX_FIX) && !defined(PETSC_SKIP_CXX_COMPLEX_FIX)
580       #include <petsccxxcomplexfix.h>
581     #endif
582   #else /* c99 complex support */
583     #include <complex.h>
584     #if defined(PETSC_USE_REAL_SINGLE) || defined(PETSC_USE_REAL___FP16)
585 typedef float _Complex PetscComplex;
586     #elif defined(PETSC_USE_REAL_DOUBLE)
587 typedef double _Complex PetscComplex;
588     #elif defined(PETSC_USE_REAL___FLOAT128)
589 typedef __complex128 PetscComplex;
590     #endif /* PETSC_USE_REAL_* */
591   #endif   /* !__cplusplus */
592 #endif     /* PETSC_HAVE_COMPLEX */
593 
594 /*MC
595    PetscScalar - PETSc type that represents either a double precision real number, a double precision
596                  complex number, a single precision real number, a __float128 real or complex or a __fp16 real - if the code is configured
597                  with `--with-scalar-type`=real,complex `--with-precision`=single,double,__float128,__fp16
598 
599    Level: beginner
600 
601    Note:
602    For MPI calls that require datatypes, use `MPIU_SCALAR` as the datatype for `PetscScalar` and `MPIU_SUM`, etc for operations. They will automatically work correctly regardless of the size of `PetscScalar`.
603 
604 .seealso: `PetscReal`, `PetscComplex`, `PetscInt`, `MPIU_REAL`, `MPIU_SCALAR`, `MPIU_COMPLEX`, `MPIU_INT`, `PetscRealPart()`, `PetscImaginaryPart()`
605 M*/
606 
607 #if defined(PETSC_USE_COMPLEX) && defined(PETSC_HAVE_COMPLEX)
608 typedef PetscComplex PetscScalar;
609 #else  /* PETSC_USE_COMPLEX */
610 typedef PetscReal PetscScalar;
611 #endif /* PETSC_USE_COMPLEX */
612 
613 /*E
614     PetscCopyMode  - Determines how an array or `PetscObject` passed to certain functions is copied or retained by the aggregate `PetscObject`
615 
616    Values for array input:
617 +   `PETSC_COPY_VALUES` - the array values are copied into new space, the user is free to reuse or delete the passed in array
618 .   `PETSC_OWN_POINTER` - the array values are NOT copied, the object takes ownership of the array and will free it later, the user cannot change or
619                           delete the array. The array MUST have been obtained with `PetscMalloc()`. Hence this mode cannot be used in Fortran.
620 -   `PETSC_USE_POINTER` - the array values are NOT copied, the object uses the array but does NOT take ownership of the array. The user cannot use
621                           the array but the user must delete the array after the object is destroyed.
622 
623    Values for PetscObject:
624 +   `PETSC_COPY_VALUES` - the input `PetscObject` is cloned into the aggregate `PetscObject`; the user is free to reuse/modify the input `PetscObject` without side effects.
625 .   `PETSC_OWN_POINTER` - the input `PetscObject` is referenced by pointer (with reference count), thus should not be modified by the user.
626                           increases its reference count).
627 -   `PETSC_USE_POINTER` - invalid for `PetscObject` inputs.
628 
629    Level: beginner
630 
631 .seealso: `PetscInsertMode`
632 E*/
633 typedef enum {
634   PETSC_COPY_VALUES,
635   PETSC_OWN_POINTER,
636   PETSC_USE_POINTER
637 } PetscCopyMode;
638 PETSC_EXTERN const char *const PetscCopyModes[];
639 
640 /*MC
641     PETSC_FALSE - False value of `PetscBool`
642 
643     Level: beginner
644 
645     Note:
646     Zero integer
647 
648 .seealso: `PetscBool`, `PetscBool3`, `PETSC_TRUE`
649 M*/
650 
651 /*MC
652     PETSC_TRUE - True value of `PetscBool`
653 
654     Level: beginner
655 
656     Note:
657     Nonzero integer
658 
659 .seealso: `PetscBool`, `PetscBool3`, `PETSC_FALSE`
660 M*/
661 
662 /*MC
663     PetscLogDouble - Used for logging times
664 
665   Level: developer
666 
667   Note:
668   Contains double precision numbers that are not used in the numerical computations, but rather in logging, timing etc.
669 
670 .seealso: `PetscBool`, `PetscDataType`
671 M*/
672 typedef double PetscLogDouble;
673 
674 /*E
675     PetscDataType - Used for handling different basic data types.
676 
677    Level: beginner
678 
679    Notes:
680    Use of this should be avoided if one can directly use `MPI_Datatype` instead.
681 
682    `PETSC_INT` is the datatype for a `PetscInt`, regardless of whether it is 4 or 8 bytes.
683    `PETSC_REAL`, `PETSC_COMPLEX` and `PETSC_SCALAR` are the datatypes for `PetscReal`, `PetscComplex` and `PetscScalar`, regardless of their sizes.
684 
685    Developer Notes:
686    It would be nice if we could always just use MPI Datatypes, why can we not?
687 
688    If you change any values in `PetscDatatype` make sure you update their usage in
689    share/petsc/matlab/PetscBagRead.m and share/petsc/matlab/@PetscOpenSocket/read/write.m
690 
691    TODO:
692    Remove use of improper `PETSC_ENUM`
693 
694 .seealso: `PetscBinaryRead()`, `PetscBinaryWrite()`, `PetscDataTypeToMPIDataType()`,
695           `PetscDataTypeGetSize()`
696 E*/
697 typedef enum {
698   PETSC_DATATYPE_UNKNOWN = 0,
699   PETSC_DOUBLE           = 1,
700   PETSC_COMPLEX          = 2,
701   PETSC_LONG             = 3,
702   PETSC_SHORT            = 4,
703   PETSC_FLOAT            = 5,
704   PETSC_CHAR             = 6,
705   PETSC_BIT_LOGICAL      = 7,
706   PETSC_ENUM             = 8,
707   PETSC_BOOL             = 9,
708   PETSC___FLOAT128       = 10,
709   PETSC_OBJECT           = 11,
710   PETSC_FUNCTION         = 12,
711   PETSC_STRING           = 13,
712   PETSC___FP16           = 14,
713   PETSC_STRUCT           = 15,
714   PETSC_INT              = 16,
715   PETSC_INT64            = 17,
716   PETSC_COUNT            = 18,
717   PETSC_INT32            = 19,
718 } PetscDataType;
719 PETSC_EXTERN const char *const PetscDataTypes[];
720 
721 #if defined(PETSC_USE_REAL_SINGLE)
722   #define PETSC_REAL PETSC_FLOAT
723 #elif defined(PETSC_USE_REAL_DOUBLE)
724   #define PETSC_REAL PETSC_DOUBLE
725 #elif defined(PETSC_USE_REAL___FLOAT128)
726   #define PETSC_REAL PETSC___FLOAT128
727 #elif defined(PETSC_USE_REAL___FP16)
728   #define PETSC_REAL PETSC___FP16
729 #else
730   #define PETSC_REAL PETSC_DOUBLE
731 #endif
732 
733 #if defined(PETSC_USE_COMPLEX)
734   #define PETSC_SCALAR PETSC_COMPLEX
735 #else
736   #define PETSC_SCALAR PETSC_REAL
737 #endif
738 
739 #define PETSC_FORTRANADDR PETSC_LONG
740 
741 /*S
742   PetscToken - 'Token' used for managing tokenizing strings
743 
744   Level: intermediate
745 
746 .seealso: `PetscTokenCreate()`, `PetscTokenFind()`, `PetscTokenDestroy()`
747 S*/
748 typedef struct _n_PetscToken *PetscToken;
749 
750 /*S
751    PetscObject - any PETSc object, for example: `PetscViewer`, `Mat`, `Vec`, `KSP`, `DM`
752 
753    Level: beginner
754 
755    Notes:
756    This is the base class from which all PETSc objects are derived.
757 
758    In certain situations one can cast an object, for example a `Vec`, to a `PetscObject` with (`PetscObject`)vec
759 
760 .seealso: `PetscObjectDestroy()`, `PetscObjectView()`, `PetscObjectGetName()`, `PetscObjectSetName()`, `PetscObjectReference()`, `PetscObjectDereference()`
761 S*/
762 typedef struct _p_PetscObject *PetscObject;
763 
764 /*MC
765     PetscObjectId - unique integer Id for a `PetscObject`
766 
767     Level: developer
768 
769     Note:
770     Unlike pointer values, object ids are never reused so one may save a `PetscObjectId` and compare it to one obtained later from a `PetscObject` to determine
771     if the objects are the same. Never compare two object pointer values.
772 
773 .seealso: `PetscObjectState`, `PetscObjectGetId()`
774 M*/
775 typedef PetscInt64 PetscObjectId;
776 
777 /*MC
778     PetscObjectState - integer state for a `PetscObject`
779 
780     Level: developer
781 
782     Note:
783     Object state is always-increasing and (for objects that track state) can be used to determine if an object has
784     changed since the last time you interacted with it.  It is 64-bit so that it will not overflow for a very long time.
785 
786 .seealso: `PetscObjectId`, `PetscObjectStateGet()`, `PetscObjectStateIncrease()`, `PetscObjectStateSet()`
787 M*/
788 typedef PetscInt64 PetscObjectState;
789 
790 /*S
791      PetscFunctionList - Linked list of functions, possibly stored in dynamic libraries, accessed
792       by string name
793 
794    Level: advanced
795 
796 .seealso: `PetscFunctionListAdd()`, `PetscFunctionListDestroy()`
797 S*/
798 typedef struct _n_PetscFunctionList *PetscFunctionList;
799 
800 /*E
801   PetscFileMode - Access mode for a file.
802 
803   Values:
804 +  `FILE_MODE_UNDEFINED`     - initial invalid value
805 .  `FILE_MODE_READ`          - open a file at its beginning for reading
806 .  `FILE_MODE_WRITE`         - open a file at its beginning for writing (will create if the file does not exist)
807 .  `FILE_MODE_APPEND`        - open a file at end for writing
808 .  `FILE_MODE_UPDATE`        - open a file for updating, meaning for reading and writing
809 -  `FILE_MODE_APPEND_UPDATE` - open a file for updating, meaning for reading and writing, at the end
810 
811   Level: beginner
812 
813 .seealso: `PetscViewerFileSetMode()`
814 E*/
815 typedef enum {
816   FILE_MODE_UNDEFINED     = -1,
817   FILE_MODE_READ          = 0,
818   FILE_MODE_WRITE         = 1,
819   FILE_MODE_APPEND        = 2,
820   FILE_MODE_UPDATE        = 3,
821   FILE_MODE_APPEND_UPDATE = 4
822 } PetscFileMode;
823 PETSC_EXTERN const char *const PetscFileModes[];
824 
825 typedef void *PetscDLHandle;
826 typedef enum {
827   PETSC_DL_DECIDE = 0,
828   PETSC_DL_NOW    = 1,
829   PETSC_DL_LOCAL  = 2
830 } PetscDLMode;
831 
832 /*S
833    PetscObjectList - Linked list of PETSc objects, each accessible by string name
834 
835    Level: developer
836 
837    Note:
838    Used by `PetscObjectCompose()` and `PetscObjectQuery()`
839 
840 .seealso: `PetscObjectListAdd()`, `PetscObjectListDestroy()`, `PetscObjectListFind()`, `PetscObjectCompose()`, `PetscObjectQuery()`, `PetscFunctionList`
841 S*/
842 typedef struct _n_PetscObjectList *PetscObjectList;
843 
844 /*S
845    PetscDLLibrary - Linked list of dynamic libraries to search for functions
846 
847    Level: developer
848 
849 .seealso: `PetscDLLibraryOpen()`
850 S*/
851 typedef struct _n_PetscDLLibrary *PetscDLLibrary;
852 
853 /*S
854    PetscContainer - Simple PETSc object that contains a pointer to any required data
855 
856    Level: advanced
857 
858    Note:
859    This is useful to attach arbitrary data to a `PetscObject` with `PetscObjectCompose()` and `PetscObjectQuery()`
860 
861 .seealso: `PetscObject`, `PetscContainerCreate()`, `PetscObjectCompose()`, `PetscObjectQuery()`
862 S*/
863 typedef struct _p_PetscContainer *PetscContainer;
864 
865 /*S
866    PetscRandom - Abstract PETSc object that manages generating random numbers
867 
868    Level: intermediate
869 
870 .seealso: `PetscRandomCreate()`, `PetscRandomGetValue()`, `PetscRandomType`
871 S*/
872 typedef struct _p_PetscRandom *PetscRandom;
873 
874 /*
875    In binary files variables are stored using the following lengths,
876   regardless of how they are stored in memory on any one particular
877   machine. Use these rather than sizeof() in computing sizes for
878   PetscBinarySeek().
879 */
880 #define PETSC_BINARY_INT_SIZE    (32 / 8)
881 #define PETSC_BINARY_FLOAT_SIZE  (32 / 8)
882 #define PETSC_BINARY_CHAR_SIZE   (8 / 8)
883 #define PETSC_BINARY_SHORT_SIZE  (16 / 8)
884 #define PETSC_BINARY_DOUBLE_SIZE (64 / 8)
885 #define PETSC_BINARY_SCALAR_SIZE sizeof(PetscScalar)
886 
887 /*E
888   PetscBinarySeekType - argument to `PetscBinarySeek()`
889 
890   Values:
891 +  `PETSC_BINARY_SEEK_SET` - offset is an absolute location in the file
892 .  `PETSC_BINARY_SEEK_CUR` - offset is an offset from the current location of the file pointer
893 -  `PETSC_BINARY_SEEK_END` - offset is an offset from the end of the file
894 
895   Level: advanced
896 
897 .seealso: `PetscBinarySeek()`, `PetscBinarySynchronizedSeek()`
898 E*/
899 typedef enum {
900   PETSC_BINARY_SEEK_SET = 0,
901   PETSC_BINARY_SEEK_CUR = 1,
902   PETSC_BINARY_SEEK_END = 2
903 } PetscBinarySeekType;
904 
905 /*E
906    PetscBuildTwoSidedType - algorithm for setting up two-sided communication for use with `PetscSF`
907 
908    Values:
909 +  `PETSC_BUILDTWOSIDED_ALLREDUCE`  - classical algorithm using an `MPI_Allreduce()` with
910                                       a buffer of length equal to the communicator size. Not memory-scalable due to
911                                       the large reduction size. Requires only an MPI-1 implementation.
912 .  `PETSC_BUILDTWOSIDED_IBARRIER`   - nonblocking algorithm based on `MPI_Issend()` and `MPI_Ibarrier()`.
913                                       Proved communication-optimal in Hoefler, Siebert, and Lumsdaine (2010). Requires an MPI-3 implementation.
914 -  `PETSC_BUILDTWOSIDED_REDSCATTER` - similar to above, but use more optimized function
915                                       that only communicates the part of the reduction that is necessary.  Requires an MPI-2 implementation.
916 
917    Level: developer
918 
919 .seealso: `PetscCommBuildTwoSided()`, `PetscCommBuildTwoSidedSetType()`, `PetscCommBuildTwoSidedGetType()`
920 E*/
921 typedef enum {
922   PETSC_BUILDTWOSIDED_NOTSET     = -1,
923   PETSC_BUILDTWOSIDED_ALLREDUCE  = 0,
924   PETSC_BUILDTWOSIDED_IBARRIER   = 1,
925   PETSC_BUILDTWOSIDED_REDSCATTER = 2
926   /* Updates here must be accompanied by updates in finclude/petscsys.h and the string array in mpits.c */
927 } PetscBuildTwoSidedType;
928 PETSC_EXTERN const char *const PetscBuildTwoSidedTypes[];
929 
930 /*E
931   InsertMode - How the entries are combined with the current values in the vectors or matrices
932 
933   Values:
934 +  `NOT_SET_VALUES`    - do not actually use the values
935 .  `INSERT_VALUES`     - replace the current values with the provided values, unless the index is marked as constrained by the `PetscSection`
936 .  `ADD_VALUES`        - add the values to the current values, unless the index is marked as constrained by the `PetscSection`
937 .  `MAX_VALUES`        - use the maximum of each current value and provided value
938 .  `MIN_VALUES`        - use the minimum of each current value and provided value
939 .  `INSERT_ALL_VALUES` - insert, even if indices that are not marked as constrained by the `PetscSection`
940 .  `ADD_ALL_VALUES`    - add, even if indices that are not marked as constrained by the `PetscSection`
941 .  `INSERT_BC_VALUES`  - insert, but ignore indices that are not marked as constrained by the `PetscSection`
942 -  `ADD_BC_VALUES`     - add, but ignore indices that are not marked as constrained by the `PetscSection`
943 
944   Level: beginner
945 
946   Note:
947   The `PetscSection` that determines the effects of the `InsertMode` values can be obtained by the `Vec` object with `VecGetDM()`
948   and `DMGetLocalSection()`.
949 
950   Not all options are supported for all operations or PETSc object types.
951 
952 .seealso: `VecSetValues()`, `MatSetValues()`, `VecSetValue()`, `VecSetValuesBlocked()`,
953           `VecSetValuesLocal()`, `VecSetValuesBlockedLocal()`, `MatSetValuesBlocked()`,
954           `MatSetValuesBlockedLocal()`, `MatSetValuesLocal()`, `VecScatterBegin()`, `VecScatterEnd()`
955 E*/
956 typedef enum {
957   NOT_SET_VALUES,
958   INSERT_VALUES,
959   ADD_VALUES,
960   MAX_VALUES,
961   MIN_VALUES,
962   INSERT_ALL_VALUES,
963   ADD_ALL_VALUES,
964   INSERT_BC_VALUES,
965   ADD_BC_VALUES
966 } InsertMode;
967 
968 /*MC
969     INSERT_VALUES - Put a value into a vector or matrix, overwrites any previous value
970 
971     Level: beginner
972 
973 .seealso: `InsertMode`, `VecSetValues()`, `MatSetValues()`, `VecSetValue()`, `VecSetValuesBlocked()`,
974           `VecSetValuesLocal()`, `VecSetValuesBlockedLocal()`, `MatSetValuesBlocked()`, `ADD_VALUES`,
975           `MatSetValuesBlockedLocal()`, `MatSetValuesLocal()`, `VecScatterBegin()`, `VecScatterEnd()`, `MAX_VALUES`
976 M*/
977 
978 /*MC
979     ADD_VALUES - Adds a value into a vector or matrix, if there previously was no value, just puts the
980                  value into that location
981 
982     Level: beginner
983 
984 .seealso: `InsertMode`, `VecSetValues()`, `MatSetValues()`, `VecSetValue()`, `VecSetValuesBlocked()`,
985           `VecSetValuesLocal()`, `VecSetValuesBlockedLocal()`, `MatSetValuesBlocked()`, `INSERT_VALUES`,
986           `MatSetValuesBlockedLocal()`, `MatSetValuesLocal()`, `VecScatterBegin()`, `VecScatterEnd()`, `MAX_VALUES`
987 M*/
988 
989 /*MC
990     MAX_VALUES - Puts the maximum of the scattered/gathered value and the current value into each location
991 
992     Level: beginner
993 
994 .seealso: `InsertMode`, `VecScatterBegin()`, `VecScatterEnd()`, `ADD_VALUES`, `INSERT_VALUES`
995 M*/
996 
997 /*MC
998     MIN_VALUES - Puts the minimal of the scattered/gathered value and the current value into each location
999 
1000     Level: beginner
1001 
1002 .seealso: `InsertMode`, `VecScatterBegin()`, `VecScatterEnd()`, `ADD_VALUES`, `INSERT_VALUES`
1003 M*/
1004 
1005 /*S
1006    PetscSubcomm - A decomposition of an MPI communicator into subcommunicators
1007 
1008    Values:
1009 +   `PETSC_SUBCOMM_GENERAL`    - similar to `MPI_Comm_split()` each process sets the new communicator (color) they will belong to and the order within that communicator
1010 .   `PETSC_SUBCOMM_CONTIGUOUS` - each new communicator contains a set of process with contiguous ranks in the original MPI communicator
1011 -   `PETSC_SUBCOMM_INTERLACED` - each new communictor contains a set of processes equally far apart in rank from the others in that new communicator
1012 
1013    Sample Usage:
1014 .vb
1015        PetscSubcommCreate()
1016        PetscSubcommSetNumber()
1017        PetscSubcommSetType(PETSC_SUBCOMM_INTERLACED);
1018        ccomm = PetscSubcommChild()
1019        PetscSubcommDestroy()
1020 .ve
1021 
1022    Example:
1023    Consider a communicator with six processes split into 3 subcommunicators.
1024 .vb
1025    PETSC_SUBCOMM_CONTIGUOUS - the first communicator contains rank 0,1  the second rank 2,3 and the third rank 4,5 in the original ordering of the original communicator
1026    PETSC_SUBCOMM_INTERLACED - the first communicator contains rank 0,3, the second 1,4 and the third 2,5
1027 .ve
1028 
1029    Level: advanced
1030 
1031    Note:
1032    After a call to `PetscSubcommSetType()`, `PetscSubcommSetTypeGeneral()`, or `PetscSubcommSetFromOptions()` one may call
1033 .vb
1034      PetscSubcommChild() returns the associated subcommunicator on this process
1035      PetscSubcommContiguousParent() returns a parent communitor but with all child of the same subcommunicator having contiguous rank
1036 .ve
1037 
1038    Developer Note:
1039    This is used in objects such as `PCREDUNDANT` to manage the subcommunicators on which the redundant computations
1040    are performed.
1041 
1042 .seealso: `PetscSubcommCreate()`, `PetscSubcommSetNumber()`, `PetscSubcommSetType()`, `PetscSubcommView()`, `PetscSubcommSetFromOptions()`
1043 S*/
1044 typedef struct _n_PetscSubcomm *PetscSubcomm;
1045 typedef enum {
1046   PETSC_SUBCOMM_GENERAL    = 0,
1047   PETSC_SUBCOMM_CONTIGUOUS = 1,
1048   PETSC_SUBCOMM_INTERLACED = 2
1049 } PetscSubcommType;
1050 PETSC_EXTERN const char *const PetscSubcommTypes[];
1051 
1052 /*S
1053    PetscHeap - A simple class for managing heaps
1054 
1055    Level: intermediate
1056 
1057 .seealso: `PetscHeapCreate()`, `PetscHeapAdd()`, `PetscHeapPop()`, `PetscHeapPeek()`, `PetscHeapStash()`, `PetscHeapUnstash()`, `PetscHeapView()`, `PetscHeapDestroy()`
1058 S*/
1059 typedef struct _n_PetscHeap *PetscHeap;
1060 
1061 typedef struct _n_PetscShmComm *PetscShmComm;
1062 typedef struct _n_PetscOmpCtrl *PetscOmpCtrl;
1063 
1064 /*S
1065    PetscSegBuffer - a segmented extendable buffer
1066 
1067    Level: developer
1068 
1069 .seealso: `PetscSegBufferCreate()`, `PetscSegBufferGet()`, `PetscSegBufferExtract()`, `PetscSegBufferDestroy()`
1070 S*/
1071 typedef struct _n_PetscSegBuffer *PetscSegBuffer;
1072 
1073 typedef struct _n_PetscOptionsHelpPrinted *PetscOptionsHelpPrinted;
1074 
1075 /*S
1076      PetscBT - PETSc bitarrays, efficient storage of arrays of boolean values
1077 
1078      Level: advanced
1079 
1080      Notes:
1081      The following routines do not have their own manual pages
1082 
1083 .vb
1084      PetscBTCreate(m,&bt)         - creates a bit array with enough room to hold m values
1085      PetscBTDestroy(&bt)          - destroys the bit array
1086      PetscBTMemzero(m,bt)         - zeros the entire bit array (sets all values to false)
1087      PetscBTSet(bt,index)         - sets a particular entry as true
1088      PetscBTClear(bt,index)       - sets a particular entry as false
1089      PetscBTLookup(bt,index)      - returns the value
1090      PetscBTLookupSet(bt,index)   - returns the value and then sets it true
1091      PetscBTLookupClear(bt,index) - returns the value and then sets it false
1092      PetscBTLength(m)             - returns number of bytes in array with m bits
1093      PetscBTView(m,bt,viewer)     - prints all the entries in a bit array
1094 .ve
1095 
1096     PETSc does not check error flags on `PetscBTLookup()`, `PetscBTLookupSet()`, `PetscBTLength()` because error checking
1097     would cost hundreds more cycles then the operation.
1098 
1099 S*/
1100 typedef char *PetscBT;
1101 
1102 /* The number of bits in a byte */
1103 #define PETSC_BITS_PER_BYTE CHAR_BIT
1104