xref: /petsc/src/dm/impls/plex/plexglvis.c (revision ffc4695bcb29f4b022f59a5fd6bc99fc280ff6d8)

#include <petsc/private/glvisviewerimpl.h>
#include <petsc/private/petscimpl.h>
#include <petsc/private/dmpleximpl.h>
#include <petscbt.h>
#include <petscdmplex.h>
#include <petscsf.h>
#include <petscds.h>

typedef struct {
  PetscInt   nf;
  VecScatter *scctx;
} GLVisViewerCtx;

static PetscErrorCode DestroyGLVisViewerCtx_Private(void *vctx)
{
  GLVisViewerCtx *ctx = (GLVisViewerCtx*)vctx;
  PetscInt       i;
  PetscErrorCode ierr;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  for (i=0;i<ctx->nf;i++) {
    ierr = VecScatterDestroy(&ctx->scctx[i]);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  }
  ierr = PetscFree(ctx->scctx);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscFree(vctx);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  PetscFunctionReturn(0);
}

static PetscErrorCode DMPlexSampleGLVisFields_Private(PetscObject oX, PetscInt nf, PetscObject oXfield[], void *vctx)
{
  GLVisViewerCtx *ctx = (GLVisViewerCtx*)vctx;
  PetscInt       f;
  PetscErrorCode ierr;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  for (f=0;f<nf;f++) {
    ierr = VecScatterBegin(ctx->scctx[f],(Vec)oX,(Vec)oXfield[f],INSERT_VALUES,SCATTER_FORWARD);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = VecScatterEnd(ctx->scctx[f],(Vec)oX,(Vec)oXfield[f],INSERT_VALUES,SCATTER_FORWARD);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  }
  PetscFunctionReturn(0);
}

/* for FEM, it works for H1 fields only and extracts dofs at cell vertices, discarding any other dof */
PetscErrorCode DMSetUpGLVisViewer_Plex(PetscObject odm, PetscViewer viewer)
{
  DM             dm = (DM)odm;
  Vec            xlocal,xfield,*Ufield;
  PetscDS        ds;
  IS             globalNum,isfield;
  PetscBT        vown;
  char           **fieldname = NULL,**fec_type = NULL;
  const PetscInt *gNum;
  PetscInt       *nlocal,*bs,*idxs,*dims;
  PetscInt       f,maxfields,nfields,c,totc,totdofs,Nv,cum,i;
  PetscInt       dim,cStart,cEnd,vStart,vEnd;
  GLVisViewerCtx *ctx;
  PetscSection   s;
  PetscErrorCode ierr;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  ierr = DMGetDimension(dm,&dim);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = DMPlexGetDepthStratum(dm,0,&vStart,&vEnd);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = DMPlexGetHeightStratum(dm,0,&cStart,&cEnd);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscObjectQuery((PetscObject)dm,"_glvis_plex_gnum",(PetscObject*)&globalNum);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  if (!globalNum) {
    ierr = DMPlexCreateCellNumbering_Internal(dm,PETSC_TRUE,&globalNum);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = PetscObjectCompose((PetscObject)dm,"_glvis_plex_gnum",(PetscObject)globalNum);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = PetscObjectDereference((PetscObject)globalNum);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  }
  ierr = ISGetIndices(globalNum,&gNum);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscBTCreate(vEnd-vStart,&vown);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  for (c = cStart, totc = 0; c < cEnd; c++) {
    if (gNum[c-cStart] >= 0) {
      PetscInt i,numPoints,*points = NULL;

      totc++;
      ierr = DMPlexGetTransitiveClosure(dm,c,PETSC_TRUE,&numPoints,&points);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      for (i=0;i<numPoints*2;i+= 2) {
        if ((points[i] >= vStart) && (points[i] < vEnd)) {
          ierr = PetscBTSet(vown,points[i]-vStart);CHKERRQ(ierr);
        }
      }
      ierr = DMPlexRestoreTransitiveClosure(dm,c,PETSC_TRUE,&numPoints,&points);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    }
  }
  for (f=0,Nv=0;f<vEnd-vStart;f++) if (PetscLikely(PetscBTLookup(vown,f))) Nv++;

  ierr = DMCreateLocalVector(dm,&xlocal);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = VecGetLocalSize(xlocal,&totdofs);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = DMGetLocalSection(dm,&s);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscSectionGetNumFields(s,&nfields);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  for (f=0,maxfields=0;f<nfields;f++) {
    PetscInt bs;

    ierr = PetscSectionGetFieldComponents(s,f,&bs);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    maxfields += bs;
  }
  ierr = PetscCalloc7(maxfields,&fieldname,maxfields,&nlocal,maxfields,&bs,maxfields,&dims,maxfields,&fec_type,totdofs,&idxs,maxfields,&Ufield);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscNew(&ctx);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscCalloc1(maxfields,&ctx->scctx);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = DMGetDS(dm,&ds);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  if (ds) {
    for (f=0;f<nfields;f++) {
      const char* fname;
      char        name[256];
      PetscObject disc;
      size_t      len;

      ierr = PetscSectionGetFieldName(s,f,&fname);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      ierr = PetscStrlen(fname,&len);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      if (len) {
        ierr = PetscStrcpy(name,fname);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      } else {
        ierr = PetscSNPrintf(name,256,"Field%D",f);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      }
      ierr = PetscDSGetDiscretization(ds,f,&disc);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      if (disc) {
        PetscClassId id;
        PetscInt     Nc;
        char         fec[64];

        ierr = PetscObjectGetClassId(disc, &id);CHKERRQ(ierr);
        if (id == PETSCFE_CLASSID) {
          PetscFE            fem = (PetscFE)disc;
          PetscDualSpace     sp;
          PetscDualSpaceType spname;
          PetscInt           order;
          PetscBool          islag,continuous,H1 = PETSC_TRUE;

          ierr = PetscFEGetNumComponents(fem,&Nc);CHKERRQ(ierr);
          ierr = PetscFEGetDualSpace(fem,&sp);CHKERRQ(ierr);
          ierr = PetscDualSpaceGetType(sp,&spname);CHKERRQ(ierr);
          ierr = PetscStrcmp(spname,PETSCDUALSPACELAGRANGE,&islag);CHKERRQ(ierr);
          if (!islag) SETERRQ(PetscObjectComm((PetscObject)dm),PETSC_ERR_SUP,"Unsupported dual space");
          ierr = PetscDualSpaceLagrangeGetContinuity(sp,&continuous);CHKERRQ(ierr);
          ierr = PetscDualSpaceGetOrder(sp,&order);CHKERRQ(ierr);
          if (continuous && order > 0) { /* no support for high-order viz, still have to figure out the numbering */
            ierr = PetscSNPrintf(fec,64,"FiniteElementCollection: H1_%DD_P1",dim);CHKERRQ(ierr);
          } else {
            if (!continuous && order) SETERRQ1(PetscObjectComm((PetscObject)dm),PETSC_ERR_SUP,"Discontinuous space visualization currently unsupported for order %D",order);
            H1   = PETSC_FALSE;
            ierr = PetscSNPrintf(fec,64,"FiniteElementCollection: L2_%DD_P%D",dim,order);CHKERRQ(ierr);
          }
          ierr = PetscStrallocpy(name,&fieldname[ctx->nf]);CHKERRQ(ierr);
          bs[ctx->nf]   = Nc;
          dims[ctx->nf] = dim;
          if (H1) {
            nlocal[ctx->nf] = Nc * Nv;
            ierr = PetscStrallocpy(fec,&fec_type[ctx->nf]);CHKERRQ(ierr);
            ierr = VecCreateSeq(PETSC_COMM_SELF,Nv*Nc,&xfield);CHKERRQ(ierr);
            for (i=0,cum=0;i<vEnd-vStart;i++) {
              PetscInt j,off;

              if (PetscUnlikely(!PetscBTLookup(vown,i))) continue;
              ierr = PetscSectionGetFieldOffset(s,i+vStart,f,&off);CHKERRQ(ierr);
              for (j=0;j<Nc;j++) idxs[cum++] = off + j;
            }
            ierr = ISCreateGeneral(PetscObjectComm((PetscObject)xlocal),Nv*Nc,idxs,PETSC_USE_POINTER,&isfield);CHKERRQ(ierr);
          } else {
            nlocal[ctx->nf] = Nc * totc;
            ierr = PetscStrallocpy(fec,&fec_type[ctx->nf]);CHKERRQ(ierr);
            ierr = VecCreateSeq(PETSC_COMM_SELF,Nc*totc,&xfield);CHKERRQ(ierr);
            for (i=0,cum=0;i<cEnd-cStart;i++) {
              PetscInt j,off;

              if (PetscUnlikely(gNum[i] < 0)) continue;
              ierr = PetscSectionGetFieldOffset(s,i+cStart,f,&off);CHKERRQ(ierr);
              for (j=0;j<Nc;j++) idxs[cum++] = off + j;
            }
            ierr = ISCreateGeneral(PetscObjectComm((PetscObject)xlocal),totc*Nc,idxs,PETSC_USE_POINTER,&isfield);CHKERRQ(ierr);
          }
          ierr = VecScatterCreate(xlocal,isfield,xfield,NULL,&ctx->scctx[ctx->nf]);CHKERRQ(ierr);
          ierr = VecDestroy(&xfield);CHKERRQ(ierr);
          ierr = ISDestroy(&isfield);CHKERRQ(ierr);
          ctx->nf++;
        } else if (id == PETSCFV_CLASSID) {
          PetscInt c;

          ierr = PetscFVGetNumComponents((PetscFV)disc,&Nc);CHKERRQ(ierr);
          ierr = PetscSNPrintf(fec,64,"FiniteElementCollection: L2_%DD_P0",dim);CHKERRQ(ierr);
          for (c = 0; c < Nc; c++) {
            char comp[256];
            ierr = PetscSNPrintf(comp,256,"%s-Comp%D",name,c);CHKERRQ(ierr);
            ierr = PetscStrallocpy(comp,&fieldname[ctx->nf]);CHKERRQ(ierr);
            bs[ctx->nf] = 1; /* Does PetscFV support components with different block size? */
            nlocal[ctx->nf] = totc;
            dims[ctx->nf] = dim;
            ierr = PetscStrallocpy(fec,&fec_type[ctx->nf]);CHKERRQ(ierr);
            ierr = VecCreateSeq(PETSC_COMM_SELF,totc,&xfield);CHKERRQ(ierr);
            for (i=0,cum=0;i<cEnd-cStart;i++) {
              PetscInt off;

              if (PetscUnlikely(gNum[i])<0) continue;
              ierr = PetscSectionGetFieldOffset(s,i+cStart,f,&off);CHKERRQ(ierr);
              idxs[cum++] = off + c;
            }
            ierr = ISCreateGeneral(PetscObjectComm((PetscObject)xlocal),totc,idxs,PETSC_USE_POINTER,&isfield);CHKERRQ(ierr);
            ierr = VecScatterCreate(xlocal,isfield,xfield,NULL,&ctx->scctx[ctx->nf]);CHKERRQ(ierr);
            ierr = VecDestroy(&xfield);CHKERRQ(ierr);
            ierr = ISDestroy(&isfield);CHKERRQ(ierr);
            ctx->nf++;
          }
        } else SETERRQ1(PetscObjectComm((PetscObject)dm),PETSC_ERR_ARG_WRONG,"Unknown discretization type for field %D",f);
      } else SETERRQ1(PetscObjectComm((PetscObject)dm),PETSC_ERR_SUP,"Missing discretization for field %D",f);
    }
  } else SETERRQ(PetscObjectComm((PetscObject)dm),PETSC_ERR_SUP,"Needs a DS attached to the DM");
  ierr = PetscBTDestroy(&vown);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = VecDestroy(&xlocal);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = ISRestoreIndices(globalNum,&gNum);CHKERRQ(ierr);

  /* create work vectors */
  for (f=0;f<ctx->nf;f++) {
    ierr = VecCreateMPI(PetscObjectComm((PetscObject)dm),nlocal[f],PETSC_DECIDE,&Ufield[f]);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = PetscObjectSetName((PetscObject)Ufield[f],fieldname[f]);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = VecSetBlockSize(Ufield[f],bs[f]);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = VecSetDM(Ufield[f],dm);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  }

  /* customize the viewer */
  ierr = PetscViewerGLVisSetFields(viewer,ctx->nf,(const char**)fec_type,dims,DMPlexSampleGLVisFields_Private,(PetscObject*)Ufield,ctx,DestroyGLVisViewerCtx_Private);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  for (f=0;f<ctx->nf;f++) {
    ierr = PetscFree(fieldname[f]);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = PetscFree(fec_type[f]);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = VecDestroy(&Ufield[f]);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  }
  ierr = PetscFree7(fieldname,nlocal,bs,dims,fec_type,idxs,Ufield);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  PetscFunctionReturn(0);
}

typedef enum {MFEM_POINT=0,MFEM_SEGMENT,MFEM_TRIANGLE,MFEM_SQUARE,MFEM_TETRAHEDRON,MFEM_CUBE,MFEM_PRISM,MFEM_UNDEF} MFEM_cid;

MFEM_cid mfem_table_cid[4][7]       = { {MFEM_POINT,MFEM_UNDEF,MFEM_UNDEF  ,MFEM_UNDEF   ,MFEM_UNDEF      ,MFEM_UNDEF,MFEM_UNDEF},
                                        {MFEM_POINT,MFEM_UNDEF,MFEM_SEGMENT,MFEM_UNDEF   ,MFEM_UNDEF      ,MFEM_UNDEF,MFEM_UNDEF},
                                        {MFEM_POINT,MFEM_UNDEF,MFEM_SEGMENT,MFEM_TRIANGLE,MFEM_SQUARE     ,MFEM_UNDEF,MFEM_UNDEF},
                                        {MFEM_POINT,MFEM_UNDEF,MFEM_SEGMENT,MFEM_UNDEF   ,MFEM_TETRAHEDRON,MFEM_PRISM,MFEM_CUBE } };

MFEM_cid mfem_table_cid_unint[4][9] = { {MFEM_POINT,MFEM_UNDEF,MFEM_UNDEF  ,MFEM_UNDEF   ,MFEM_UNDEF      ,MFEM_UNDEF,MFEM_PRISM,MFEM_UNDEF,MFEM_UNDEF},
                                        {MFEM_POINT,MFEM_UNDEF,MFEM_SEGMENT,MFEM_UNDEF   ,MFEM_UNDEF      ,MFEM_UNDEF,MFEM_PRISM,MFEM_UNDEF,MFEM_UNDEF},
                                        {MFEM_POINT,MFEM_UNDEF,MFEM_SEGMENT,MFEM_TRIANGLE,MFEM_SQUARE     ,MFEM_UNDEF,MFEM_PRISM,MFEM_UNDEF,MFEM_UNDEF},
                                        {MFEM_POINT,MFEM_UNDEF,MFEM_SEGMENT,MFEM_UNDEF   ,MFEM_TETRAHEDRON,MFEM_UNDEF,MFEM_PRISM,MFEM_UNDEF,MFEM_CUBE } };

static PetscErrorCode DMPlexGetPointMFEMCellID_Internal(DM dm, DMLabel label, PetscInt minl, PetscInt p, PetscInt *mid, PetscInt *cid)
{
  DMLabel        dlabel;
  PetscInt       depth,csize,pdepth,dim;
  PetscErrorCode ierr;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  ierr = DMPlexGetDepthLabel(dm,&dlabel);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = DMLabelGetValue(dlabel,p,&pdepth);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = DMPlexGetConeSize(dm,p,&csize);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = DMPlexGetDepth(dm,&depth);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = DMGetDimension(dm,&dim);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  if (label) {
    ierr = DMLabelGetValue(label,p,mid);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    *mid = *mid - minl + 1; /* MFEM does not like negative markers */
  } else *mid = 1;
  if (depth >=0 && dim != depth) { /* not interpolated, it assumes cell-vertex mesh */
    if (dim < 0 || dim > 3) SETERRQ1(PETSC_COMM_SELF,PETSC_ERR_SUP,"Dimension %D",dim);
    if (csize > 8) SETERRQ2(PETSC_COMM_SELF,PETSC_ERR_SUP,"Found cone size %D for point %D",csize,p);
    if (depth != 1) SETERRQ2(PETSC_COMM_SELF,PETSC_ERR_SUP,"Found depth %D for point %D. You should interpolate the mesh first",depth,p);
    *cid = mfem_table_cid_unint[dim][csize];
  } else {
    if (csize > 6) SETERRQ2(PETSC_COMM_SELF,PETSC_ERR_SUP,"Cone size %D for point %D",csize,p);
    if (pdepth < 0 || pdepth > 3) SETERRQ2(PETSC_COMM_SELF,PETSC_ERR_SUP,"Depth %D for point %D",csize,p);
    *cid = mfem_table_cid[pdepth][csize];
  }
  PetscFunctionReturn(0);
}

static PetscErrorCode DMPlexGetPointMFEMVertexIDs_Internal(DM dm, PetscInt p, PetscSection csec, PetscInt *nv, PetscInt vids[])
{
  PetscInt       dim,sdim,dof = 0,off = 0,i,q,vStart,vEnd,numPoints,*points = NULL;
  PetscErrorCode ierr;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  ierr = DMPlexGetDepthStratum(dm,0,&vStart,&vEnd);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = DMGetDimension(dm,&dim);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  sdim = dim;
  if (csec) {
    PetscInt sStart,sEnd;

    ierr = DMGetCoordinateDim(dm,&sdim);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = PetscSectionGetChart(csec,&sStart,&sEnd);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = PetscSectionGetOffset(csec,vStart,&off);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    off  = off/sdim;
    if (p >= sStart && p < sEnd) {
      ierr = PetscSectionGetDof(csec,p,&dof);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    }
  }
  if (!dof) {
    ierr = DMPlexGetTransitiveClosure(dm,p,PETSC_TRUE,&numPoints,&points);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    for (i=0,q=0;i<numPoints*2;i+= 2)
      if ((points[i] >= vStart) && (points[i] < vEnd))
        vids[q++] = points[i]-vStart+off;
    ierr = DMPlexRestoreTransitiveClosure(dm,p,PETSC_TRUE,&numPoints,&points);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  } else {
    ierr = PetscSectionGetOffset(csec,p,&off);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = PetscSectionGetDof(csec,p,&dof);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    for (q=0;q<dof/sdim;q++) vids[q] = off/sdim + q;
  }
  *nv = q;
  PetscFunctionReturn(0);
}

static PetscErrorCode GLVisCreateFE(PetscFE femIn,char name[32],PetscFE *fem)
{
  DM              K;
  PetscSpace      P;
  PetscDualSpace  Q;
  PetscQuadrature q,fq;
  PetscInt        dim,deg,dof;
  DMPolytopeType  ptype;
  PetscBool       isSimplex,isTensor;
  PetscBool       continuity = PETSC_FALSE;
  PetscDTNodeType nodeType   = PETSCDTNODES_GAUSSJACOBI;
  PetscBool       endpoint   = PETSC_TRUE;
  MPI_Comm        comm;
  PetscErrorCode  ierr;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  comm = PetscObjectComm((PetscObject)femIn);
  ierr = PetscFEGetBasisSpace(femIn,&P);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscFEGetDualSpace(femIn,&Q);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscDualSpaceGetDM(Q,&K);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = DMGetDimension(K,&dim);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscSpaceGetDegree(P,&deg,NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscSpaceGetNumComponents(P,&dof);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = DMPlexGetCellType(K,0,&ptype);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  switch (ptype) {
  case DM_POLYTOPE_QUADRILATERAL:
  case DM_POLYTOPE_HEXAHEDRON:
    isSimplex = PETSC_FALSE; break;
  default:
    isSimplex = PETSC_TRUE; break;
  }
  isTensor = isSimplex ? PETSC_FALSE : PETSC_TRUE;
  /* Create space */
  ierr = PetscSpaceCreate(comm,&P);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscSpaceSetType(P,PETSCSPACEPOLYNOMIAL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscSpacePolynomialSetTensor(P,isTensor);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscSpaceSetNumComponents(P,dof);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscSpaceSetNumVariables(P,dim);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscSpaceSetDegree(P,deg,PETSC_DETERMINE);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscSpaceSetUp(P);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  /* Create dual space */
  ierr = PetscDualSpaceCreate(comm,&Q);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscDualSpaceSetType(Q,PETSCDUALSPACELAGRANGE);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscDualSpaceLagrangeSetTensor(Q,isTensor);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscDualSpaceLagrangeSetContinuity(Q,continuity);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscDualSpaceLagrangeSetNodeType(Q,nodeType,endpoint,0);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscDualSpaceSetNumComponents(Q,dof);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscDualSpaceSetOrder(Q,deg);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscDualSpaceCreateReferenceCell(Q,dim,isSimplex,&K);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscDualSpaceSetDM(Q,K);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = DMDestroy(&K);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscDualSpaceSetUp(Q);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  /* Create quadrature */
  if (isSimplex) {
    ierr = PetscDTStroudConicalQuadrature(dim,  1,deg+1,-1,+1,&q);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = PetscDTStroudConicalQuadrature(dim-1,1,deg+1,-1,+1,&fq);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  } else {
    ierr = PetscDTGaussTensorQuadrature(dim,  1,deg+1,-1,+1,&q);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = PetscDTGaussTensorQuadrature(dim-1,1,deg+1,-1,+1,&fq);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  }
  /* Create finite element */
  ierr = PetscFECreate(comm,fem);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscSNPrintf(name,32,"L2_T1_%DD_P%D",dim,deg);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscObjectSetName((PetscObject)*fem,name);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscFESetType(*fem,PETSCFEBASIC);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscFESetNumComponents(*fem,dof);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscFESetBasisSpace(*fem,P);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscFESetDualSpace(*fem,Q);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscFESetQuadrature(*fem,q);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscFESetFaceQuadrature(*fem,fq);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscFESetUp(*fem);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  /* Cleanup */
  ierr = PetscSpaceDestroy(&P);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscDualSpaceDestroy(&Q);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscQuadratureDestroy(&q);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscQuadratureDestroy(&fq);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  PetscFunctionReturn(0);
}

/*
   ASCII visualization/dump: full support for simplices and tensor product cells. It supports AMR
   Higher order meshes are also supported
*/
static PetscErrorCode DMPlexView_GLVis_ASCII(DM dm, PetscViewer viewer)
{
  DMLabel              label;
  PetscSection         coordSection,parentSection;
  Vec                  coordinates,hovec;
  const PetscScalar    *array;
  PetscInt             bf,p,sdim,dim,depth,novl,minl;
  PetscInt             cStart,cEnd,vStart,vEnd,nvert;
  PetscMPIInt          size;
  PetscBool            localized,isascii;
  PetscBool            enable_mfem,enable_boundary,enable_ncmesh,view_ovl = PETSC_FALSE;
  PetscBT              pown,vown;
  PetscErrorCode       ierr;
  PetscContainer       glvis_container;
  PetscBool            cellvertex = PETSC_FALSE, periodic, enabled = PETSC_TRUE;
  PetscBool            enable_emark,enable_bmark;
  const char           *fmt;
  char                 emark[64] = "",bmark[64] = "";

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  PetscValidHeaderSpecific(dm,DM_CLASSID,1);
  PetscValidHeaderSpecific(viewer,PETSC_VIEWER_CLASSID,2);
  ierr = PetscObjectTypeCompare((PetscObject)viewer,PETSCVIEWERASCII,&isascii);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  if (!isascii) SETERRQ(PetscObjectComm((PetscObject)viewer),PETSC_ERR_SUP,"Viewer must be of type VIEWERASCII");
  ierr = MPI_Comm_size(PetscObjectComm((PetscObject)viewer),&size);CHKERRMPI(ierr);
  if (size > 1) SETERRQ(PetscObjectComm((PetscObject)viewer),PETSC_ERR_SUP,"Use single sequential viewers for parallel visualization");
  ierr = DMGetDimension(dm,&dim);CHKERRQ(ierr);

  /* get container: determines if a process visualizes is portion of the data or not */
  ierr = PetscObjectQuery((PetscObject)viewer,"_glvis_info_container",(PetscObject*)&glvis_container);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  if (!glvis_container) SETERRQ(PetscObjectComm((PetscObject)dm),PETSC_ERR_PLIB,"Missing GLVis container");
  {
    PetscViewerGLVisInfo glvis_info;
    ierr    = PetscContainerGetPointer(glvis_container,(void**)&glvis_info);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    enabled = glvis_info->enabled;
    fmt     = glvis_info->fmt;
  }

  /* Users can attach a coordinate vector to the DM in case they have a higher-order mesh
     DMPlex does not currently support HO meshes, so there's no API for this */
  ierr = PetscObjectQuery((PetscObject)dm,"_glvis_mesh_coords",(PetscObject*)&hovec);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscObjectReference((PetscObject)hovec);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  if (!hovec) {
    DM           cdm;
    PetscFE      disc;
    PetscClassId classid;

    ierr = DMGetCoordinateDM(dm,&cdm);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = DMGetField(cdm,0,NULL,(PetscObject*)&disc);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = PetscObjectGetClassId((PetscObject)disc,&classid);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    if (classid == PETSCFE_CLASSID) {
      DM      hocdm;
      PetscFE hodisc;
      Vec     vec;
      Mat     mat;
      char    name[32],fec_type[64];

      ierr = GLVisCreateFE(disc,name,&hodisc);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      ierr = DMClone(cdm,&hocdm);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      ierr = DMSetField(hocdm,0,NULL,(PetscObject)hodisc);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      ierr = PetscFEDestroy(&hodisc);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      ierr = DMCreateDS(hocdm);CHKERRQ(ierr);

      ierr = DMGetCoordinates(dm,&vec);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      ierr = DMCreateGlobalVector(hocdm,&hovec);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      ierr = DMCreateInterpolation(cdm,hocdm,&mat,NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      ierr = MatInterpolate(mat,vec,hovec);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      ierr = MatDestroy(&mat);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      ierr = DMDestroy(&hocdm);CHKERRQ(ierr);

      ierr = PetscSNPrintf(fec_type,sizeof(fec_type),"FiniteElementCollection: %s", name);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      ierr = PetscObjectSetName((PetscObject)hovec,fec_type);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    }
  }

  ierr = DMPlexGetHeightStratum(dm,0,&cStart,&cEnd);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = DMPlexGetGhostCellStratum(dm,&p,NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  if (p >= 0) cEnd = p;
  ierr = DMPlexGetDepthStratum(dm,0,&vStart,&vEnd);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = DMGetPeriodicity(dm,&periodic,NULL,NULL,NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = DMGetCoordinatesLocalized(dm,&localized);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  if (periodic && !localized && !hovec) SETERRQ(PetscObjectComm((PetscObject)dm),PETSC_ERR_SUP,"Coordinates need to be localized");
  ierr = DMGetCoordinateSection(dm,&coordSection);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = DMGetCoordinateDim(dm,&sdim);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = DMGetCoordinatesLocal(dm,&coordinates);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  if (!coordinates && !hovec) SETERRQ(PetscObjectComm((PetscObject)dm),PETSC_ERR_SUP,"Missing local coordinates vector");

  /*
     a couple of sections of the mesh specification are disabled
       - boundary: the boundary is not needed for proper mesh visualization unless we want to visualize boundary attributes or we have high-order coordinates in 3D (topologically)
       - vertex_parents: used for non-conforming meshes only when we want to use MFEM as a discretization package
                         and be able to derefine the mesh (MFEM does not currently have to ability to read ncmeshes in parallel)
  */
  enable_boundary = PETSC_FALSE;
  enable_ncmesh   = PETSC_FALSE;
  enable_mfem     = PETSC_FALSE;
  enable_emark    = PETSC_FALSE;
  enable_bmark    = PETSC_FALSE;
  /* I'm tired of problems with negative values in the markers, disable them */
  ierr = PetscOptionsBegin(PetscObjectComm((PetscObject)dm),((PetscObject)dm)->prefix,"GLVis PetscViewer DMPlex Options","PetscViewer");CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscOptionsBool("-viewer_glvis_dm_plex_enable_boundary","Enable boundary section in mesh representation",NULL,enable_boundary,&enable_boundary,NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscOptionsBool("-viewer_glvis_dm_plex_enable_ncmesh","Enable vertex_parents section in mesh representation (allows derefinement)",NULL,enable_ncmesh,&enable_ncmesh,NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscOptionsBool("-viewer_glvis_dm_plex_enable_mfem","Dump a mesh that can be used with MFEM's FiniteElementSpaces",NULL,enable_mfem,&enable_mfem,NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscOptionsBool("-viewer_glvis_dm_plex_overlap","Include overlap region in local meshes",NULL,view_ovl,&view_ovl,NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscOptionsString("-viewer_glvis_dm_plex_emarker","String for the material id label",NULL,emark,emark,sizeof(emark),&enable_emark);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscOptionsString("-viewer_glvis_dm_plex_bmarker","String for the boundary id label",NULL,bmark,bmark,sizeof(bmark),&enable_bmark);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscOptionsEnd();CHKERRQ(ierr);
  if (enable_bmark) enable_boundary = PETSC_TRUE;

  ierr = MPI_Comm_size(PetscObjectComm((PetscObject)dm),&size);CHKERRMPI(ierr);
  if (enable_ncmesh && size > 1) SETERRQ(PetscObjectComm((PetscObject)dm),PETSC_ERR_SUP,"Not supported in parallel");
  ierr = DMPlexGetDepth(dm,&depth);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  if (enable_boundary && depth >= 0 && dim != depth) SETERRQ(PetscObjectComm((PetscObject)dm), PETSC_ERR_ARG_WRONG, "Mesh must be interpolated. "
                                                             "Alternatively, run with -viewer_glvis_dm_plex_enable_boundary 0");
  if (enable_ncmesh && depth >= 0 && dim != depth) SETERRQ(PetscObjectComm((PetscObject)dm), PETSC_ERR_ARG_WRONG, "Mesh must be interpolated. "
                                                           "Alternatively, run with -viewer_glvis_dm_plex_enable_ncmesh 0");
  if (depth >=0 && dim != depth) { /* not interpolated, it assumes cell-vertex mesh */
    if (depth != 1) SETERRQ1(PETSC_COMM_SELF,PETSC_ERR_SUP,"Unsupported depth %D. You should interpolate the mesh first",depth);
    cellvertex = PETSC_TRUE;
  }

  /* Identify possible cells in the overlap */
  novl = 0;
  pown = NULL;
  if (size > 1) {
    IS             globalNum = NULL;
    const PetscInt *gNum;
    PetscBool      ovl  = PETSC_FALSE;

    ierr = PetscObjectQuery((PetscObject)dm,"_glvis_plex_gnum",(PetscObject*)&globalNum);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    if (!globalNum) {
      if (view_ovl) {
        ierr = ISCreateStride(PetscObjectComm((PetscObject)dm),cEnd-cStart,0,1,&globalNum);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      } else {
        ierr = DMPlexCreateCellNumbering_Internal(dm,PETSC_TRUE,&globalNum);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      }
      ierr = PetscObjectCompose((PetscObject)dm,"_glvis_plex_gnum",(PetscObject)globalNum);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      ierr = PetscObjectDereference((PetscObject)globalNum);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    }
    ierr = ISGetIndices(globalNum,&gNum);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    for (p=cStart; p<cEnd; p++) {
      if (gNum[p-cStart] < 0) {
        ovl = PETSC_TRUE;
        novl++;
      }
    }
    if (ovl) {
      /* it may happen that pown get not destroyed, if the user closes the window while this function is running.
         TODO: garbage collector? attach pown to dm?  */
      ierr = PetscBTCreate(cEnd-cStart,&pown);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      for (p=cStart; p<cEnd; p++) {
        if (gNum[p-cStart] < 0) continue;
        else {
          ierr = PetscBTSet(pown,p-cStart);CHKERRQ(ierr);
        }
      }
    }
    ierr = ISRestoreIndices(globalNum,&gNum);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  }

  /* return if this process is disabled */
  if (!enabled) {
    ierr = PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(viewer,"MFEM mesh v1.1\n");CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(viewer,"\ndimension\n");CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(viewer,"%D\n",dim);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(viewer,"\nelements\n");CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(viewer,"%D\n",0);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(viewer,"\nboundary\n");CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(viewer,"%D\n",0);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(viewer,"\nvertices\n");CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(viewer,"%D\n",0);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(viewer,"%D\n",sdim);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = PetscBTDestroy(&pown);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = VecDestroy(&hovec);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    PetscFunctionReturn(0);
  }

  if (enable_mfem) {
    if (periodic && !hovec) { /* we need to generate a vector of L2 coordinates, as this is how MFEM handles periodic meshes */
      PetscInt    vpc = 0;
      char        fec[64];
      PetscInt    vids[8] = {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7};
      PetscInt    hexv[8] = {0,1,3,2,4,5,7,6}, tetv[4] = {0,1,2,3};
      PetscInt    quadv[8] = {0,1,3,2}, triv[3] = {0,1,2};
      PetscInt    *dof = NULL;
      PetscScalar *array,*ptr;

      ierr = PetscSNPrintf(fec,sizeof(fec),"FiniteElementCollection: L2_T1_%DD_P1",dim);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      if (cEnd-cStart) {
        PetscInt fpc;

        ierr = DMPlexGetConeSize(dm,cStart,&fpc);CHKERRQ(ierr);
        switch(dim) {
          case 1:
            vpc = 2;
            dof = hexv;
            break;
          case 2:
            switch (fpc) {
              case 3:
                vpc = 3;
                dof = triv;
                break;
              case 4:
                vpc = 4;
                dof = quadv;
                break;
              default:
                SETERRQ1(PETSC_COMM_SELF,PETSC_ERR_SUP,"Unhandled case: faces per cell %D",fpc);
            }
            break;
          case 3:
            switch (fpc) {
              case 4: /* TODO: still need to understand L2 ordering for tets */
                vpc = 4;
                dof = tetv;
                SETERRQ(PETSC_COMM_SELF,PETSC_ERR_SUP,"Unhandled tethraedral case");
              case 6:
                if (cellvertex) SETERRQ1(PETSC_COMM_SELF,PETSC_ERR_SUP,"Unhandled case: vertices per cell %D",fpc);
                vpc = 8;
                dof = hexv;
                break;
              case 8:
                if (!cellvertex) SETERRQ1(PETSC_COMM_SELF,PETSC_ERR_SUP,"Unhandled case: faces per cell %D",fpc);
                vpc = 8;
                dof = hexv;
                break;
              default:
                SETERRQ1(PETSC_COMM_SELF,PETSC_ERR_SUP,"Unhandled case: faces per cell %D",fpc);
            }
            break;
          default:
            SETERRQ(PetscObjectComm((PetscObject)dm),PETSC_ERR_SUP,"Unhandled dim");
        }
        ierr = DMPlexReorderCell(dm,cStart,vids);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      }
      if (!dof) SETERRQ(PetscObjectComm((PetscObject)dm),PETSC_ERR_PLIB,"Missing dofs");
      ierr = VecCreateSeq(PETSC_COMM_SELF,(cEnd-cStart-novl)*vpc*sdim,&hovec);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      ierr = PetscObjectSetName((PetscObject)hovec,fec);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      ierr = VecGetArray(hovec,&array);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      ptr  = array;
      for (p=cStart;p<cEnd;p++) {
        PetscInt    csize,v,d;
        PetscScalar *vals = NULL;

        if (PetscUnlikely(pown && !PetscBTLookup(pown,p-cStart))) continue;
        ierr = DMPlexVecGetClosure(dm,coordSection,coordinates,p,&csize,&vals);CHKERRQ(ierr);
        if (csize != vpc*sdim && csize != vpc*sdim*2) SETERRQ3(PETSC_COMM_SELF,PETSC_ERR_SUP,"Unsupported closure size %D (vpc %D, sdim %D)",csize,vpc,sdim);
        for (v=0;v<vpc;v++) {
          for (d=0;d<sdim;d++) {
            ptr[sdim*dof[v]+d] = vals[sdim*vids[v]+d];
          }
        }
        ptr += vpc*sdim;
        ierr = DMPlexVecRestoreClosure(dm,coordSection,coordinates,p,&csize,&vals);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      }
      ierr = VecRestoreArray(hovec,&array);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    }
  }
  /* if we have high-order coordinates in 3D, we need to specify the boundary */
  if (hovec && dim == 3) enable_boundary = PETSC_TRUE;

  /* header */
  ierr = PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(viewer,"MFEM mesh v1.1\n");CHKERRQ(ierr);

  /* topological dimension */
  ierr = PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(viewer,"\ndimension\n");CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(viewer,"%D\n",dim);CHKERRQ(ierr);

  /* elements */
  minl = 1;
  label = NULL;
  if (enable_emark) {
    PetscInt lminl = PETSC_MAX_INT;

    ierr = DMGetLabel(dm,emark,&label);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    if (label) {
      IS       vals;
      PetscInt ldef;

      ierr = DMLabelGetDefaultValue(label,&ldef);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      ierr = DMLabelGetValueIS(label,&vals);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      ierr = ISGetMinMax(vals,&lminl,NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      ierr = ISDestroy(&vals);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      lminl = PetscMin(ldef,lminl);
    }
    ierr = MPIU_Allreduce(&lminl,&minl,1,MPIU_INT,MPI_MIN,PetscObjectComm((PetscObject)dm));CHKERRQ(ierr);
    if (minl == PETSC_MAX_INT) minl = 1;
  }
  ierr = PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(viewer,"\nelements\n");CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(viewer,"%D\n",cEnd-cStart-novl);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  for (p=cStart;p<cEnd;p++) {
    PetscInt       vids[8];
    PetscInt       i,nv = 0,cid = -1,mid = 1;

    if (PetscUnlikely(pown && !PetscBTLookup(pown,p-cStart))) continue;
    ierr = DMPlexGetPointMFEMCellID_Internal(dm,label,minl,p,&mid,&cid);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = DMPlexGetPointMFEMVertexIDs_Internal(dm,p,(localized && !hovec) ? coordSection : NULL,&nv,vids);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = DMPlexReorderCell(dm,p,vids);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(viewer,"%D %D",mid,cid);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    for (i=0;i<nv;i++) {
      ierr = PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(viewer," %D",vids[i]);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    }
    ierr = PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(viewer,"\n");CHKERRQ(ierr);
  }

  /* boundary */
  ierr = PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(viewer,"\nboundary\n");CHKERRQ(ierr);
  if (!enable_boundary) {
    ierr = PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(viewer,"%D\n",0);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  } else {
    DMLabel  perLabel;
    PetscBT  bfaces;
    PetscInt fStart,fEnd,*fcells;

    ierr = DMPlexGetHeightStratum(dm,1,&fStart,&fEnd);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = PetscBTCreate(fEnd-fStart,&bfaces);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = DMPlexGetMaxSizes(dm,NULL,&p);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = PetscMalloc1(p,&fcells);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = DMGetLabel(dm,"glvis_periodic_cut",&perLabel);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    if (!perLabel && localized) { /* this periodic cut can be moved up to DMPlex setup */
      ierr = DMCreateLabel(dm,"glvis_periodic_cut");CHKERRQ(ierr);
      ierr = DMGetLabel(dm,"glvis_periodic_cut",&perLabel);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      ierr = DMLabelSetDefaultValue(perLabel,1);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      for (p=cStart;p<cEnd;p++) {
        DMPolytopeType cellType;
        PetscInt       dof;

        ierr = DMPlexGetCellType(dm,p,&cellType);CHKERRQ(ierr);
        ierr = PetscSectionGetDof(coordSection,p,&dof);CHKERRQ(ierr);
        if (dof) {
          PetscInt    uvpc, v,csize,cellClosureSize,*cellClosure = NULL,*vidxs = NULL;
          PetscScalar *vals = NULL;

          uvpc = DMPolytopeTypeGetNumVertices(cellType);
          if (dof%sdim) SETERRQ2(PETSC_COMM_SELF,PETSC_ERR_USER,"Incompatible number of cell dofs %D and space dimension %D",dof,sdim);
          ierr = DMPlexVecGetClosure(dm,coordSection,coordinates,p,&csize,&vals);CHKERRQ(ierr);
          ierr = DMPlexGetTransitiveClosure(dm,p,PETSC_TRUE,&cellClosureSize,&cellClosure);CHKERRQ(ierr);
          for (v=0;v<cellClosureSize;v++)
            if (cellClosure[2*v] >= vStart && cellClosure[2*v] < vEnd) {
              vidxs = cellClosure + 2*v;
              break;
            }
          if (!vidxs) SETERRQ(PETSC_COMM_SELF,PETSC_ERR_PLIB,"Missing vertices");
          for (v=0;v<uvpc;v++) {
            PetscInt s;

            for (s=0;s<sdim;s++) {
              if (PetscAbsScalar(vals[v*sdim+s]-vals[v*sdim+s+uvpc*sdim])>PETSC_MACHINE_EPSILON) {
                ierr = DMLabelSetValue(perLabel,vidxs[2*v],2);CHKERRQ(ierr);
              }
            }
          }
          ierr = DMPlexRestoreTransitiveClosure(dm,p,PETSC_TRUE,&cellClosureSize,&cellClosure);CHKERRQ(ierr);
          ierr = DMPlexVecRestoreClosure(dm,coordSection,coordinates,p,&csize,&vals);CHKERRQ(ierr);
        }
      }
      if (dim > 1) {
        PetscInt eEnd,eStart;

        ierr = DMPlexGetDepthStratum(dm,1,&eStart,&eEnd);CHKERRQ(ierr);
        for (p=eStart;p<eEnd;p++) {
          const PetscInt *cone;
          PetscInt       coneSize,i;
          PetscBool      ispe = PETSC_TRUE;

          ierr = DMPlexGetCone(dm,p,&cone);CHKERRQ(ierr);
          ierr = DMPlexGetConeSize(dm,p,&coneSize);CHKERRQ(ierr);
          for (i=0;i<coneSize;i++) {
            PetscInt v;

            ierr = DMLabelGetValue(perLabel,cone[i],&v);CHKERRQ(ierr);
            ispe = (PetscBool)(ispe && (v==2));
          }
          if (ispe && coneSize) {
            PetscInt       ch, numChildren;
            const PetscInt *children;

            ierr = DMLabelSetValue(perLabel,p,2);CHKERRQ(ierr);
            ierr = DMPlexGetTreeChildren(dm,p,&numChildren,&children);CHKERRQ(ierr);
            for (ch = 0; ch < numChildren; ch++) {
              ierr = DMLabelSetValue(perLabel,children[ch],2);CHKERRQ(ierr);
            }
          }
        }
        if (dim > 2) {
          for (p=fStart;p<fEnd;p++) {
            const PetscInt *cone;
            PetscInt       coneSize,i;
            PetscBool      ispe = PETSC_TRUE;

            ierr = DMPlexGetCone(dm,p,&cone);CHKERRQ(ierr);
            ierr = DMPlexGetConeSize(dm,p,&coneSize);CHKERRQ(ierr);
            for (i=0;i<coneSize;i++) {
              PetscInt v;

              ierr = DMLabelGetValue(perLabel,cone[i],&v);CHKERRQ(ierr);
              ispe = (PetscBool)(ispe && (v==2));
            }
            if (ispe && coneSize) {
              PetscInt       ch, numChildren;
              const PetscInt *children;

              ierr = DMLabelSetValue(perLabel,p,2);CHKERRQ(ierr);
              ierr = DMPlexGetTreeChildren(dm,p,&numChildren,&children);CHKERRQ(ierr);
              for (ch = 0; ch < numChildren; ch++) {
                ierr = DMLabelSetValue(perLabel,children[ch],2);CHKERRQ(ierr);
              }
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
    for (p=fStart;p<fEnd;p++) {
      const PetscInt *support;
      PetscInt       supportSize;
      PetscBool      isbf = PETSC_FALSE;

      ierr = DMPlexGetSupportSize(dm,p,&supportSize);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      if (pown) {
        PetscBool has_owned = PETSC_FALSE, has_ghost = PETSC_FALSE;
        PetscInt  i;

        ierr = DMPlexGetSupport(dm,p,&support);CHKERRQ(ierr);
        for (i=0;i<supportSize;i++) {
          if (PetscLikely(PetscBTLookup(pown,support[i]-cStart))) has_owned = PETSC_TRUE;
          else has_ghost = PETSC_TRUE;
        }
        isbf = (PetscBool)((supportSize == 1 && has_owned) || (supportSize > 1 && has_owned && has_ghost));
      } else {
        isbf = (PetscBool)(supportSize == 1);
      }
      if (!isbf && perLabel) {
        const PetscInt *cone;
        PetscInt       coneSize,i;

        ierr = DMPlexGetCone(dm,p,&cone);CHKERRQ(ierr);
        ierr = DMPlexGetConeSize(dm,p,&coneSize);CHKERRQ(ierr);
        isbf = PETSC_TRUE;
        for (i=0;i<coneSize;i++) {
          PetscInt v,d;

          ierr = DMLabelGetValue(perLabel,cone[i],&v);CHKERRQ(ierr);
          ierr = DMLabelGetDefaultValue(perLabel,&d);CHKERRQ(ierr);
          isbf = (PetscBool)(isbf && v != d);
        }
      }
      if (isbf) {
        ierr = PetscBTSet(bfaces,p-fStart);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      }
    }
    /* count boundary faces */
    for (p=fStart,bf=0;p<fEnd;p++) {
      if (PetscUnlikely(PetscBTLookup(bfaces,p-fStart))) {
        const PetscInt *support;
        PetscInt       supportSize,c;

        ierr = DMPlexGetSupportSize(dm,p,&supportSize);CHKERRQ(ierr);
        ierr = DMPlexGetSupport(dm,p,&support);CHKERRQ(ierr);
        for (c=0;c<supportSize;c++) {
          const    PetscInt *cone;
          PetscInt cell,cl,coneSize;

          cell = support[c];
          if (pown && PetscUnlikely(!PetscBTLookup(pown,cell-cStart))) continue;
          ierr = DMPlexGetCone(dm,cell,&cone);CHKERRQ(ierr);
          ierr = DMPlexGetConeSize(dm,cell,&coneSize);CHKERRQ(ierr);
          for (cl=0;cl<coneSize;cl++) {
            if (cone[cl] == p) {
              bf += 1;
              break;
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
    minl = 1;
    label = NULL;
    if (enable_bmark) {
      PetscInt lminl = PETSC_MAX_INT;

      ierr = DMGetLabel(dm,bmark,&label);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      if (label) {
        IS       vals;
        PetscInt ldef;

        ierr = DMLabelGetDefaultValue(label,&ldef);CHKERRQ(ierr);
        ierr = DMLabelGetValueIS(label,&vals);CHKERRQ(ierr);
        ierr = ISGetMinMax(vals,&lminl,NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
        ierr = ISDestroy(&vals);CHKERRQ(ierr);
        lminl = PetscMin(ldef,lminl);
      }
      ierr = MPIU_Allreduce(&lminl,&minl,1,MPIU_INT,MPI_MIN,PetscObjectComm((PetscObject)dm));CHKERRQ(ierr);
      if (minl == PETSC_MAX_INT) minl = 1;
    }
    ierr = PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(viewer,"%D\n",bf);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    for (p=fStart;p<fEnd;p++) {
      if (PetscUnlikely(PetscBTLookup(bfaces,p-fStart))) {
        const PetscInt *support;
        PetscInt       supportSize,c,nc = 0;

        ierr = DMPlexGetSupportSize(dm,p,&supportSize);CHKERRQ(ierr);
        ierr = DMPlexGetSupport(dm,p,&support);CHKERRQ(ierr);
        if (pown) {
          for (c=0;c<supportSize;c++) {
            if (PetscLikely(PetscBTLookup(pown,support[c]-cStart))) {
              fcells[nc++] = support[c];
            }
          }
        } else for (c=0;c<supportSize;c++) fcells[nc++] = support[c];
        for (c=0;c<nc;c++) {
          const DMPolytopeType *faceTypes;
          DMPolytopeType       cellType;
          const PetscInt       *faceSizes,*cone;
          PetscInt             vids[8],*faces,st,i,coneSize,cell,cl,nv,cid = -1,mid = -1;

          cell = fcells[c];
          ierr = DMPlexGetCone(dm,cell,&cone);CHKERRQ(ierr);
          ierr = DMPlexGetConeSize(dm,cell,&coneSize);CHKERRQ(ierr);
          for (cl=0;cl<coneSize;cl++)
            if (cone[cl] == p)
              break;
          if (cl == coneSize) continue;

          /* face material id and type */
          ierr = DMPlexGetPointMFEMCellID_Internal(dm,label,minl,p,&mid,&cid);CHKERRQ(ierr);
          ierr = PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(viewer,"%D %D",mid,cid);CHKERRQ(ierr);
          /* vertex ids */
          ierr = DMPlexGetCellType(dm,cell,&cellType);CHKERRQ(ierr);
          ierr = DMPlexGetPointMFEMVertexIDs_Internal(dm,cell,(localized && !hovec) ? coordSection : NULL,&nv,vids);CHKERRQ(ierr);
          ierr = DMPlexGetRawFaces_Internal(dm,cellType,vids,NULL,&faceTypes,&faceSizes,(const PetscInt**)&faces);CHKERRQ(ierr);
          st = 0;
          for (i=0;i<cl;i++) st += faceSizes[i];
          ierr = DMPlexInvertCell(faceTypes[cl],faces + st);CHKERRQ(ierr);
          for (i=0;i<faceSizes[cl];i++) {
            ierr = PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(viewer," %d",faces[st+i]);CHKERRQ(ierr);
          }
          ierr = PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(viewer,"\n");CHKERRQ(ierr);
          ierr = DMPlexRestoreRawFaces_Internal(dm,cellType,vids,NULL,&faceTypes,&faceSizes,(const PetscInt**)&faces);CHKERRQ(ierr);
          bf -= 1;
        }
      }
    }
    if (bf) SETERRQ1(PETSC_COMM_SELF,PETSC_ERR_PLIB,"Remaining boundary faces %D",bf);
    ierr = PetscBTDestroy(&bfaces);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = PetscFree(fcells);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  }

  /* mark owned vertices */
  vown = NULL;
  if (pown) {
    ierr = PetscBTCreate(vEnd-vStart,&vown);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    for (p=cStart;p<cEnd;p++) {
      PetscInt i,closureSize,*closure = NULL;

      if (PetscUnlikely(!PetscBTLookup(pown,p-cStart))) continue;
      ierr = DMPlexGetTransitiveClosure(dm,p,PETSC_TRUE,&closureSize,&closure);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      for (i=0;i<closureSize;i++) {
        const PetscInt pp = closure[2*i];

        if (pp >= vStart && pp < vEnd) {
          ierr = PetscBTSet(vown,pp-vStart);CHKERRQ(ierr);
        }
      }
      ierr = DMPlexRestoreTransitiveClosure(dm,p,PETSC_TRUE,&closureSize,&closure);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    }
  }

  /* vertex_parents (Non-conforming meshes) */
  parentSection  = NULL;
  if (enable_ncmesh) {
    ierr = DMPlexGetTree(dm,&parentSection,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  }
  if (parentSection) {
    PetscInt vp,gvp;

    for (vp=0,p=vStart;p<vEnd;p++) {
      DMLabel  dlabel;
      PetscInt parent,depth;

      if (PetscUnlikely(vown && !PetscBTLookup(vown,p-vStart))) continue;
      ierr = DMPlexGetDepthLabel(dm,&dlabel);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      ierr = DMLabelGetValue(dlabel,p,&depth);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      ierr = DMPlexGetTreeParent(dm,p,&parent,NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      if (parent != p) vp++;
    }
    ierr = MPIU_Allreduce(&vp,&gvp,1,MPIU_INT,MPI_SUM,PetscObjectComm((PetscObject)dm));CHKERRQ(ierr);
    if (gvp) {
      PetscInt  maxsupp;
      PetscBool *skip = NULL;

      ierr = PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(viewer,"\nvertex_parents\n");CHKERRQ(ierr);
      ierr = PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(viewer,"%D\n",vp);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      ierr = DMPlexGetMaxSizes(dm,NULL,&maxsupp);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      ierr = PetscMalloc1(maxsupp,&skip);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      for (p=vStart;p<vEnd;p++) {
        DMLabel  dlabel;
        PetscInt parent;

        if (PetscUnlikely(vown && !PetscBTLookup(vown,p-vStart))) continue;
        ierr = DMPlexGetDepthLabel(dm,&dlabel);CHKERRQ(ierr);
        ierr = DMPlexGetTreeParent(dm,p,&parent,NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
        if (parent != p) {
          PetscInt       vids[8] = { -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1 }; /* silent overzealous clang static analyzer */
          PetscInt       i,nv,ssize,n,numChildren,depth = -1;
          const PetscInt *children;

          ierr = DMPlexGetConeSize(dm,parent,&ssize);CHKERRQ(ierr);
          switch (ssize) {
            case 2: /* edge */
              nv   = 0;
              ierr = DMPlexGetPointMFEMVertexIDs_Internal(dm,parent,localized ? coordSection : NULL,&nv,vids);CHKERRQ(ierr);
              ierr = PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(viewer,"%D",p-vStart);CHKERRQ(ierr);
              for (i=0;i<nv;i++) {
                ierr = PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(viewer," %D",vids[i]);CHKERRQ(ierr);
              }
              ierr = PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(viewer,"\n");CHKERRQ(ierr);
              vp--;
              break;
            case 4: /* face */
              ierr = DMPlexGetTreeChildren(dm,parent,&numChildren,&children);CHKERRQ(ierr);
              for (n=0;n<numChildren;n++) {
                ierr = DMLabelGetValue(dlabel,children[n],&depth);CHKERRQ(ierr);
                if (!depth) {
                  const PetscInt *hvsupp,*hesupp,*cone;
                  PetscInt       hvsuppSize,hesuppSize,coneSize;
                  PetscInt       hv = children[n],he = -1,f;

                  ierr = PetscArrayzero(skip,maxsupp);CHKERRQ(ierr);
                  ierr = DMPlexGetSupportSize(dm,hv,&hvsuppSize);CHKERRQ(ierr);
                  ierr = DMPlexGetSupport(dm,hv,&hvsupp);CHKERRQ(ierr);
                  for (i=0;i<hvsuppSize;i++) {
                    PetscInt ep;
                    ierr = DMPlexGetTreeParent(dm,hvsupp[i],&ep,NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
                    if (ep != hvsupp[i]) {
                      he = hvsupp[i];
                    } else {
                      skip[i] = PETSC_TRUE;
                    }
                  }
                  if (he == -1) SETERRQ2(PETSC_COMM_SELF,PETSC_ERR_SUP,"Vertex %D support size %D: hanging edge not found",hv,hvsuppSize);
                  ierr    = DMPlexGetCone(dm,he,&cone);CHKERRQ(ierr);
                  vids[0] = (cone[0] == hv) ? cone[1] : cone[0];
                  ierr    = DMPlexGetSupportSize(dm,he,&hesuppSize);CHKERRQ(ierr);
                  ierr    = DMPlexGetSupport(dm,he,&hesupp);CHKERRQ(ierr);
                  for (f=0;f<hesuppSize;f++) {
                    PetscInt j;

                    ierr = DMPlexGetCone(dm,hesupp[f],&cone);CHKERRQ(ierr);
                    ierr = DMPlexGetConeSize(dm,hesupp[f],&coneSize);CHKERRQ(ierr);
                    for (j=0;j<coneSize;j++) {
                      PetscInt k;
                      for (k=0;k<hvsuppSize;k++) {
                        if (hvsupp[k] == cone[j]) {
                          skip[k] = PETSC_TRUE;
                          break;
                        }
                      }
                    }
                  }
                  for (i=0;i<hvsuppSize;i++) {
                    if (!skip[i]) {
                      ierr = DMPlexGetCone(dm,hvsupp[i],&cone);CHKERRQ(ierr);
                      vids[1] = (cone[0] == hv) ? cone[1] : cone[0];
                    }
                  }
                  ierr = PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(viewer,"%D",hv-vStart);CHKERRQ(ierr);
                  for (i=0;i<2;i++) {
                    ierr = PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(viewer," %D",vids[i]-vStart);CHKERRQ(ierr);
                  }
                  ierr = PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(viewer,"\n");CHKERRQ(ierr);
                  vp--;
                }
              }
              break;
            default:
              SETERRQ1(PETSC_COMM_SELF,PETSC_ERR_SUP,"Don't know how to deal with support size %D",ssize);
          }
        }
      }
      ierr = PetscFree(skip);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    }
    if (vp) SETERRQ1(PETSC_COMM_SELF,PETSC_ERR_PLIB,"Unexpected %D hanging vertices",vp);
  }
  ierr = PetscBTDestroy(&pown);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  ierr = PetscBTDestroy(&vown);CHKERRQ(ierr);

  /* vertices */
  if (hovec) { /* higher-order meshes */
    const char *fec;
    PetscInt   i,n,s;

    ierr = PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(viewer,"\nvertices\n");CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(viewer,"%D\n",vEnd-vStart);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(viewer,"nodes\n");CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = PetscObjectGetName((PetscObject)hovec,&fec);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(viewer,"FiniteElementSpace\n");CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(viewer,"%s\n",fec);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(viewer,"VDim: %D\n",sdim);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(viewer,"Ordering: 1\n\n");CHKERRQ(ierr); /*Ordering::byVDIM*/
    ierr = VecGetArrayRead(hovec,&array);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = VecGetLocalSize(hovec,&n);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    if (n%sdim) SETERRQ2(PETSC_COMM_SELF,PETSC_ERR_USER,"Size of local coordinate vector %D incompatible with space dimension %D",n,sdim);
    for (i=0;i<n/sdim;i++) {
      for (s=0;s<sdim;s++) {
        ierr = PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(viewer,fmt,PetscRealPart(array[i*sdim+s]));CHKERRQ(ierr);
      }
      ierr = PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(viewer,"\n");CHKERRQ(ierr);
    }
    ierr = VecRestoreArrayRead(hovec,&array);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  } else {
    ierr = VecGetLocalSize(coordinates,&nvert);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(viewer,"\nvertices\n");CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(viewer,"%D\n",nvert/sdim);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(viewer,"%D\n",sdim);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    ierr = VecGetArrayRead(coordinates,&array);CHKERRQ(ierr);
    for (p=0;p<nvert/sdim;p++) {
      PetscInt s;
      for (s=0;s<sdim;s++) {
        PetscReal v = PetscRealPart(array[p*sdim+s]);

        ierr = PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(viewer,fmt,PetscIsInfOrNanReal(v) ? 0.0 : v);CHKERRQ(ierr);
      }
      ierr = PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(viewer,"\n");CHKERRQ(ierr);
    }
    ierr = VecRestoreArrayRead(coordinates,&array);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  }
  ierr = VecDestroy(&hovec);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  PetscFunctionReturn(0);
}

PetscErrorCode DMPlexView_GLVis(DM dm, PetscViewer viewer)
{
  PetscErrorCode ierr;
  PetscFunctionBegin;
  ierr = DMView_GLVis(dm,viewer,DMPlexView_GLVis_ASCII);CHKERRQ(ierr);
  PetscFunctionReturn(0);
}