xref: /petsc/src/dm/impls/plex/plexcreate.c (revision 6113b4542af7371eb509ce9949a149bedab1a29f)

#define PETSCDM_DLL
#include <petsc-private/dmpleximpl.h>    /*I   "petscdmplex.h"   I*/
#include <petscdmda.h>
#include <petscsf.h>

#undef __FUNCT__
#define __FUNCT__ "DMSetFromOptions_Plex"
PetscErrorCode  DMSetFromOptions_Plex(DM dm)
{
  DM_Plex        *mesh = (DM_Plex*) dm->data;
  PetscErrorCode ierr;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  PetscValidHeaderSpecific(dm, DM_CLASSID, 1);
  ierr = PetscOptionsHead("DMPlex Options");CHKERRQ(ierr);
  /* Handle DMPlex refinement */
  /* Handle associated vectors */
  /* Handle viewing */
  ierr = PetscOptionsBool("-dm_plex_print_set_values", "Output all set values info", "DMView", PETSC_FALSE, &mesh->printSetValues, NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscOptionsInt("-dm_plex_print_fem", "Debug output level all fem computations", "DMView", 0, &mesh->printFEM, NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscOptionsReal("-dm_plex_print_tol", "Tolerance for FEM output", "DMView", PETSC_FALSE, &mesh->printTol, NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscOptionsTail();CHKERRQ(ierr);
  PetscFunctionReturn(0);
}

#undef __FUNCT__
#define __FUNCT__ "DMPlexCreateSquareBoundary"
/*
 Simple square boundary:

 18--5-17--4--16
  |     |     |
  6    10     3
  |     |     |
 19-11-20--9--15
  |     |     |
  7     8     2
  |     |     |
 12--0-13--1--14
*/
PetscErrorCode DMPlexCreateSquareBoundary(DM dm, const PetscReal lower[], const PetscReal upper[], const PetscInt edges[])
{
  PetscInt       numVertices    = (edges[0]+1)*(edges[1]+1);
  PetscInt       numEdges       = edges[0]*(edges[1]+1) + (edges[0]+1)*edges[1];
  PetscInt       markerTop      = 1;
  PetscInt       markerBottom   = 1;
  PetscInt       markerRight    = 1;
  PetscInt       markerLeft     = 1;
  PetscBool      markerSeparate = PETSC_FALSE;
  Vec            coordinates;
  PetscSection   coordSection;
  PetscScalar    *coords;
  PetscInt       coordSize;
  PetscMPIInt    rank;
  PetscInt       v, vx, vy;
  PetscErrorCode ierr;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  ierr = PetscOptionsGetBool(((PetscObject) dm)->prefix, "-dm_plex_separate_marker", &markerSeparate, NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  if (markerSeparate) {
    markerTop    = 1;
    markerBottom = 0;
    markerRight  = 0;
    markerLeft   = 0;
  }
  ierr = MPI_Comm_rank(PetscObjectComm((PetscObject)dm), &rank);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  if (!rank) {
    PetscInt e, ex, ey;

    ierr = DMPlexSetChart(dm, 0, numEdges+numVertices);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    for (e = 0; e < numEdges; ++e) {
      ierr = DMPlexSetConeSize(dm, e, 2);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    }
    ierr = DMSetUp(dm);CHKERRQ(ierr); /* Allocate space for cones */
    for (vx = 0; vx <= edges[0]; vx++) {
      for (ey = 0; ey < edges[1]; ey++) {
        PetscInt edge   = vx*edges[1] + ey + edges[0]*(edges[1]+1);
        PetscInt vertex = ey*(edges[0]+1) + vx + numEdges;
        PetscInt cone[2];

        cone[0] = vertex; cone[1] = vertex+edges[0]+1;
        ierr    = DMPlexSetCone(dm, edge, cone);CHKERRQ(ierr);
        if (vx == edges[0]) {
          ierr = DMPlexSetLabelValue(dm, "marker", edge,    markerRight);CHKERRQ(ierr);
          ierr = DMPlexSetLabelValue(dm, "marker", cone[0], markerRight);CHKERRQ(ierr);
          if (ey == edges[1]-1) {
            ierr = DMPlexSetLabelValue(dm, "marker", cone[1], markerRight);CHKERRQ(ierr);
          }
        } else if (vx == 0) {
          ierr = DMPlexSetLabelValue(dm, "marker", edge,    markerLeft);CHKERRQ(ierr);
          ierr = DMPlexSetLabelValue(dm, "marker", cone[0], markerLeft);CHKERRQ(ierr);
          if (ey == edges[1]-1) {
            ierr = DMPlexSetLabelValue(dm, "marker", cone[1], markerLeft);CHKERRQ(ierr);
          }
        }
      }
    }
    for (vy = 0; vy <= edges[1]; vy++) {
      for (ex = 0; ex < edges[0]; ex++) {
        PetscInt edge   = vy*edges[0]     + ex;
        PetscInt vertex = vy*(edges[0]+1) + ex + numEdges;
        PetscInt cone[2];

        cone[0] = vertex; cone[1] = vertex+1;
        ierr    = DMPlexSetCone(dm, edge, cone);CHKERRQ(ierr);
        if (vy == edges[1]) {
          ierr = DMPlexSetLabelValue(dm, "marker", edge,    markerTop);CHKERRQ(ierr);
          ierr = DMPlexSetLabelValue(dm, "marker", cone[0], markerTop);CHKERRQ(ierr);
          if (ex == edges[0]-1) {
            ierr = DMPlexSetLabelValue(dm, "marker", cone[1], markerTop);CHKERRQ(ierr);
          }
        } else if (vy == 0) {
          ierr = DMPlexSetLabelValue(dm, "marker", edge,    markerBottom);CHKERRQ(ierr);
          ierr = DMPlexSetLabelValue(dm, "marker", cone[0], markerBottom);CHKERRQ(ierr);
          if (ex == edges[0]-1) {
            ierr = DMPlexSetLabelValue(dm, "marker", cone[1], markerBottom);CHKERRQ(ierr);
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
  ierr = DMPlexSymmetrize(dm);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = DMPlexStratify(dm);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  /* Build coordinates */
  ierr = DMPlexGetCoordinateSection(dm, &coordSection);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscSectionSetChart(coordSection, numEdges, numEdges + numVertices);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  for (v = numEdges; v < numEdges+numVertices; ++v) {
    ierr = PetscSectionSetDof(coordSection, v, 2);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  }
  ierr = PetscSectionSetUp(coordSection);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscSectionGetStorageSize(coordSection, &coordSize);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = VecCreate(PetscObjectComm((PetscObject)dm), &coordinates);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = VecSetSizes(coordinates, coordSize, PETSC_DETERMINE);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = VecSetFromOptions(coordinates);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = VecGetArray(coordinates, &coords);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  for (vy = 0; vy <= edges[1]; ++vy) {
    for (vx = 0; vx <= edges[0]; ++vx) {
      coords[(vy*(edges[0]+1)+vx)*2+0] = lower[0] + ((upper[0] - lower[0])/edges[0])*vx;
      coords[(vy*(edges[0]+1)+vx)*2+1] = lower[1] + ((upper[1] - lower[1])/edges[1])*vy;
    }
  }
  ierr = VecRestoreArray(coordinates, &coords);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = DMSetCoordinatesLocal(dm, coordinates);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = VecDestroy(&coordinates);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  PetscFunctionReturn(0);
}

#undef __FUNCT__
#define __FUNCT__ "DMPlexCreateCubeBoundary"
/*
 Simple cubic boundary:

     2-------3
    /|      /|
   6-------7 |
   | |     | |
   | 0-----|-1
   |/      |/
   4-------5
*/
PetscErrorCode DMPlexCreateCubeBoundary(DM dm, const PetscReal lower[], const PetscReal upper[], const PetscInt faces[])
{
  PetscInt       numVertices = (faces[0]+1)*(faces[1]+1)*(faces[2]+1);
  PetscInt       numFaces    = 6;
  Vec            coordinates;
  PetscSection   coordSection;
  PetscScalar    *coords;
  PetscInt       coordSize;
  PetscMPIInt    rank;
  PetscInt       v, vx, vy, vz;
  PetscErrorCode ierr;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  if ((faces[0] < 1) || (faces[1] < 1) || (faces[2] < 1)) SETERRQ(PetscObjectComm((PetscObject)dm), PETSC_ERR_SUP, "Must have at least 1 face per side");
  if ((faces[0] > 1) || (faces[1] > 1) || (faces[2] > 1)) SETERRQ(PetscObjectComm((PetscObject)dm), PETSC_ERR_SUP, "Currently can't handle more than 1 face per side");
  ierr = PetscMalloc(numVertices*2 * sizeof(PetscReal), &coords);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = MPI_Comm_rank(PetscObjectComm((PetscObject)dm), &rank);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  if (!rank) {
    PetscInt f;

    ierr = DMPlexSetChart(dm, 0, numFaces+numVertices);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    for (f = 0; f < numFaces; ++f) {
      ierr = DMPlexSetConeSize(dm, f, 4);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    }
    ierr = DMSetUp(dm);CHKERRQ(ierr); /* Allocate space for cones */
    for (v = 0; v < numFaces+numVertices; ++v) {
      ierr = DMPlexSetLabelValue(dm, "marker", v, 1);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    }
    { /* Side 0 (Front) */
      PetscInt cone[4];
      cone[0] = numFaces+4; cone[1] = numFaces+5; cone[2] = numFaces+7; cone[3] = numFaces+6;
      ierr    = DMPlexSetCone(dm, 0, cone);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    }
    { /* Side 1 (Back) */
      PetscInt cone[4];
      cone[0] = numFaces+1; cone[1] = numFaces+0; cone[2] = numFaces+2; cone[3] = numFaces+3;
      ierr    = DMPlexSetCone(dm, 1, cone);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    }
    { /* Side 2 (Bottom) */
      PetscInt cone[4];
      cone[0] = numFaces+0; cone[1] = numFaces+1; cone[2] = numFaces+5; cone[3] = numFaces+4;
      ierr    = DMPlexSetCone(dm, 2, cone);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    }
    { /* Side 3 (Top) */
      PetscInt cone[4];
      cone[0] = numFaces+6; cone[1] = numFaces+7; cone[2] = numFaces+3; cone[3] = numFaces+2;
      ierr    = DMPlexSetCone(dm, 3, cone);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    }
    { /* Side 4 (Left) */
      PetscInt cone[4];
      cone[0] = numFaces+0; cone[1] = numFaces+4; cone[2] = numFaces+6; cone[3] = numFaces+2;
      ierr    = DMPlexSetCone(dm, 4, cone);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    }
    { /* Side 5 (Right) */
      PetscInt cone[4];
      cone[0] = numFaces+5; cone[1] = numFaces+1; cone[2] = numFaces+3; cone[3] = numFaces+7;
      ierr    = DMPlexSetCone(dm, 5, cone);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    }
  }
  ierr = DMPlexSymmetrize(dm);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = DMPlexStratify(dm);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  /* Build coordinates */
  ierr = DMPlexGetCoordinateSection(dm, &coordSection);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscSectionSetChart(coordSection, numFaces, numFaces + numVertices);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  for (v = numFaces; v < numFaces+numVertices; ++v) {
    ierr = PetscSectionSetDof(coordSection, v, 3);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  }
  ierr = PetscSectionSetUp(coordSection);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscSectionGetStorageSize(coordSection, &coordSize);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = VecCreate(PetscObjectComm((PetscObject)dm), &coordinates);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscObjectSetName((PetscObject) coordinates, "coordinates");CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = VecSetSizes(coordinates, coordSize, PETSC_DETERMINE);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = VecSetFromOptions(coordinates);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = VecGetArray(coordinates, &coords);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  for (vz = 0; vz <= faces[2]; ++vz) {
    for (vy = 0; vy <= faces[1]; ++vy) {
      for (vx = 0; vx <= faces[0]; ++vx) {
        coords[((vz*(faces[1]+1)+vy)*(faces[0]+1)+vx)*3+0] = lower[0] + ((upper[0] - lower[0])/faces[0])*vx;
        coords[((vz*(faces[1]+1)+vy)*(faces[0]+1)+vx)*3+1] = lower[1] + ((upper[1] - lower[1])/faces[1])*vy;
        coords[((vz*(faces[1]+1)+vy)*(faces[0]+1)+vx)*3+2] = lower[2] + ((upper[2] - lower[2])/faces[2])*vz;
      }
    }
  }
  ierr = VecRestoreArray(coordinates, &coords);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = DMSetCoordinatesLocal(dm, coordinates);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = VecDestroy(&coordinates);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  PetscFunctionReturn(0);
}

#undef __FUNCT__
#define __FUNCT__ "DMPlexCreateSquareMesh"
/*
 Simple square mesh:

 22--8-23--9--24
  |     |     |
 13  2 14  3  15
  |     |     |
 19--6-20--7--21
  |     |     |
 10  0 11  1 12
  |     |     |
 16--4-17--5--18
*/
PetscErrorCode DMPlexCreateSquareMesh(DM dm, const PetscReal lower[], const PetscReal upper[], const PetscInt edges[])
{
  PetscInt       markerTop      = 1;
  PetscInt       markerBottom   = 1;
  PetscInt       markerRight    = 1;
  PetscInt       markerLeft     = 1;
  PetscBool      markerSeparate = PETSC_FALSE;
  PetscMPIInt    rank;
  PetscErrorCode ierr;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  ierr = MPI_Comm_rank(PetscObjectComm((PetscObject)dm), &rank);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscOptionsGetBool(((PetscObject) dm)->prefix, "-dm_plex_separate_marker", &markerSeparate, NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  if (markerSeparate) {
    markerTop    = 3;
    markerBottom = 1;
    markerRight  = 2;
    markerLeft   = 4;
  }
  {
    const PetscInt numXEdges    = !rank ? edges[0]   : 0;
    const PetscInt numYEdges    = !rank ? edges[1]   : 0;
    const PetscInt numXVertices = !rank ? edges[0]+1 : 0;
    const PetscInt numYVertices = !rank ? edges[1]+1 : 0;
    const PetscInt numTotXEdges = numXEdges*numYVertices;
    const PetscInt numTotYEdges = numYEdges*numXVertices;
    const PetscInt numVertices  = numXVertices*numYVertices;
    const PetscInt numEdges     = numTotXEdges + numTotYEdges;
    const PetscInt numFaces     = numXEdges*numYEdges;
    const PetscInt firstVertex  = numFaces;
    const PetscInt firstXEdge   = numFaces + numVertices;
    const PetscInt firstYEdge   = numFaces + numVertices + numTotXEdges;
    Vec            coordinates;
    PetscSection   coordSection;
    PetscScalar    *coords;
    PetscInt       coordSize;
    PetscInt       v, vx, vy;
    PetscInt       f, fx, fy, e, ex, ey;

    ierr = DMPlexSetChart(dm, 0, numFaces+numEdges+numVertices);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    for (f = 0; f < numFaces; ++f) {
      ierr = DMPlexSetConeSize(dm, f, 4);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    }
    for (e = firstXEdge; e < firstXEdge+numEdges; ++e) {
      ierr = DMPlexSetConeSize(dm, e, 2);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    }
    ierr = DMSetUp(dm);CHKERRQ(ierr); /* Allocate space for cones */
    /* Build faces */
    for (fy = 0; fy < numYEdges; fy++) {
      for (fx = 0; fx < numXEdges; fx++) {
        const PetscInt face    = fy*numXEdges + fx;
        const PetscInt edgeL   = firstYEdge + fx*numYEdges + fy;
        const PetscInt edgeB   = firstXEdge + fy*numXEdges + fx;
        const PetscInt ornt[4] = {0,     0,               -2,              -2};
        PetscInt       cone[4];

        cone[0] = edgeB; cone[1] = edgeL+numYEdges; cone[2] = edgeB+numXEdges; cone[3] = edgeL;
        ierr    = DMPlexSetCone(dm, face, cone);CHKERRQ(ierr);
        ierr    = DMPlexSetConeOrientation(dm, face, ornt);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      }
    }
    /* Build Y edges*/
    for (vx = 0; vx < numXVertices; vx++) {
      for (ey = 0; ey < numYEdges; ey++) {
        const PetscInt edge   = firstYEdge  + vx*numYEdges + ey;
        const PetscInt vertex = firstVertex + ey*numXVertices + vx;
        PetscInt       cone[2];

        cone[0] = vertex; cone[1] = vertex+numXVertices;
        ierr    = DMPlexSetCone(dm, edge, cone);CHKERRQ(ierr);
        if (vx == numXVertices-1) {
          ierr = DMPlexSetLabelValue(dm, "marker", edge,    markerRight);CHKERRQ(ierr);
          ierr = DMPlexSetLabelValue(dm, "marker", cone[0], markerRight);CHKERRQ(ierr);
          if (ey == numYEdges-1) {
            ierr = DMPlexSetLabelValue(dm, "marker", cone[1], markerRight);CHKERRQ(ierr);
          }
        } else if (vx == 0) {
          ierr = DMPlexSetLabelValue(dm, "marker", edge,    markerLeft);CHKERRQ(ierr);
          ierr = DMPlexSetLabelValue(dm, "marker", cone[0], markerLeft);CHKERRQ(ierr);
          if (ey == numYEdges-1) {
            ierr = DMPlexSetLabelValue(dm, "marker", cone[1], markerLeft);CHKERRQ(ierr);
          }
        }
      }
    }
    /* Build X edges*/
    for (vy = 0; vy < numYVertices; vy++) {
      for (ex = 0; ex < numXEdges; ex++) {
        const PetscInt edge   = firstXEdge  + vy*numXEdges + ex;
        const PetscInt vertex = firstVertex + vy*numXVertices + ex;
        PetscInt       cone[2];

        cone[0] = vertex; cone[1] = vertex+1;
        ierr    = DMPlexSetCone(dm, edge, cone);CHKERRQ(ierr);
        if (vy == numYVertices-1) {
          ierr = DMPlexSetLabelValue(dm, "marker", edge,    markerTop);CHKERRQ(ierr);
          ierr = DMPlexSetLabelValue(dm, "marker", cone[0], markerTop);CHKERRQ(ierr);
          if (ex == numXEdges-1) {
            ierr = DMPlexSetLabelValue(dm, "marker", cone[1], markerTop);CHKERRQ(ierr);
          }
        } else if (vy == 0) {
          ierr = DMPlexSetLabelValue(dm, "marker", edge,    markerBottom);CHKERRQ(ierr);
          ierr = DMPlexSetLabelValue(dm, "marker", cone[0], markerBottom);CHKERRQ(ierr);
          if (ex == numXEdges-1) {
            ierr = DMPlexSetLabelValue(dm, "marker", cone[1], markerBottom);CHKERRQ(ierr);
          }
        }
      }
    }
    ierr = DMPlexSymmetrize(dm);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = DMPlexStratify(dm);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    /* Build coordinates */
    ierr = DMPlexGetCoordinateSection(dm, &coordSection);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = PetscSectionSetChart(coordSection, firstVertex, firstVertex+numVertices);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    for (v = firstVertex; v < firstVertex+numVertices; ++v) {
      ierr = PetscSectionSetDof(coordSection, v, 2);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    }
    ierr = PetscSectionSetUp(coordSection);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = PetscSectionGetStorageSize(coordSection, &coordSize);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = VecCreate(PetscObjectComm((PetscObject)dm), &coordinates);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = VecSetSizes(coordinates, coordSize, PETSC_DETERMINE);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = VecSetFromOptions(coordinates);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = VecGetArray(coordinates, &coords);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    for (vy = 0; vy < numYVertices; ++vy) {
      for (vx = 0; vx < numXVertices; ++vx) {
        coords[(vy*numXVertices+vx)*2+0] = lower[0] + ((upper[0] - lower[0])/numXEdges)*vx;
        coords[(vy*numXVertices+vx)*2+1] = lower[1] + ((upper[1] - lower[1])/numYEdges)*vy;
      }
    }
    ierr = VecRestoreArray(coordinates, &coords);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = DMSetCoordinatesLocal(dm, coordinates);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = VecDestroy(&coordinates);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  }
  PetscFunctionReturn(0);
}

#undef __FUNCT__
#define __FUNCT__ "DMPlexCreateBoxMesh"
/*@
  DMPlexCreateBoxMesh - Creates a mesh on the tensor product of unit intervals (box).

  Collective on MPI_Comm

  Input Parameters:
+ comm - The communicator for the DM object
. dim - The spatial dimension
- interpolate - Flag to create intermediate mesh pieces (edges, faces)

  Output Parameter:
. dm  - The DM object

  Level: beginner

.keywords: DM, create
.seealso: DMSetType(), DMCreate()
@*/
PetscErrorCode DMPlexCreateBoxMesh(MPI_Comm comm, PetscInt dim, PetscBool interpolate, DM *dm)
{
  DM             boundary;
  PetscErrorCode ierr;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  PetscValidPointer(dm, 4);
  ierr = DMCreate(comm, &boundary);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  PetscValidLogicalCollectiveInt(boundary,dim,2);
  ierr = DMSetType(boundary, DMPLEX);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = DMPlexSetDimension(boundary, dim-1);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  switch (dim) {
  case 2:
  {
    PetscReal lower[2] = {0.0, 0.0};
    PetscReal upper[2] = {1.0, 1.0};
    PetscInt  edges[2] = {2, 2};

    ierr = DMPlexCreateSquareBoundary(boundary, lower, upper, edges);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    break;
  }
  case 3:
  {
    PetscReal lower[3] = {0.0, 0.0, 0.0};
    PetscReal upper[3] = {1.0, 1.0, 1.0};
    PetscInt  faces[3] = {1, 1, 1};

    ierr = DMPlexCreateCubeBoundary(boundary, lower, upper, faces);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    break;
  }
  default:
    SETERRQ1(comm, PETSC_ERR_SUP, "Dimension not supported: %d", dim);
  }
  ierr = DMPlexGenerate(boundary, NULL, interpolate, dm);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = DMDestroy(&boundary);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  PetscFunctionReturn(0);
}

#undef __FUNCT__
#define __FUNCT__ "DMPlexCreateHexBoxMesh"
PetscErrorCode DMPlexCreateHexBoxMesh(MPI_Comm comm, PetscInt dim, const PetscInt cells[], DM *dm)
{
  PetscErrorCode ierr;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  PetscValidPointer(dm, 4);
  ierr = DMCreate(comm, dm);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  PetscValidLogicalCollectiveInt(*dm,dim,2);
  ierr = DMSetType(*dm, DMPLEX);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = DMPlexSetDimension(*dm, dim);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  switch (dim) {
  case 2:
  {
    PetscReal lower[2] = {0.0, 0.0};
    PetscReal upper[2] = {1.0, 1.0};

    ierr = DMPlexCreateSquareMesh(*dm, lower, upper, cells);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    break;
  }
#if 0
  case 3:
  {
    PetscReal lower[3] = {0.0, 0.0, 0.0};
    PetscReal upper[3] = {1.0, 1.0, 1.0};

    ierr = DMPlexCreateCubeMesh(boundary, lower, upper, cells);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    break;
  }
#endif
  default:
    SETERRQ1(comm, PETSC_ERR_SUP, "Dimension not supported: %d", dim);
  }
  PetscFunctionReturn(0);
}

/* External function declarations here */
extern PetscErrorCode DMCreateInterpolation_Plex(DM dmCoarse, DM dmFine, Mat *interpolation, Vec *scaling);
extern PetscErrorCode DMCreateMatrix_Plex(DM dm, MatType mtype, Mat *J);
extern PetscErrorCode DMCreateCoordinateDM_Plex(DM dm, DM *cdm);
extern PetscErrorCode DMRefine_Plex(DM dm, MPI_Comm comm, DM *dmRefined);
extern PetscErrorCode DMSetUp_Plex(DM dm);
extern PetscErrorCode DMDestroy_Plex(DM dm);
extern PetscErrorCode DMView_Plex(DM dm, PetscViewer viewer);
extern PetscErrorCode DMCreateSubDM_Plex(DM dm, PetscInt numFields, PetscInt fields[], IS *is, DM *subdm);
extern PetscErrorCode DMLocatePoints_Plex(DM dm, Vec v, IS *cellIS);

#undef __FUNCT__
#define __FUNCT__ "DMCreateGlobalVector_Plex"
static PetscErrorCode DMCreateGlobalVector_Plex(DM dm,Vec *vec)
{
  PetscErrorCode ierr;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  ierr = DMCreateGlobalVector_Section_Private(dm,vec);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  /* ierr = VecSetOperation(*vec, VECOP_DUPLICATE, (void(*)(void)) VecDuplicate_MPI_DM);CHKERRQ(ierr); */
  ierr = VecSetOperation(*vec, VECOP_VIEW, (void (*)(void))VecView_Plex);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  PetscFunctionReturn(0);
}

#undef __FUNCT__
#define __FUNCT__ "DMCreateLocalVector_Plex"
static PetscErrorCode DMCreateLocalVector_Plex(DM dm,Vec *vec)
{
  PetscErrorCode ierr;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  ierr = DMCreateLocalVector_Section_Private(dm,vec);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = VecSetOperation(*vec, VECOP_VIEW, (void(*)(void)) VecView_Plex_Local);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  PetscFunctionReturn(0);
}


#undef __FUNCT__
#define __FUNCT__ "DMInitialize_Plex"
PetscErrorCode DMInitialize_Plex(DM dm)
{
  PetscErrorCode ierr;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  ierr = PetscStrallocpy(VECSTANDARD, (char**)&dm->vectype);CHKERRQ(ierr);

  dm->ops->view                            = DMView_Plex;
  dm->ops->setfromoptions                  = DMSetFromOptions_Plex;
  dm->ops->setup                           = DMSetUp_Plex;
  dm->ops->createglobalvector              = DMCreateGlobalVector_Plex;
  dm->ops->createlocalvector               = DMCreateLocalVector_Plex;
  dm->ops->getlocaltoglobalmapping         = NULL;
  dm->ops->getlocaltoglobalmappingblock    = NULL;
  dm->ops->createfieldis                   = NULL;
  dm->ops->createcoordinatedm              = DMCreateCoordinateDM_Plex;
  dm->ops->getcoloring                     = 0;
  dm->ops->creatematrix                    = DMCreateMatrix_Plex;
  dm->ops->createinterpolation             = 0;
  dm->ops->getaggregates                   = 0;
  dm->ops->getinjection                    = 0;
  dm->ops->refine                          = DMRefine_Plex;
  dm->ops->coarsen                         = 0;
  dm->ops->refinehierarchy                 = 0;
  dm->ops->coarsenhierarchy                = 0;
  dm->ops->globaltolocalbegin              = NULL;
  dm->ops->globaltolocalend                = NULL;
  dm->ops->localtoglobalbegin              = NULL;
  dm->ops->localtoglobalend                = NULL;
  dm->ops->destroy                         = DMDestroy_Plex;
  dm->ops->createsubdm                     = DMCreateSubDM_Plex;
  dm->ops->locatepoints                    = DMLocatePoints_Plex;
  PetscFunctionReturn(0);
}

/*MC
  DMPLEX = "plex" - A DM object that encapsulates an unstructured mesh, or CW Complex, which can be expressed using a Hasse Diagram.
                    In the local representation, Vecs contain all unknowns in the interior and shared boundary. This is
                    specified by a PetscSection object. Ownership in the global representation is determined by
                    ownership of the underlying DMPlex points. This is specified by another PetscSection object.

  Level: intermediate

.seealso: DMType, DMPlexCreate(), DMCreate(), DMSetType()
M*/

#undef __FUNCT__
#define __FUNCT__ "DMCreate_Plex"
PETSC_EXTERN PetscErrorCode DMCreate_Plex(DM dm)
{
  DM_Plex        *mesh;
  PetscInt       unit, d;
  PetscErrorCode ierr;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  PetscValidHeaderSpecific(dm, DM_CLASSID, 1);
  ierr     = PetscNewLog(dm, DM_Plex, &mesh);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  dm->data = mesh;

  mesh->refct             = 1;
  mesh->dim               = 0;
  ierr                    = PetscSectionCreate(PetscObjectComm((PetscObject)dm), &mesh->coneSection);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  mesh->maxConeSize       = 0;
  mesh->cones             = NULL;
  mesh->coneOrientations  = NULL;
  ierr                    = PetscSectionCreate(PetscObjectComm((PetscObject)dm), &mesh->supportSection);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  mesh->maxSupportSize    = 0;
  mesh->supports          = NULL;
  mesh->refinementUniform = PETSC_TRUE;
  mesh->refinementLimit   = -1.0;

  mesh->facesTmp = NULL;

  mesh->subpointMap = NULL;

  for (unit = 0; unit < NUM_PETSC_UNITS; ++unit) mesh->scale[unit] = 1.0;

  mesh->labels              = NULL;
  mesh->globalVertexNumbers = NULL;
  mesh->globalCellNumbers   = NULL;
  for (d = 0; d < 8; ++d) mesh->hybridPointMax[d] = PETSC_DETERMINE;
  mesh->vtkCellHeight     = 0;
  mesh->preallocCenterDim = -1;

  mesh->printSetValues = PETSC_FALSE;
  mesh->printFEM       = 0;
  mesh->printTol       = 1.0e-10;

  ierr = DMInitialize_Plex(dm);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  PetscFunctionReturn(0);
}

#undef __FUNCT__
#define __FUNCT__ "DMPlexCreate"
/*@
  DMPlexCreate - Creates a DMPlex object, which encapsulates an unstructured mesh, or CW complex, which can be expressed using a Hasse Diagram.

  Collective on MPI_Comm

  Input Parameter:
. comm - The communicator for the DMPlex object

  Output Parameter:
. mesh  - The DMPlex object

  Level: beginner

.keywords: DMPlex, create
@*/
PetscErrorCode DMPlexCreate(MPI_Comm comm, DM *mesh)
{
  PetscErrorCode ierr;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  PetscValidPointer(mesh,2);
  ierr = DMCreate(comm, mesh);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = DMSetType(*mesh, DMPLEX);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  PetscFunctionReturn(0);
}

#undef __FUNCT__
#define __FUNCT__ "DMPlexClone"
/*@
  DMPlexClone - Creates a DMPlex object with the same mesh as the original.

  Collective on MPI_Comm

  Input Parameter:
. dm - The original DMPlex object

  Output Parameter:
. newdm  - The new DMPlex object

  Level: beginner

.keywords: DMPlex, create
@*/
PetscErrorCode DMPlexClone(DM dm, DM *newdm)
{
  DM_Plex        *mesh;
  Vec             coords;
  void           *ctx;
  PetscErrorCode ierr;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  PetscValidHeaderSpecific(dm, DM_CLASSID, 1);
  PetscValidPointer(newdm,2);
  ierr         = DMCreate(PetscObjectComm((PetscObject)dm), newdm);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr         = PetscSFDestroy(&(*newdm)->sf);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr         = PetscObjectReference((PetscObject) dm->sf);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  (*newdm)->sf = dm->sf;
  mesh         = (DM_Plex*) dm->data;
  mesh->refct++;
  (*newdm)->data = mesh;
  ierr           = PetscObjectChangeTypeName((PetscObject) *newdm, DMPLEX);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr           = DMInitialize_Plex(*newdm);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr           = DMGetApplicationContext(dm, &ctx);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr           = DMSetApplicationContext(*newdm, ctx);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr           = DMGetCoordinatesLocal(dm, &coords);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  if (coords) {
    ierr         = DMSetCoordinatesLocal(*newdm, coords);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  } else {
    ierr         = DMGetCoordinates(dm, &coords);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    if (coords) {ierr = DMSetCoordinates(*newdm, coords);CHKERRQ(ierr);}
  }
  PetscFunctionReturn(0);
}

#undef __FUNCT__
#define __FUNCT__ "DMPlexBuildFromCellList_Private"
/*
  This takes as input the common mesh generator output, a list of the vertices for each cell
*/
PetscErrorCode DMPlexBuildFromCellList_Private(DM dm, PetscInt numCells, PetscInt numVertices, PetscInt numCorners, const int cells[])
{
  PetscInt      *cone, c, p;
  PetscErrorCode ierr;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  ierr = DMPlexSetChart(dm, 0, numCells+numVertices);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  for (c = 0; c < numCells; ++c) {
    ierr = DMPlexSetConeSize(dm, c, numCorners);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  }
  ierr = DMSetUp(dm);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = DMGetWorkArray(dm, numCorners, PETSC_INT, &cone);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  for (c = 0; c < numCells; ++c) {
    for (p = 0; p < numCorners; ++p) {
      cone[p] = cells[c*numCorners+p]+numCells;
    }
    ierr = DMPlexSetCone(dm, c, cone);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  }
  ierr = DMRestoreWorkArray(dm, numCorners, PETSC_INT, &cone);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = DMPlexSymmetrize(dm);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = DMPlexStratify(dm);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  PetscFunctionReturn(0);
}

#undef __FUNCT__
#define __FUNCT__ "DMPlexBuildCoordinates_Private"
/*
  This takes as input the coordinates for each vertex
*/
PetscErrorCode DMPlexBuildCoordinates_Private(DM dm, PetscInt spaceDim, PetscInt numCells, PetscInt numVertices, const double vertexCoords[])
{
  PetscSection   coordSection;
  Vec            coordinates;
  PetscScalar   *coords;
  PetscInt       coordSize, v, d;
  PetscErrorCode ierr;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  ierr = DMPlexGetCoordinateSection(dm, &coordSection);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscSectionSetNumFields(coordSection, 1);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscSectionSetFieldComponents(coordSection, 0, spaceDim);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscSectionSetChart(coordSection, numCells, numCells + numVertices);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  for (v = numCells; v < numCells+numVertices; ++v) {
    ierr = PetscSectionSetDof(coordSection, v, spaceDim);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = PetscSectionSetFieldDof(coordSection, v, 0, spaceDim);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  }
  ierr = PetscSectionSetUp(coordSection);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscSectionGetStorageSize(coordSection, &coordSize);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = VecCreate(PetscObjectComm((PetscObject)dm), &coordinates);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscObjectSetName((PetscObject) coordinates, "coordinates");CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = VecSetSizes(coordinates, coordSize, PETSC_DETERMINE);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = VecSetFromOptions(coordinates);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = VecGetArray(coordinates, &coords);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  for (v = 0; v < numVertices; ++v) {
    for (d = 0; d < spaceDim; ++d) {
      coords[v*spaceDim+d] = vertexCoords[v*spaceDim+d];
    }
  }
  ierr = VecRestoreArray(coordinates, &coords);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = DMSetCoordinatesLocal(dm, coordinates);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = VecDestroy(&coordinates);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  PetscFunctionReturn(0);
}

#undef __FUNCT__
#define __FUNCT__ "DMPlexCreateFromCellList"
/*@C
  DMPlexCreateFromCellList - This takes as input common mesh generator output, a list of the vertices for each cell, and produces a DM

  Input Parameters:
+ comm - The communicator
. dim - The topological dimension of the mesh
. numCells - The number of cells
. numVertices - The number of vertices
. numCorners - The number of vertices for each cell
. interpolate - Flag indicating that intermediate mesh entities (faces, edges) should be created automatically
. cells - An array of numCells*numCorners numbers, the vertices for each cell
. spaceDim - The spatial dimension used for coordinates
- vertexCoords - An array of numVertices*spaceDim numbers, the coordinates of each vertex

  Output Parameter:
. dm - The DM

  Note: Two triangles sharing a face
$
$        2
$      / | \
$     /  |  \
$    /   |   \
$   0  0 | 1  3
$    \   |   /
$     \  |  /
$      \ | /
$        1
would have input
$  numCells = 2, numVertices = 4
$  cells = [0 1 2  1 3 2]
$
which would result in the DMPlex
$
$        4
$      / | \
$     /  |  \
$    /   |   \
$   2  0 | 1  5
$    \   |   /
$     \  |  /
$      \ | /
$        3

  Level: beginner

.seealso: DMPlexCreate()
@*/
PetscErrorCode DMPlexCreateFromCellList(MPI_Comm comm, PetscInt dim, PetscInt numCells, PetscInt numVertices, PetscInt numCorners, PetscBool interpolate, const int cells[], PetscInt spaceDim, const double vertexCoords[], DM *dm)
{
  PetscErrorCode ierr;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  ierr = DMCreate(comm, dm);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = DMSetType(*dm, DMPLEX);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = DMPlexSetDimension(*dm, dim);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = DMPlexBuildFromCellList_Private(*dm, numCells, numVertices, numCorners, cells);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  if (interpolate) {
    DM idm;

    ierr = DMPlexInterpolate(*dm, &idm);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = DMDestroy(dm);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    *dm  = idm;
  }
  ierr = DMPlexBuildCoordinates_Private(*dm, spaceDim, numCells, numVertices, vertexCoords);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  PetscFunctionReturn(0);
}

#undef __FUNCT__
#define __FUNCT__ "DMPlexCreateFromDAG"
/*
  This takes as input the raw Hasse Diagram data
*/
PetscErrorCode DMPlexCreateFromDAG(DM dm, PetscInt depth, const PetscInt numPoints[], const PetscInt coneSize[], const PetscInt cones[], const PetscInt coneOrientations[], const PetscScalar vertexCoords[])
{
  Vec            coordinates;
  PetscSection   coordSection;
  PetscScalar    *coords;
  PetscInt       coordSize, firstVertex = numPoints[depth], pStart = 0, pEnd = 0, p, v, dim, d, off;
  PetscErrorCode ierr;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  ierr = DMPlexGetDimension(dm, &dim);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  for (d = 0; d <= depth; ++d) pEnd += numPoints[d];
  ierr = DMPlexSetChart(dm, pStart, pEnd);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  for (p = pStart; p < pEnd; ++p) {
    ierr = DMPlexSetConeSize(dm, p, coneSize[p-pStart]);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  }
  ierr = DMSetUp(dm);CHKERRQ(ierr); /* Allocate space for cones */
  for (p = pStart, off = 0; p < pEnd; off += coneSize[p-pStart], ++p) {
    ierr = DMPlexSetCone(dm, p, &cones[off]);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = DMPlexSetConeOrientation(dm, p, &coneOrientations[off]);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  }
  ierr = DMPlexSymmetrize(dm);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = DMPlexStratify(dm);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  /* Build coordinates */
  ierr = DMPlexGetCoordinateSection(dm, &coordSection);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscSectionSetNumFields(coordSection, 1);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscSectionSetFieldComponents(coordSection, 0, dim);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscSectionSetChart(coordSection, firstVertex, firstVertex+numPoints[0]);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  for (v = firstVertex; v < firstVertex+numPoints[0]; ++v) {
    ierr = PetscSectionSetDof(coordSection, v, dim);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = PetscSectionSetFieldDof(coordSection, v, 0, dim);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  }
  ierr = PetscSectionSetUp(coordSection);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscSectionGetStorageSize(coordSection, &coordSize);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = VecCreate(PetscObjectComm((PetscObject)dm), &coordinates);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscObjectSetName((PetscObject) coordinates, "coordinates");CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = VecSetSizes(coordinates, coordSize, PETSC_DETERMINE);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = VecSetFromOptions(coordinates);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = VecGetArray(coordinates, &coords);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  for (v = 0; v < numPoints[0]; ++v) {
    PetscInt off;

    ierr = PetscSectionGetOffset(coordSection, v+firstVertex, &off);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    for (d = 0; d < dim; ++d) {
      coords[off+d] = vertexCoords[v*dim+d];
    }
  }
  ierr = VecRestoreArray(coordinates, &coords);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = DMSetCoordinatesLocal(dm, coordinates);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = VecDestroy(&coordinates);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  PetscFunctionReturn(0);
}