xref: /petsc/src/dm/impls/moab/dmmbutil.cxx (revision d5b43468fb8780a8feea140ccd6fa3e6a50411cc)
1 #include <petsc/private/dmmbimpl.h> /*I  "petscdmmoab.h"   I*/
2 #include <petsc/private/vecimpl.h>
3 
4 #include <petscdmmoab.h>
5 #include <MBTagConventions.hpp>
6 #include <moab/ReadUtilIface.hpp>
7 #include <moab/MergeMesh.hpp>
8 #include <moab/CN.hpp>
9 
10 typedef struct {
11   // options
12   PetscInt  A, B, C, M, N, K, dim;
13   PetscInt  blockSizeVertexXYZ[3]; // Number of element blocks per partition
14   PetscInt  blockSizeElementXYZ[3];
15   PetscReal xyzbounds[6]; // the physical size of the domain
16   bool      newMergeMethod, keep_skins, simplex, adjEnts;
17 
18   // compute params
19   PetscReal     dx, dy, dz;
20   PetscInt      NX, NY, NZ, nex, ney, nez;
21   PetscInt      q, xstride, ystride, zstride;
22   PetscBool     usrxyzgrid, usrprocgrid, usrrefgrid;
23   PetscInt      fraction, remainder, cumfraction;
24   PetscLogEvent generateMesh, generateElements, generateVertices, parResolve;
25 } DMMoabMeshGeneratorCtx;
26 
27 PetscInt DMMoab_SetTensorElementConnectivity_Private(DMMoabMeshGeneratorCtx &genCtx, PetscInt offset, PetscInt corner, std::vector<PetscInt> &subent_conn, moab::EntityHandle *connectivity)
28 {
29   switch (genCtx.dim) {
30   case 1:
31     subent_conn.resize(2);
32     moab::CN::SubEntityVertexIndices(moab::MBEDGE, 1, 0, subent_conn.data());
33     connectivity[offset + subent_conn[0]] = corner;
34     connectivity[offset + subent_conn[1]] = corner + 1;
35     break;
36   case 2:
37     subent_conn.resize(4);
38     moab::CN::SubEntityVertexIndices(moab::MBQUAD, 2, 0, subent_conn.data());
39     connectivity[offset + subent_conn[0]] = corner;
40     connectivity[offset + subent_conn[1]] = corner + 1;
41     connectivity[offset + subent_conn[2]] = corner + 1 + genCtx.ystride;
42     connectivity[offset + subent_conn[3]] = corner + genCtx.ystride;
43     break;
44   case 3:
45   default:
46     subent_conn.resize(8);
47     moab::CN::SubEntityVertexIndices(moab::MBHEX, 3, 0, subent_conn.data());
48     connectivity[offset + subent_conn[0]] = corner;
49     connectivity[offset + subent_conn[1]] = corner + 1;
50     connectivity[offset + subent_conn[2]] = corner + 1 + genCtx.ystride;
51     connectivity[offset + subent_conn[3]] = corner + genCtx.ystride;
52     connectivity[offset + subent_conn[4]] = corner + genCtx.zstride;
53     connectivity[offset + subent_conn[5]] = corner + 1 + genCtx.zstride;
54     connectivity[offset + subent_conn[6]] = corner + 1 + genCtx.ystride + genCtx.zstride;
55     connectivity[offset + subent_conn[7]] = corner + genCtx.ystride + genCtx.zstride;
56     break;
57   }
58   return subent_conn.size();
59 }
60 
61 PetscInt DMMoab_SetSimplexElementConnectivity_Private(DMMoabMeshGeneratorCtx &genCtx, PetscInt subelem, PetscInt offset, PetscInt corner, std::vector<PetscInt> &subent_conn, moab::EntityHandle *connectivity)
62 {
63   PetscInt       A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, M;
64   const PetscInt trigen_opts = 1; /* 1 - Aligned diagonally to right, 2 - Aligned diagonally to left, 3 - 4 elements per quad */
65   A                          = corner;
66   B                          = corner + 1;
67   switch (genCtx.dim) {
68   case 1:
69     subent_conn.resize(2); /* only linear EDGE supported now */
70     moab::CN::SubEntityVertexIndices(moab::MBEDGE, 1, 0, subent_conn.data());
71     connectivity[offset + subent_conn[0]] = A;
72     connectivity[offset + subent_conn[1]] = B;
73     break;
74   case 2:
75     C = corner + 1 + genCtx.ystride;
76     D = corner + genCtx.ystride;
77     M = corner + 0.5;      /* technically -- need to modify vertex generation */
78     subent_conn.resize(3); /* only linear TRI supported */
79     moab::CN::SubEntityVertexIndices(moab::MBTRI, 2, 0, subent_conn.data());
80     if (trigen_opts == 1) {
81       if (subelem) { /* 0 1 2 of a QUAD */
82         connectivity[offset + subent_conn[0]] = B;
83         connectivity[offset + subent_conn[1]] = C;
84         connectivity[offset + subent_conn[2]] = A;
85       } else { /* 2 3 0 of a QUAD */
86         connectivity[offset + subent_conn[0]] = D;
87         connectivity[offset + subent_conn[1]] = A;
88         connectivity[offset + subent_conn[2]] = C;
89       }
90     } else if (trigen_opts == 2) {
91       if (subelem) { /* 0 1 2 of a QUAD */
92         connectivity[offset + subent_conn[0]] = A;
93         connectivity[offset + subent_conn[1]] = B;
94         connectivity[offset + subent_conn[2]] = D;
95       } else { /* 2 3 0 of a QUAD */
96         connectivity[offset + subent_conn[0]] = C;
97         connectivity[offset + subent_conn[1]] = D;
98         connectivity[offset + subent_conn[2]] = B;
99       }
100     } else {
101       switch (subelem) { /* 0 1 2 of a QUAD */
102       case 0:
103         connectivity[offset + subent_conn[0]] = A;
104         connectivity[offset + subent_conn[1]] = B;
105         connectivity[offset + subent_conn[2]] = M;
106         break;
107       case 1:
108         connectivity[offset + subent_conn[0]] = B;
109         connectivity[offset + subent_conn[1]] = C;
110         connectivity[offset + subent_conn[2]] = M;
111         break;
112       case 2:
113         connectivity[offset + subent_conn[0]] = C;
114         connectivity[offset + subent_conn[1]] = D;
115         connectivity[offset + subent_conn[2]] = M;
116         break;
117       case 3:
118         connectivity[offset + subent_conn[0]] = D;
119         connectivity[offset + subent_conn[1]] = A;
120         connectivity[offset + subent_conn[2]] = M;
121         break;
122       }
123     }
124     break;
125   case 3:
126   default:
127     C = corner + 1 + genCtx.ystride;
128     D = corner + genCtx.ystride;
129     E = corner + genCtx.zstride;
130     F = corner + 1 + genCtx.zstride;
131     G = corner + 1 + genCtx.ystride + genCtx.zstride;
132     H = corner + genCtx.ystride + genCtx.zstride;
133     subent_conn.resize(4); /* only linear TET supported */
134     moab::CN::SubEntityVertexIndices(moab::MBTET, 3, 0, subent_conn.data());
135     switch (subelem) {
136     case 0: /* 4 3 7 6 of a HEX */
137       connectivity[offset + subent_conn[0]] = E;
138       connectivity[offset + subent_conn[1]] = D;
139       connectivity[offset + subent_conn[2]] = H;
140       connectivity[offset + subent_conn[3]] = G;
141       break;
142     case 1: /* 0 1 2 5 of a HEX */
143       connectivity[offset + subent_conn[0]] = A;
144       connectivity[offset + subent_conn[1]] = B;
145       connectivity[offset + subent_conn[2]] = C;
146       connectivity[offset + subent_conn[3]] = F;
147       break;
148     case 2: /* 0 3 4 5 of a HEX */
149       connectivity[offset + subent_conn[0]] = A;
150       connectivity[offset + subent_conn[1]] = D;
151       connectivity[offset + subent_conn[2]] = E;
152       connectivity[offset + subent_conn[3]] = F;
153       break;
154     case 3: /* 2 6 3 5 of a HEX */
155       connectivity[offset + subent_conn[0]] = C;
156       connectivity[offset + subent_conn[1]] = G;
157       connectivity[offset + subent_conn[2]] = D;
158       connectivity[offset + subent_conn[3]] = F;
159       break;
160     case 4: /* 0 2 3 5 of a HEX */
161       connectivity[offset + subent_conn[0]] = A;
162       connectivity[offset + subent_conn[1]] = C;
163       connectivity[offset + subent_conn[2]] = D;
164       connectivity[offset + subent_conn[3]] = F;
165       break;
166     case 5: /* 3 6 4 5 of a HEX */
167       connectivity[offset + subent_conn[0]] = D;
168       connectivity[offset + subent_conn[1]] = G;
169       connectivity[offset + subent_conn[2]] = E;
170       connectivity[offset + subent_conn[3]] = F;
171       break;
172     }
173     break;
174   }
175   return subent_conn.size();
176 }
177 
178 std::pair<PetscInt, PetscInt> DMMoab_SetElementConnectivity_Private(DMMoabMeshGeneratorCtx &genCtx, PetscInt offset, PetscInt corner, moab::EntityHandle *connectivity)
179 {
180   PetscInt              vcount                  = 0;
181   PetscInt              simplices_per_tensor[4] = {0, 1, 2, 6};
182   std::vector<PetscInt> subent_conn; /* only linear edge, tri, tet supported now */
183   subent_conn.reserve(27);
184   PetscInt m, subelem;
185   if (genCtx.simplex) {
186     subelem = simplices_per_tensor[genCtx.dim];
187     for (m = 0; m < subelem; m++) {
188       vcount = DMMoab_SetSimplexElementConnectivity_Private(genCtx, m, offset, corner, subent_conn, connectivity);
189       offset += vcount;
190     }
191   } else {
192     subelem = 1;
193     vcount  = DMMoab_SetTensorElementConnectivity_Private(genCtx, offset, corner, subent_conn, connectivity);
194   }
195   return std::pair<PetscInt, PetscInt>(vcount * subelem, subelem);
196 }
197 
198 PetscErrorCode DMMoab_GenerateVertices_Private(moab::Interface *mbImpl, moab::ReadUtilIface *iface, DMMoabMeshGeneratorCtx &genCtx, PetscInt m, PetscInt n, PetscInt k, PetscInt a, PetscInt b, PetscInt c, moab::Tag &global_id_tag, moab::EntityHandle &startv, moab::Range &uverts)
199 {
200   PetscInt                 x, y, z, ix, nnodes;
201   PetscInt                 ii, jj, kk;
202   std::vector<PetscReal *> arrays;
203   PetscInt                *gids;
204   moab::ErrorCode          merr;
205 
206   PetscFunctionBegin;
207   /* we will generate (q*block+1)^3 vertices, and block^3 hexas; q is 1 for linear, 2 for quadratic
208    * the global id of the vertices will come from m, n, k, a, b, c
209    * x will vary from  m*A*q*block + a*q*block to m*A*q*block+(a+1)*q*block etc.
210    */
211   nnodes = genCtx.blockSizeVertexXYZ[0] * (genCtx.dim > 1 ? genCtx.blockSizeVertexXYZ[1] * (genCtx.dim > 2 ? genCtx.blockSizeVertexXYZ[2] : 1) : 1);
212   PetscCall(PetscMalloc1(nnodes, &gids));
213 
214   merr = iface->get_node_coords(3, nnodes, 0, startv, arrays);
215   MBERR("Can't get node coords.", merr);
216 
217   /* will start with the lower corner: */
218   /* x = ( m * genCtx.A + a) * genCtx.q * genCtx.blockSizeElementXYZ[0]; */
219   /* y = ( n * genCtx.B + b) * genCtx.q * genCtx.blockSizeElementXYZ[1]; */
220   /* z = ( k * genCtx.C + c) * genCtx.q * genCtx.blockSizeElementXYZ[2]; */
221 
222   x = (m * genCtx.A + a) * genCtx.q;
223   y = (n * genCtx.B + b) * genCtx.q;
224   z = (k * genCtx.C + c) * genCtx.q;
225   PetscCall(PetscInfo(NULL, "Starting offset for coordinates := %" PetscInt_FMT ", %" PetscInt_FMT ", %" PetscInt_FMT "\n", x, y, z));
226   ix = 0;
227   moab::Range verts(startv, startv + nnodes - 1);
228   for (kk = 0; kk < (genCtx.dim > 2 ? genCtx.blockSizeVertexXYZ[2] : 1); kk++) {
229     for (jj = 0; jj < (genCtx.dim > 1 ? genCtx.blockSizeVertexXYZ[1] : 1); jj++) {
230       for (ii = 0; ii < genCtx.blockSizeVertexXYZ[0]; ii++, ix++) {
231         /* set coordinates for the vertices */
232         arrays[0][ix] = (x + ii) * genCtx.dx + genCtx.xyzbounds[0];
233         arrays[1][ix] = (y + jj) * genCtx.dy + genCtx.xyzbounds[2];
234         arrays[2][ix] = (z + kk) * genCtx.dz + genCtx.xyzbounds[4];
235         PetscCall(PetscInfo(NULL, "Creating vertex with coordinates := %f, %f, %f\n", arrays[0][ix], arrays[1][ix], arrays[2][ix]));
236 
237         /* If we want to set some tags on the vertices -> use the following entity handle definition:
238            moab::EntityHandle v = startv + ix;
239         */
240         /* compute the global ID for vertex */
241         gids[ix] = 1 + (x + ii) + (y + jj) * genCtx.NX + (z + kk) * (genCtx.NX * genCtx.NY);
242       }
243     }
244   }
245   /* set global ID data on vertices */
246   mbImpl->tag_set_data(global_id_tag, verts, &gids[0]);
247   verts.swap(uverts);
248   PetscCall(PetscFree(gids));
249   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
250 }
251 
252 PetscErrorCode DMMoab_GenerateElements_Private(moab::Interface *mbImpl, moab::ReadUtilIface *iface, DMMoabMeshGeneratorCtx &genCtx, PetscInt m, PetscInt n, PetscInt k, PetscInt a, PetscInt b, PetscInt c, moab::Tag &global_id_tag, moab::EntityHandle startv, moab::Range &cells)
253 {
254   moab::ErrorCode     merr;
255   PetscInt            ix, ie, xe, ye, ze;
256   PetscInt            ii, jj, kk, nvperelem;
257   PetscInt            simplices_per_tensor[4] = {0, 1, 2, 6};
258   PetscInt            ntensorelems            = genCtx.blockSizeElementXYZ[0] * (genCtx.dim > 1 ? genCtx.blockSizeElementXYZ[1] * (genCtx.dim > 2 ? genCtx.blockSizeElementXYZ[2] : 1) : 1); /*pow(genCtx.blockSizeElement,genCtx.dim);*/
259   PetscInt            nelems                  = ntensorelems;
260   moab::EntityHandle  starte; /* connectivity */
261   moab::EntityHandle *conn;
262 
263   PetscFunctionBegin;
264   switch (genCtx.dim) {
265   case 1:
266     nvperelem = 2;
267     merr      = iface->get_element_connect(nelems, 2, moab::MBEDGE, 0, starte, conn);
268     MBERR("Can't get EDGE2 element connectivity.", merr);
269     break;
270   case 2:
271     if (genCtx.simplex) {
272       nvperelem = 3;
273       nelems    = ntensorelems * simplices_per_tensor[genCtx.dim];
274       merr      = iface->get_element_connect(nelems, 3, moab::MBTRI, 0, starte, conn);
275       MBERR("Can't get TRI3 element connectivity.", merr);
276     } else {
277       nvperelem = 4;
278       merr      = iface->get_element_connect(nelems, 4, moab::MBQUAD, 0, starte, conn);
279       MBERR("Can't get QUAD4 element connectivity.", merr);
280     }
281     break;
282   case 3:
283   default:
284     if (genCtx.simplex) {
285       nvperelem = 4;
286       nelems    = ntensorelems * simplices_per_tensor[genCtx.dim];
287       merr      = iface->get_element_connect(nelems, 4, moab::MBTET, 0, starte, conn);
288       MBERR("Can't get TET4 element connectivity.", merr);
289     } else {
290       nvperelem = 8;
291       merr      = iface->get_element_connect(nelems, 8, moab::MBHEX, 0, starte, conn);
292       MBERR("Can't get HEX8 element connectivity.", merr);
293     }
294     break;
295   }
296 
297   ix = ie = 0; /* index now in the elements, for global ids */
298 
299   /* create a temporary range to store local element handles */
300   moab::Range           tmp(starte, starte + nelems - 1);
301   std::vector<PetscInt> gids(nelems);
302 
303   /* identify the elements at the lower corner, for their global ids */
304   xe = m * genCtx.A * genCtx.blockSizeElementXYZ[0] + a * genCtx.blockSizeElementXYZ[0];
305   ye = (genCtx.dim > 1 ? n * genCtx.B * genCtx.blockSizeElementXYZ[1] + b * genCtx.blockSizeElementXYZ[1] : 0);
306   ze = (genCtx.dim > 2 ? k * genCtx.C * genCtx.blockSizeElementXYZ[2] + c * genCtx.blockSizeElementXYZ[2] : 0);
307 
308   /* create owned elements requested by genCtx */
309   for (kk = 0; kk < (genCtx.dim > 2 ? genCtx.blockSizeElementXYZ[2] : 1); kk++) {
310     for (jj = 0; jj < (genCtx.dim > 1 ? genCtx.blockSizeElementXYZ[1] : 1); jj++) {
311       for (ii = 0; ii < genCtx.blockSizeElementXYZ[0]; ii++) {
312         moab::EntityHandle corner = startv + genCtx.q * ii + genCtx.q * jj * genCtx.ystride + genCtx.q * kk * genCtx.zstride;
313 
314         std::pair<PetscInt, PetscInt> entoffset = DMMoab_SetElementConnectivity_Private(genCtx, ix, corner, conn);
315 
316         for (PetscInt j = 0; j < entoffset.second; j++) {
317           /* The entity handle for the particular element -> if we want to set some tags is
318              moab::EntityHandle eh = starte + ie + j;
319           */
320           gids[ie + j] = 1 + ((xe + ii) + (ye + jj) * genCtx.nex + (ze + kk) * (genCtx.nex * genCtx.ney));
321           /* gids[ie+j] = ie + j + ((xe + ii) + (ye + jj) * genCtx.nex + (ze + kk) * (genCtx.nex * genCtx.ney)); */
322           /* gids[ie+j] = 1 + ie; */
323           /* ie++; */
324         }
325 
326         ix += entoffset.first;
327         ie += entoffset.second;
328       }
329     }
330   }
331   if (genCtx.adjEnts) { /* we need to update adjacencies now, because some elements are new */
332     merr = iface->update_adjacencies(starte, nelems, nvperelem, conn);
333     MBERR("Can't update adjacencies", merr);
334   }
335   tmp.swap(cells);
336   merr = mbImpl->tag_set_data(global_id_tag, cells, &gids[0]);
337   MBERR("Can't set global ids to elements.", merr);
338   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
339 }
340 
341 PetscErrorCode DMMBUtil_InitializeOptions(DMMoabMeshGeneratorCtx &genCtx, PetscInt dim, PetscBool simplex, PetscInt rank, PetscInt nprocs, const PetscReal *bounds, PetscInt nelems)
342 {
343   PetscFunctionBegin;
344   /* Initialize all genCtx data */
345   genCtx.dim            = dim;
346   genCtx.simplex        = simplex;
347   genCtx.newMergeMethod = genCtx.keep_skins = genCtx.adjEnts = true;
348   /* determine other global quantities for the mesh used for nodes increments */
349   genCtx.q        = 1;
350   genCtx.fraction = genCtx.remainder = genCtx.cumfraction = 0;
351 
352   if (!genCtx.usrxyzgrid) { /* not overridden by genCtx - assume nele equally and that genCtx wants a uniform cube mesh */
353 
354     genCtx.fraction    = nelems / nprocs; /* partition only by the largest dimension */
355     genCtx.remainder   = nelems % nprocs; /* remainder after partition which gets evenly distributed by round-robin */
356     genCtx.cumfraction = (rank > 0 ? (genCtx.fraction) * (rank) + (rank - 1 < genCtx.remainder ? rank : genCtx.remainder) : 0);
357     if (rank < genCtx.remainder) /* This process gets "fraction+1" elements */
358       genCtx.fraction++;
359 
360     PetscCall(PetscInfo(NULL, "Fraction = %" PetscInt_FMT ", Remainder = %" PetscInt_FMT ", Cumulative fraction = %" PetscInt_FMT "\n", genCtx.fraction, genCtx.remainder, genCtx.cumfraction));
361     switch (genCtx.dim) {
362     case 1:
363       genCtx.blockSizeElementXYZ[0] = genCtx.fraction;
364       genCtx.blockSizeElementXYZ[1] = 1;
365       genCtx.blockSizeElementXYZ[2] = 1;
366       break;
367     case 2:
368       genCtx.blockSizeElementXYZ[0] = nelems;
369       genCtx.blockSizeElementXYZ[1] = genCtx.fraction;
370       genCtx.blockSizeElementXYZ[2] = 1;
371       break;
372     case 3:
373     default:
374       genCtx.blockSizeElementXYZ[0] = nelems;
375       genCtx.blockSizeElementXYZ[1] = nelems;
376       genCtx.blockSizeElementXYZ[2] = genCtx.fraction;
377       break;
378     }
379   }
380 
381   /* partition only by the largest dimension */
382   /* Total number of local elements := genCtx.blockSizeElementXYZ[0]*(genCtx.dim>1? genCtx.blockSizeElementXYZ[1]*(genCtx.dim>2 ? genCtx.blockSizeElementXYZ[2]:1) :1); */
383   if (bounds) {
384     for (PetscInt i = 0; i < 6; i++) genCtx.xyzbounds[i] = bounds[i];
385   } else {
386     genCtx.xyzbounds[0] = genCtx.xyzbounds[2] = genCtx.xyzbounds[4] = 0.0;
387     genCtx.xyzbounds[1] = genCtx.xyzbounds[3] = genCtx.xyzbounds[5] = 1.0;
388   }
389 
390   if (!genCtx.usrprocgrid) {
391     switch (genCtx.dim) {
392     case 1:
393       genCtx.M = nprocs;
394       genCtx.N = genCtx.K = 1;
395       break;
396     case 2:
397       genCtx.N = nprocs;
398       genCtx.M = genCtx.K = 1;
399       break;
400     default:
401       genCtx.K = nprocs;
402       genCtx.M = genCtx.N = 1;
403       break;
404     }
405   }
406 
407   if (!genCtx.usrrefgrid) genCtx.A = genCtx.B = genCtx.C = 1;
408 
409   /* more default values */
410   genCtx.nex = genCtx.ney = genCtx.nez = 0;
411   genCtx.xstride = genCtx.ystride = genCtx.zstride = 0;
412   genCtx.NX = genCtx.NY = genCtx.NZ = 0;
413   genCtx.nex = genCtx.ney = genCtx.nez = 0;
414   genCtx.blockSizeVertexXYZ[0] = genCtx.blockSizeVertexXYZ[1] = genCtx.blockSizeVertexXYZ[2] = 1;
415 
416   switch (genCtx.dim) {
417   case 3:
418     genCtx.blockSizeVertexXYZ[0] = genCtx.q * genCtx.blockSizeElementXYZ[0] + 1;
419     genCtx.blockSizeVertexXYZ[1] = genCtx.q * genCtx.blockSizeElementXYZ[1] + 1;
420     genCtx.blockSizeVertexXYZ[2] = genCtx.q * genCtx.blockSizeElementXYZ[2] + 1;
421 
422     genCtx.nex     = genCtx.M * genCtx.A * genCtx.blockSizeElementXYZ[0];               /* number of elements in x direction, used for global id on element */
423     genCtx.dx      = (genCtx.xyzbounds[1] - genCtx.xyzbounds[0]) / (nelems * genCtx.q); /* distance between 2 nodes in x direction */
424     genCtx.NX      = (genCtx.q * genCtx.nex + 1);
425     genCtx.xstride = 1;
426     genCtx.ney     = genCtx.N * genCtx.B * genCtx.blockSizeElementXYZ[1];               /* number of elements in y direction  .... */
427     genCtx.dy      = (genCtx.xyzbounds[3] - genCtx.xyzbounds[2]) / (nelems * genCtx.q); /* distance between 2 nodes in y direction */
428     genCtx.NY      = (genCtx.q * genCtx.ney + 1);
429     genCtx.ystride = genCtx.blockSizeVertexXYZ[0];
430     genCtx.nez     = genCtx.K * genCtx.C * genCtx.blockSizeElementXYZ[2];               /* number of elements in z direction  .... */
431     genCtx.dz      = (genCtx.xyzbounds[5] - genCtx.xyzbounds[4]) / (nelems * genCtx.q); /* distance between 2 nodes in z direction */
432     genCtx.NZ      = (genCtx.q * genCtx.nez + 1);
433     genCtx.zstride = genCtx.blockSizeVertexXYZ[0] * genCtx.blockSizeVertexXYZ[1];
434     break;
435   case 2:
436     genCtx.blockSizeVertexXYZ[0] = genCtx.q * genCtx.blockSizeElementXYZ[0] + 1;
437     genCtx.blockSizeVertexXYZ[1] = genCtx.q * genCtx.blockSizeElementXYZ[1] + 1;
438     genCtx.blockSizeVertexXYZ[2] = 0;
439 
440     genCtx.nex     = genCtx.M * genCtx.A * genCtx.blockSizeElementXYZ[0];                   /* number of elements in x direction, used for global id on element */
441     genCtx.dx      = (genCtx.xyzbounds[1] - genCtx.xyzbounds[0]) / (genCtx.nex * genCtx.q); /* distance between 2 nodes in x direction */
442     genCtx.NX      = (genCtx.q * genCtx.nex + 1);
443     genCtx.xstride = 1;
444     genCtx.ney     = genCtx.N * genCtx.B * genCtx.blockSizeElementXYZ[1];               /* number of elements in y direction  .... */
445     genCtx.dy      = (genCtx.xyzbounds[3] - genCtx.xyzbounds[2]) / (nelems * genCtx.q); /* distance between 2 nodes in y direction */
446     genCtx.NY      = (genCtx.q * genCtx.ney + 1);
447     genCtx.ystride = genCtx.blockSizeVertexXYZ[0];
448     break;
449   case 1:
450     genCtx.blockSizeVertexXYZ[1] = genCtx.blockSizeVertexXYZ[2] = 0;
451     genCtx.blockSizeVertexXYZ[0]                                = genCtx.q * genCtx.blockSizeElementXYZ[0] + 1;
452 
453     genCtx.nex     = genCtx.M * genCtx.A * genCtx.blockSizeElementXYZ[0];               /* number of elements in x direction, used for global id on element */
454     genCtx.dx      = (genCtx.xyzbounds[1] - genCtx.xyzbounds[0]) / (nelems * genCtx.q); /* distance between 2 nodes in x direction */
455     genCtx.NX      = (genCtx.q * genCtx.nex + 1);
456     genCtx.xstride = 1;
457     break;
458   }
459 
460   /* Lets check for some valid input */
461   PetscCheck(genCtx.dim >= 1 && genCtx.dim <= 3, PETSC_COMM_WORLD, PETSC_ERR_ARG_OUTOFRANGE, "Invalid topological dimension specified: %" PetscInt_FMT ".", genCtx.dim);
462   PetscCheck(genCtx.M * genCtx.N * genCtx.K == nprocs, PETSC_COMM_WORLD, PETSC_ERR_ARG_OUTOFRANGE, "Invalid [m, n, k] data: %" PetscInt_FMT ", %" PetscInt_FMT ", %" PetscInt_FMT ". Product must be equal to global size = %" PetscInt_FMT ".", genCtx.M,
463              genCtx.N, genCtx.K, nprocs);
464   /* validate the bounds data */
465   PetscCheck(genCtx.xyzbounds[0] < genCtx.xyzbounds[1], PETSC_COMM_WORLD, PETSC_ERR_ARG_OUTOFRANGE, "X-dim: Left boundary cannot be greater than right. [%G >= %G]", genCtx.xyzbounds[0], genCtx.xyzbounds[1]);
466   PetscCheck(genCtx.dim <= 1 || genCtx.xyzbounds[2] < genCtx.xyzbounds[3], PETSC_COMM_WORLD, PETSC_ERR_ARG_OUTOFRANGE, "Y-dim: Left boundary cannot be greater than right. [%G >= %G]", genCtx.xyzbounds[2], genCtx.xyzbounds[3]);
467   PetscCheck(genCtx.dim <= 2 || genCtx.xyzbounds[4] < genCtx.xyzbounds[5], PETSC_COMM_WORLD, PETSC_ERR_ARG_OUTOFRANGE, "Z-dim: Left boundary cannot be greater than right. [%G >= %G]", genCtx.xyzbounds[4], genCtx.xyzbounds[5]);
468 
469   PetscCall(PetscInfo(NULL, "Local elements:= %" PetscInt_FMT ", %" PetscInt_FMT ", %" PetscInt_FMT "\n", genCtx.blockSizeElementXYZ[0], genCtx.blockSizeElementXYZ[1], genCtx.blockSizeElementXYZ[2]));
470   PetscCall(PetscInfo(NULL, "Local vertices:= %" PetscInt_FMT ", %" PetscInt_FMT ", %" PetscInt_FMT "\n", genCtx.blockSizeVertexXYZ[0], genCtx.blockSizeVertexXYZ[1], genCtx.blockSizeVertexXYZ[2]));
471   PetscCall(PetscInfo(NULL, "Local blocks/processors := %" PetscInt_FMT ", %" PetscInt_FMT ", %" PetscInt_FMT "\n", genCtx.A, genCtx.B, genCtx.C));
472   PetscCall(PetscInfo(NULL, "Local processors := %" PetscInt_FMT ", %" PetscInt_FMT ", %" PetscInt_FMT "\n", genCtx.M, genCtx.N, genCtx.K));
473   PetscCall(PetscInfo(NULL, "Local nexyz:= %" PetscInt_FMT ", %" PetscInt_FMT ", %" PetscInt_FMT "\n", genCtx.nex, genCtx.ney, genCtx.nez));
474   PetscCall(PetscInfo(NULL, "Local delxyz:= %g, %g, %g\n", genCtx.dx, genCtx.dy, genCtx.dz));
475   PetscCall(PetscInfo(NULL, "Local strides:= %" PetscInt_FMT ", %" PetscInt_FMT ", %" PetscInt_FMT "\n", genCtx.xstride, genCtx.ystride, genCtx.zstride));
476   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
477 }
478 
479 /*@C
480   DMMoabCreateBoxMesh - Creates a mesh on the tensor product (box) of intervals with genCtx specified bounds.
481 
482   Collective
483 
484   Input Parameters:
485 + comm - The communicator for the DM object
486 . dim - The spatial dimension
487 . bounds - The bounds of the box specified with [x-left, x-right, y-bottom, y-top, z-bottom, z-top] depending on the spatial dimension
488 . nele - The number of discrete elements in each direction
489 - user_nghost - The number of ghosted layers needed in the partitioned mesh
490 
491   Output Parameter:
492 . dm  - The DM object
493 
494   Level: beginner
495 
496 .seealso: `DMSetType()`, `DMCreate()`, `DMMoabLoadFromFile()`
497 @*/
498 PetscErrorCode DMMoabCreateBoxMesh(MPI_Comm comm, PetscInt dim, PetscBool useSimplex, const PetscReal *bounds, PetscInt nele, PetscInt nghost, DM *dm)
499 {
500   moab::ErrorCode  merr;
501   PetscInt         a, b, c, n, global_size, global_rank;
502   DM_Moab         *dmmoab;
503   moab::Interface *mbImpl;
504 #ifdef MOAB_HAVE_MPI
505   moab::ParallelComm *pcomm;
506 #endif
507   moab::ReadUtilIface   *readMeshIface;
508   moab::Range            verts, cells, edges, faces, adj, dim3, dim2;
509   DMMoabMeshGeneratorCtx genCtx;
510   const PetscInt         npts = nele + 1; /* Number of points in every dimension */
511 
512   moab::Tag          global_id_tag, part_tag, geom_tag, mat_tag, dir_tag, neu_tag;
513   moab::Range        ownedvtx, ownedelms, localvtxs, localelms;
514   moab::EntityHandle regionset;
515   PetscInt           ml = 0, nl = 0, kl = 0;
516 
517   PetscFunctionBegin;
518   PetscCheck(dim >= 1 && dim <= 3, PETSC_COMM_WORLD, PETSC_ERR_ARG_OUTOFRANGE, "Invalid dimension argument for mesh: dim=[1,3].");
519 
520   PetscCall(PetscLogEventRegister("GenerateMesh", DM_CLASSID, &genCtx.generateMesh));
521   PetscCall(PetscLogEventRegister("AddVertices", DM_CLASSID, &genCtx.generateVertices));
522   PetscCall(PetscLogEventRegister("AddElements", DM_CLASSID, &genCtx.generateElements));
523   PetscCall(PetscLogEventRegister("ParResolve", DM_CLASSID, &genCtx.parResolve));
524   PetscCall(PetscLogEventBegin(genCtx.generateMesh, 0, 0, 0, 0));
525   PetscCallMPI(MPI_Comm_size(comm, &global_size));
526   /* total number of vertices in all dimensions */
527   n = pow(npts, dim);
528 
529   /* do some error checking */
530   PetscCheck(n >= 2, PETSC_COMM_WORLD, PETSC_ERR_ARG_OUTOFRANGE, "Number of points must be >= 2.");
531   PetscCheck(global_size <= n, PETSC_COMM_WORLD, PETSC_ERR_ARG_OUTOFRANGE, "Number of processors must be less than or equal to number of elements.");
532   PetscCheck(nghost >= 0, PETSC_COMM_WORLD, PETSC_ERR_ARG_OUTOFRANGE, "Number of ghost layers cannot be negative.");
533 
534   /* Create the basic DMMoab object and keep the default parameters created by DM impls */
535   PetscCall(DMMoabCreateMoab(comm, NULL, NULL, NULL, dm));
536 
537   /* get all the necessary handles from the private DM object */
538   dmmoab = (DM_Moab *)(*dm)->data;
539   mbImpl = dmmoab->mbiface;
540 #ifdef MOAB_HAVE_MPI
541   pcomm       = dmmoab->pcomm;
542   global_rank = pcomm->rank();
543 #else
544   global_rank = 0;
545   global_size = 1;
546 #endif
547   global_id_tag       = dmmoab->ltog_tag;
548   dmmoab->dim         = dim;
549   dmmoab->nghostrings = nghost;
550   dmmoab->refct       = 1;
551 
552   /* create a file set to associate all entities in current mesh */
553   merr = mbImpl->create_meshset(moab::MESHSET_SET, dmmoab->fileset);
554   MBERR("Creating file set failed", merr);
555 
556   /* No errors yet; proceed with building the mesh */
557   merr = mbImpl->query_interface(readMeshIface);
558   MBERRNM(merr);
559 
560   genCtx.M = genCtx.N = genCtx.K = 1;
561   genCtx.A = genCtx.B = genCtx.C = 1;
562   genCtx.blockSizeElementXYZ[0]  = 0;
563   genCtx.blockSizeElementXYZ[1]  = 0;
564   genCtx.blockSizeElementXYZ[2]  = 0;
565 
566   PetscOptionsBegin(comm, "", "DMMoab Creation Options", "DMMOAB");
567   /* Handle DMMoab spatial resolution */
568   PetscCall(PetscOptionsInt("-dmb_grid_x", "Number of grid points in x direction", "DMMoabSetSizes", genCtx.blockSizeElementXYZ[0], &genCtx.blockSizeElementXYZ[0], &genCtx.usrxyzgrid));
569   if (dim > 1) PetscCall(PetscOptionsInt("-dmb_grid_y", "Number of grid points in y direction", "DMMoabSetSizes", genCtx.blockSizeElementXYZ[1], &genCtx.blockSizeElementXYZ[1], &genCtx.usrxyzgrid));
570   if (dim > 2) PetscCall(PetscOptionsInt("-dmb_grid_z", "Number of grid points in z direction", "DMMoabSetSizes", genCtx.blockSizeElementXYZ[2], &genCtx.blockSizeElementXYZ[2], &genCtx.usrxyzgrid));
571 
572   /* Handle DMMoab parallel distribution */
573   PetscCall(PetscOptionsInt("-dmb_processors_x", "Number of processors in x direction", "DMMoabSetNumProcs", genCtx.M, &genCtx.M, &genCtx.usrprocgrid));
574   if (dim > 1) PetscCall(PetscOptionsInt("-dmb_processors_y", "Number of processors in y direction", "DMMoabSetNumProcs", genCtx.N, &genCtx.N, &genCtx.usrprocgrid));
575   if (dim > 2) PetscCall(PetscOptionsInt("-dmb_processors_z", "Number of processors in z direction", "DMMoabSetNumProcs", genCtx.K, &genCtx.K, &genCtx.usrprocgrid));
576 
577   /* Handle DMMoab block refinement */
578   PetscCall(PetscOptionsInt("-dmb_refine_x", "Number of refinement blocks in x direction", "DMMoabSetRefinement", genCtx.A, &genCtx.A, &genCtx.usrrefgrid));
579   if (dim > 1) PetscCall(PetscOptionsInt("-dmb_refine_y", "Number of refinement blocks in y direction", "DMMoabSetRefinement", genCtx.B, &genCtx.B, &genCtx.usrrefgrid));
580   if (dim > 2) PetscCall(PetscOptionsInt("-dmb_refine_z", "Number of refinement blocks in z direction", "DMMoabSetRefinement", genCtx.C, &genCtx.C, &genCtx.usrrefgrid));
581   PetscOptionsEnd();
582 
583   PetscCall(DMMBUtil_InitializeOptions(genCtx, dim, useSimplex, global_rank, global_size, bounds, nele));
584 
585   //PetscCheck(nele>=nprocs,PETSC_COMM_WORLD,PETSC_ERR_ARG_OUTOFRANGE,"The dimensional discretization size should be greater or equal to number of processors: %" PetscInt_FMT " < %" PetscInt_FMT,nele,nprocs);
586 
587   if (genCtx.adjEnts) genCtx.keep_skins = true; /* do not delete anything - consumes more memory */
588 
589   /* determine m, n, k for processor rank */
590   ml = nl = kl = 0;
591   switch (genCtx.dim) {
592   case 1:
593     ml = (genCtx.cumfraction);
594     break;
595   case 2:
596     nl = (genCtx.cumfraction);
597     break;
598   default:
599     kl = (genCtx.cumfraction) / genCtx.q / genCtx.blockSizeElementXYZ[2] / genCtx.C; //genCtx.K
600     break;
601   }
602 
603   /*
604    * so there are a total of M * A * blockSizeElement elements in x direction (so M * A * blockSizeElement + 1 verts in x direction)
605    * so there are a total of N * B * blockSizeElement elements in y direction (so N * B * blockSizeElement + 1 verts in y direction)
606    * so there are a total of K * C * blockSizeElement elements in z direction (so K * C * blockSizeElement + 1 verts in z direction)
607 
608    * there are ( M * A blockSizeElement)      *  ( N * B * blockSizeElement)      * (K * C * blockSizeElement)    hexas
609    * there are ( M * A * blockSizeElement + 1) *  ( N * B * blockSizeElement + 1) * (K * C * blockSizeElement + 1) vertices
610    * x is the first dimension that varies
611    */
612 
613   /* generate the block at (a, b, c); it will represent a partition , it will get a partition tag */
614   PetscInt dum_id = -1;
615   merr            = mbImpl->tag_get_handle("GLOBAL_ID", 1, moab::MB_TYPE_INTEGER, global_id_tag);
616   MBERR("Getting Global_ID Tag handle failed", merr);
617 
618   merr = mbImpl->tag_get_handle(MATERIAL_SET_TAG_NAME, 1, moab::MB_TYPE_INTEGER, mat_tag);
619   MBERR("Getting Material set Tag handle failed", merr);
620   merr = mbImpl->tag_get_handle(DIRICHLET_SET_TAG_NAME, 1, moab::MB_TYPE_INTEGER, dir_tag);
621   MBERR("Getting Dirichlet set Tag handle failed", merr);
622   merr = mbImpl->tag_get_handle(NEUMANN_SET_TAG_NAME, 1, moab::MB_TYPE_INTEGER, neu_tag);
623   MBERR("Getting Neumann set Tag handle failed", merr);
624 
625   merr = mbImpl->tag_get_handle("PARALLEL_PARTITION", 1, moab::MB_TYPE_INTEGER, part_tag, moab::MB_TAG_CREAT | moab::MB_TAG_SPARSE, &dum_id);
626   MBERR("Getting Partition Tag handle failed", merr);
627 
628   /* lets create some sets */
629   merr = mbImpl->tag_get_handle(GEOM_DIMENSION_TAG_NAME, 1, moab::MB_TYPE_INTEGER, geom_tag, moab::MB_TAG_CREAT | moab::MB_TAG_SPARSE, &dum_id);
630   MBERRNM(merr);
631   merr = mbImpl->create_meshset(moab::MESHSET_SET, regionset);
632   MBERRNM(merr);
633   PetscCall(PetscLogEventEnd(genCtx.generateMesh, 0, 0, 0, 0));
634 
635   for (a = 0; a < (genCtx.dim > 0 ? genCtx.A : genCtx.A); a++) {
636     for (b = 0; b < (genCtx.dim > 1 ? genCtx.B : 1); b++) {
637       for (c = 0; c < (genCtx.dim > 2 ? genCtx.C : 1); c++) {
638         moab::EntityHandle startv;
639 
640         PetscCall(PetscLogEventBegin(genCtx.generateVertices, 0, 0, 0, 0));
641         PetscCall(DMMoab_GenerateVertices_Private(mbImpl, readMeshIface, genCtx, ml, nl, kl, a, b, c, global_id_tag, startv, verts));
642         PetscCall(PetscLogEventEnd(genCtx.generateVertices, 0, 0, 0, 0));
643 
644         PetscCall(PetscLogEventBegin(genCtx.generateElements, 0, 0, 0, 0));
645         PetscCall(DMMoab_GenerateElements_Private(mbImpl, readMeshIface, genCtx, ml, nl, kl, a, b, c, global_id_tag, startv, cells));
646         PetscCall(PetscLogEventEnd(genCtx.generateElements, 0, 0, 0, 0));
647 
648         PetscInt part_num = 0;
649         switch (genCtx.dim) {
650         case 3:
651           part_num += (c + kl * genCtx.C) * (genCtx.M * genCtx.A * genCtx.N * genCtx.B);
652         case 2:
653           part_num += (b + nl * genCtx.B) * (genCtx.M * genCtx.A);
654         case 1:
655           part_num += (a + ml * genCtx.A);
656           break;
657         }
658 
659         moab::EntityHandle part_set;
660         merr = mbImpl->create_meshset(moab::MESHSET_SET, part_set);
661         MBERR("Can't create mesh set.", merr);
662 
663         merr = mbImpl->add_entities(part_set, verts);
664         MBERR("Can't add vertices to set.", merr);
665         merr = mbImpl->add_entities(part_set, cells);
666         MBERR("Can't add entities to set.", merr);
667         merr = mbImpl->add_entities(regionset, cells);
668         MBERR("Can't add entities to set.", merr);
669 
670         /* if needed, add all edges and faces */
671         if (genCtx.adjEnts) {
672           if (genCtx.dim > 1) {
673             merr = mbImpl->get_adjacencies(cells, 1, true, edges, moab::Interface::UNION);
674             MBERR("Can't get edges", merr);
675             merr = mbImpl->add_entities(part_set, edges);
676             MBERR("Can't add edges to partition set.", merr);
677           }
678           if (genCtx.dim > 2) {
679             merr = mbImpl->get_adjacencies(cells, 2, true, faces, moab::Interface::UNION);
680             MBERR("Can't get faces", merr);
681             merr = mbImpl->add_entities(part_set, faces);
682             MBERR("Can't add faces to partition set.", merr);
683           }
684           edges.clear();
685           faces.clear();
686         }
687         verts.clear();
688         cells.clear();
689 
690         merr = mbImpl->tag_set_data(part_tag, &part_set, 1, &part_num);
691         MBERR("Can't set part tag on set", merr);
692         if (dmmoab->fileset) {
693           merr = mbImpl->add_parent_child(dmmoab->fileset, part_set);
694           MBERR("Can't add part set to file set.", merr);
695           merr = mbImpl->unite_meshset(dmmoab->fileset, part_set);
696           MBERRNM(merr);
697         }
698         merr = mbImpl->add_entities(dmmoab->fileset, &part_set, 1);
699         MBERRNM(merr);
700       }
701     }
702   }
703 
704   merr = mbImpl->add_parent_child(dmmoab->fileset, regionset);
705   MBERRNM(merr);
706 
707   /* Only in parallel: resolve shared entities between processors and exchange ghost layers */
708   if (global_size > 1) {
709     PetscCall(PetscLogEventBegin(genCtx.parResolve, 0, 0, 0, 0));
710 
711     merr = mbImpl->get_entities_by_dimension(dmmoab->fileset, genCtx.dim, cells);
712     MBERR("Can't get all d-dimensional elements.", merr);
713     merr = mbImpl->get_entities_by_dimension(dmmoab->fileset, 0, verts);
714     MBERR("Can't get all vertices.", merr);
715 
716     if (genCtx.A * genCtx.B * genCtx.C != 1) { //  merge needed
717       moab::MergeMesh mm(mbImpl);
718       if (genCtx.newMergeMethod) {
719         merr = mm.merge_using_integer_tag(verts, global_id_tag);
720         MBERR("Can't merge with GLOBAL_ID tag", merr);
721       } else {
722         merr = mm.merge_entities(cells, 0.0001);
723         MBERR("Can't merge with coordinates", merr);
724       }
725     }
726 
727 #ifdef MOAB_HAVE_MPI
728     /* check the handles */
729     merr = pcomm->check_all_shared_handles();
730     MBERRV(mbImpl, merr);
731 
732     /* resolve the shared entities by exchanging information to adjacent processors */
733     merr = pcomm->resolve_shared_ents(dmmoab->fileset, cells, dim, dim - 1, NULL, &global_id_tag);
734     MBERRV(mbImpl, merr);
735     if (dmmoab->fileset) {
736       merr = pcomm->exchange_ghost_cells(dim, 0, nghost, dim, true, false, &dmmoab->fileset);
737       MBERRV(mbImpl, merr);
738     } else {
739       merr = pcomm->exchange_ghost_cells(dim, 0, nghost, dim, true, false);
740       MBERRV(mbImpl, merr);
741     }
742 
743     /* Reassign global IDs on all entities. */
744     merr = pcomm->assign_global_ids(dmmoab->fileset, dim, 1, false, true, false);
745     MBERRNM(merr);
746 #endif
747 
748     PetscCall(PetscLogEventEnd(genCtx.parResolve, 0, 0, 0, 0));
749   }
750 
751   if (!genCtx.keep_skins) { // default is to delete the 1- and 2-dimensional entities
752     // delete all quads and edges
753     moab::Range toDelete;
754     if (genCtx.dim > 1) {
755       merr = mbImpl->get_entities_by_dimension(dmmoab->fileset, 1, toDelete);
756       MBERR("Can't get edges", merr);
757     }
758 
759     if (genCtx.dim > 2) {
760       merr = mbImpl->get_entities_by_dimension(dmmoab->fileset, 2, toDelete);
761       MBERR("Can't get faces", merr);
762     }
763 
764 #ifdef MOAB_HAVE_MPI
765     merr = dmmoab->pcomm->delete_entities(toDelete);
766     MBERR("Can't delete entities", merr);
767 #endif
768   }
769 
770   /* set geometric dimension tag for regions */
771   merr = mbImpl->tag_set_data(geom_tag, &regionset, 1, &dmmoab->dim);
772   MBERRNM(merr);
773   /* set default material ID for regions */
774   int default_material = 1;
775   merr                 = mbImpl->tag_set_data(mat_tag, &regionset, 1, &default_material);
776   MBERRNM(merr);
777   /*
778     int default_dbc = 0;
779     merr = mbImpl->tag_set_data(dir_tag, &vertexset, 1, &default_dbc);MBERRNM(merr);
780   */
781   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
782 }
783 
784 PetscErrorCode DMMoab_GetReadOptions_Private(PetscBool by_rank, PetscInt numproc, PetscInt dim, PetscInt nghost, MoabReadMode mode, PetscInt dbglevel, const char *dm_opts, const char *extra_opts, const char **read_opts)
785 {
786   char *ropts;
787   char  ropts_par[PETSC_MAX_PATH_LEN], ropts_pargh[PETSC_MAX_PATH_LEN];
788   char  ropts_dbg[PETSC_MAX_PATH_LEN];
789 
790   PetscFunctionBegin;
791   PetscCall(PetscMalloc1(PETSC_MAX_PATH_LEN, &ropts));
792   PetscCall(PetscMemzero(&ropts_par, PETSC_MAX_PATH_LEN));
793   PetscCall(PetscMemzero(&ropts_pargh, PETSC_MAX_PATH_LEN));
794   PetscCall(PetscMemzero(&ropts_dbg, PETSC_MAX_PATH_LEN));
795 
796   /* do parallel read unless using only one processor */
797   if (numproc > 1) {
798     // PetscCall(PetscSNPrintf(ropts_par, PETSC_MAX_PATH_LEN, "PARALLEL=%s;PARTITION=PARALLEL_PARTITION;PARTITION_DISTRIBUTE;PARALLEL_RESOLVE_SHARED_ENTS;PARALLEL_GHOSTS=%d.0.1%s;",MoabReadModes[mode],dim,(by_rank ? ";PARTITION_BY_RANK":"")));
799     PetscCall(PetscSNPrintf(ropts_par, PETSC_MAX_PATH_LEN, "PARALLEL=%s;PARTITION=PARALLEL_PARTITION;PARTITION_DISTRIBUTE;PARALLEL_RESOLVE_SHARED_ENTS;%s", MoabReadModes[mode], (by_rank ? "PARTITION_BY_RANK;" : "")));
800     if (nghost) PetscCall(PetscSNPrintf(ropts_pargh, PETSC_MAX_PATH_LEN, "PARALLEL_GHOSTS=%" PetscInt_FMT ".0.%" PetscInt_FMT ";", dim, nghost));
801   }
802 
803   if (dbglevel) {
804     if (numproc > 1) {
805       PetscCall(PetscSNPrintf(ropts_dbg, PETSC_MAX_PATH_LEN, "CPUTIME;DEBUG_IO=%" PetscInt_FMT ";DEBUG_PIO=%" PetscInt_FMT ";", dbglevel, dbglevel));
806     } else PetscCall(PetscSNPrintf(ropts_dbg, PETSC_MAX_PATH_LEN, "CPUTIME;DEBUG_IO=%" PetscInt_FMT ";", dbglevel));
807   }
808 
809   PetscCall(PetscSNPrintf(ropts, PETSC_MAX_PATH_LEN, "%s%s%s%s%s", ropts_par, (nghost ? ropts_pargh : ""), ropts_dbg, (extra_opts ? extra_opts : ""), (dm_opts ? dm_opts : "")));
810   *read_opts = ropts;
811   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
812 }
813 
814 /*@C
815   DMMoabLoadFromFile - Creates a DM object by loading the mesh from a user specified file.
816 
817   Collective
818 
819   Input Parameters:
820 + comm - The communicator for the DM object
821 . dim - The spatial dimension
822 . filename - The name of the mesh file to be loaded
823 - usrreadopts - The options string to read a MOAB mesh.
824 
825   Reference (Parallel Mesh Initialization: https://www.mcs.anl.gov/~fathom/moab-docs/html/contents.html#fivetwo)
826 
827   Output Parameter:
828 . dm  - The DM object
829 
830   Level: beginner
831 
832 .seealso: `DMSetType()`, `DMCreate()`, `DMMoabCreateBoxMesh()`
833 @*/
834 PetscErrorCode DMMoabLoadFromFile(MPI_Comm comm, PetscInt dim, PetscInt nghost, const char *filename, const char *usrreadopts, DM *dm)
835 {
836   moab::ErrorCode  merr;
837   PetscInt         nprocs;
838   DM_Moab         *dmmoab;
839   moab::Interface *mbiface;
840 #ifdef MOAB_HAVE_MPI
841   moab::ParallelComm *pcomm;
842 #endif
843   moab::Range verts, elems;
844   const char *readopts;
845 
846   PetscFunctionBegin;
847   PetscValidPointer(dm, 6);
848 
849   /* Create the basic DMMoab object and keep the default parameters created by DM impls */
850   PetscCall(DMMoabCreateMoab(comm, NULL, NULL, NULL, dm));
851 
852   /* get all the necessary handles from the private DM object */
853   dmmoab  = (DM_Moab *)(*dm)->data;
854   mbiface = dmmoab->mbiface;
855 #ifdef MOAB_HAVE_MPI
856   pcomm  = dmmoab->pcomm;
857   nprocs = pcomm->size();
858 #else
859   nprocs      = 1;
860 #endif
861   /* TODO: Decipher dimension based on the loaded mesh instead of getting from user */
862   dmmoab->dim         = dim;
863   dmmoab->nghostrings = nghost;
864   dmmoab->refct       = 1;
865 
866   /* create a file set to associate all entities in current mesh */
867   merr = dmmoab->mbiface->create_meshset(moab::MESHSET_SET, dmmoab->fileset);
868   MBERR("Creating file set failed", merr);
869 
870   /* add mesh loading options specific to the DM */
871   PetscCall(DMMoab_GetReadOptions_Private(dmmoab->partition_by_rank, nprocs, dim, nghost, dmmoab->read_mode, dmmoab->rw_dbglevel, dmmoab->extra_read_options, usrreadopts, &readopts));
872 
873   PetscCall(PetscInfo(*dm, "Reading file %s with options: %s\n", filename, readopts));
874 
875   /* Load the mesh from a file. */
876   if (dmmoab->fileset) {
877     merr = mbiface->load_file(filename, &dmmoab->fileset, readopts);
878     MBERRVM(mbiface, "Reading MOAB file failed.", merr);
879   } else {
880     merr = mbiface->load_file(filename, 0, readopts);
881     MBERRVM(mbiface, "Reading MOAB file failed.", merr);
882   }
883 
884 #ifdef MOAB_HAVE_MPI
885   /* Reassign global IDs on all entities. */
886   /* merr = pcomm->assign_global_ids(dmmoab->fileset, dim, 1, true, true, true);MBERRNM(merr); */
887 #endif
888 
889   /* load the local vertices */
890   merr = mbiface->get_entities_by_type(dmmoab->fileset, moab::MBVERTEX, verts, true);
891   MBERRNM(merr);
892   /* load the local elements */
893   merr = mbiface->get_entities_by_dimension(dmmoab->fileset, dim, elems, true);
894   MBERRNM(merr);
895 
896 #ifdef MOAB_HAVE_MPI
897   /* Everything is set up, now just do a tag exchange to update tags
898      on all of the ghost vertexes */
899   merr = pcomm->exchange_tags(dmmoab->ltog_tag, verts);
900   MBERRV(mbiface, merr);
901   merr = pcomm->exchange_tags(dmmoab->ltog_tag, elems);
902   MBERRV(mbiface, merr);
903   merr = pcomm->collective_sync_partition();
904   MBERR("Collective sync failed", merr);
905 #endif
906 
907   PetscCall(PetscInfo(*dm, "MOAB file '%s' was successfully loaded. Found %zu vertices and %zu elements.\n", filename, verts.size(), elems.size()));
908   PetscCall(PetscFree(readopts));
909   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
910 }
911 
912 /*@C
913   DMMoabRenumberMeshEntities - Order and number all entities (vertices->elements) to be contiguously ordered
914   in parallel
915 
916   Collective
917 
918   Input Parameters:
919 . dm  - The DM object
920 
921   Level: advanced
922 
923 .seealso: `DMSetUp()`, `DMCreate()`
924 @*/
925 PetscErrorCode DMMoabRenumberMeshEntities(DM dm)
926 {
927   moab::Range verts;
928 
929   PetscFunctionBegin;
930   PetscValidHeaderSpecific(dm, DM_CLASSID, 1);
931 
932 #ifdef MOAB_HAVE_MPI
933   /* Insert new points */
934   moab::ErrorCode merr;
935   merr = ((DM_Moab *)dm->data)->pcomm->assign_global_ids(((DM_Moab *)dm->data)->fileset, 3, 0, false, true, false);
936   MBERRNM(merr);
937 #endif
938   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
939 }
940