xref: /petsc/src/mat/impls/aij/mpi/mpimatmatmult.c (revision f9426fe092dba0ba2fdf65dfec8d938c4b10a31c)
1 
2 /*
3   Defines matrix-matrix product routines for pairs of MPIAIJ matrices
4           C = A * B
5 */
6 #include <../src/mat/impls/aij/seq/aij.h> /*I "petscmat.h" I*/
7 #include <../src/mat/utils/freespace.h>
8 #include <../src/mat/impls/aij/mpi/mpiaij.h>
9 #include <petscbt.h>
10 #include <../src/mat/impls/dense/mpi/mpidense.h>
11 #include <petsc-private/vecimpl.h>
12 
13 #undef __FUNCT__
14 #define __FUNCT__ "MatMatMult_MPIAIJ_MPIAIJ"
15 PetscErrorCode MatMatMult_MPIAIJ_MPIAIJ(Mat A,Mat B,MatReuse scall,PetscReal fill, Mat *C)
16 {
17   PetscErrorCode ierr;
18   const char     *algTypes[2] = {"scalable","nonscalable"};
19   PetscInt       alg=0; /* set default algorithm */
20 
21   PetscFunctionBegin;
22   if (scall == MAT_INITIAL_MATRIX) {
23     ierr = PetscObjectOptionsBegin((PetscObject)A);CHKERRQ(ierr);
24     ierr = PetscOptionsEList("-matmatmult_via","Algorithmic approach","MatMatMult",algTypes,2,algTypes[0],&alg,NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
25     ierr = PetscOptionsEnd();CHKERRQ(ierr);
26 
27     ierr = PetscLogEventBegin(MAT_MatMultSymbolic,A,B,0,0);CHKERRQ(ierr);
28     switch (alg) {
29     case 1:
30       ierr = MatMatMultSymbolic_MPIAIJ_MPIAIJ_nonscalable(A,B,fill,C);CHKERRQ(ierr);
31       break;
32     default:
33       ierr = MatMatMultSymbolic_MPIAIJ_MPIAIJ(A,B,fill,C);CHKERRQ(ierr);
34       break;
35     }
36     ierr = PetscLogEventEnd(MAT_MatMultSymbolic,A,B,0,0);CHKERRQ(ierr);
37   }
38   ierr = PetscLogEventBegin(MAT_MatMultNumeric,A,B,0,0);CHKERRQ(ierr);
39   ierr = (*(*C)->ops->matmultnumeric)(A,B,*C);CHKERRQ(ierr);
40   ierr = PetscLogEventEnd(MAT_MatMultNumeric,A,B,0,0);CHKERRQ(ierr);
41   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
42 }
43 
44 #undef __FUNCT__
45 #define __FUNCT__ "MatDestroy_MPIAIJ_MatMatMult"
46 PetscErrorCode MatDestroy_MPIAIJ_MatMatMult(Mat A)
47 {
48   PetscErrorCode ierr;
49   Mat_MPIAIJ     *a    = (Mat_MPIAIJ*)A->data;
50   Mat_PtAPMPI    *ptap = a->ptap;
51 
52   PetscFunctionBegin;
53   ierr = PetscFree2(ptap->startsj_s,ptap->startsj_r);CHKERRQ(ierr);
54   ierr = PetscFree(ptap->bufa);CHKERRQ(ierr);
55   ierr = MatDestroy(&ptap->P_loc);CHKERRQ(ierr);
56   ierr = MatDestroy(&ptap->P_oth);CHKERRQ(ierr);
57   ierr = MatDestroy(&ptap->Pt);CHKERRQ(ierr);
58   ierr = PetscFree(ptap->api);CHKERRQ(ierr);
59   ierr = PetscFree(ptap->apj);CHKERRQ(ierr);
60   ierr = PetscFree(ptap->apa);CHKERRQ(ierr);
61   ierr = ptap->destroy(A);CHKERRQ(ierr);
62   ierr = PetscFree(ptap);CHKERRQ(ierr);
63   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
64 }
65 
66 #undef __FUNCT__
67 #define __FUNCT__ "MatDuplicate_MPIAIJ_MatMatMult"
68 PetscErrorCode MatDuplicate_MPIAIJ_MatMatMult(Mat A, MatDuplicateOption op, Mat *M)
69 {
70   PetscErrorCode ierr;
71   Mat_MPIAIJ     *a    = (Mat_MPIAIJ*)A->data;
72   Mat_PtAPMPI    *ptap = a->ptap;
73 
74   PetscFunctionBegin;
75   ierr = (*ptap->duplicate)(A,op,M);CHKERRQ(ierr);
76 
77   (*M)->ops->destroy   = ptap->destroy;   /* = MatDestroy_MPIAIJ, *M doesn't duplicate A's special structure! */
78   (*M)->ops->duplicate = ptap->duplicate; /* = MatDuplicate_MPIAIJ */
79   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
80 }
81 
82 #undef __FUNCT__
83 #define __FUNCT__ "MatMatMultNumeric_MPIAIJ_MPIAIJ"
84 PetscErrorCode MatMatMultNumeric_MPIAIJ_MPIAIJ(Mat A,Mat P,Mat C)
85 {
86   PetscErrorCode ierr;
87   Mat_MPIAIJ     *a  =(Mat_MPIAIJ*)A->data,*c=(Mat_MPIAIJ*)C->data;
88   Mat_SeqAIJ     *ad =(Mat_SeqAIJ*)(a->A)->data,*ao=(Mat_SeqAIJ*)(a->B)->data;
89   Mat_SeqAIJ     *cd =(Mat_SeqAIJ*)(c->A)->data,*co=(Mat_SeqAIJ*)(c->B)->data;
90   PetscInt       *adi=ad->i,*adj,*aoi=ao->i,*aoj;
91   PetscScalar    *ada,*aoa,*cda=cd->a,*coa=co->a;
92   Mat_SeqAIJ     *p_loc,*p_oth;
93   PetscInt       *pi_loc,*pj_loc,*pi_oth,*pj_oth,*pj;
94   PetscScalar    *pa_loc,*pa_oth,*pa,*apa,valtmp,*ca;
95   PetscInt       cm   =C->rmap->n,anz,pnz;
96   Mat_PtAPMPI    *ptap=c->ptap;
97   PetscInt       *api,*apj,*apJ,i,j,k,row;
98   PetscInt       cstart=C->cmap->rstart;
99   PetscInt       cdnz,conz,k0,k1;
100 
101   PetscFunctionBegin;
102   /* 1) get P_oth = ptap->P_oth  and P_loc = ptap->P_loc */
103   /*-----------------------------------------------------*/
104   /* update numerical values of P_oth and P_loc */
105   ierr = MatGetBrowsOfAoCols_MPIAIJ(A,P,MAT_REUSE_MATRIX,&ptap->startsj_s,&ptap->startsj_r,&ptap->bufa,&ptap->P_oth);CHKERRQ(ierr);
106   ierr = MatMPIAIJGetLocalMat(P,MAT_REUSE_MATRIX,&ptap->P_loc);CHKERRQ(ierr);
107 
108   /* 2) compute numeric C_loc = A_loc*P = Ad*P_loc + Ao*P_oth */
109   /*----------------------------------------------------------*/
110   /* get data from symbolic products */
111   p_loc = (Mat_SeqAIJ*)(ptap->P_loc)->data;
112   p_oth = (Mat_SeqAIJ*)(ptap->P_oth)->data;
113   pi_loc=p_loc->i; pj_loc=p_loc->j; pa_loc=p_loc->a;
114   pi_oth=p_oth->i; pj_oth=p_oth->j; pa_oth=p_oth->a;
115 
116   /* get apa for storing dense row A[i,:]*P */
117   apa = ptap->apa;
118 
119   api = ptap->api;
120   apj = ptap->apj;
121   for (i=0; i<cm; i++) {
122     /* diagonal portion of A */
123     anz = adi[i+1] - adi[i];
124     adj = ad->j + adi[i];
125     ada = ad->a + adi[i];
126     for (j=0; j<anz; j++) {
127       row = adj[j];
128       pnz = pi_loc[row+1] - pi_loc[row];
129       pj  = pj_loc + pi_loc[row];
130       pa  = pa_loc + pi_loc[row];
131 
132       /* perform dense axpy */
133       valtmp = ada[j];
134       for (k=0; k<pnz; k++) {
135         apa[pj[k]] += valtmp*pa[k];
136       }
137       ierr = PetscLogFlops(2.0*pnz);CHKERRQ(ierr);
138     }
139 
140     /* off-diagonal portion of A */
141     anz = aoi[i+1] - aoi[i];
142     aoj = ao->j + aoi[i];
143     aoa = ao->a + aoi[i];
144     for (j=0; j<anz; j++) {
145       row = aoj[j];
146       pnz = pi_oth[row+1] - pi_oth[row];
147       pj  = pj_oth + pi_oth[row];
148       pa  = pa_oth + pi_oth[row];
149 
150       /* perform dense axpy */
151       valtmp = aoa[j];
152       for (k=0; k<pnz; k++) {
153         apa[pj[k]] += valtmp*pa[k];
154       }
155       ierr = PetscLogFlops(2.0*pnz);CHKERRQ(ierr);
156     }
157 
158     /* set values in C */
159     apJ  = apj + api[i];
160     cdnz = cd->i[i+1] - cd->i[i];
161     conz = co->i[i+1] - co->i[i];
162 
163     /* 1st off-diagoanl part of C */
164     ca = coa + co->i[i];
165     k  = 0;
166     for (k0=0; k0<conz; k0++) {
167       if (apJ[k] >= cstart) break;
168       ca[k0]      = apa[apJ[k]];
169       apa[apJ[k]] = 0.0;
170       k++;
171     }
172 
173     /* diagonal part of C */
174     ca = cda + cd->i[i];
175     for (k1=0; k1<cdnz; k1++) {
176       ca[k1]      = apa[apJ[k]];
177       apa[apJ[k]] = 0.0;
178       k++;
179     }
180 
181     /* 2nd off-diagoanl part of C */
182     ca = coa + co->i[i];
183     for (; k0<conz; k0++) {
184       ca[k0]      = apa[apJ[k]];
185       apa[apJ[k]] = 0.0;
186       k++;
187     }
188   }
189   ierr = MatAssemblyBegin(C,MAT_FINAL_ASSEMBLY);CHKERRQ(ierr);
190   ierr = MatAssemblyEnd(C,MAT_FINAL_ASSEMBLY);CHKERRQ(ierr);
191   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
192 }
193 
194 #undef __FUNCT__
195 #define __FUNCT__ "MatMatMultSymbolic_MPIAIJ_MPIAIJ_nonscalable"
196 PetscErrorCode MatMatMultSymbolic_MPIAIJ_MPIAIJ_nonscalable(Mat A,Mat P,PetscReal fill,Mat *C)
197 {
198   PetscErrorCode     ierr;
199   MPI_Comm           comm;
200   Mat                Cmpi;
201   Mat_PtAPMPI        *ptap;
202   PetscFreeSpaceList free_space=NULL,current_space=NULL;
203   Mat_MPIAIJ         *a        =(Mat_MPIAIJ*)A->data,*c;
204   Mat_SeqAIJ         *ad       =(Mat_SeqAIJ*)(a->A)->data,*ao=(Mat_SeqAIJ*)(a->B)->data,*p_loc,*p_oth;
205   PetscInt           *pi_loc,*pj_loc,*pi_oth,*pj_oth,*dnz,*onz;
206   PetscInt           *adi=ad->i,*adj=ad->j,*aoi=ao->i,*aoj=ao->j,rstart=A->rmap->rstart;
207   PetscInt           *lnk,i,pnz,row,*api,*apj,*Jptr,apnz,nspacedouble=0,j,nzi;
208   PetscInt           am=A->rmap->n,pN=P->cmap->N,pn=P->cmap->n,pm=P->rmap->n;
209   PetscBT            lnkbt;
210   PetscScalar        *apa;
211   PetscReal          afill;
212   PetscInt           nlnk_max,armax,prmax;
213 
214   PetscFunctionBegin;
215   ierr = PetscObjectGetComm((PetscObject)A,&comm);CHKERRQ(ierr);
216   if (A->cmap->rstart != P->rmap->rstart || A->cmap->rend != P->rmap->rend) {
217     SETERRQ4(comm,PETSC_ERR_ARG_SIZ,"Matrix local dimensions are incompatible, (%D, %D) != (%D,%D)",A->cmap->rstart,A->cmap->rend,P->rmap->rstart,P->rmap->rend);
218   }
219 
220   /* create struct Mat_PtAPMPI and attached it to C later */
221   ierr = PetscNew(Mat_PtAPMPI,&ptap);CHKERRQ(ierr);
222 
223   /* get P_oth by taking rows of P (= non-zero cols of local A) from other processors */
224   ierr = MatGetBrowsOfAoCols_MPIAIJ(A,P,MAT_INITIAL_MATRIX,&ptap->startsj_s,&ptap->startsj_r,&ptap->bufa,&ptap->P_oth);CHKERRQ(ierr);
225 
226   /* get P_loc by taking all local rows of P */
227   ierr = MatMPIAIJGetLocalMat(P,MAT_INITIAL_MATRIX,&ptap->P_loc);CHKERRQ(ierr);
228 
229   p_loc  = (Mat_SeqAIJ*)(ptap->P_loc)->data;
230   p_oth  = (Mat_SeqAIJ*)(ptap->P_oth)->data;
231   pi_loc = p_loc->i; pj_loc = p_loc->j;
232   pi_oth = p_oth->i; pj_oth = p_oth->j;
233 
234   /* first, compute symbolic AP = A_loc*P = A_diag*P_loc + A_off*P_oth */
235   /*-------------------------------------------------------------------*/
236   ierr      = PetscMalloc((am+2)*sizeof(PetscInt),&api);CHKERRQ(ierr);
237   ptap->api = api;
238   api[0]    = 0;
239 
240   /* create and initialize a linked list */
241   armax    = ad->rmax+ao->rmax;
242   prmax    = PetscMax(p_loc->rmax,p_oth->rmax);
243   nlnk_max = armax*prmax;
244   if (!nlnk_max || nlnk_max > pN) nlnk_max = pN;
245   ierr = PetscLLCondensedCreate(nlnk_max,pN,&lnk,&lnkbt);CHKERRQ(ierr);
246 
247   /* Initial FreeSpace size is fill*(nnz(A)+nnz(P)) */
248   ierr = PetscFreeSpaceGet((PetscInt)(fill*(adi[am]+aoi[am]+pi_loc[pm])),&free_space);CHKERRQ(ierr);
249 
250   current_space = free_space;
251 
252   ierr = MatPreallocateInitialize(comm,am,pn,dnz,onz);CHKERRQ(ierr);
253   for (i=0; i<am; i++) {
254     /* diagonal portion of A */
255     nzi = adi[i+1] - adi[i];
256     for (j=0; j<nzi; j++) {
257       row  = *adj++;
258       pnz  = pi_loc[row+1] - pi_loc[row];
259       Jptr = pj_loc + pi_loc[row];
260       /* add non-zero cols of P into the sorted linked list lnk */
261       ierr = PetscLLCondensedAddSorted(pnz,Jptr,lnk,lnkbt);CHKERRQ(ierr);
262     }
263     /* off-diagonal portion of A */
264     nzi = aoi[i+1] - aoi[i];
265     for (j=0; j<nzi; j++) {
266       row  = *aoj++;
267       pnz  = pi_oth[row+1] - pi_oth[row];
268       Jptr = pj_oth + pi_oth[row];
269       ierr = PetscLLCondensedAddSorted(pnz,Jptr,lnk,lnkbt);CHKERRQ(ierr);
270     }
271 
272     apnz     = lnk[0];
273     api[i+1] = api[i] + apnz;
274 
275     /* if free space is not available, double the total space in the list */
276     if (current_space->local_remaining<apnz) {
277       ierr = PetscFreeSpaceGet(apnz+current_space->total_array_size,&current_space);CHKERRQ(ierr);
278       nspacedouble++;
279     }
280 
281     /* Copy data into free space, then initialize lnk */
282     ierr = PetscLLCondensedClean(pN,apnz,current_space->array,lnk,lnkbt);CHKERRQ(ierr);
283     ierr = MatPreallocateSet(i+rstart,apnz,current_space->array,dnz,onz);CHKERRQ(ierr);
284 
285     current_space->array           += apnz;
286     current_space->local_used      += apnz;
287     current_space->local_remaining -= apnz;
288   }
289 
290   /* Allocate space for apj, initialize apj, and */
291   /* destroy list of free space and other temporary array(s) */
292   ierr = PetscMalloc((api[am]+1)*sizeof(PetscInt),&ptap->apj);CHKERRQ(ierr);
293   apj  = ptap->apj;
294   ierr = PetscFreeSpaceContiguous(&free_space,ptap->apj);CHKERRQ(ierr);
295   ierr = PetscLLDestroy(lnk,lnkbt);CHKERRQ(ierr);
296 
297   /* malloc apa to store dense row A[i,:]*P */
298   ierr = PetscMalloc(pN*sizeof(PetscScalar),&apa);CHKERRQ(ierr);
299   ierr = PetscMemzero(apa,pN*sizeof(PetscScalar));CHKERRQ(ierr);
300 
301   ptap->apa = apa;
302 
303   /* create and assemble symbolic parallel matrix Cmpi */
304   /*----------------------------------------------------*/
305   ierr = MatCreate(comm,&Cmpi);CHKERRQ(ierr);
306   ierr = MatSetSizes(Cmpi,am,pn,PETSC_DETERMINE,PETSC_DETERMINE);CHKERRQ(ierr);
307   ierr = MatSetBlockSizes(Cmpi,A->rmap->bs,P->cmap->bs);CHKERRQ(ierr);
308 
309   ierr = MatSetType(Cmpi,MATMPIAIJ);CHKERRQ(ierr);
310   ierr = MatMPIAIJSetPreallocation(Cmpi,0,dnz,0,onz);CHKERRQ(ierr);
311   ierr = MatPreallocateFinalize(dnz,onz);CHKERRQ(ierr);
312   for (i=0; i<am; i++) {
313     row  = i + rstart;
314     apnz = api[i+1] - api[i];
315     ierr = MatSetValues(Cmpi,1,&row,apnz,apj,apa,INSERT_VALUES);CHKERRQ(ierr);
316     apj += apnz;
317   }
318   ierr = MatAssemblyBegin(Cmpi,MAT_FINAL_ASSEMBLY);CHKERRQ(ierr);
319   ierr = MatAssemblyEnd(Cmpi,MAT_FINAL_ASSEMBLY);CHKERRQ(ierr);
320 
321   ptap->destroy        = Cmpi->ops->destroy;
322   ptap->duplicate      = Cmpi->ops->duplicate;
323   Cmpi->ops->destroy   = MatDestroy_MPIAIJ_MatMatMult;
324   Cmpi->ops->duplicate = MatDuplicate_MPIAIJ_MatMatMult;
325 
326   /* attach the supporting struct to Cmpi for reuse */
327   c       = (Mat_MPIAIJ*)Cmpi->data;
328   c->ptap = ptap;
329 
330   *C = Cmpi;
331 
332   /* set MatInfo */
333   afill = (PetscReal)api[am]/(adi[am]+aoi[am]+pi_loc[pm]+1) + 1.e-5;
334   if (afill < 1.0) afill = 1.0;
335   Cmpi->info.mallocs           = nspacedouble;
336   Cmpi->info.fill_ratio_given  = fill;
337   Cmpi->info.fill_ratio_needed = afill;
338 
339 #if defined(PETSC_USE_INFO)
340   if (api[am]) {
341     ierr = PetscInfo3(Cmpi,"Reallocs %D; Fill ratio: given %G needed %G.\n",nspacedouble,fill,afill);CHKERRQ(ierr);
342     ierr = PetscInfo1(Cmpi,"Use MatMatMult(A,B,MatReuse,%G,&C) for best performance.;\n",afill);CHKERRQ(ierr);
343   } else {
344     ierr = PetscInfo(Cmpi,"Empty matrix product\n");CHKERRQ(ierr);
345   }
346 #endif
347   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
348 }
349 
350 #undef __FUNCT__
351 #define __FUNCT__ "MatMatMult_MPIAIJ_MPIDense"
352 PetscErrorCode MatMatMult_MPIAIJ_MPIDense(Mat A,Mat B,MatReuse scall,PetscReal fill,Mat *C)
353 {
354   PetscErrorCode ierr;
355 
356   PetscFunctionBegin;
357   if (scall == MAT_INITIAL_MATRIX) {
358     ierr = PetscLogEventBegin(MAT_MatMultSymbolic,A,B,0,0);CHKERRQ(ierr);
359     ierr = MatMatMultSymbolic_MPIAIJ_MPIDense(A,B,fill,C);CHKERRQ(ierr);
360     ierr = PetscLogEventEnd(MAT_MatMultSymbolic,A,B,0,0);CHKERRQ(ierr);
361   }
362   ierr = PetscLogEventBegin(MAT_MatMultNumeric,A,B,0,0);CHKERRQ(ierr);
363   ierr = MatMatMultNumeric_MPIAIJ_MPIDense(A,B,*C);CHKERRQ(ierr);
364   ierr = PetscLogEventEnd(MAT_MatMultNumeric,A,B,0,0);CHKERRQ(ierr);
365   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
366 }
367 
368 typedef struct {
369   Mat         workB;
370   PetscScalar *rvalues,*svalues;
371   MPI_Request *rwaits,*swaits;
372 } MPIAIJ_MPIDense;
373 
374 #undef __FUNCT__
375 #define __FUNCT__ "MatMPIAIJ_MPIDenseDestroy"
376 PetscErrorCode MatMPIAIJ_MPIDenseDestroy(void *ctx)
377 {
378   MPIAIJ_MPIDense *contents = (MPIAIJ_MPIDense*) ctx;
379   PetscErrorCode  ierr;
380 
381   PetscFunctionBegin;
382   ierr = MatDestroy(&contents->workB);CHKERRQ(ierr);
383   ierr = PetscFree4(contents->rvalues,contents->svalues,contents->rwaits,contents->swaits);CHKERRQ(ierr);
384   ierr = PetscFree(contents);CHKERRQ(ierr);
385   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
386 }
387 
388 #undef __FUNCT__
389 #define __FUNCT__ "MatMatMultSymbolic_MPIAIJ_MPIDense"
390 PetscErrorCode MatMatMultSymbolic_MPIAIJ_MPIDense(Mat A,Mat B,PetscReal fill,Mat *C)
391 {
392   PetscErrorCode         ierr;
393   Mat_MPIAIJ             *aij = (Mat_MPIAIJ*) A->data;
394   PetscInt               nz   = aij->B->cmap->n;
395   PetscContainer         container;
396   MPIAIJ_MPIDense        *contents;
397   VecScatter             ctx   = aij->Mvctx;
398   VecScatter_MPI_General *from = (VecScatter_MPI_General*) ctx->fromdata;
399   VecScatter_MPI_General *to   = (VecScatter_MPI_General*) ctx->todata;
400   PetscInt               m     = A->rmap->n,n=B->cmap->n;
401 
402   PetscFunctionBegin;
403   ierr = MatCreate(PetscObjectComm((PetscObject)B),C);CHKERRQ(ierr);
404   ierr = MatSetSizes(*C,m,n,A->rmap->N,B->cmap->N);CHKERRQ(ierr);
405   ierr = MatSetBlockSizes(*C,A->rmap->bs,B->cmap->bs);CHKERRQ(ierr);
406   ierr = MatSetType(*C,MATMPIDENSE);CHKERRQ(ierr);
407   ierr = MatMPIDenseSetPreallocation(*C,NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
408   ierr = MatAssemblyBegin(*C,MAT_FINAL_ASSEMBLY);CHKERRQ(ierr);
409   ierr = MatAssemblyEnd(*C,MAT_FINAL_ASSEMBLY);CHKERRQ(ierr);
410 
411   (*C)->ops->matmultnumeric = MatMatMultNumeric_MPIAIJ_MPIDense;
412 
413   ierr = PetscNew(MPIAIJ_MPIDense,&contents);CHKERRQ(ierr);
414   /* Create work matrix used to store off processor rows of B needed for local product */
415   ierr = MatCreateSeqDense(PETSC_COMM_SELF,nz,B->cmap->N,NULL,&contents->workB);CHKERRQ(ierr);
416   /* Create work arrays needed */
417   ierr = PetscMalloc4(B->cmap->N*from->starts[from->n],PetscScalar,&contents->rvalues,
418                       B->cmap->N*to->starts[to->n],PetscScalar,&contents->svalues,
419                       from->n,MPI_Request,&contents->rwaits,
420                       to->n,MPI_Request,&contents->swaits);CHKERRQ(ierr);
421 
422   ierr = PetscContainerCreate(PetscObjectComm((PetscObject)A),&container);CHKERRQ(ierr);
423   ierr = PetscContainerSetPointer(container,contents);CHKERRQ(ierr);
424   ierr = PetscContainerSetUserDestroy(container,MatMPIAIJ_MPIDenseDestroy);CHKERRQ(ierr);
425   ierr = PetscObjectCompose((PetscObject)(*C),"workB",(PetscObject)container);CHKERRQ(ierr);
426   ierr = PetscContainerDestroy(&container);CHKERRQ(ierr);
427   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
428 }
429 
430 #undef __FUNCT__
431 #define __FUNCT__ "MatMPIDenseScatter"
432 /*
433     Performs an efficient scatter on the rows of B needed by this process; this is
434     a modification of the VecScatterBegin_() routines.
435 */
436 PetscErrorCode MatMPIDenseScatter(Mat A,Mat B,Mat C,Mat *outworkB)
437 {
438   Mat_MPIAIJ             *aij = (Mat_MPIAIJ*)A->data;
439   PetscErrorCode         ierr;
440   PetscScalar            *b,*w,*svalues,*rvalues;
441   VecScatter             ctx   = aij->Mvctx;
442   VecScatter_MPI_General *from = (VecScatter_MPI_General*) ctx->fromdata;
443   VecScatter_MPI_General *to   = (VecScatter_MPI_General*) ctx->todata;
444   PetscInt               i,j,k;
445   PetscInt               *sindices,*sstarts,*rindices,*rstarts;
446   PetscMPIInt            *sprocs,*rprocs,nrecvs;
447   MPI_Request            *swaits,*rwaits;
448   MPI_Comm               comm;
449   PetscMPIInt            tag  = ((PetscObject)ctx)->tag,ncols = B->cmap->N, nrows = aij->B->cmap->n,imdex,nrowsB = B->rmap->n;
450   MPI_Status             status;
451   MPIAIJ_MPIDense        *contents;
452   PetscContainer         container;
453   Mat                    workB;
454 
455   PetscFunctionBegin;
456   ierr = PetscObjectGetComm((PetscObject)A,&comm);CHKERRQ(ierr);
457   ierr = PetscObjectQuery((PetscObject)C,"workB",(PetscObject*)&container);CHKERRQ(ierr);
458   if (!container) SETERRQ(comm,PETSC_ERR_PLIB,"Container does not exist");
459   ierr = PetscContainerGetPointer(container,(void**)&contents);CHKERRQ(ierr);
460 
461   workB = *outworkB = contents->workB;
462   if (nrows != workB->rmap->n) SETERRQ2(comm,PETSC_ERR_PLIB,"Number of rows of workB %D not equal to columns of aij->B %D",nrows,workB->cmap->n);
463   sindices = to->indices;
464   sstarts  = to->starts;
465   sprocs   = to->procs;
466   swaits   = contents->swaits;
467   svalues  = contents->svalues;
468 
469   rindices = from->indices;
470   rstarts  = from->starts;
471   rprocs   = from->procs;
472   rwaits   = contents->rwaits;
473   rvalues  = contents->rvalues;
474 
475   ierr = MatDenseGetArray(B,&b);CHKERRQ(ierr);
476   ierr = MatDenseGetArray(workB,&w);CHKERRQ(ierr);
477 
478   for (i=0; i<from->n; i++) {
479     ierr = MPI_Irecv(rvalues+ncols*rstarts[i],ncols*(rstarts[i+1]-rstarts[i]),MPIU_SCALAR,rprocs[i],tag,comm,rwaits+i);CHKERRQ(ierr);
480   }
481 
482   for (i=0; i<to->n; i++) {
483     /* pack a message at a time */
484     for (j=0; j<sstarts[i+1]-sstarts[i]; j++) {
485       for (k=0; k<ncols; k++) {
486         svalues[ncols*(sstarts[i] + j) + k] = b[sindices[sstarts[i]+j] + nrowsB*k];
487       }
488     }
489     ierr = MPI_Isend(svalues+ncols*sstarts[i],ncols*(sstarts[i+1]-sstarts[i]),MPIU_SCALAR,sprocs[i],tag,comm,swaits+i);CHKERRQ(ierr);
490   }
491 
492   nrecvs = from->n;
493   while (nrecvs) {
494     ierr = MPI_Waitany(from->n,rwaits,&imdex,&status);CHKERRQ(ierr);
495     nrecvs--;
496     /* unpack a message at a time */
497     for (j=0; j<rstarts[imdex+1]-rstarts[imdex]; j++) {
498       for (k=0; k<ncols; k++) {
499         w[rindices[rstarts[imdex]+j] + nrows*k] = rvalues[ncols*(rstarts[imdex] + j) + k];
500       }
501     }
502   }
503   if (to->n) {ierr = MPI_Waitall(to->n,swaits,to->sstatus);CHKERRQ(ierr);}
504 
505   ierr = MatDenseRestoreArray(B,&b);CHKERRQ(ierr);
506   ierr = MatDenseRestoreArray(workB,&w);CHKERRQ(ierr);
507   ierr = MatAssemblyBegin(workB,MAT_FINAL_ASSEMBLY);CHKERRQ(ierr);
508   ierr = MatAssemblyEnd(workB,MAT_FINAL_ASSEMBLY);CHKERRQ(ierr);
509   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
510 }
511 extern PetscErrorCode MatMatMultNumericAdd_SeqAIJ_SeqDense(Mat,Mat,Mat);
512 
513 #undef __FUNCT__
514 #define __FUNCT__ "MatMatMultNumeric_MPIAIJ_MPIDense"
515 PetscErrorCode MatMatMultNumeric_MPIAIJ_MPIDense(Mat A,Mat B,Mat C)
516 {
517   PetscErrorCode ierr;
518   Mat_MPIAIJ     *aij    = (Mat_MPIAIJ*)A->data;
519   Mat_MPIDense   *bdense = (Mat_MPIDense*)B->data;
520   Mat_MPIDense   *cdense = (Mat_MPIDense*)C->data;
521   Mat            workB;
522 
523   PetscFunctionBegin;
524   /* diagonal block of A times all local rows of B*/
525   ierr = MatMatMultNumeric_SeqAIJ_SeqDense(aij->A,bdense->A,cdense->A);CHKERRQ(ierr);
526 
527   /* get off processor parts of B needed to complete the product */
528   ierr = MatMPIDenseScatter(A,B,C,&workB);CHKERRQ(ierr);
529 
530   /* off-diagonal block of A times nonlocal rows of B */
531   ierr = MatMatMultNumericAdd_SeqAIJ_SeqDense(aij->B,workB,cdense->A);CHKERRQ(ierr);
532   ierr = MatAssemblyBegin(C,MAT_FINAL_ASSEMBLY);CHKERRQ(ierr);
533   ierr = MatAssemblyEnd(C,MAT_FINAL_ASSEMBLY);CHKERRQ(ierr);
534   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
535 }
536 
537 #undef __FUNCT__
538 #define __FUNCT__ "MatMatMultNumeric_MPIAIJ_MPIAIJ_Scalable"
539 PetscErrorCode MatMatMultNumeric_MPIAIJ_MPIAIJ_Scalable(Mat A,Mat P,Mat C)
540 {
541   PetscErrorCode ierr;
542   Mat_MPIAIJ     *a   = (Mat_MPIAIJ*)A->data,*c=(Mat_MPIAIJ*)C->data;
543   Mat_SeqAIJ     *ad  = (Mat_SeqAIJ*)(a->A)->data,*ao=(Mat_SeqAIJ*)(a->B)->data;
544   Mat_SeqAIJ     *cd  = (Mat_SeqAIJ*)(c->A)->data,*co=(Mat_SeqAIJ*)(c->B)->data;
545   PetscInt       *adi = ad->i,*adj,*aoi=ao->i,*aoj;
546   PetscScalar    *ada,*aoa,*cda=cd->a,*coa=co->a;
547   Mat_SeqAIJ     *p_loc,*p_oth;
548   PetscInt       *pi_loc,*pj_loc,*pi_oth,*pj_oth,*pj;
549   PetscScalar    *pa_loc,*pa_oth,*pa,valtmp,*ca;
550   PetscInt       cm          = C->rmap->n,anz,pnz;
551   Mat_PtAPMPI    *ptap       = c->ptap;
552   PetscScalar    *apa_sparse = ptap->apa;
553   PetscInt       *api,*apj,*apJ,i,j,k,row;
554   PetscInt       cstart = C->cmap->rstart;
555   PetscInt       cdnz,conz,k0,k1,nextp;
556 
557   PetscFunctionBegin;
558   /* 1) get P_oth = ptap->P_oth  and P_loc = ptap->P_loc */
559   /*-----------------------------------------------------*/
560   /* update numerical values of P_oth and P_loc */
561   ierr = MatGetBrowsOfAoCols_MPIAIJ(A,P,MAT_REUSE_MATRIX,&ptap->startsj_s,&ptap->startsj_r,&ptap->bufa,&ptap->P_oth);CHKERRQ(ierr);
562   ierr = MatMPIAIJGetLocalMat(P,MAT_REUSE_MATRIX,&ptap->P_loc);CHKERRQ(ierr);
563 
564   /* 2) compute numeric C_loc = A_loc*P = Ad*P_loc + Ao*P_oth */
565   /*----------------------------------------------------------*/
566   /* get data from symbolic products */
567   p_loc = (Mat_SeqAIJ*)(ptap->P_loc)->data;
568   p_oth = (Mat_SeqAIJ*)(ptap->P_oth)->data;
569   pi_loc=p_loc->i; pj_loc=p_loc->j; pa_loc=p_loc->a;
570   pi_oth=p_oth->i; pj_oth=p_oth->j; pa_oth=p_oth->a;
571 
572   api = ptap->api;
573   apj = ptap->apj;
574   for (i=0; i<cm; i++) {
575     apJ = apj + api[i];
576 
577     /* diagonal portion of A */
578     anz = adi[i+1] - adi[i];
579     adj = ad->j + adi[i];
580     ada = ad->a + adi[i];
581     for (j=0; j<anz; j++) {
582       row = adj[j];
583       pnz = pi_loc[row+1] - pi_loc[row];
584       pj  = pj_loc + pi_loc[row];
585       pa  = pa_loc + pi_loc[row];
586       /* perform sparse axpy */
587       valtmp = ada[j];
588       nextp  = 0;
589       for (k=0; nextp<pnz; k++) {
590         if (apJ[k] == pj[nextp]) { /* column of AP == column of P */
591           apa_sparse[k] += valtmp*pa[nextp++];
592         }
593       }
594       ierr = PetscLogFlops(2.0*pnz);CHKERRQ(ierr);
595     }
596 
597     /* off-diagonal portion of A */
598     anz = aoi[i+1] - aoi[i];
599     aoj = ao->j + aoi[i];
600     aoa = ao->a + aoi[i];
601     for (j=0; j<anz; j++) {
602       row = aoj[j];
603       pnz = pi_oth[row+1] - pi_oth[row];
604       pj  = pj_oth + pi_oth[row];
605       pa  = pa_oth + pi_oth[row];
606       /* perform sparse axpy */
607       valtmp = aoa[j];
608       nextp  = 0;
609       for (k=0; nextp<pnz; k++) {
610         if (apJ[k] == pj[nextp]) { /* column of AP == column of P */
611           apa_sparse[k] += valtmp*pa[nextp++];
612         }
613       }
614       ierr = PetscLogFlops(2.0*pnz);CHKERRQ(ierr);
615     }
616 
617     /* set values in C */
618     cdnz = cd->i[i+1] - cd->i[i];
619     conz = co->i[i+1] - co->i[i];
620 
621     /* 1st off-diagoanl part of C */
622     ca = coa + co->i[i];
623     k  = 0;
624     for (k0=0; k0<conz; k0++) {
625       if (apJ[k] >= cstart) break;
626       ca[k0]        = apa_sparse[k];
627       apa_sparse[k] = 0.0;
628       k++;
629     }
630 
631     /* diagonal part of C */
632     ca = cda + cd->i[i];
633     for (k1=0; k1<cdnz; k1++) {
634       ca[k1]        = apa_sparse[k];
635       apa_sparse[k] = 0.0;
636       k++;
637     }
638 
639     /* 2nd off-diagoanl part of C */
640     ca = coa + co->i[i];
641     for (; k0<conz; k0++) {
642       ca[k0]        = apa_sparse[k];
643       apa_sparse[k] = 0.0;
644       k++;
645     }
646   }
647   ierr = MatAssemblyBegin(C,MAT_FINAL_ASSEMBLY);CHKERRQ(ierr);
648   ierr = MatAssemblyEnd(C,MAT_FINAL_ASSEMBLY);CHKERRQ(ierr);
649   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
650 }
651 
652 /* same as MatMatMultSymbolic_MPIAIJ_MPIAIJ_nonscalable(), except using LLCondensed to avoid O(BN) memory requirement */
653 #undef __FUNCT__
654 #define __FUNCT__ "MatMatMultSymbolic_MPIAIJ_MPIAIJ"
655 PetscErrorCode MatMatMultSymbolic_MPIAIJ_MPIAIJ(Mat A,Mat P,PetscReal fill,Mat *C)
656 {
657   PetscErrorCode     ierr;
658   MPI_Comm           comm;
659   Mat                Cmpi;
660   Mat_PtAPMPI        *ptap;
661   PetscFreeSpaceList free_space = NULL,current_space=NULL;
662   Mat_MPIAIJ         *a         = (Mat_MPIAIJ*)A->data,*c;
663   Mat_SeqAIJ         *ad        = (Mat_SeqAIJ*)(a->A)->data,*ao=(Mat_SeqAIJ*)(a->B)->data,*p_loc,*p_oth;
664   PetscInt           *pi_loc,*pj_loc,*pi_oth,*pj_oth,*dnz,*onz;
665   PetscInt           *adi=ad->i,*adj=ad->j,*aoi=ao->i,*aoj=ao->j,rstart=A->rmap->rstart;
666   PetscInt           i,pnz,row,*api,*apj,*Jptr,apnz,nspacedouble=0,j,nzi,*lnk,apnz_max=0;
667   PetscInt           am=A->rmap->n,pN=P->cmap->N,pn=P->cmap->n,pm=P->rmap->n;
668   PetscInt           nlnk_max,armax,prmax;
669   PetscReal          afill;
670   PetscScalar        *apa;
671 
672   PetscFunctionBegin;
673   ierr = PetscObjectGetComm((PetscObject)A,&comm);CHKERRQ(ierr);
674   /* create struct Mat_PtAPMPI and attached it to C later */
675   ierr = PetscNew(Mat_PtAPMPI,&ptap);CHKERRQ(ierr);
676 
677   /* get P_oth by taking rows of P (= non-zero cols of local A) from other processors */
678   ierr = MatGetBrowsOfAoCols_MPIAIJ(A,P,MAT_INITIAL_MATRIX,&ptap->startsj_s,&ptap->startsj_r,&ptap->bufa,&ptap->P_oth);CHKERRQ(ierr);
679 
680   /* get P_loc by taking all local rows of P */
681   ierr = MatMPIAIJGetLocalMat(P,MAT_INITIAL_MATRIX,&ptap->P_loc);CHKERRQ(ierr);
682 
683   p_loc  = (Mat_SeqAIJ*)(ptap->P_loc)->data;
684   p_oth  = (Mat_SeqAIJ*)(ptap->P_oth)->data;
685   pi_loc = p_loc->i; pj_loc = p_loc->j;
686   pi_oth = p_oth->i; pj_oth = p_oth->j;
687 
688   /* first, compute symbolic AP = A_loc*P = A_diag*P_loc + A_off*P_oth */
689   /*-------------------------------------------------------------------*/
690   ierr      = PetscMalloc((am+2)*sizeof(PetscInt),&api);CHKERRQ(ierr);
691   ptap->api = api;
692   api[0]    = 0;
693 
694   /* create and initialize a linked list */
695   armax    = ad->rmax+ao->rmax;
696   prmax    = PetscMax(p_loc->rmax,p_oth->rmax);
697   nlnk_max = armax*prmax;
698   if (!nlnk_max || nlnk_max > pN) nlnk_max = pN;
699   ierr = PetscLLCondensedCreate_Scalable(nlnk_max,&lnk);CHKERRQ(ierr);
700 
701   /* Initial FreeSpace size is fill*(nnz(A)+nnz(P)) */
702   ierr = PetscFreeSpaceGet((PetscInt)(fill*(adi[am]+aoi[am]+pi_loc[pm])),&free_space);CHKERRQ(ierr);
703 
704   current_space = free_space;
705 
706   ierr = MatPreallocateInitialize(comm,am,pn,dnz,onz);CHKERRQ(ierr);
707   for (i=0; i<am; i++) {
708     /* diagonal portion of A */
709     nzi = adi[i+1] - adi[i];
710     for (j=0; j<nzi; j++) {
711       row  = *adj++;
712       pnz  = pi_loc[row+1] - pi_loc[row];
713       Jptr = pj_loc + pi_loc[row];
714       /* add non-zero cols of P into the sorted linked list lnk */
715       ierr = PetscLLCondensedAddSorted_Scalable(pnz,Jptr,lnk);CHKERRQ(ierr);
716     }
717     /* off-diagonal portion of A */
718     nzi = aoi[i+1] - aoi[i];
719     for (j=0; j<nzi; j++) {
720       row  = *aoj++;
721       pnz  = pi_oth[row+1] - pi_oth[row];
722       Jptr = pj_oth + pi_oth[row];
723       ierr = PetscLLCondensedAddSorted_Scalable(pnz,Jptr,lnk);CHKERRQ(ierr);
724     }
725 
726     apnz     = *lnk;
727     api[i+1] = api[i] + apnz;
728     if (apnz > apnz_max) apnz_max = apnz;
729 
730     /* if free space is not available, double the total space in the list */
731     if (current_space->local_remaining<apnz) {
732       ierr = PetscFreeSpaceGet(apnz+current_space->total_array_size,&current_space);CHKERRQ(ierr);
733       nspacedouble++;
734     }
735 
736     /* Copy data into free space, then initialize lnk */
737     ierr = PetscLLCondensedClean_Scalable(apnz,current_space->array,lnk);CHKERRQ(ierr);
738     ierr = MatPreallocateSet(i+rstart,apnz,current_space->array,dnz,onz);CHKERRQ(ierr);
739 
740     current_space->array           += apnz;
741     current_space->local_used      += apnz;
742     current_space->local_remaining -= apnz;
743   }
744 
745   /* Allocate space for apj, initialize apj, and */
746   /* destroy list of free space and other temporary array(s) */
747   ierr = PetscMalloc((api[am]+1)*sizeof(PetscInt),&ptap->apj);CHKERRQ(ierr);
748   apj  = ptap->apj;
749   ierr = PetscFreeSpaceContiguous(&free_space,ptap->apj);CHKERRQ(ierr);
750   ierr = PetscLLCondensedDestroy_Scalable(lnk);CHKERRQ(ierr);
751 
752   /* create and assemble symbolic parallel matrix Cmpi */
753   /*----------------------------------------------------*/
754   ierr = MatCreate(comm,&Cmpi);CHKERRQ(ierr);
755   ierr = MatSetSizes(Cmpi,am,pn,PETSC_DETERMINE,PETSC_DETERMINE);CHKERRQ(ierr);
756   ierr = MatSetBlockSizes(Cmpi,A->rmap->bs,P->cmap->bs);CHKERRQ(ierr);
757   ierr = MatSetType(Cmpi,MATMPIAIJ);CHKERRQ(ierr);
758   ierr = MatMPIAIJSetPreallocation(Cmpi,0,dnz,0,onz);CHKERRQ(ierr);
759   ierr = MatPreallocateFinalize(dnz,onz);CHKERRQ(ierr);
760 
761   /* malloc apa for assembly Cmpi */
762   ierr = PetscMalloc(apnz_max*sizeof(PetscScalar),&apa);CHKERRQ(ierr);
763   ierr = PetscMemzero(apa,apnz_max*sizeof(PetscScalar));CHKERRQ(ierr);
764 
765   ptap->apa = apa;
766   for (i=0; i<am; i++) {
767     row  = i + rstart;
768     apnz = api[i+1] - api[i];
769     ierr = MatSetValues(Cmpi,1,&row,apnz,apj,apa,INSERT_VALUES);CHKERRQ(ierr);
770     apj += apnz;
771   }
772   ierr = MatAssemblyBegin(Cmpi,MAT_FINAL_ASSEMBLY);CHKERRQ(ierr);
773   ierr = MatAssemblyEnd(Cmpi,MAT_FINAL_ASSEMBLY);CHKERRQ(ierr);
774 
775   ptap->destroy             = Cmpi->ops->destroy;
776   ptap->duplicate           = Cmpi->ops->duplicate;
777   Cmpi->ops->matmultnumeric = MatMatMultNumeric_MPIAIJ_MPIAIJ_Scalable;
778   Cmpi->ops->destroy        = MatDestroy_MPIAIJ_MatMatMult;
779   Cmpi->ops->duplicate      = MatDuplicate_MPIAIJ_MatMatMult;
780 
781   /* attach the supporting struct to Cmpi for reuse */
782   c       = (Mat_MPIAIJ*)Cmpi->data;
783   c->ptap = ptap;
784 
785   *C = Cmpi;
786 
787   /* set MatInfo */
788   afill = (PetscReal)api[am]/(adi[am]+aoi[am]+pi_loc[pm]+1) + 1.e-5;
789   if (afill < 1.0) afill = 1.0;
790   Cmpi->info.mallocs           = nspacedouble;
791   Cmpi->info.fill_ratio_given  = fill;
792   Cmpi->info.fill_ratio_needed = afill;
793 
794 #if defined(PETSC_USE_INFO)
795   if (api[am]) {
796     ierr = PetscInfo3(Cmpi,"Reallocs %D; Fill ratio: given %G needed %G.\n",nspacedouble,fill,afill);CHKERRQ(ierr);
797     ierr = PetscInfo1(Cmpi,"Use MatMatMult(A,B,MatReuse,%G,&C) for best performance.;\n",afill);CHKERRQ(ierr);
798   } else {
799     ierr = PetscInfo(Cmpi,"Empty matrix product\n");CHKERRQ(ierr);
800   }
801 #endif
802   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
803 }
804 
805 /*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
806 #undef __FUNCT__
807 #define __FUNCT__ "MatTransposeMatMult_MPIAIJ_MPIAIJ"
808 PetscErrorCode MatTransposeMatMult_MPIAIJ_MPIAIJ(Mat P,Mat A,MatReuse scall,PetscReal fill,Mat *C)
809 {
810   PetscErrorCode ierr;
811   const char     *algTypes[3] = {"scalable","nonscalable","matmatmult"};
812   PetscInt       alg=0; /* set default algorithm */
813 
814   PetscFunctionBegin;
815   if (scall == MAT_INITIAL_MATRIX) {
816     ierr = PetscObjectOptionsBegin((PetscObject)A);CHKERRQ(ierr);
817     ierr = PetscOptionsEList("-mattransposematmult_via","Algorithmic approach","MatTransposeMatMult",algTypes,3,algTypes[0],&alg,NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
818     ierr = PetscOptionsEnd();CHKERRQ(ierr);
819 
820     ierr = PetscLogEventBegin(MAT_TransposeMatMultSymbolic,P,A,0,0);CHKERRQ(ierr);
821     switch (alg) {
822     case 1:
823       ierr = MatTransposeMatMultSymbolic_MPIAIJ_MPIAIJ_nonscalable(P,A,fill,C);CHKERRQ(ierr);
824       break;
825     case 2:
826     {
827       Mat         Pt;
828       Mat_PtAPMPI *ptap;
829       Mat_MPIAIJ  *c;
830       ierr = MatTranspose(P,MAT_INITIAL_MATRIX,&Pt);CHKERRQ(ierr);
831       ierr = MatMatMult(Pt,A,MAT_INITIAL_MATRIX,fill,C);CHKERRQ(ierr);
832       c        = (Mat_MPIAIJ*)(*C)->data;
833       ptap     = c->ptap;
834       ptap->Pt = Pt;
835       (*C)->ops->mattransposemultnumeric = MatTransposeMatMultNumeric_MPIAIJ_MPIAIJ_matmatmult;
836       PetscFunctionReturn(0);
837     }
838       break;
839     default:
840       ierr = MatTransposeMatMultSymbolic_MPIAIJ_MPIAIJ(P,A,fill,C);CHKERRQ(ierr);
841       break;
842     }
843     ierr = PetscLogEventEnd(MAT_TransposeMatMultSymbolic,P,A,0,0);CHKERRQ(ierr);
844   }
845   ierr = PetscLogEventBegin(MAT_TransposeMatMultNumeric,P,A,0,0);CHKERRQ(ierr);
846   ierr = (*(*C)->ops->mattransposemultnumeric)(P,A,*C);CHKERRQ(ierr);
847   ierr = PetscLogEventEnd(MAT_TransposeMatMultNumeric,P,A,0,0);CHKERRQ(ierr);
848   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
849 }
850 
851 /* This routine only works when scall=MAT_REUSE_MATRIX! */
852 #undef __FUNCT__
853 #define __FUNCT__ "MatTransposeMatMultNumeric_MPIAIJ_MPIAIJ_matmatmult"
854 PetscErrorCode MatTransposeMatMultNumeric_MPIAIJ_MPIAIJ_matmatmult(Mat P,Mat A,Mat C)
855 {
856   PetscErrorCode ierr;
857   Mat_MPIAIJ     *c=(Mat_MPIAIJ*)C->data;
858   Mat_PtAPMPI    *ptap= c->ptap;
859   Mat            Pt=ptap->Pt;
860 
861   PetscFunctionBegin;
862   ierr = MatTranspose(P,MAT_REUSE_MATRIX,&Pt);CHKERRQ(ierr);
863   ierr = MatMatMultNumeric(Pt,A,C);CHKERRQ(ierr);
864   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
865 }
866 
867 /* Non-scalable version, use dense axpy */
868 #undef __FUNCT__
869 #define __FUNCT__ "MatTransposeMatMultNumeric_MPIAIJ_MPIAIJ_nonscalable"
870 PetscErrorCode MatTransposeMatMultNumeric_MPIAIJ_MPIAIJ_nonscalable(Mat P,Mat A,Mat C)
871 {
872   PetscErrorCode      ierr;
873   Mat_Merge_SeqsToMPI *merge;
874   Mat_MPIAIJ          *p =(Mat_MPIAIJ*)P->data,*c=(Mat_MPIAIJ*)C->data;
875   Mat_SeqAIJ          *pd=(Mat_SeqAIJ*)(p->A)->data,*po=(Mat_SeqAIJ*)(p->B)->data;
876   Mat_PtAPMPI         *ptap;
877   PetscInt            *adj,*aJ;
878   PetscInt            i,j,k,anz,pnz,row,*cj;
879   MatScalar           *ada,*aval,*ca,valtmp;
880   PetscInt            am  =A->rmap->n,cm=C->rmap->n,pon=(p->B)->cmap->n;
881   MPI_Comm            comm;
882   PetscMPIInt         size,rank,taga,*len_s;
883   PetscInt            *owners,proc,nrows,**buf_ri_k,**nextrow,**nextci;
884   PetscInt            **buf_ri,**buf_rj;
885   PetscInt            cnz=0,*bj_i,*bi,*bj,bnz,nextcj;  /* bi,bj,ba: local array of C(mpi mat) */
886   MPI_Request         *s_waits,*r_waits;
887   MPI_Status          *status;
888   MatScalar           **abuf_r,*ba_i,*pA,*coa,*ba;
889   PetscInt            *ai,*aj,*coi,*coj;
890   PetscInt            *poJ,*pdJ;
891   Mat                 A_loc;
892   Mat_SeqAIJ          *a_loc;
893 
894   PetscFunctionBegin;
895   ierr = PetscObjectGetComm((PetscObject)C,&comm);CHKERRQ(ierr);
896   ierr = MPI_Comm_size(comm,&size);CHKERRQ(ierr);
897   ierr = MPI_Comm_rank(comm,&rank);CHKERRQ(ierr);
898 
899   ptap  = c->ptap;
900   merge = ptap->merge;
901 
902   /* 2) compute numeric C_seq = P_loc^T*A_loc*P - dominating part */
903   /*--------------------------------------------------------------*/
904   /* get data from symbolic products */
905   coi  = merge->coi; coj = merge->coj;
906   ierr = PetscMalloc((coi[pon]+1)*sizeof(MatScalar),&coa);CHKERRQ(ierr);
907   ierr = PetscMemzero(coa,coi[pon]*sizeof(MatScalar));CHKERRQ(ierr);
908 
909   bi     = merge->bi; bj = merge->bj;
910   owners = merge->rowmap->range;
911   ierr   = PetscMalloc((bi[cm]+1)*sizeof(MatScalar),&ba);CHKERRQ(ierr);
912   ierr   = PetscMemzero(ba,bi[cm]*sizeof(MatScalar));CHKERRQ(ierr);
913 
914   /* get A_loc by taking all local rows of A */
915   A_loc = ptap->A_loc;
916   ierr  = MatMPIAIJGetLocalMat(A,MAT_REUSE_MATRIX,&A_loc);CHKERRQ(ierr);
917   a_loc = (Mat_SeqAIJ*)(A_loc)->data;
918   ai    = a_loc->i;
919   aj    = a_loc->j;
920 
921   ierr = PetscMalloc((A->cmap->N)*sizeof(PetscScalar),&aval);CHKERRQ(ierr); /* non-scalable!!! */
922   ierr = PetscMemzero(aval,A->cmap->N*sizeof(PetscScalar));CHKERRQ(ierr);
923 
924   for (i=0; i<am; i++) {
925     /* 2-a) put A[i,:] to dense array aval */
926     anz = ai[i+1] - ai[i];
927     adj = aj + ai[i];
928     ada = a_loc->a + ai[i];
929     for (j=0; j<anz; j++) {
930       aval[adj[j]] = ada[j];
931     }
932 
933     /* 2-b) Compute Cseq = P_loc[i,:]^T*A[i,:] using outer product */
934     /*--------------------------------------------------------------*/
935     /* put the value into Co=(p->B)^T*A (off-diagonal part, send to others) */
936     pnz = po->i[i+1] - po->i[i];
937     poJ = po->j + po->i[i];
938     pA  = po->a + po->i[i];
939     for (j=0; j<pnz; j++) {
940       row = poJ[j];
941       cnz = coi[row+1] - coi[row];
942       cj  = coj + coi[row];
943       ca  = coa + coi[row];
944       /* perform dense axpy */
945       valtmp = pA[j];
946       for (k=0; k<cnz; k++) {
947         ca[k] += valtmp*aval[cj[k]];
948       }
949       ierr = PetscLogFlops(2.0*cnz);CHKERRQ(ierr);
950     }
951 
952     /* put the value into Cd (diagonal part) */
953     pnz = pd->i[i+1] - pd->i[i];
954     pdJ = pd->j + pd->i[i];
955     pA  = pd->a + pd->i[i];
956     for (j=0; j<pnz; j++) {
957       row = pdJ[j];
958       cnz = bi[row+1] - bi[row];
959       cj  = bj + bi[row];
960       ca  = ba + bi[row];
961       /* perform dense axpy */
962       valtmp = pA[j];
963       for (k=0; k<cnz; k++) {
964         ca[k] += valtmp*aval[cj[k]];
965       }
966       ierr = PetscLogFlops(2.0*cnz);CHKERRQ(ierr);
967     }
968 
969     /* zero the current row of Pt*A */
970     aJ = aj + ai[i];
971     for (k=0; k<anz; k++) aval[aJ[k]] = 0.0;
972   }
973 
974   /* 3) send and recv matrix values coa */
975   /*------------------------------------*/
976   buf_ri = merge->buf_ri;
977   buf_rj = merge->buf_rj;
978   len_s  = merge->len_s;
979   ierr   = PetscCommGetNewTag(comm,&taga);CHKERRQ(ierr);
980   ierr   = PetscPostIrecvScalar(comm,taga,merge->nrecv,merge->id_r,merge->len_r,&abuf_r,&r_waits);CHKERRQ(ierr);
981 
982   ierr = PetscMalloc2(merge->nsend+1,MPI_Request,&s_waits,size,MPI_Status,&status);CHKERRQ(ierr);
983   for (proc=0,k=0; proc<size; proc++) {
984     if (!len_s[proc]) continue;
985     i    = merge->owners_co[proc];
986     ierr = MPI_Isend(coa+coi[i],len_s[proc],MPIU_MATSCALAR,proc,taga,comm,s_waits+k);CHKERRQ(ierr);
987     k++;
988   }
989   if (merge->nrecv) {ierr = MPI_Waitall(merge->nrecv,r_waits,status);CHKERRQ(ierr);}
990   if (merge->nsend) {ierr = MPI_Waitall(merge->nsend,s_waits,status);CHKERRQ(ierr);}
991 
992   ierr = PetscFree2(s_waits,status);CHKERRQ(ierr);
993   ierr = PetscFree(r_waits);CHKERRQ(ierr);
994   ierr = PetscFree(coa);CHKERRQ(ierr);
995 
996   /* 4) insert local Cseq and received values into Cmpi */
997   /*----------------------------------------------------*/
998   ierr = PetscMalloc3(merge->nrecv,PetscInt**,&buf_ri_k,merge->nrecv,PetscInt*,&nextrow,merge->nrecv,PetscInt*,&nextci);CHKERRQ(ierr);
999   for (k=0; k<merge->nrecv; k++) {
1000     buf_ri_k[k] = buf_ri[k]; /* beginning of k-th recved i-structure */
1001     nrows       = *(buf_ri_k[k]);
1002     nextrow[k]  = buf_ri_k[k]+1;  /* next row number of k-th recved i-structure */
1003     nextci[k]   = buf_ri_k[k] + (nrows + 1); /* poins to the next i-structure of k-th recved i-structure  */
1004   }
1005 
1006   for (i=0; i<cm; i++) {
1007     row  = owners[rank] + i; /* global row index of C_seq */
1008     bj_i = bj + bi[i];  /* col indices of the i-th row of C */
1009     ba_i = ba + bi[i];
1010     bnz  = bi[i+1] - bi[i];
1011     /* add received vals into ba */
1012     for (k=0; k<merge->nrecv; k++) { /* k-th received message */
1013       /* i-th row */
1014       if (i == *nextrow[k]) {
1015         cnz    = *(nextci[k]+1) - *nextci[k];
1016         cj     = buf_rj[k] + *(nextci[k]);
1017         ca     = abuf_r[k] + *(nextci[k]);
1018         nextcj = 0;
1019         for (j=0; nextcj<cnz; j++) {
1020           if (bj_i[j] == cj[nextcj]) { /* bcol == ccol */
1021             ba_i[j] += ca[nextcj++];
1022           }
1023         }
1024         nextrow[k]++; nextci[k]++;
1025         ierr = PetscLogFlops(2.0*cnz);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1026       }
1027     }
1028     ierr = MatSetValues(C,1,&row,bnz,bj_i,ba_i,INSERT_VALUES);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1029   }
1030   ierr = MatAssemblyBegin(C,MAT_FINAL_ASSEMBLY);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1031   ierr = MatAssemblyEnd(C,MAT_FINAL_ASSEMBLY);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1032 
1033   ierr = PetscFree(ba);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1034   ierr = PetscFree(abuf_r[0]);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1035   ierr = PetscFree(abuf_r);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1036   ierr = PetscFree3(buf_ri_k,nextrow,nextci);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1037   ierr = PetscFree(aval);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1038   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
1039 }
1040 
1041 /* This routine is modified from MatPtAPSymbolic_MPIAIJ_MPIAIJ() */
1042 #undef __FUNCT__
1043 #define __FUNCT__ "MatTransposeMatMultSymbolic_MPIAIJ_MPIAIJ_nonscalable"
1044 PetscErrorCode MatTransposeMatMultSymbolic_MPIAIJ_MPIAIJ_nonscalable(Mat P,Mat A,PetscReal fill,Mat *C)
1045 {
1046   PetscErrorCode      ierr;
1047   Mat                 Cmpi,A_loc,POt,PDt;
1048   Mat_PtAPMPI         *ptap;
1049   PetscFreeSpaceList  free_space=NULL,current_space=NULL;
1050   Mat_MPIAIJ          *p        =(Mat_MPIAIJ*)P->data,*c;
1051   PetscInt            *pdti,*pdtj,*poti,*potj,*ptJ;
1052   PetscInt            nnz;
1053   PetscInt            *lnk,*owners_co,*coi,*coj,i,k,pnz,row;
1054   PetscInt            am=A->rmap->n,pn=P->cmap->n;
1055   PetscBT             lnkbt;
1056   MPI_Comm            comm;
1057   PetscMPIInt         size,rank,tagi,tagj,*len_si,*len_s,*len_ri;
1058   PetscInt            **buf_rj,**buf_ri,**buf_ri_k;
1059   PetscInt            len,proc,*dnz,*onz,*owners;
1060   PetscInt            nzi,*bi,*bj;
1061   PetscInt            nrows,*buf_s,*buf_si,*buf_si_i,**nextrow,**nextci;
1062   MPI_Request         *swaits,*rwaits;
1063   MPI_Status          *sstatus,rstatus;
1064   Mat_Merge_SeqsToMPI *merge;
1065   PetscInt            *ai,*aj,*Jptr,anz,*prmap=p->garray,pon,nspacedouble=0,j;
1066   PetscReal           afill  =1.0,afill_tmp;
1067   PetscInt            rstart = P->cmap->rstart,rmax,aN=A->cmap->N,Crmax;
1068   PetscScalar         *vals;
1069   Mat_SeqAIJ          *a_loc, *pdt,*pot;
1070 
1071   PetscFunctionBegin;
1072   ierr = PetscObjectGetComm((PetscObject)A,&comm);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1073   /* check if matrix local sizes are compatible */
1074   if (A->rmap->rstart != P->rmap->rstart || A->rmap->rend != P->rmap->rend) {
1075     SETERRQ4(comm,PETSC_ERR_ARG_SIZ,"Matrix local dimensions are incompatible, A (%D, %D) != P (%D,%D)",A->rmap->rstart,A->rmap->rend,P->rmap->rstart,P->rmap->rend);
1076   }
1077 
1078   ierr = MPI_Comm_size(comm,&size);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1079   ierr = MPI_Comm_rank(comm,&rank);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1080 
1081   /* create struct Mat_PtAPMPI and attached it to C later */
1082   ierr = PetscNew(Mat_PtAPMPI,&ptap);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1083 
1084   /* get A_loc by taking all local rows of A */
1085   ierr = MatMPIAIJGetLocalMat(A,MAT_INITIAL_MATRIX,&A_loc);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1086 
1087   ptap->A_loc = A_loc;
1088 
1089   a_loc = (Mat_SeqAIJ*)(A_loc)->data;
1090   ai    = a_loc->i;
1091   aj    = a_loc->j;
1092 
1093   /* determine symbolic Co=(p->B)^T*A - send to others */
1094   /*----------------------------------------------------*/
1095   ierr = MatTransposeSymbolic_SeqAIJ(p->A,&PDt);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1096   pdt  = (Mat_SeqAIJ*)PDt->data;
1097   pdti = pdt->i; pdtj = pdt->j;
1098 
1099   ierr = MatTransposeSymbolic_SeqAIJ(p->B,&POt);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1100   pot  = (Mat_SeqAIJ*)POt->data;
1101   poti = pot->i; potj = pot->j;
1102 
1103   /* then, compute symbolic Co = (p->B)^T*A */
1104   pon    = (p->B)->cmap->n; /* total num of rows to be sent to other processors >= (num of nonzero rows of C_seq) - pn */
1105   ierr   = PetscMalloc((pon+1)*sizeof(PetscInt),&coi);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1106   coi[0] = 0;
1107 
1108   /* set initial free space to be fill*(nnz(p->B) + nnz(A)) */
1109   nnz           = fill*(poti[pon] + ai[am]);
1110   ierr          = PetscFreeSpaceGet(nnz,&free_space);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1111   current_space = free_space;
1112 
1113   /* create and initialize a linked list */
1114   i     = PetscMax(pdt->rmax,pot->rmax);
1115   Crmax = i*a_loc->rmax*size;
1116   if (!Crmax || Crmax > aN) Crmax = aN;
1117   ierr = PetscLLCondensedCreate(Crmax,aN,&lnk,&lnkbt);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1118 
1119   for (i=0; i<pon; i++) {
1120     pnz = poti[i+1] - poti[i];
1121     ptJ = potj + poti[i];
1122     for (j=0; j<pnz; j++) {
1123       row  = ptJ[j]; /* row of A_loc == col of Pot */
1124       anz  = ai[row+1] - ai[row];
1125       Jptr = aj + ai[row];
1126       /* add non-zero cols of AP into the sorted linked list lnk */
1127       ierr = PetscLLCondensedAddSorted(anz,Jptr,lnk,lnkbt);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1128     }
1129     nnz = lnk[0];
1130 
1131     /* If free space is not available, double the total space in the list */
1132     if (current_space->local_remaining<nnz) {
1133       ierr = PetscFreeSpaceGet(nnz+current_space->total_array_size,&current_space);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1134       nspacedouble++;
1135     }
1136 
1137     /* Copy data into free space, and zero out denserows */
1138     ierr = PetscLLCondensedClean(aN,nnz,current_space->array,lnk,lnkbt);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1139 
1140     current_space->array           += nnz;
1141     current_space->local_used      += nnz;
1142     current_space->local_remaining -= nnz;
1143 
1144     coi[i+1] = coi[i] + nnz;
1145   }
1146 
1147   ierr = PetscMalloc((coi[pon]+1)*sizeof(PetscInt),&coj);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1148   ierr = PetscFreeSpaceContiguous(&free_space,coj);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1149 
1150   afill_tmp = (PetscReal)coi[pon]/(poti[pon] + ai[am]+1);
1151   if (afill_tmp > afill) afill = afill_tmp;
1152 
1153   /* send j-array (coj) of Co to other processors */
1154   /*----------------------------------------------*/
1155   /* determine row ownership */
1156   ierr = PetscNew(Mat_Merge_SeqsToMPI,&merge);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1157   ierr = PetscLayoutCreate(comm,&merge->rowmap);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1158 
1159   merge->rowmap->n  = pn;
1160   merge->rowmap->bs = 1;
1161 
1162   ierr   = PetscLayoutSetUp(merge->rowmap);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1163   owners = merge->rowmap->range;
1164 
1165   /* determine the number of messages to send, their lengths */
1166   ierr = PetscMalloc(size*sizeof(PetscMPIInt),&len_si);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1167   ierr = PetscMemzero(len_si,size*sizeof(PetscMPIInt));CHKERRQ(ierr);
1168   ierr = PetscMalloc(size*sizeof(PetscMPIInt),&merge->len_s);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1169 
1170   len_s        = merge->len_s;
1171   merge->nsend = 0;
1172 
1173   ierr = PetscMalloc((size+2)*sizeof(PetscInt),&owners_co);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1174   ierr = PetscMemzero(len_s,size*sizeof(PetscMPIInt));CHKERRQ(ierr);
1175 
1176   proc = 0;
1177   for (i=0; i<pon; i++) {
1178     while (prmap[i] >= owners[proc+1]) proc++;
1179     len_si[proc]++;  /* num of rows in Co to be sent to [proc] */
1180     len_s[proc] += coi[i+1] - coi[i];
1181   }
1182 
1183   len          = 0; /* max length of buf_si[] */
1184   owners_co[0] = 0;
1185   for (proc=0; proc<size; proc++) {
1186     owners_co[proc+1] = owners_co[proc] + len_si[proc];
1187     if (len_si[proc]) {
1188       merge->nsend++;
1189       len_si[proc] = 2*(len_si[proc] + 1);
1190       len         += len_si[proc];
1191     }
1192   }
1193 
1194   /* determine the number and length of messages to receive for coi and coj  */
1195   ierr = PetscGatherNumberOfMessages(comm,NULL,len_s,&merge->nrecv);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1196   ierr = PetscGatherMessageLengths2(comm,merge->nsend,merge->nrecv,len_s,len_si,&merge->id_r,&merge->len_r,&len_ri);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1197 
1198   /* post the Irecv and Isend of coj */
1199   ierr = PetscCommGetNewTag(comm,&tagj);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1200   ierr = PetscPostIrecvInt(comm,tagj,merge->nrecv,merge->id_r,merge->len_r,&buf_rj,&rwaits);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1201   ierr = PetscMalloc((merge->nsend+1)*sizeof(MPI_Request),&swaits);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1202   for (proc=0, k=0; proc<size; proc++) {
1203     if (!len_s[proc]) continue;
1204     i    = owners_co[proc];
1205     ierr = MPI_Isend(coj+coi[i],len_s[proc],MPIU_INT,proc,tagj,comm,swaits+k);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1206     k++;
1207   }
1208 
1209   /* receives and sends of coj are complete */
1210   ierr = PetscMalloc(size*sizeof(MPI_Status),&sstatus);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1211   for (i=0; i<merge->nrecv; i++) {
1212     PetscMPIInt icompleted;
1213     ierr = MPI_Waitany(merge->nrecv,rwaits,&icompleted,&rstatus);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1214   }
1215   ierr = PetscFree(rwaits);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1216   if (merge->nsend) {ierr = MPI_Waitall(merge->nsend,swaits,sstatus);CHKERRQ(ierr);}
1217 
1218   /* send and recv coi */
1219   /*-------------------*/
1220   ierr   = PetscCommGetNewTag(comm,&tagi);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1221   ierr   = PetscPostIrecvInt(comm,tagi,merge->nrecv,merge->id_r,len_ri,&buf_ri,&rwaits);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1222   ierr   = PetscMalloc((len+1)*sizeof(PetscInt),&buf_s);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1223   buf_si = buf_s;  /* points to the beginning of k-th msg to be sent */
1224   for (proc=0,k=0; proc<size; proc++) {
1225     if (!len_s[proc]) continue;
1226     /* form outgoing message for i-structure:
1227          buf_si[0]:                 nrows to be sent
1228                [1:nrows]:           row index (global)
1229                [nrows+1:2*nrows+1]: i-structure index
1230     */
1231     /*-------------------------------------------*/
1232     nrows       = len_si[proc]/2 - 1;
1233     buf_si_i    = buf_si + nrows+1;
1234     buf_si[0]   = nrows;
1235     buf_si_i[0] = 0;
1236     nrows       = 0;
1237     for (i=owners_co[proc]; i<owners_co[proc+1]; i++) {
1238       nzi               = coi[i+1] - coi[i];
1239       buf_si_i[nrows+1] = buf_si_i[nrows] + nzi; /* i-structure */
1240       buf_si[nrows+1]   = prmap[i] -owners[proc]; /* local row index */
1241       nrows++;
1242     }
1243     ierr = MPI_Isend(buf_si,len_si[proc],MPIU_INT,proc,tagi,comm,swaits+k);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1244     k++;
1245     buf_si += len_si[proc];
1246   }
1247   i = merge->nrecv;
1248   while (i--) {
1249     PetscMPIInt icompleted;
1250     ierr = MPI_Waitany(merge->nrecv,rwaits,&icompleted,&rstatus);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1251   }
1252   ierr = PetscFree(rwaits);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1253   if (merge->nsend) {ierr = MPI_Waitall(merge->nsend,swaits,sstatus);CHKERRQ(ierr);}
1254   ierr = PetscFree(len_si);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1255   ierr = PetscFree(len_ri);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1256   ierr = PetscFree(swaits);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1257   ierr = PetscFree(sstatus);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1258   ierr = PetscFree(buf_s);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1259 
1260   /* compute the local portion of C (mpi mat) */
1261   /*------------------------------------------*/
1262   /* allocate bi array and free space for accumulating nonzero column info */
1263   ierr  = PetscMalloc((pn+1)*sizeof(PetscInt),&bi);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1264   bi[0] = 0;
1265 
1266   /* set initial free space to be fill*(nnz(P) + nnz(A)) */
1267   nnz           = fill*(pdti[pn] + poti[pon] + ai[am]);
1268   ierr          = PetscFreeSpaceGet(nnz,&free_space);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1269   current_space = free_space;
1270 
1271   ierr = PetscMalloc3(merge->nrecv,PetscInt**,&buf_ri_k,merge->nrecv,PetscInt*,&nextrow,merge->nrecv,PetscInt*,&nextci);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1272   for (k=0; k<merge->nrecv; k++) {
1273     buf_ri_k[k] = buf_ri[k]; /* beginning of k-th recved i-structure */
1274     nrows       = *buf_ri_k[k];
1275     nextrow[k]  = buf_ri_k[k] + 1;  /* next row number of k-th recved i-structure */
1276     nextci[k]   = buf_ri_k[k] + (nrows + 1); /* poins to the next i-structure of k-th recved i-structure  */
1277   }
1278 
1279   ierr = MatPreallocateInitialize(comm,pn,A->cmap->n,dnz,onz);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1280   rmax = 0;
1281   for (i=0; i<pn; i++) {
1282     /* add pdt[i,:]*AP into lnk */
1283     pnz = pdti[i+1] - pdti[i];
1284     ptJ = pdtj + pdti[i];
1285     for (j=0; j<pnz; j++) {
1286       row  = ptJ[j];  /* row of AP == col of Pt */
1287       anz  = ai[row+1] - ai[row];
1288       Jptr = aj + ai[row];
1289       /* add non-zero cols of AP into the sorted linked list lnk */
1290       ierr = PetscLLCondensedAddSorted(anz,Jptr,lnk,lnkbt);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1291     }
1292 
1293     /* add received col data into lnk */
1294     for (k=0; k<merge->nrecv; k++) { /* k-th received message */
1295       if (i == *nextrow[k]) { /* i-th row */
1296         nzi  = *(nextci[k]+1) - *nextci[k];
1297         Jptr = buf_rj[k] + *nextci[k];
1298         ierr = PetscLLCondensedAddSorted(nzi,Jptr,lnk,lnkbt);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1299         nextrow[k]++; nextci[k]++;
1300       }
1301     }
1302     nnz = lnk[0];
1303 
1304     /* if free space is not available, make more free space */
1305     if (current_space->local_remaining<nnz) {
1306       ierr = PetscFreeSpaceGet(nnz+current_space->total_array_size,&current_space);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1307       nspacedouble++;
1308     }
1309     /* copy data into free space, then initialize lnk */
1310     ierr = PetscLLCondensedClean(aN,nnz,current_space->array,lnk,lnkbt);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1311     ierr = MatPreallocateSet(i+owners[rank],nnz,current_space->array,dnz,onz);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1312 
1313     current_space->array           += nnz;
1314     current_space->local_used      += nnz;
1315     current_space->local_remaining -= nnz;
1316 
1317     bi[i+1] = bi[i] + nnz;
1318     if (nnz > rmax) rmax = nnz;
1319   }
1320   ierr = PetscFree3(buf_ri_k,nextrow,nextci);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1321 
1322   ierr = PetscMalloc((bi[pn]+1)*sizeof(PetscInt),&bj);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1323   ierr = PetscFreeSpaceContiguous(&free_space,bj);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1324 
1325   afill_tmp = (PetscReal)bi[pn]/(pdti[pn] + poti[pon] + ai[am]+1);
1326   if (afill_tmp > afill) afill = afill_tmp;
1327   ierr = PetscLLCondensedDestroy(lnk,lnkbt);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1328   ierr = MatDestroy(&POt);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1329   ierr = MatDestroy(&PDt);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1330 
1331   /* create symbolic parallel matrix Cmpi - why cannot be assembled in Numeric part   */
1332   /*----------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
1333   ierr = PetscMalloc((rmax+1)*sizeof(PetscScalar),&vals);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1334   ierr = PetscMemzero(vals,rmax*sizeof(PetscScalar));CHKERRQ(ierr);
1335 
1336   ierr = MatCreate(comm,&Cmpi);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1337   ierr = MatSetSizes(Cmpi,pn,A->cmap->n,PETSC_DETERMINE,PETSC_DETERMINE);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1338   ierr = MatSetBlockSizes(Cmpi,P->cmap->bs,A->cmap->bs);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1339   ierr = MatSetType(Cmpi,MATMPIAIJ);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1340   ierr = MatMPIAIJSetPreallocation(Cmpi,0,dnz,0,onz);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1341   ierr = MatPreallocateFinalize(dnz,onz);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1342   ierr = MatSetBlockSize(Cmpi,1);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1343   for (i=0; i<pn; i++) {
1344     row  = i + rstart;
1345     nnz  = bi[i+1] - bi[i];
1346     Jptr = bj + bi[i];
1347     ierr = MatSetValues(Cmpi,1,&row,nnz,Jptr,vals,INSERT_VALUES);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1348   }
1349   ierr = MatAssemblyBegin(Cmpi,MAT_FINAL_ASSEMBLY);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1350   ierr = MatAssemblyEnd(Cmpi,MAT_FINAL_ASSEMBLY);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1351   ierr = PetscFree(vals);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1352 
1353   merge->bi        = bi;
1354   merge->bj        = bj;
1355   merge->coi       = coi;
1356   merge->coj       = coj;
1357   merge->buf_ri    = buf_ri;
1358   merge->buf_rj    = buf_rj;
1359   merge->owners_co = owners_co;
1360   merge->destroy   = Cmpi->ops->destroy;
1361   merge->duplicate = Cmpi->ops->duplicate;
1362 
1363   Cmpi->ops->mattransposemultnumeric = MatTransposeMatMultNumeric_MPIAIJ_MPIAIJ_nonscalable;
1364   Cmpi->ops->destroy                 = MatDestroy_MPIAIJ_PtAP;
1365 
1366   /* attach the supporting struct to Cmpi for reuse */
1367   c           = (Mat_MPIAIJ*)Cmpi->data;
1368   c->ptap     = ptap;
1369   ptap->api   = NULL;
1370   ptap->apj   = NULL;
1371   ptap->merge = merge;
1372   ptap->rmax  = rmax;
1373 
1374   *C = Cmpi;
1375 #if defined(PETSC_USE_INFO)
1376   if (bi[pn] != 0) {
1377     ierr = PetscInfo3(Cmpi,"Reallocs %D; Fill ratio: given %G needed %G.\n",nspacedouble,fill,afill);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1378     ierr = PetscInfo1(Cmpi,"Use MatTransposeMatMult(A,B,MatReuse,%G,&C) for best performance.\n",afill);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1379   } else {
1380     ierr = PetscInfo(Cmpi,"Empty matrix product\n");CHKERRQ(ierr);
1381   }
1382 #endif
1383   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
1384 }
1385 
1386 #undef __FUNCT__
1387 #define __FUNCT__ "MatTransposeMatMultNumeric_MPIAIJ_MPIAIJ"
1388 PetscErrorCode MatTransposeMatMultNumeric_MPIAIJ_MPIAIJ(Mat P,Mat A,Mat C)
1389 {
1390   PetscErrorCode      ierr;
1391   Mat_Merge_SeqsToMPI *merge;
1392   Mat_MPIAIJ          *p =(Mat_MPIAIJ*)P->data,*c=(Mat_MPIAIJ*)C->data;
1393   Mat_SeqAIJ          *pd=(Mat_SeqAIJ*)(p->A)->data,*po=(Mat_SeqAIJ*)(p->B)->data;
1394   Mat_PtAPMPI         *ptap;
1395   PetscInt            *adj;
1396   PetscInt            i,j,k,anz,pnz,row,*cj,nexta;
1397   MatScalar           *ada,*ca,valtmp;
1398   PetscInt            am  =A->rmap->n,cm=C->rmap->n,pon=(p->B)->cmap->n;
1399   MPI_Comm            comm;
1400   PetscMPIInt         size,rank,taga,*len_s;
1401   PetscInt            *owners,proc,nrows,**buf_ri_k,**nextrow,**nextci;
1402   PetscInt            **buf_ri,**buf_rj;
1403   PetscInt            cnz=0,*bj_i,*bi,*bj,bnz,nextcj;  /* bi,bj,ba: local array of C(mpi mat) */
1404   MPI_Request         *s_waits,*r_waits;
1405   MPI_Status          *status;
1406   MatScalar           **abuf_r,*ba_i,*pA,*coa,*ba;
1407   PetscInt            *ai,*aj,*coi,*coj;
1408   PetscInt            *poJ,*pdJ;
1409   Mat                 A_loc;
1410   Mat_SeqAIJ          *a_loc;
1411 
1412   PetscFunctionBegin;
1413   ierr = PetscObjectGetComm((PetscObject)C,&comm);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1414   ierr = MPI_Comm_size(comm,&size);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1415   ierr = MPI_Comm_rank(comm,&rank);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1416 
1417   ptap  = c->ptap;
1418   merge = ptap->merge;
1419 
1420   /* 2) compute numeric C_seq = P_loc^T*A_loc */
1421   /*------------------------------------------*/
1422   /* get data from symbolic products */
1423   coi    = merge->coi; coj = merge->coj;
1424   ierr   = PetscMalloc((coi[pon]+1)*sizeof(MatScalar),&coa);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1425   ierr   = PetscMemzero(coa,coi[pon]*sizeof(MatScalar));CHKERRQ(ierr);
1426   bi     = merge->bi; bj = merge->bj;
1427   owners = merge->rowmap->range;
1428   ierr   = PetscMalloc((bi[cm]+1)*sizeof(MatScalar),&ba);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1429   ierr   = PetscMemzero(ba,bi[cm]*sizeof(MatScalar));CHKERRQ(ierr);
1430 
1431   /* get A_loc by taking all local rows of A */
1432   A_loc = ptap->A_loc;
1433   ierr  = MatMPIAIJGetLocalMat(A,MAT_REUSE_MATRIX,&A_loc);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1434   a_loc = (Mat_SeqAIJ*)(A_loc)->data;
1435   ai    = a_loc->i;
1436   aj    = a_loc->j;
1437 
1438   for (i=0; i<am; i++) {
1439     anz = ai[i+1] - ai[i];
1440     adj = aj + ai[i];
1441     ada = a_loc->a + ai[i];
1442 
1443     /* 2-b) Compute Cseq = P_loc[i,:]^T*A[i,:] using outer product */
1444     /*-------------------------------------------------------------*/
1445     /* put the value into Co=(p->B)^T*A (off-diagonal part, send to others) */
1446     pnz = po->i[i+1] - po->i[i];
1447     poJ = po->j + po->i[i];
1448     pA  = po->a + po->i[i];
1449     for (j=0; j<pnz; j++) {
1450       row = poJ[j];
1451       cj  = coj + coi[row];
1452       ca  = coa + coi[row];
1453       /* perform sparse axpy */
1454       nexta  = 0;
1455       valtmp = pA[j];
1456       for (k=0; nexta<anz; k++) {
1457         if (cj[k] == adj[nexta]) {
1458           ca[k] += valtmp*ada[nexta];
1459           nexta++;
1460         }
1461       }
1462       ierr = PetscLogFlops(2.0*anz);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1463     }
1464 
1465     /* put the value into Cd (diagonal part) */
1466     pnz = pd->i[i+1] - pd->i[i];
1467     pdJ = pd->j + pd->i[i];
1468     pA  = pd->a + pd->i[i];
1469     for (j=0; j<pnz; j++) {
1470       row = pdJ[j];
1471       cj  = bj + bi[row];
1472       ca  = ba + bi[row];
1473       /* perform sparse axpy */
1474       nexta  = 0;
1475       valtmp = pA[j];
1476       for (k=0; nexta<anz; k++) {
1477         if (cj[k] == adj[nexta]) {
1478           ca[k] += valtmp*ada[nexta];
1479           nexta++;
1480         }
1481       }
1482       ierr = PetscLogFlops(2.0*anz);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1483     }
1484   }
1485 
1486   /* 3) send and recv matrix values coa */
1487   /*------------------------------------*/
1488   buf_ri = merge->buf_ri;
1489   buf_rj = merge->buf_rj;
1490   len_s  = merge->len_s;
1491   ierr   = PetscCommGetNewTag(comm,&taga);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1492   ierr   = PetscPostIrecvScalar(comm,taga,merge->nrecv,merge->id_r,merge->len_r,&abuf_r,&r_waits);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1493 
1494   ierr = PetscMalloc2(merge->nsend+1,MPI_Request,&s_waits,size,MPI_Status,&status);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1495   for (proc=0,k=0; proc<size; proc++) {
1496     if (!len_s[proc]) continue;
1497     i    = merge->owners_co[proc];
1498     ierr = MPI_Isend(coa+coi[i],len_s[proc],MPIU_MATSCALAR,proc,taga,comm,s_waits+k);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1499     k++;
1500   }
1501   if (merge->nrecv) {ierr = MPI_Waitall(merge->nrecv,r_waits,status);CHKERRQ(ierr);}
1502   if (merge->nsend) {ierr = MPI_Waitall(merge->nsend,s_waits,status);CHKERRQ(ierr);}
1503 
1504   ierr = PetscFree2(s_waits,status);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1505   ierr = PetscFree(r_waits);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1506   ierr = PetscFree(coa);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1507 
1508   /* 4) insert local Cseq and received values into Cmpi */
1509   /*----------------------------------------------------*/
1510   ierr = PetscMalloc3(merge->nrecv,PetscInt**,&buf_ri_k,merge->nrecv,PetscInt*,&nextrow,merge->nrecv,PetscInt*,&nextci);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1511   for (k=0; k<merge->nrecv; k++) {
1512     buf_ri_k[k] = buf_ri[k]; /* beginning of k-th recved i-structure */
1513     nrows       = *(buf_ri_k[k]);
1514     nextrow[k]  = buf_ri_k[k]+1;  /* next row number of k-th recved i-structure */
1515     nextci[k]   = buf_ri_k[k] + (nrows + 1); /* poins to the next i-structure of k-th recved i-structure  */
1516   }
1517 
1518   for (i=0; i<cm; i++) {
1519     row  = owners[rank] + i; /* global row index of C_seq */
1520     bj_i = bj + bi[i];  /* col indices of the i-th row of C */
1521     ba_i = ba + bi[i];
1522     bnz  = bi[i+1] - bi[i];
1523     /* add received vals into ba */
1524     for (k=0; k<merge->nrecv; k++) { /* k-th received message */
1525       /* i-th row */
1526       if (i == *nextrow[k]) {
1527         cnz    = *(nextci[k]+1) - *nextci[k];
1528         cj     = buf_rj[k] + *(nextci[k]);
1529         ca     = abuf_r[k] + *(nextci[k]);
1530         nextcj = 0;
1531         for (j=0; nextcj<cnz; j++) {
1532           if (bj_i[j] == cj[nextcj]) { /* bcol == ccol */
1533             ba_i[j] += ca[nextcj++];
1534           }
1535         }
1536         nextrow[k]++; nextci[k]++;
1537         ierr = PetscLogFlops(2.0*cnz);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1538       }
1539     }
1540     ierr = MatSetValues(C,1,&row,bnz,bj_i,ba_i,INSERT_VALUES);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1541   }
1542   ierr = MatAssemblyBegin(C,MAT_FINAL_ASSEMBLY);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1543   ierr = MatAssemblyEnd(C,MAT_FINAL_ASSEMBLY);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1544 
1545   ierr = PetscFree(ba);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1546   ierr = PetscFree(abuf_r[0]);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1547   ierr = PetscFree(abuf_r);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1548   ierr = PetscFree3(buf_ri_k,nextrow,nextci);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1549   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
1550 }
1551 
1552 /* This routine is modified from MatPtAPSymbolic_MPIAIJ_MPIAIJ();
1553    differ from MatTransposeMatMultSymbolic_MPIAIJ_MPIAIJ_nonscalable in using LLCondensedCreate_Scalable() */
1554 #undef __FUNCT__
1555 #define __FUNCT__ "MatTransposeMatMultSymbolic_MPIAIJ_MPIAIJ"
1556 PetscErrorCode MatTransposeMatMultSymbolic_MPIAIJ_MPIAIJ(Mat P,Mat A,PetscReal fill,Mat *C)
1557 {
1558   PetscErrorCode      ierr;
1559   Mat                 Cmpi,A_loc,POt,PDt;
1560   Mat_PtAPMPI         *ptap;
1561   PetscFreeSpaceList  free_space=NULL,current_space=NULL;
1562   Mat_MPIAIJ          *p        =(Mat_MPIAIJ*)P->data,*c;
1563   PetscInt            *pdti,*pdtj,*poti,*potj,*ptJ;
1564   PetscInt            nnz;
1565   PetscInt            *lnk,*owners_co,*coi,*coj,i,k,pnz,row;
1566   PetscInt            am  =A->rmap->n,pn=P->cmap->n;
1567   MPI_Comm            comm;
1568   PetscMPIInt         size,rank,tagi,tagj,*len_si,*len_s,*len_ri;
1569   PetscInt            **buf_rj,**buf_ri,**buf_ri_k;
1570   PetscInt            len,proc,*dnz,*onz,*owners;
1571   PetscInt            nzi,*bi,*bj;
1572   PetscInt            nrows,*buf_s,*buf_si,*buf_si_i,**nextrow,**nextci;
1573   MPI_Request         *swaits,*rwaits;
1574   MPI_Status          *sstatus,rstatus;
1575   Mat_Merge_SeqsToMPI *merge;
1576   PetscInt            *ai,*aj,*Jptr,anz,*prmap=p->garray,pon,nspacedouble=0,j;
1577   PetscReal           afill  =1.0,afill_tmp;
1578   PetscInt            rstart = P->cmap->rstart,rmax,aN=A->cmap->N,Crmax;
1579   PetscScalar         *vals;
1580   Mat_SeqAIJ          *a_loc, *pdt,*pot;
1581 
1582   PetscFunctionBegin;
1583   ierr = PetscObjectGetComm((PetscObject)A,&comm);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1584   /* check if matrix local sizes are compatible */
1585   if (A->rmap->rstart != P->rmap->rstart || A->rmap->rend != P->rmap->rend) {
1586     SETERRQ4(comm,PETSC_ERR_ARG_SIZ,"Matrix local dimensions are incompatible, A (%D, %D) != P (%D,%D)",A->rmap->rstart,A->rmap->rend,P->rmap->rstart,P->rmap->rend);
1587   }
1588 
1589   ierr = MPI_Comm_size(comm,&size);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1590   ierr = MPI_Comm_rank(comm,&rank);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1591 
1592   /* create struct Mat_PtAPMPI and attached it to C later */
1593   ierr = PetscNew(Mat_PtAPMPI,&ptap);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1594 
1595   /* get A_loc by taking all local rows of A */
1596   ierr = MatMPIAIJGetLocalMat(A,MAT_INITIAL_MATRIX,&A_loc);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1597 
1598   ptap->A_loc = A_loc;
1599   a_loc       = (Mat_SeqAIJ*)(A_loc)->data;
1600   ai          = a_loc->i;
1601   aj          = a_loc->j;
1602 
1603   /* determine symbolic Co=(p->B)^T*A - send to others */
1604   /*----------------------------------------------------*/
1605   ierr = MatTransposeSymbolic_SeqAIJ(p->A,&PDt);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1606   pdt  = (Mat_SeqAIJ*)PDt->data;
1607   pdti = pdt->i; pdtj = pdt->j;
1608 
1609   ierr = MatTransposeSymbolic_SeqAIJ(p->B,&POt);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1610   pot  = (Mat_SeqAIJ*)POt->data;
1611   poti = pot->i; potj = pot->j;
1612 
1613   /* then, compute symbolic Co = (p->B)^T*A */
1614   pon    = (p->B)->cmap->n; /* total num of rows to be sent to other processors
1615                          >= (num of nonzero rows of C_seq) - pn */
1616   ierr   = PetscMalloc((pon+1)*sizeof(PetscInt),&coi);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1617   coi[0] = 0;
1618 
1619   /* set initial free space to be fill*(nnz(p->B) + nnz(A)) */
1620   nnz           = fill*(poti[pon] + ai[am]);
1621   ierr          = PetscFreeSpaceGet(nnz,&free_space);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1622   current_space = free_space;
1623 
1624   /* create and initialize a linked list */
1625   i     = PetscMax(pdt->rmax,pot->rmax);
1626   Crmax = i*a_loc->rmax*size; /* non-scalable! */
1627   if (!Crmax || Crmax > aN) Crmax = aN;
1628   ierr = PetscLLCondensedCreate_Scalable(Crmax,&lnk);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1629 
1630   for (i=0; i<pon; i++) {
1631     pnz = poti[i+1] - poti[i];
1632     ptJ = potj + poti[i];
1633     for (j=0; j<pnz; j++) {
1634       row  = ptJ[j]; /* row of A_loc == col of Pot */
1635       anz  = ai[row+1] - ai[row];
1636       Jptr = aj + ai[row];
1637       /* add non-zero cols of AP into the sorted linked list lnk */
1638       ierr = PetscLLCondensedAddSorted_Scalable(anz,Jptr,lnk);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1639     }
1640     nnz = lnk[0];
1641 
1642     /* If free space is not available, double the total space in the list */
1643     if (current_space->local_remaining<nnz) {
1644       ierr = PetscFreeSpaceGet(nnz+current_space->total_array_size,&current_space);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1645       nspacedouble++;
1646     }
1647 
1648     /* Copy data into free space, and zero out denserows */
1649     ierr = PetscLLCondensedClean_Scalable(nnz,current_space->array,lnk);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1650 
1651     current_space->array           += nnz;
1652     current_space->local_used      += nnz;
1653     current_space->local_remaining -= nnz;
1654 
1655     coi[i+1] = coi[i] + nnz;
1656   }
1657 
1658   ierr = PetscMalloc((coi[pon]+1)*sizeof(PetscInt),&coj);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1659   ierr = PetscFreeSpaceContiguous(&free_space,coj);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1660 
1661   afill_tmp = (PetscReal)coi[pon]/(poti[pon] + ai[am]+1);
1662   if (afill_tmp > afill) afill = afill_tmp;
1663 
1664   /* send j-array (coj) of Co to other processors */
1665   /*----------------------------------------------*/
1666   /* determine row ownership */
1667   ierr = PetscNew(Mat_Merge_SeqsToMPI,&merge);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1668   ierr = PetscLayoutCreate(comm,&merge->rowmap);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1669 
1670   merge->rowmap->n  = pn;
1671   merge->rowmap->bs = 1;
1672 
1673   ierr   = PetscLayoutSetUp(merge->rowmap);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1674   owners = merge->rowmap->range;
1675 
1676   /* determine the number of messages to send, their lengths */
1677   ierr = PetscMalloc(size*sizeof(PetscMPIInt),&len_si);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1678   ierr = PetscMemzero(len_si,size*sizeof(PetscMPIInt));CHKERRQ(ierr);
1679   ierr = PetscMalloc(size*sizeof(PetscMPIInt),&merge->len_s);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1680 
1681   len_s        = merge->len_s;
1682   merge->nsend = 0;
1683 
1684   ierr = PetscMalloc((size+2)*sizeof(PetscInt),&owners_co);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1685   ierr = PetscMemzero(len_s,size*sizeof(PetscMPIInt));CHKERRQ(ierr);
1686 
1687   proc = 0;
1688   for (i=0; i<pon; i++) {
1689     while (prmap[i] >= owners[proc+1]) proc++;
1690     len_si[proc]++;  /* num of rows in Co to be sent to [proc] */
1691     len_s[proc] += coi[i+1] - coi[i];
1692   }
1693 
1694   len          = 0; /* max length of buf_si[] */
1695   owners_co[0] = 0;
1696   for (proc=0; proc<size; proc++) {
1697     owners_co[proc+1] = owners_co[proc] + len_si[proc];
1698     if (len_si[proc]) {
1699       merge->nsend++;
1700       len_si[proc] = 2*(len_si[proc] + 1);
1701       len         += len_si[proc];
1702     }
1703   }
1704 
1705   /* determine the number and length of messages to receive for coi and coj  */
1706   ierr = PetscGatherNumberOfMessages(comm,NULL,len_s,&merge->nrecv);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1707   ierr = PetscGatherMessageLengths2(comm,merge->nsend,merge->nrecv,len_s,len_si,&merge->id_r,&merge->len_r,&len_ri);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1708 
1709   /* post the Irecv and Isend of coj */
1710   ierr = PetscCommGetNewTag(comm,&tagj);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1711   ierr = PetscPostIrecvInt(comm,tagj,merge->nrecv,merge->id_r,merge->len_r,&buf_rj,&rwaits);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1712   ierr = PetscMalloc((merge->nsend+1)*sizeof(MPI_Request),&swaits);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1713   for (proc=0, k=0; proc<size; proc++) {
1714     if (!len_s[proc]) continue;
1715     i    = owners_co[proc];
1716     ierr = MPI_Isend(coj+coi[i],len_s[proc],MPIU_INT,proc,tagj,comm,swaits+k);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1717     k++;
1718   }
1719 
1720   /* receives and sends of coj are complete */
1721   ierr = PetscMalloc(size*sizeof(MPI_Status),&sstatus);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1722   for (i=0; i<merge->nrecv; i++) {
1723     PetscMPIInt icompleted;
1724     ierr = MPI_Waitany(merge->nrecv,rwaits,&icompleted,&rstatus);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1725   }
1726   ierr = PetscFree(rwaits);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1727   if (merge->nsend) {ierr = MPI_Waitall(merge->nsend,swaits,sstatus);CHKERRQ(ierr);}
1728 
1729   /* send and recv coi */
1730   /*-------------------*/
1731   ierr   = PetscCommGetNewTag(comm,&tagi);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1732   ierr   = PetscPostIrecvInt(comm,tagi,merge->nrecv,merge->id_r,len_ri,&buf_ri,&rwaits);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1733   ierr   = PetscMalloc((len+1)*sizeof(PetscInt),&buf_s);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1734   buf_si = buf_s;  /* points to the beginning of k-th msg to be sent */
1735   for (proc=0,k=0; proc<size; proc++) {
1736     if (!len_s[proc]) continue;
1737     /* form outgoing message for i-structure:
1738          buf_si[0]:                 nrows to be sent
1739                [1:nrows]:           row index (global)
1740                [nrows+1:2*nrows+1]: i-structure index
1741     */
1742     /*-------------------------------------------*/
1743     nrows       = len_si[proc]/2 - 1;
1744     buf_si_i    = buf_si + nrows+1;
1745     buf_si[0]   = nrows;
1746     buf_si_i[0] = 0;
1747     nrows       = 0;
1748     for (i=owners_co[proc]; i<owners_co[proc+1]; i++) {
1749       nzi               = coi[i+1] - coi[i];
1750       buf_si_i[nrows+1] = buf_si_i[nrows] + nzi;  /* i-structure */
1751       buf_si[nrows+1]   = prmap[i] -owners[proc]; /* local row index */
1752       nrows++;
1753     }
1754     ierr = MPI_Isend(buf_si,len_si[proc],MPIU_INT,proc,tagi,comm,swaits+k);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1755     k++;
1756     buf_si += len_si[proc];
1757   }
1758   i = merge->nrecv;
1759   while (i--) {
1760     PetscMPIInt icompleted;
1761     ierr = MPI_Waitany(merge->nrecv,rwaits,&icompleted,&rstatus);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1762   }
1763   ierr = PetscFree(rwaits);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1764   if (merge->nsend) {ierr = MPI_Waitall(merge->nsend,swaits,sstatus);CHKERRQ(ierr);}
1765   ierr = PetscFree(len_si);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1766   ierr = PetscFree(len_ri);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1767   ierr = PetscFree(swaits);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1768   ierr = PetscFree(sstatus);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1769   ierr = PetscFree(buf_s);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1770 
1771   /* compute the local portion of C (mpi mat) */
1772   /*------------------------------------------*/
1773   /* allocate bi array and free space for accumulating nonzero column info */
1774   ierr  = PetscMalloc((pn+1)*sizeof(PetscInt),&bi);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1775   bi[0] = 0;
1776 
1777   /* set initial free space to be fill*(nnz(P) + nnz(AP)) */
1778   nnz           = fill*(pdti[pn] + poti[pon] + ai[am]);
1779   ierr          = PetscFreeSpaceGet(nnz,&free_space);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1780   current_space = free_space;
1781 
1782   ierr = PetscMalloc3(merge->nrecv,PetscInt**,&buf_ri_k,merge->nrecv,PetscInt*,&nextrow,merge->nrecv,PetscInt*,&nextci);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1783   for (k=0; k<merge->nrecv; k++) {
1784     buf_ri_k[k] = buf_ri[k]; /* beginning of k-th recved i-structure */
1785     nrows       = *buf_ri_k[k];
1786     nextrow[k]  = buf_ri_k[k] + 1;  /* next row number of k-th recved i-structure */
1787     nextci[k]   = buf_ri_k[k] + (nrows + 1); /* points to the next i-structure of k-th recieved i-structure  */
1788   }
1789 
1790   ierr = MatPreallocateInitialize(comm,pn,A->cmap->n,dnz,onz);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1791   rmax = 0;
1792   for (i=0; i<pn; i++) {
1793     /* add pdt[i,:]*AP into lnk */
1794     pnz = pdti[i+1] - pdti[i];
1795     ptJ = pdtj + pdti[i];
1796     for (j=0; j<pnz; j++) {
1797       row  = ptJ[j];  /* row of AP == col of Pt */
1798       anz  = ai[row+1] - ai[row];
1799       Jptr = aj + ai[row];
1800       /* add non-zero cols of AP into the sorted linked list lnk */
1801       ierr = PetscLLCondensedAddSorted_Scalable(anz,Jptr,lnk);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1802     }
1803 
1804     /* add received col data into lnk */
1805     for (k=0; k<merge->nrecv; k++) { /* k-th received message */
1806       if (i == *nextrow[k]) { /* i-th row */
1807         nzi  = *(nextci[k]+1) - *nextci[k];
1808         Jptr = buf_rj[k] + *nextci[k];
1809         ierr = PetscLLCondensedAddSorted_Scalable(nzi,Jptr,lnk);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1810         nextrow[k]++; nextci[k]++;
1811       }
1812     }
1813     nnz = lnk[0];
1814 
1815     /* if free space is not available, make more free space */
1816     if (current_space->local_remaining<nnz) {
1817       ierr = PetscFreeSpaceGet(nnz+current_space->total_array_size,&current_space);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1818       nspacedouble++;
1819     }
1820     /* copy data into free space, then initialize lnk */
1821     ierr = PetscLLCondensedClean_Scalable(nnz,current_space->array,lnk);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1822     ierr = MatPreallocateSet(i+owners[rank],nnz,current_space->array,dnz,onz);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1823 
1824     current_space->array           += nnz;
1825     current_space->local_used      += nnz;
1826     current_space->local_remaining -= nnz;
1827 
1828     bi[i+1] = bi[i] + nnz;
1829     if (nnz > rmax) rmax = nnz;
1830   }
1831   ierr = PetscFree3(buf_ri_k,nextrow,nextci);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1832 
1833   ierr      = PetscMalloc((bi[pn]+1)*sizeof(PetscInt),&bj);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1834   ierr      = PetscFreeSpaceContiguous(&free_space,bj);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1835   afill_tmp = (PetscReal)bi[pn]/(pdti[pn] + poti[pon] + ai[am]+1);
1836   if (afill_tmp > afill) afill = afill_tmp;
1837   ierr = PetscLLCondensedDestroy_Scalable(lnk);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1838   ierr = MatDestroy(&POt);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1839   ierr = MatDestroy(&PDt);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1840 
1841   /* create symbolic parallel matrix Cmpi - why cannot be assembled in Numeric part   */
1842   /*----------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
1843   ierr = PetscMalloc((rmax+1)*sizeof(PetscScalar),&vals);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1844   ierr = PetscMemzero(vals,rmax*sizeof(PetscScalar));CHKERRQ(ierr);
1845 
1846   ierr = MatCreate(comm,&Cmpi);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1847   ierr = MatSetSizes(Cmpi,pn,A->cmap->n,PETSC_DETERMINE,PETSC_DETERMINE);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1848   ierr = MatSetBlockSizes(Cmpi,P->cmap->bs,A->cmap->bs);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1849   ierr = MatSetType(Cmpi,MATMPIAIJ);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1850   ierr = MatMPIAIJSetPreallocation(Cmpi,0,dnz,0,onz);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1851   ierr = MatPreallocateFinalize(dnz,onz);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1852   ierr = MatSetBlockSize(Cmpi,1);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1853   for (i=0; i<pn; i++) {
1854     row  = i + rstart;
1855     nnz  = bi[i+1] - bi[i];
1856     Jptr = bj + bi[i];
1857     ierr = MatSetValues(Cmpi,1,&row,nnz,Jptr,vals,INSERT_VALUES);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1858   }
1859   ierr = MatAssemblyBegin(Cmpi,MAT_FINAL_ASSEMBLY);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1860   ierr = MatAssemblyEnd(Cmpi,MAT_FINAL_ASSEMBLY);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1861   ierr = PetscFree(vals);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1862 
1863   merge->bi        = bi;
1864   merge->bj        = bj;
1865   merge->coi       = coi;
1866   merge->coj       = coj;
1867   merge->buf_ri    = buf_ri;
1868   merge->buf_rj    = buf_rj;
1869   merge->owners_co = owners_co;
1870   merge->destroy   = Cmpi->ops->destroy;
1871   merge->duplicate = Cmpi->ops->duplicate;
1872 
1873   Cmpi->ops->mattransposemultnumeric = MatTransposeMatMultNumeric_MPIAIJ_MPIAIJ;
1874   Cmpi->ops->destroy                 = MatDestroy_MPIAIJ_PtAP;
1875 
1876   /* attach the supporting struct to Cmpi for reuse */
1877   c = (Mat_MPIAIJ*)Cmpi->data;
1878 
1879   c->ptap     = ptap;
1880   ptap->api   = NULL;
1881   ptap->apj   = NULL;
1882   ptap->merge = merge;
1883   ptap->rmax  = rmax;
1884   ptap->apa   = NULL;
1885 
1886   *C = Cmpi;
1887 #if defined(PETSC_USE_INFO)
1888   if (bi[pn] != 0) {
1889     ierr = PetscInfo3(Cmpi,"Reallocs %D; Fill ratio: given %G needed %G.\n",nspacedouble,fill,afill);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1890     ierr = PetscInfo1(Cmpi,"Use MatTransposeMatMult(A,B,MatReuse,%G,&C) for best performance.\n",afill);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1891   } else {
1892     ierr = PetscInfo(Cmpi,"Empty matrix product\n");CHKERRQ(ierr);
1893   }
1894 #endif
1895   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
1896 }
1897