xref: /petsc/src/mat/impls/aij/mpi/mpiptap.c (revision a44bcdf57b2bdc3efd71d40abec79a20d8d3f002)
1 
2 /*
3   Defines projective product routines where A is a MPIAIJ matrix
4           C = P^T * A * P
5 */
6 
7 #include <../src/mat/impls/aij/seq/aij.h>   /*I "petscmat.h" I*/
8 #include <../src/mat/utils/freespace.h>
9 #include <../src/mat/impls/aij/mpi/mpiaij.h>
10 #include <petscbt.h>
11 #include <petsctime.h>
12 
13 /* #define PTAP_PROFILE */
14 
15 extern PetscErrorCode MatDestroy_MPIAIJ(Mat);
16 #undef __FUNCT__
17 #define __FUNCT__ "MatDestroy_MPIAIJ_PtAP"
18 PetscErrorCode MatDestroy_MPIAIJ_PtAP(Mat A)
19 {
20   PetscErrorCode ierr;
21   Mat_MPIAIJ     *a=(Mat_MPIAIJ*)A->data;
22   Mat_PtAPMPI    *ptap=a->ptap;
23 
24   PetscFunctionBegin;
25   if (ptap) {
26     Mat_Merge_SeqsToMPI *merge=ptap->merge;
27     ierr = PetscFree2(ptap->startsj_s,ptap->startsj_r);CHKERRQ(ierr);
28     ierr = PetscFree(ptap->bufa);CHKERRQ(ierr);
29     ierr = MatDestroy(&ptap->P_loc);CHKERRQ(ierr);
30     ierr = MatDestroy(&ptap->P_oth);CHKERRQ(ierr);
31     ierr = MatDestroy(&ptap->A_loc);CHKERRQ(ierr); /* used by MatTransposeMatMult() */
32     ierr = MatDestroy(&ptap->Rd);CHKERRQ(ierr);
33     ierr = MatDestroy(&ptap->Ro);CHKERRQ(ierr);
34     if (ptap->AP_loc) { /* used by alg_rap */
35       Mat_SeqAIJ *ap = (Mat_SeqAIJ*)(ptap->AP_loc)->data;
36       ierr = PetscFree(ap->i);CHKERRQ(ierr);
37       ierr = PetscFree2(ap->j,ap->a);CHKERRQ(ierr);
38       ierr = MatDestroy(&ptap->AP_loc);CHKERRQ(ierr);
39     } else { /* used by alg_ptap */
40       ierr = PetscFree(ptap->api);CHKERRQ(ierr);
41       ierr = PetscFree(ptap->apj);CHKERRQ(ierr);
42     }
43     ierr = MatDestroy(&ptap->C_loc);CHKERRQ(ierr);
44     ierr = MatDestroy(&ptap->C_oth);CHKERRQ(ierr);
45     if (ptap->apa) {ierr = PetscFree(ptap->apa);CHKERRQ(ierr);}
46     if (merge) { /* used by alg_ptap */
47       ierr = PetscFree(merge->id_r);CHKERRQ(ierr);
48       ierr = PetscFree(merge->len_s);CHKERRQ(ierr);
49       ierr = PetscFree(merge->len_r);CHKERRQ(ierr);
50       ierr = PetscFree(merge->bi);CHKERRQ(ierr);
51       ierr = PetscFree(merge->bj);CHKERRQ(ierr);
52       ierr = PetscFree(merge->buf_ri[0]);CHKERRQ(ierr);
53       ierr = PetscFree(merge->buf_ri);CHKERRQ(ierr);
54       ierr = PetscFree(merge->buf_rj[0]);CHKERRQ(ierr);
55       ierr = PetscFree(merge->buf_rj);CHKERRQ(ierr);
56       ierr = PetscFree(merge->coi);CHKERRQ(ierr);
57       ierr = PetscFree(merge->coj);CHKERRQ(ierr);
58       ierr = PetscFree(merge->owners_co);CHKERRQ(ierr);
59       ierr = PetscLayoutDestroy(&merge->rowmap);CHKERRQ(ierr);
60       ierr = merge->destroy(A);CHKERRQ(ierr);
61       ierr = PetscFree(ptap->merge);CHKERRQ(ierr);
62     } else {
63       ierr = MatDestroy_MPIAIJ(A);CHKERRQ(ierr);
64     }
65     ierr = PetscFree(ptap);CHKERRQ(ierr);
66   }
67   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
68 }
69 
70 #undef __FUNCT__
71 #define __FUNCT__ "MatDuplicate_MPIAIJ_MatPtAP"
72 PetscErrorCode MatDuplicate_MPIAIJ_MatPtAP(Mat A, MatDuplicateOption op, Mat *M)
73 {
74   PetscErrorCode ierr;
75   Mat_MPIAIJ     *a     = (Mat_MPIAIJ*)A->data;
76   Mat_PtAPMPI    *ptap  = a->ptap;
77 
78   PetscFunctionBegin;
79   ierr = (*ptap->duplicate)(A,op,M);CHKERRQ(ierr);
80   (*M)->ops->destroy   = ptap->destroy;
81   (*M)->ops->duplicate = ptap->duplicate;
82   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
83 }
84 
85 #undef __FUNCT__
86 #define __FUNCT__ "MatPtAP_MPIAIJ_MPIAIJ"
87 PetscErrorCode MatPtAP_MPIAIJ_MPIAIJ(Mat A,Mat P,MatReuse scall,PetscReal fill,Mat *C)
88 {
89   PetscErrorCode ierr;
90   PetscBool      rap=PETSC_TRUE; /* do R=P^T locally, then C=R*A*P */
91   MPI_Comm       comm;
92 
93   PetscFunctionBegin;
94   /* check if matrix local sizes are compatible */
95   ierr = PetscObjectGetComm((PetscObject)A,&comm);CHKERRQ(ierr);
96   if (A->rmap->rstart != P->rmap->rstart || A->rmap->rend != P->rmap->rend) {
97     SETERRQ4(comm,PETSC_ERR_ARG_SIZ,"Matrix local dimensions are incompatible, Arow (%D, %D) != Prow (%D,%D)",A->rmap->rstart,A->rmap->rend,P->rmap->rstart,P->rmap->rend);
98   }
99   if (A->cmap->rstart != P->rmap->rstart || A->cmap->rend != P->rmap->rend) {
100     SETERRQ4(comm,PETSC_ERR_ARG_SIZ,"Matrix local dimensions are incompatible, Acol (%D, %D) != Prow (%D,%D)",A->cmap->rstart,A->cmap->rend,P->rmap->rstart,P->rmap->rend);
101   }
102 
103   ierr = PetscOptionsGetBool(NULL,"-matrap",&rap,NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
104   if (scall == MAT_INITIAL_MATRIX) {
105     ierr = PetscLogEventBegin(MAT_PtAPSymbolic,A,P,0,0);CHKERRQ(ierr);
106     if (rap) { /* do R=P^T locally, then C=R*A*P */
107       ierr = MatPtAPSymbolic_MPIAIJ_MPIAIJ(A,P,fill,C);CHKERRQ(ierr);
108     } else {       /* do P^T*A*P */
109       ierr = MatPtAPSymbolic_MPIAIJ_MPIAIJ_ptap(A,P,fill,C);CHKERRQ(ierr);
110     }
111     ierr = PetscLogEventEnd(MAT_PtAPSymbolic,A,P,0,0);CHKERRQ(ierr);
112   }
113   ierr = PetscLogEventBegin(MAT_PtAPNumeric,A,P,0,0);CHKERRQ(ierr);
114   ierr = (*(*C)->ops->ptapnumeric)(A,P,*C);CHKERRQ(ierr);
115   ierr = PetscLogEventEnd(MAT_PtAPNumeric,A,P,0,0);CHKERRQ(ierr);
116   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
117 }
118 
119 #undef __FUNCT__
120 #define __FUNCT__ "MatPtAPSymbolic_MPIAIJ_MPIAIJ"
121 PetscErrorCode MatPtAPSymbolic_MPIAIJ_MPIAIJ(Mat A,Mat P,PetscReal fill,Mat *C)
122 {
123   PetscErrorCode      ierr;
124   Mat_PtAPMPI         *ptap;
125   Mat_MPIAIJ          *a=(Mat_MPIAIJ*)A->data,*p=(Mat_MPIAIJ*)P->data,*c;
126   MPI_Comm            comm;
127   PetscMPIInt         size,rank;
128   Mat                 Cmpi;
129   PetscFreeSpaceList  free_space=NULL,current_space=NULL;
130   PetscInt            am=A->rmap->n,pm=P->rmap->n,pN=P->cmap->N,pn=P->cmap->n;
131   PetscInt            *lnk,i,k,pnz,row,nsend;
132   PetscBT             lnkbt;
133   PetscMPIInt         tagi,tagj,*len_si,*len_s,*len_ri,icompleted=0,nrecv;
134   PetscInt            **buf_rj,**buf_ri,**buf_ri_k;
135   PetscInt            len,proc,*dnz,*onz,*owners,nzi,nspacedouble;
136   PetscInt            nrows,*buf_s,*buf_si,*buf_si_i,**nextrow,**nextci;
137   MPI_Request         *swaits,*rwaits;
138   MPI_Status          *sstatus,rstatus;
139   PetscLayout         rowmap;
140   PetscInt            *owners_co,*coi,*coj;    /* i and j array of (p->B)^T*A*P - used in the communication */
141   PetscMPIInt         *len_r,*id_r;    /* array of length of comm->size, store send/recv matrix values */
142   PetscInt            *api,*apj,*Jptr,apnz,*prmap=p->garray,con,j,ap_rmax=0,Crmax,rmax,*aj,*ai,*pi;
143   Mat_SeqAIJ          *p_loc,*p_oth,*ad=(Mat_SeqAIJ*)(a->A)->data,*ao=(Mat_SeqAIJ*)(a->B)->data,*c_loc,*c_oth;
144   PetscScalar         *apv;
145   PetscTable          ta;
146   const char          *algTypes[2] = {"scalable","nonscalable"};
147   PetscInt            alg=1; /* set default algorithm */
148 #if defined(PETSC_USE_INFO)
149   PetscReal           apfill;
150 #endif
151 #if defined(PTAP_PROFILE)
152   PetscLogDouble      t0,t1,t11,t12,t2,t3,t4;
153 #endif
154 
155   PetscFunctionBegin;
156   ierr = PetscObjectGetComm((PetscObject)A,&comm);CHKERRQ(ierr);
157   ierr = MPI_Comm_size(comm,&size);CHKERRQ(ierr);
158   ierr = MPI_Comm_rank(comm,&rank);CHKERRQ(ierr);
159 #if defined(PTAP_PROFILE)
160   ierr = PetscTime(&t0);CHKERRQ(ierr);
161 #endif
162 
163   /* create struct Mat_PtAPMPI and attached it to C later */
164   ierr        = PetscNew(&ptap);CHKERRQ(ierr);
165   ptap->reuse = MAT_INITIAL_MATRIX;
166 
167   /* get P_oth by taking rows of P (= non-zero cols of local A) from other processors */
168   ierr = MatGetBrowsOfAoCols_MPIAIJ(A,P,MAT_INITIAL_MATRIX,&ptap->startsj_s,&ptap->startsj_r,&ptap->bufa,&ptap->P_oth);CHKERRQ(ierr);
169   /* get P_loc by taking all local rows of P */
170   ierr = MatMPIAIJGetLocalMat(P,MAT_INITIAL_MATRIX,&ptap->P_loc);CHKERRQ(ierr);
171 
172   /* (0) compute Rd = Pd^T, Ro = Po^T  */
173   /* --------------------------------- */
174   ierr = MatTranspose_SeqAIJ(p->A,MAT_INITIAL_MATRIX,&ptap->Rd);CHKERRQ(ierr);
175   ierr = MatTranspose_SeqAIJ(p->B,MAT_INITIAL_MATRIX,&ptap->Ro);CHKERRQ(ierr);
176 #if defined(PTAP_PROFILE)
177   ierr = PetscTime(&t11);CHKERRQ(ierr);
178 #endif
179 
180   /* (1) compute symbolic AP = A_loc*P = Ad*P_loc + Ao*P_oth (api,apj) */
181   /* ----------------------------------------------------------------- */
182   p_loc  = (Mat_SeqAIJ*)(ptap->P_loc)->data;
183   p_oth  = (Mat_SeqAIJ*)(ptap->P_oth)->data;
184 
185   /* create and initialize a linked list */
186   Crmax = 5*(p_loc->rmax+p_oth->rmax + (PetscInt)(1.e-2*pN)); /* expected Crmax */
187   if (Crmax > pN) Crmax=pN;
188   ierr = PetscTableCreate(Crmax,pN,&ta);CHKERRQ(ierr); /* for compute AP_loc and Cmpi */
189   MatRowMergeMax_SeqAIJ(p_loc,ptap->P_loc->rmap->N,ta);
190   MatRowMergeMax_SeqAIJ(p_oth,ptap->P_oth->rmap->N,ta);
191   ierr = PetscTableGetCount(ta,&Crmax);CHKERRQ(ierr); /* Crmax = nnz(sum of Prows) */
192   /* printf("[%d] est %d, Crmax %d; pN %d\n",rank,5*(p_loc->rmax+p_oth->rmax + (PetscInt)(1.e-2*pN)),Crmax,pN); */
193 
194   ierr = PetscLLCondensedCreate(Crmax,pN,&lnk,&lnkbt);CHKERRQ(ierr);
195 
196   /* Initial FreeSpace size is fill*(nnz(A) + nnz(P)) */
197   ierr = PetscFreeSpaceGet((PetscInt)(fill*(ad->i[am]+ao->i[am]+p_loc->i[pm])),&free_space);CHKERRQ(ierr);
198   current_space = free_space;
199   nspacedouble  = 0;
200 
201   ierr   = PetscMalloc1(am+1,&api);CHKERRQ(ierr);
202   api[0] = 0;
203   for (i=0; i<am; i++) {
204     /* diagonal portion: Ad[i,:]*P */
205     ai = ad->i; pi = p_loc->i;
206     nzi = ai[i+1] - ai[i];
207     aj  = ad->j + ai[i];
208     for (j=0; j<nzi; j++) {
209       row  = aj[j];
210       pnz  = pi[row+1] - pi[row];
211       Jptr = p_loc->j + pi[row];
212       /* add non-zero cols of P into the sorted linked list lnk */
213       ierr = PetscLLCondensedAddSorted(pnz,Jptr,lnk,lnkbt);CHKERRQ(ierr);
214     }
215     /* off-diagonal portion: Ao[i,:]*P */
216     ai = ao->i; pi = p_oth->i;
217     nzi = ai[i+1] - ai[i];
218     aj  = ao->j + ai[i];
219     for (j=0; j<nzi; j++) {
220       row  = aj[j];
221       pnz  = pi[row+1] - pi[row];
222       Jptr = p_oth->j + pi[row];
223       ierr = PetscLLCondensedAddSorted(pnz,Jptr,lnk,lnkbt);CHKERRQ(ierr);
224     }
225     apnz     = lnk[0];
226     api[i+1] = api[i] + apnz;
227     if (ap_rmax < apnz) ap_rmax = apnz;
228 
229     /* if free space is not available, double the total space in the list */
230     if (current_space->local_remaining<apnz) {
231       ierr = PetscFreeSpaceGet(apnz+current_space->total_array_size,&current_space);CHKERRQ(ierr);
232       nspacedouble++;
233     }
234 
235     /* Copy data into free space, then initialize lnk */
236     ierr = PetscLLCondensedClean(pN,apnz,current_space->array,lnk,lnkbt);CHKERRQ(ierr);
237 
238     current_space->array           += apnz;
239     current_space->local_used      += apnz;
240     current_space->local_remaining -= apnz;
241   }
242   /* Allocate space for apj and apv, initialize apj, and */
243   /* destroy list of free space and other temporary array(s) */
244   ierr   = PetscMalloc2(api[am],&apj,api[am],&apv);CHKERRQ(ierr);
245   ierr   = PetscFreeSpaceContiguous(&free_space,apj);CHKERRQ(ierr);
246   ierr = PetscLLDestroy(lnk,lnkbt);CHKERRQ(ierr);
247 
248   /* Create AP_loc for reuse */
249   ierr = MatCreateSeqAIJWithArrays(PETSC_COMM_SELF,am,pN,api,apj,apv,&ptap->AP_loc);CHKERRQ(ierr);
250 
251 #if defined(PETSC_USE_INFO)
252   apfill = (PetscReal)api[am]/(ad->i[am]+ao->i[am]+p_loc->i[pm]+1);
253   ptap->AP_loc->info.mallocs           = nspacedouble;
254   ptap->AP_loc->info.fill_ratio_given  = fill;
255   ptap->AP_loc->info.fill_ratio_needed = apfill;
256 
257   if (api[am]) {
258     ierr = PetscInfo3(ptap->AP_loc,"AP_loc reallocs %D; Fill ratio: given %g needed %g.\n",nspacedouble,(double)fill,(double)apfill);CHKERRQ(ierr);
259     ierr = PetscInfo1(ptap->AP_loc,"Use MatPtAP(A,B,MatReuse,%g,&C) for best AP_loc performance.;\n",(double)apfill);CHKERRQ(ierr);
260   } else {
261     ierr = PetscInfo(ptap->AP_loc,"AP_loc is empty \n");CHKERRQ(ierr);
262   }
263 #endif
264 
265 #if defined(PTAP_PROFILE)
266   ierr = PetscTime(&t12);CHKERRQ(ierr);
267 #endif
268 
269   /* (2-1) compute symbolic Co = Ro*AP_loc  */
270   /* ------------------------------------ */
271   ierr = MatMatMultSymbolic_SeqAIJ_SeqAIJ(ptap->Ro,ptap->AP_loc,fill,&ptap->C_oth);CHKERRQ(ierr);
272   c_oth = (Mat_SeqAIJ*)ptap->C_oth->data;
273 #if defined(PTAP_PROFILE)
274   ierr = PetscTime(&t1);CHKERRQ(ierr);
275 #endif
276 
277   /* (3) send coj of C_oth to other processors  */
278   /* ------------------------------------------ */
279   /* determine row ownership */
280   ierr = PetscLayoutCreate(comm,&rowmap);CHKERRQ(ierr);
281   rowmap->n  = pn;
282   rowmap->bs = 1;
283   ierr   = PetscLayoutSetUp(rowmap);CHKERRQ(ierr);
284   owners = rowmap->range;
285 
286   /* determine the number of messages to send, their lengths */
287   ierr = PetscMalloc4(size,&len_s,size,&len_si,size,&sstatus,size+2,&owners_co);CHKERRQ(ierr);
288   ierr = PetscMemzero(len_s,size*sizeof(PetscMPIInt));CHKERRQ(ierr);
289   ierr = PetscMemzero(len_si,size*sizeof(PetscMPIInt));CHKERRQ(ierr);
290 
291   c_oth = (Mat_SeqAIJ*)ptap->C_oth->data;
292   coi   = c_oth->i; coj = c_oth->j;
293   con   = ptap->C_oth->rmap->n;
294   proc  = 0;
295   for (i=0; i<con; i++) {
296     while (prmap[i] >= owners[proc+1]) proc++;
297     len_si[proc]++;               /* num of rows in Co(=Pt*AP) to be sent to [proc] */
298     len_s[proc] += coi[i+1] - coi[i]; /* num of nonzeros in Co to be sent to [proc] */
299   }
300 
301   len          = 0; /* max length of buf_si[], see (4) */
302   owners_co[0] = 0;
303   nsend        = 0;
304   for (proc=0; proc<size; proc++) {
305     owners_co[proc+1] = owners_co[proc] + len_si[proc];
306     if (len_s[proc]) {
307       nsend++;
308       len_si[proc] = 2*(len_si[proc] + 1); /* length of buf_si to be sent to [proc] */
309       len         += len_si[proc];
310     }
311   }
312 
313   /* determine the number and length of messages to receive for coi and coj  */
314   ierr = PetscGatherNumberOfMessages(comm,NULL,len_s,&nrecv);CHKERRQ(ierr);
315   ierr = PetscGatherMessageLengths2(comm,nsend,nrecv,len_s,len_si,&id_r,&len_r,&len_ri);CHKERRQ(ierr);
316 
317   /* post the Irecv and Isend of coj */
318   ierr = PetscCommGetNewTag(comm,&tagj);CHKERRQ(ierr);
319   ierr = PetscPostIrecvInt(comm,tagj,nrecv,id_r,len_r,&buf_rj,&rwaits);CHKERRQ(ierr);
320   ierr = PetscMalloc1(nsend+1,&swaits);CHKERRQ(ierr);
321   for (proc=0, k=0; proc<size; proc++) {
322     if (!len_s[proc]) continue;
323     i    = owners_co[proc];
324     ierr = MPI_Isend(coj+coi[i],len_s[proc],MPIU_INT,proc,tagj,comm,swaits+k);CHKERRQ(ierr);
325     k++;
326   }
327 
328   /* (2-2) compute symbolic C_loc = Rd*AP_loc */
329   /* ---------------------------------------- */
330   ierr = MatMatMultSymbolic_SeqAIJ_SeqAIJ(ptap->Rd,ptap->AP_loc,fill,&ptap->C_loc);CHKERRQ(ierr);
331   c_loc = (Mat_SeqAIJ*)ptap->C_loc->data;
332 
333   /* receives coj are complete */
334   for (i=0; i<nrecv; i++) {
335     ierr = MPI_Waitany(nrecv,rwaits,&icompleted,&rstatus);CHKERRQ(ierr);
336   }
337   ierr = PetscFree(rwaits);CHKERRQ(ierr);
338   if (nsend) {ierr = MPI_Waitall(nsend,swaits,sstatus);CHKERRQ(ierr);}
339 
340   /* add received column indices into ta to update Crmax */
341   for (k=0; k<nrecv; k++) {/* k-th received message */
342     Jptr = buf_rj[k];
343     for (j=0; j<len_r[k]; j++) {
344       ierr = PetscTableAdd(ta,*(Jptr+j)+1,1,INSERT_VALUES);CHKERRQ(ierr);
345     }
346   }
347   ierr = PetscTableGetCount(ta,&Crmax);CHKERRQ(ierr);
348   ierr = PetscTableDestroy(&ta);CHKERRQ(ierr);
349 
350   /* (4) send and recv coi */
351   /*-----------------------*/
352   ierr   = PetscCommGetNewTag(comm,&tagi);CHKERRQ(ierr);
353   ierr   = PetscPostIrecvInt(comm,tagi,nrecv,id_r,len_ri,&buf_ri,&rwaits);CHKERRQ(ierr);
354   ierr   = PetscMalloc1(len+1,&buf_s);CHKERRQ(ierr);
355   buf_si = buf_s;  /* points to the beginning of k-th msg to be sent */
356   for (proc=0,k=0; proc<size; proc++) {
357     if (!len_s[proc]) continue;
358     /* form outgoing message for i-structure:
359          buf_si[0]:                 nrows to be sent
360                [1:nrows]:           row index (global)
361                [nrows+1:2*nrows+1]: i-structure index
362     */
363     /*-------------------------------------------*/
364     nrows       = len_si[proc]/2 - 1; /* num of rows in Co to be sent to [proc] */
365     buf_si_i    = buf_si + nrows+1;
366     buf_si[0]   = nrows;
367     buf_si_i[0] = 0;
368     nrows       = 0;
369     for (i=owners_co[proc]; i<owners_co[proc+1]; i++) {
370       nzi = coi[i+1] - coi[i];
371       buf_si_i[nrows+1] = buf_si_i[nrows] + nzi;  /* i-structure */
372       buf_si[nrows+1]   = prmap[i] -owners[proc]; /* local row index */
373       nrows++;
374     }
375     ierr = MPI_Isend(buf_si,len_si[proc],MPIU_INT,proc,tagi,comm,swaits+k);CHKERRQ(ierr);
376     k++;
377     buf_si += len_si[proc];
378   }
379   for (i=0; i<nrecv; i++) {
380     ierr = MPI_Waitany(nrecv,rwaits,&icompleted,&rstatus);CHKERRQ(ierr);
381   }
382   ierr = PetscFree(rwaits);CHKERRQ(ierr);
383   if (nsend) {ierr = MPI_Waitall(nsend,swaits,sstatus);CHKERRQ(ierr);}
384 
385   ierr = PetscFree4(len_s,len_si,sstatus,owners_co);CHKERRQ(ierr);
386   ierr = PetscFree(len_ri);CHKERRQ(ierr);
387   ierr = PetscFree(swaits);CHKERRQ(ierr);
388   ierr = PetscFree(buf_s);CHKERRQ(ierr);
389 #if defined(PTAP_PROFILE)
390   ierr = PetscTime(&t2);CHKERRQ(ierr);
391 #endif
392   /* (5) compute the local portion of Cmpi      */
393   /* ------------------------------------------ */
394   /* set initial free space to be Crmax, sufficient for holding nozeros in each row of Cmpi */
395   ierr          = PetscFreeSpaceGet(Crmax,&free_space);CHKERRQ(ierr);
396   current_space = free_space;
397 
398   ierr = PetscMalloc3(nrecv,&buf_ri_k,nrecv,&nextrow,nrecv,&nextci);CHKERRQ(ierr);
399   for (k=0; k<nrecv; k++) {
400     buf_ri_k[k] = buf_ri[k]; /* beginning of k-th recved i-structure */
401     nrows       = *buf_ri_k[k];
402     nextrow[k]  = buf_ri_k[k] + 1;  /* next row number of k-th recved i-structure */
403     nextci[k]   = buf_ri_k[k] + (nrows + 1); /* poins to the next i-structure of k-th recved i-structure  */
404   }
405 
406   ierr = MatPreallocateInitialize(comm,pn,pn,dnz,onz);CHKERRQ(ierr);
407   ierr = PetscLLCondensedCreate(Crmax,pN,&lnk,&lnkbt);CHKERRQ(ierr);
408   rmax = 0;
409   for (i=0; i<pn; i++) {
410     /* add C_loc into Cmpi */
411     nzi  = c_loc->i[i+1] - c_loc->i[i];
412     Jptr = c_loc->j + c_loc->i[i];
413     ierr = PetscLLCondensedAddSorted(nzi,Jptr,lnk,lnkbt);CHKERRQ(ierr);
414 
415     /* add received col data into lnk */
416     for (k=0; k<nrecv; k++) { /* k-th received message */
417       if (i == *nextrow[k]) { /* i-th row */
418         nzi  = *(nextci[k]+1) - *nextci[k];
419         Jptr = buf_rj[k] + *nextci[k];
420         ierr = PetscLLCondensedAddSorted(nzi,Jptr,lnk,lnkbt);CHKERRQ(ierr);
421         nextrow[k]++; nextci[k]++;
422       }
423     }
424     nzi = lnk[0];
425 
426     /* copy data into free space, then initialize lnk */
427     ierr = PetscLLCondensedClean(pN,nzi,current_space->array,lnk,lnkbt);CHKERRQ(ierr);
428     ierr = MatPreallocateSet(i+owners[rank],nzi,current_space->array,dnz,onz);CHKERRQ(ierr);
429     if (nzi > rmax) rmax = nzi;
430   }
431   ierr = PetscFree3(buf_ri_k,nextrow,nextci);CHKERRQ(ierr);
432   ierr = PetscLLDestroy(lnk,lnkbt);CHKERRQ(ierr);
433   ierr = PetscFreeSpaceDestroy(free_space);CHKERRQ(ierr);
434 #if defined(PTAP_PROFILE)
435   ierr = PetscTime(&t3);CHKERRQ(ierr);
436 #endif
437 
438   /* (6) create symbolic parallel matrix Cmpi */
439   /*------------------------------------------*/
440   ierr = MatCreate(comm,&Cmpi);CHKERRQ(ierr);
441   ierr = MatSetSizes(Cmpi,pn,pn,PETSC_DETERMINE,PETSC_DETERMINE);CHKERRQ(ierr);
442   ierr = MatSetBlockSizes(Cmpi,PetscAbs(P->cmap->bs),PetscAbs(P->cmap->bs));CHKERRQ(ierr);
443   ierr = MatSetType(Cmpi,MATMPIAIJ);CHKERRQ(ierr);
444   ierr = MatMPIAIJSetPreallocation(Cmpi,0,dnz,0,onz);CHKERRQ(ierr);
445   ierr = MatPreallocateFinalize(dnz,onz);CHKERRQ(ierr);
446 
447   /* members in merge */
448   ierr = PetscFree(id_r);CHKERRQ(ierr);
449   ierr = PetscFree(len_r);CHKERRQ(ierr);
450   ierr = PetscFree(buf_ri[0]);CHKERRQ(ierr);
451   ierr = PetscFree(buf_ri);CHKERRQ(ierr);
452   ierr = PetscFree(buf_rj[0]);CHKERRQ(ierr);
453   ierr = PetscFree(buf_rj);CHKERRQ(ierr);
454   ierr = PetscLayoutDestroy(&rowmap);CHKERRQ(ierr);
455 
456   /* attach the supporting struct to Cmpi for reuse */
457   c = (Mat_MPIAIJ*)Cmpi->data;
458   c->ptap         = ptap;
459   ptap->rmax      = ap_rmax;
460   ptap->duplicate = Cmpi->ops->duplicate;
461   ptap->destroy   = Cmpi->ops->destroy;
462 
463   ierr = PetscObjectOptionsBegin((PetscObject)A);CHKERRQ(ierr);
464   ierr = PetscOptionsEList("-matptap_via","Algorithmic approach","MatPtAP",algTypes,2,algTypes[1],&alg,NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
465   ierr = PetscOptionsEnd();CHKERRQ(ierr);
466 
467   if (alg == 1) {
468     /* Do dense axpy in MatPtAPNumeric_MPIAIJ_MPIAIJ() */
469     ierr = PetscCalloc1(pN,&ptap->apa);CHKERRQ(ierr);
470     Cmpi->ops->ptapnumeric = MatPtAPNumeric_MPIAIJ_MPIAIJ;
471   } else {
472     Cmpi->ops->ptapnumeric = 0; /* not done yet */
473     SETERRQ(comm,PETSC_ERR_ARG_SIZ,"Not done yet");
474   }
475 
476 
477   /* Cmpi is not ready for use - assembly will be done by MatPtAPNumeric() */
478   Cmpi->assembled        = PETSC_FALSE;
479   Cmpi->ops->destroy     = MatDestroy_MPIAIJ_PtAP;
480   Cmpi->ops->duplicate   = MatDuplicate_MPIAIJ_MatPtAP;
481   *C                     = Cmpi;
482 
483 #if defined(PTAP_PROFILE)
484   ierr = PetscTime(&t4);CHKERRQ(ierr);
485   if (rank == 1) {
486     printf("PtAPSym: %g + %g + %g + %g + %g + %g = %g\n",t11-t0,t1-t11,t12-t11,t2-t2,t3-t2,t4-t3,t4-t0);
487   }
488 #endif
489   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
490 }
491 
492 #undef __FUNCT__
493 #define __FUNCT__ "MatPtAPNumeric_MPIAIJ_MPIAIJ"
494 PetscErrorCode MatPtAPNumeric_MPIAIJ_MPIAIJ(Mat A,Mat P,Mat C)
495 {
496   PetscErrorCode    ierr;
497   Mat_MPIAIJ        *a=(Mat_MPIAIJ*)A->data,*p=(Mat_MPIAIJ*)P->data,*c=(Mat_MPIAIJ*)C->data;
498   Mat_SeqAIJ        *ad=(Mat_SeqAIJ*)(a->A)->data,*ao=(Mat_SeqAIJ*)(a->B)->data;
499   Mat_SeqAIJ        *ap,*p_loc,*p_oth,*c_seq;
500   Mat_PtAPMPI       *ptap = c->ptap;
501   Mat               AP_loc,C_loc,C_oth;
502   PetscInt          i,rstart,rend,cm,ncols,row;
503   PetscInt          *api,*apj,am = A->rmap->n,j,col,apnz;
504   PetscScalar       *apa;
505   const PetscInt    *cols;
506   const PetscScalar *vals;
507 #if defined(PTAP_PROFILE)
508   PetscMPIInt       rank;
509   MPI_Comm          comm;
510   PetscLogDouble    t0,t1,t2,t3,t4,eR,eAP,eCseq,eCmpi;
511 #endif
512 
513   PetscFunctionBegin;
514   ierr = MatZeroEntries(C);CHKERRQ(ierr);
515 
516   /* 1) get R = Pd^T,Ro = Po^T */
517 #if defined(PTAP_PROFILE)
518   ierr = PetscTime(&t0);CHKERRQ(ierr);
519 #endif
520   if (ptap->reuse == MAT_REUSE_MATRIX) {
521     ierr = MatTranspose_SeqAIJ(p->A,MAT_REUSE_MATRIX,&ptap->Rd);CHKERRQ(ierr);
522     ierr = MatTranspose_SeqAIJ(p->B,MAT_REUSE_MATRIX,&ptap->Ro);CHKERRQ(ierr);
523   }
524 #if defined(PTAP_PROFILE)
525   ierr = PetscTime(&t1);CHKERRQ(ierr);
526   eR = t1 - t0;
527 #endif
528 
529   /* 2) get AP_loc */
530   AP_loc = ptap->AP_loc;
531   ap = (Mat_SeqAIJ*)AP_loc->data;
532 
533   /* 2-1) get P_oth = ptap->P_oth  and P_loc = ptap->P_loc */
534   /*-----------------------------------------------------*/
535   if (ptap->reuse == MAT_REUSE_MATRIX) {
536     /* P_oth and P_loc are obtained in MatPtASymbolic() when reuse == MAT_INITIAL_MATRIX */
537     ierr = MatGetBrowsOfAoCols_MPIAIJ(A,P,MAT_REUSE_MATRIX,&ptap->startsj_s,&ptap->startsj_r,&ptap->bufa,&ptap->P_oth);CHKERRQ(ierr);
538     ierr = MatMPIAIJGetLocalMat(P,MAT_REUSE_MATRIX,&ptap->P_loc);CHKERRQ(ierr);
539   }
540 
541   /* 2-2) compute numeric A_loc*P - dominating part */
542   /* ---------------------------------------------- */
543   /* get data from symbolic products */
544   p_loc = (Mat_SeqAIJ*)(ptap->P_loc)->data;
545   p_oth = (Mat_SeqAIJ*)(ptap->P_oth)->data;
546   apa   = ptap->apa;
547   api   = ap->i;
548   apj   = ap->j;
549   for (i=0; i<am; i++) {
550     /* AP[i,:] = A[i,:]*P = Ad*P_loc Ao*P_oth */
551     AProw_nonscalable(i,ad,ao,p_loc,p_oth,apa);
552     apnz = api[i+1] - api[i];
553     for (j=0; j<apnz; j++) {
554       col = apj[j+api[i]];
555       ap->a[j+ap->i[i]] = apa[col];
556       apa[col] = 0.0;
557     }
558     ierr = PetscLogFlops(2.0*apnz);CHKERRQ(ierr);
559   }
560 #if defined(PTAP_PROFILE)
561   ierr = PetscTime(&t2);CHKERRQ(ierr);
562   eAP = t2 - t1;
563 #endif
564 
565   /* 3) C_loc = Rd*AP_loc, C_oth = Ro*AP_loc */
566   ierr = ((ptap->C_loc)->ops->matmultnumeric)(ptap->Rd,AP_loc,ptap->C_loc);CHKERRQ(ierr);
567   ierr = ((ptap->C_oth)->ops->matmultnumeric)(ptap->Ro,AP_loc,ptap->C_oth);CHKERRQ(ierr);
568   C_loc = ptap->C_loc;
569   C_oth = ptap->C_oth;
570 #if defined(PTAP_PROFILE)
571   ierr = PetscTime(&t3);CHKERRQ(ierr);
572   eCseq = t3 - t2;
573 #endif
574 
575   /* add C_loc and Co to to C */
576   ierr = MatGetOwnershipRange(C,&rstart,&rend);CHKERRQ(ierr);
577 
578   /* C_loc -> C */
579   cm    = C_loc->rmap->N;
580   c_seq = (Mat_SeqAIJ*)C_loc->data;
581   cols = c_seq->j;
582   vals = c_seq->a;
583   for (i=0; i<cm; i++) {
584     ncols = c_seq->i[i+1] - c_seq->i[i];
585     row = rstart + i;
586     ierr = MatSetValues(C,1,&row,ncols,cols,vals,ADD_VALUES);CHKERRQ(ierr);
587     cols += ncols; vals += ncols;
588   }
589 
590   /* Co -> C, off-processor part */
591   cm = C_oth->rmap->N;
592   c_seq = (Mat_SeqAIJ*)C_oth->data;
593   cols = c_seq->j;
594   vals = c_seq->a;
595   for (i=0; i<cm; i++) {
596     ncols = c_seq->i[i+1] - c_seq->i[i];
597     row = p->garray[i];
598     ierr = MatSetValues(C,1,&row,ncols,cols,vals,ADD_VALUES);CHKERRQ(ierr);
599     cols += ncols; vals += ncols;
600   }
601   ierr = MatAssemblyBegin(C,MAT_FINAL_ASSEMBLY);CHKERRQ(ierr);
602   ierr = MatAssemblyEnd(C,MAT_FINAL_ASSEMBLY);CHKERRQ(ierr);
603 #if defined(PTAP_PROFILE)
604   ierr = PetscTime(&t4);CHKERRQ(ierr);
605   eCmpi = t4 - t3;
606 
607   ierr = PetscObjectGetComm((PetscObject)C,&comm);CHKERRQ(ierr);
608   ierr = MPI_Comm_rank(comm,&rank);CHKERRQ(ierr);
609   if (rank==1) {
610     ierr = PetscPrintf(MPI_COMM_SELF," R %g, AP %g, Cseq %g, Cmpi %g = %g\n", eR,eAP,eCseq,eCmpi,eR+eAP+eCseq+eCmpi);CHKERRQ(ierr);
611   }
612 #endif
613   ptap->reuse = MAT_REUSE_MATRIX;
614   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
615 }
616 
617 #undef __FUNCT__
618 #define __FUNCT__ "MatPtAPSymbolic_MPIAIJ_MPIAIJ_ptap"
619 PetscErrorCode MatPtAPSymbolic_MPIAIJ_MPIAIJ_ptap(Mat A,Mat P,PetscReal fill,Mat *C)
620 {
621   PetscErrorCode      ierr;
622   Mat                 Cmpi;
623   Mat_PtAPMPI         *ptap;
624   PetscFreeSpaceList  free_space=NULL,current_space=NULL;
625   Mat_MPIAIJ          *a        =(Mat_MPIAIJ*)A->data,*p=(Mat_MPIAIJ*)P->data,*c;
626   Mat_SeqAIJ          *ad       =(Mat_SeqAIJ*)(a->A)->data,*ao=(Mat_SeqAIJ*)(a->B)->data;
627   Mat_SeqAIJ          *p_loc,*p_oth;
628   PetscInt            *pi_loc,*pj_loc,*pi_oth,*pj_oth,*pdti,*pdtj,*poti,*potj,*ptJ;
629   PetscInt            *adi=ad->i,*aj,*aoi=ao->i,nnz;
630   PetscInt            *lnk,*owners_co,*coi,*coj,i,k,pnz,row;
631   PetscInt            am=A->rmap->n,pN=P->cmap->N,pm=P->rmap->n,pn=P->cmap->n;
632   PetscBT             lnkbt;
633   MPI_Comm            comm;
634   PetscMPIInt         size,rank,tagi,tagj,*len_si,*len_s,*len_ri,icompleted=0;
635   PetscInt            **buf_rj,**buf_ri,**buf_ri_k;
636   PetscInt            len,proc,*dnz,*onz,*owners;
637   PetscInt            nzi,*pti,*ptj;
638   PetscInt            nrows,*buf_s,*buf_si,*buf_si_i,**nextrow,**nextci;
639   MPI_Request         *swaits,*rwaits;
640   MPI_Status          *sstatus,rstatus;
641   Mat_Merge_SeqsToMPI *merge;
642   PetscInt            *api,*apj,*Jptr,apnz,*prmap=p->garray,pon,nspacedouble=0,j,ap_rmax=0;
643   PetscReal           afill=1.0,afill_tmp;
644   PetscInt            rmax;
645 
646   PetscFunctionBegin;
647   ierr = PetscObjectGetComm((PetscObject)A,&comm);CHKERRQ(ierr);
648   ierr = MPI_Comm_size(comm,&size);CHKERRQ(ierr);
649   ierr = MPI_Comm_rank(comm,&rank);CHKERRQ(ierr);
650 
651   /* create struct Mat_PtAPMPI and attached it to C later */
652   ierr        = PetscNew(&ptap);CHKERRQ(ierr);
653   ierr        = PetscNew(&merge);CHKERRQ(ierr);
654   ptap->merge = merge;
655   ptap->reuse = MAT_INITIAL_MATRIX;
656 
657   /* get P_oth by taking rows of P (= non-zero cols of local A) from other processors */
658   ierr = MatGetBrowsOfAoCols_MPIAIJ(A,P,MAT_INITIAL_MATRIX,&ptap->startsj_s,&ptap->startsj_r,&ptap->bufa,&ptap->P_oth);CHKERRQ(ierr);
659 
660   /* get P_loc by taking all local rows of P */
661   ierr = MatMPIAIJGetLocalMat(P,MAT_INITIAL_MATRIX,&ptap->P_loc);CHKERRQ(ierr);
662 
663   p_loc  = (Mat_SeqAIJ*)(ptap->P_loc)->data;
664   p_oth  = (Mat_SeqAIJ*)(ptap->P_oth)->data;
665   pi_loc = p_loc->i; pj_loc = p_loc->j;
666   pi_oth = p_oth->i; pj_oth = p_oth->j;
667 
668   /* (1) compute symbolic AP = A_loc*P = A_diag*P_loc + A_off*P_oth (api,apj) */
669   /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
670   ierr   = PetscMalloc1(am+1,&api);CHKERRQ(ierr);
671   api[0] = 0;
672 
673   /* create and initialize a linked list */
674   ierr = PetscLLCondensedCreate(pN,pN,&lnk,&lnkbt);CHKERRQ(ierr);
675 
676   /* Initial FreeSpace size is fill*(nnz(A) + nnz(P)) -OOM for ex56, np=8k on Intrepid! */
677   ierr = PetscFreeSpaceGet((PetscInt)(fill*(adi[am]+aoi[am]+pi_loc[pm])),&free_space);CHKERRQ(ierr);
678   current_space = free_space;
679 
680   for (i=0; i<am; i++) {
681     /* diagonal portion of A */
682     nzi = adi[i+1] - adi[i];
683     aj  = ad->j + adi[i];
684     for (j=0; j<nzi; j++) {
685       row  = aj[j];
686       pnz  = pi_loc[row+1] - pi_loc[row];
687       Jptr = pj_loc + pi_loc[row];
688       /* add non-zero cols of P into the sorted linked list lnk */
689       ierr = PetscLLCondensedAddSorted(pnz,Jptr,lnk,lnkbt);CHKERRQ(ierr);
690     }
691     /* off-diagonal portion of A */
692     nzi = aoi[i+1] - aoi[i];
693     aj  = ao->j + aoi[i];
694     for (j=0; j<nzi; j++) {
695       row  = aj[j];
696       pnz  = pi_oth[row+1] - pi_oth[row];
697       Jptr = pj_oth + pi_oth[row];
698       ierr = PetscLLCondensedAddSorted(pnz,Jptr,lnk,lnkbt);CHKERRQ(ierr);
699     }
700     apnz     = lnk[0];
701     api[i+1] = api[i] + apnz;
702     if (ap_rmax < apnz) ap_rmax = apnz;
703 
704     /* if free space is not available, double the total space in the list */
705     if (current_space->local_remaining<apnz) {
706       ierr = PetscFreeSpaceGet(apnz+current_space->total_array_size,&current_space);CHKERRQ(ierr);
707       nspacedouble++;
708     }
709 
710     /* Copy data into free space, then initialize lnk */
711     ierr = PetscLLCondensedClean(pN,apnz,current_space->array,lnk,lnkbt);CHKERRQ(ierr);
712 
713     current_space->array           += apnz;
714     current_space->local_used      += apnz;
715     current_space->local_remaining -= apnz;
716   }
717 
718   /* Allocate space for apj, initialize apj, and */
719   /* destroy list of free space and other temporary array(s) */
720   ierr      = PetscMalloc1(api[am]+1,&apj);CHKERRQ(ierr);
721   ierr      = PetscFreeSpaceContiguous(&free_space,apj);CHKERRQ(ierr);
722   afill_tmp = (PetscReal)api[am]/(adi[am]+aoi[am]+pi_loc[pm]+1);
723   if (afill_tmp > afill) afill = afill_tmp;
724 
725   /* (2) determine symbolic Co=(p->B)^T*AP - send to others (coi,coj)*/
726   /*-----------------------------------------------------------------*/
727   ierr = MatGetSymbolicTranspose_SeqAIJ(p->B,&poti,&potj);CHKERRQ(ierr);
728 
729   /* then, compute symbolic Co = (p->B)^T*AP */
730   pon    = (p->B)->cmap->n; /* total num of rows to be sent to other processors
731                          >= (num of nonzero rows of C_seq) - pn */
732   ierr   = PetscMalloc1(pon+1,&coi);CHKERRQ(ierr);
733   coi[0] = 0;
734 
735   /* set initial free space to be fill*(nnz(p->B) + nnz(AP)) */
736   nnz           = fill*(poti[pon] + api[am]);
737   ierr          = PetscFreeSpaceGet(nnz,&free_space);CHKERRQ(ierr);
738   current_space = free_space;
739 
740   for (i=0; i<pon; i++) {
741     pnz = poti[i+1] - poti[i];
742     ptJ = potj + poti[i];
743     for (j=0; j<pnz; j++) {
744       row  = ptJ[j]; /* row of AP == col of Pot */
745       apnz = api[row+1] - api[row];
746       Jptr = apj + api[row];
747       /* add non-zero cols of AP into the sorted linked list lnk */
748       ierr = PetscLLCondensedAddSorted(apnz,Jptr,lnk,lnkbt);CHKERRQ(ierr);
749     }
750     nnz = lnk[0];
751 
752     /* If free space is not available, double the total space in the list */
753     if (current_space->local_remaining<nnz) {
754       ierr = PetscFreeSpaceGet(nnz+current_space->total_array_size,&current_space);CHKERRQ(ierr);
755       nspacedouble++;
756     }
757 
758     /* Copy data into free space, and zero out denserows */
759     ierr = PetscLLCondensedClean(pN,nnz,current_space->array,lnk,lnkbt);CHKERRQ(ierr);
760 
761     current_space->array           += nnz;
762     current_space->local_used      += nnz;
763     current_space->local_remaining -= nnz;
764 
765     coi[i+1] = coi[i] + nnz;
766   }
767 
768   ierr      = PetscMalloc1(coi[pon],&coj);CHKERRQ(ierr);
769   ierr      = PetscFreeSpaceContiguous(&free_space,coj);CHKERRQ(ierr);
770   afill_tmp = (PetscReal)coi[pon]/(poti[pon] + api[am]+1);
771   if (afill_tmp > afill) afill = afill_tmp;
772   ierr = MatRestoreSymbolicTranspose_SeqAIJ(p->B,&poti,&potj);CHKERRQ(ierr);
773 
774   /* (3) send j-array (coj) of Co to other processors */
775   /*--------------------------------------------------*/
776   ierr = PetscCalloc1(size,&merge->len_s);CHKERRQ(ierr);
777   len_s        = merge->len_s;
778   merge->nsend = 0;
779 
780 
781   /* determine row ownership */
782   ierr = PetscLayoutCreate(comm,&merge->rowmap);CHKERRQ(ierr);
783   merge->rowmap->n  = pn;
784   merge->rowmap->bs = 1;
785 
786   ierr   = PetscLayoutSetUp(merge->rowmap);CHKERRQ(ierr);
787   owners = merge->rowmap->range;
788 
789   /* determine the number of messages to send, their lengths */
790   ierr = PetscMalloc2(size,&len_si,size,&sstatus);CHKERRQ(ierr);
791   ierr = PetscMemzero(len_si,size*sizeof(PetscMPIInt));CHKERRQ(ierr);
792   ierr = PetscMalloc1(size+2,&owners_co);CHKERRQ(ierr);
793 
794   proc = 0;
795   for (i=0; i<pon; i++) {
796     while (prmap[i] >= owners[proc+1]) proc++;
797     len_si[proc]++;               /* num of rows in Co(=Pt*AP) to be sent to [proc] */
798     len_s[proc] += coi[i+1] - coi[i]; /* num of nonzeros in Co to be sent to [proc] */
799   }
800 
801   len          = 0; /* max length of buf_si[], see (4) */
802   owners_co[0] = 0;
803   for (proc=0; proc<size; proc++) {
804     owners_co[proc+1] = owners_co[proc] + len_si[proc];
805     if (len_s[proc]) {
806       merge->nsend++;
807       len_si[proc] = 2*(len_si[proc] + 1); /* length of buf_si to be sent to [proc] */
808       len         += len_si[proc];
809     }
810   }
811 
812   /* determine the number and length of messages to receive for coi and coj  */
813   ierr = PetscGatherNumberOfMessages(comm,NULL,len_s,&merge->nrecv);CHKERRQ(ierr);
814   ierr = PetscGatherMessageLengths2(comm,merge->nsend,merge->nrecv,len_s,len_si,&merge->id_r,&merge->len_r,&len_ri);CHKERRQ(ierr);
815 
816   /* post the Irecv and Isend of coj */
817   ierr = PetscCommGetNewTag(comm,&tagj);CHKERRQ(ierr);
818   ierr = PetscPostIrecvInt(comm,tagj,merge->nrecv,merge->id_r,merge->len_r,&buf_rj,&rwaits);CHKERRQ(ierr);
819   ierr = PetscMalloc1(merge->nsend+1,&swaits);CHKERRQ(ierr);
820   for (proc=0, k=0; proc<size; proc++) {
821     if (!len_s[proc]) continue;
822     i    = owners_co[proc];
823     ierr = MPI_Isend(coj+coi[i],len_s[proc],MPIU_INT,proc,tagj,comm,swaits+k);CHKERRQ(ierr);
824     k++;
825   }
826 
827   /* receives and sends of coj are complete */
828   for (i=0; i<merge->nrecv; i++) {
829     ierr = MPI_Waitany(merge->nrecv,rwaits,&icompleted,&rstatus);CHKERRQ(ierr);
830   }
831   ierr = PetscFree(rwaits);CHKERRQ(ierr);
832   if (merge->nsend) {ierr = MPI_Waitall(merge->nsend,swaits,sstatus);CHKERRQ(ierr);}
833 
834   /* (4) send and recv coi */
835   /*-----------------------*/
836   ierr   = PetscCommGetNewTag(comm,&tagi);CHKERRQ(ierr);
837   ierr   = PetscPostIrecvInt(comm,tagi,merge->nrecv,merge->id_r,len_ri,&buf_ri,&rwaits);CHKERRQ(ierr);
838   ierr   = PetscMalloc1(len+1,&buf_s);CHKERRQ(ierr);
839   buf_si = buf_s;  /* points to the beginning of k-th msg to be sent */
840   for (proc=0,k=0; proc<size; proc++) {
841     if (!len_s[proc]) continue;
842     /* form outgoing message for i-structure:
843          buf_si[0]:                 nrows to be sent
844                [1:nrows]:           row index (global)
845                [nrows+1:2*nrows+1]: i-structure index
846     */
847     /*-------------------------------------------*/
848     nrows       = len_si[proc]/2 - 1; /* num of rows in Co to be sent to [proc] */
849     buf_si_i    = buf_si + nrows+1;
850     buf_si[0]   = nrows;
851     buf_si_i[0] = 0;
852     nrows       = 0;
853     for (i=owners_co[proc]; i<owners_co[proc+1]; i++) {
854       nzi = coi[i+1] - coi[i];
855       buf_si_i[nrows+1] = buf_si_i[nrows] + nzi;  /* i-structure */
856       buf_si[nrows+1]   = prmap[i] -owners[proc]; /* local row index */
857       nrows++;
858     }
859     ierr = MPI_Isend(buf_si,len_si[proc],MPIU_INT,proc,tagi,comm,swaits+k);CHKERRQ(ierr);
860     k++;
861     buf_si += len_si[proc];
862   }
863   i = merge->nrecv;
864   while (i--) {
865     ierr = MPI_Waitany(merge->nrecv,rwaits,&icompleted,&rstatus);CHKERRQ(ierr);
866   }
867   ierr = PetscFree(rwaits);CHKERRQ(ierr);
868   if (merge->nsend) {ierr = MPI_Waitall(merge->nsend,swaits,sstatus);CHKERRQ(ierr);}
869 
870   ierr = PetscFree2(len_si,sstatus);CHKERRQ(ierr);
871   ierr = PetscFree(len_ri);CHKERRQ(ierr);
872   ierr = PetscFree(swaits);CHKERRQ(ierr);
873   ierr = PetscFree(buf_s);CHKERRQ(ierr);
874 
875   /* (5) compute the local portion of C (mpi mat) */
876   /*----------------------------------------------*/
877   ierr = MatGetSymbolicTranspose_SeqAIJ(p->A,&pdti,&pdtj);CHKERRQ(ierr);
878 
879   /* allocate pti array and free space for accumulating nonzero column info */
880   ierr   = PetscMalloc1(pn+1,&pti);CHKERRQ(ierr);
881   pti[0] = 0;
882 
883   /* set initial free space to be fill*(nnz(P) + nnz(AP)) */
884   nnz           = fill*(pi_loc[pm] + api[am]);
885   ierr          = PetscFreeSpaceGet(nnz,&free_space);CHKERRQ(ierr);
886   current_space = free_space;
887 
888   ierr = PetscMalloc3(merge->nrecv,&buf_ri_k,merge->nrecv,&nextrow,merge->nrecv,&nextci);CHKERRQ(ierr);
889   for (k=0; k<merge->nrecv; k++) {
890     buf_ri_k[k] = buf_ri[k]; /* beginning of k-th recved i-structure */
891     nrows       = *buf_ri_k[k];
892     nextrow[k]  = buf_ri_k[k] + 1;  /* next row number of k-th recved i-structure */
893     nextci[k]   = buf_ri_k[k] + (nrows + 1); /* poins to the next i-structure of k-th recved i-structure  */
894   }
895   ierr = MatPreallocateInitialize(comm,pn,pn,dnz,onz);CHKERRQ(ierr);
896   rmax = 0;
897   for (i=0; i<pn; i++) {
898     /* add pdt[i,:]*AP into lnk */
899     pnz = pdti[i+1] - pdti[i];
900     ptJ = pdtj + pdti[i];
901     for (j=0; j<pnz; j++) {
902       row  = ptJ[j];  /* row of AP == col of Pt */
903       apnz = api[row+1] - api[row];
904       Jptr = apj + api[row];
905       /* add non-zero cols of AP into the sorted linked list lnk */
906       ierr = PetscLLCondensedAddSorted(apnz,Jptr,lnk,lnkbt);CHKERRQ(ierr);
907     }
908 
909     /* add received col data into lnk */
910     for (k=0; k<merge->nrecv; k++) { /* k-th received message */
911       if (i == *nextrow[k]) { /* i-th row */
912         nzi  = *(nextci[k]+1) - *nextci[k];
913         Jptr = buf_rj[k] + *nextci[k];
914         ierr = PetscLLCondensedAddSorted(nzi,Jptr,lnk,lnkbt);CHKERRQ(ierr);
915         nextrow[k]++; nextci[k]++;
916       }
917     }
918     nnz = lnk[0];
919 
920     /* if free space is not available, make more free space */
921     if (current_space->local_remaining<nnz) {
922       ierr = PetscFreeSpaceGet(nnz+current_space->total_array_size,&current_space);CHKERRQ(ierr);
923       nspacedouble++;
924     }
925     /* copy data into free space, then initialize lnk */
926     ierr = PetscLLCondensedClean(pN,nnz,current_space->array,lnk,lnkbt);CHKERRQ(ierr);
927     ierr = MatPreallocateSet(i+owners[rank],nnz,current_space->array,dnz,onz);CHKERRQ(ierr);
928 
929     current_space->array           += nnz;
930     current_space->local_used      += nnz;
931     current_space->local_remaining -= nnz;
932 
933     pti[i+1] = pti[i] + nnz;
934     if (nnz > rmax) rmax = nnz;
935   }
936   ierr = MatRestoreSymbolicTranspose_SeqAIJ(p->A,&pdti,&pdtj);CHKERRQ(ierr);
937   ierr = PetscFree3(buf_ri_k,nextrow,nextci);CHKERRQ(ierr);
938 
939   ierr      = PetscMalloc1(pti[pn]+1,&ptj);CHKERRQ(ierr);
940   ierr      = PetscFreeSpaceContiguous(&free_space,ptj);CHKERRQ(ierr);
941   afill_tmp = (PetscReal)pti[pn]/(pi_loc[pm] + api[am]+1);
942   if (afill_tmp > afill) afill = afill_tmp;
943   ierr = PetscLLDestroy(lnk,lnkbt);CHKERRQ(ierr);
944 
945   /* (6) create symbolic parallel matrix Cmpi */
946   /*------------------------------------------*/
947   ierr = MatCreate(comm,&Cmpi);CHKERRQ(ierr);
948   ierr = MatSetSizes(Cmpi,pn,pn,PETSC_DETERMINE,PETSC_DETERMINE);CHKERRQ(ierr);
949   ierr = MatSetBlockSizes(Cmpi,PetscAbs(P->cmap->bs),PetscAbs(P->cmap->bs));CHKERRQ(ierr);
950   ierr = MatSetType(Cmpi,MATMPIAIJ);CHKERRQ(ierr);
951   ierr = MatMPIAIJSetPreallocation(Cmpi,0,dnz,0,onz);CHKERRQ(ierr);
952   ierr = MatPreallocateFinalize(dnz,onz);CHKERRQ(ierr);
953 
954   merge->bi        = pti;      /* Cseq->i */
955   merge->bj        = ptj;      /* Cseq->j */
956   merge->coi       = coi;      /* Co->i   */
957   merge->coj       = coj;      /* Co->j   */
958   merge->buf_ri    = buf_ri;
959   merge->buf_rj    = buf_rj;
960   merge->owners_co = owners_co;
961   merge->destroy   = Cmpi->ops->destroy;
962 
963   /* attach the supporting struct to Cmpi for reuse */
964   c           = (Mat_MPIAIJ*)Cmpi->data;
965   c->ptap     = ptap;
966   ptap->api   = api;
967   ptap->apj   = apj;
968   ptap->rmax  = ap_rmax;
969   ptap->duplicate = Cmpi->ops->duplicate;
970   ptap->destroy   = Cmpi->ops->destroy;
971 
972   /* Cmpi is not ready for use - assembly will be done by MatPtAPNumeric() */
973   Cmpi->assembled        = PETSC_FALSE;
974   Cmpi->ops->destroy     = MatDestroy_MPIAIJ_PtAP;
975   Cmpi->ops->duplicate   = MatDuplicate_MPIAIJ_MatPtAP;
976   Cmpi->ops->ptapnumeric = MatPtAPNumeric_MPIAIJ_MPIAIJ_ptap;
977   *C                     = Cmpi;
978 
979   /* flag 'scalable' determines which implementations to be used:
980        0: do dense axpy in MatPtAPNumeric() - fast, but requires storage of a nonscalable dense array apa;
981        1: do sparse axpy in MatPtAPNumeric() - might slow, uses a sparse array apa */
982   /* set default scalable */
983   ptap->scalable = PETSC_FALSE; /* PETSC_TRUE; */
984 
985   ierr = PetscOptionsGetBool(((PetscObject)Cmpi)->prefix,"-matptap_scalable",&ptap->scalable,NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
986   if (!ptap->scalable) {  /* Do dense axpy */
987     ierr = PetscCalloc1(pN,&ptap->apa);CHKERRQ(ierr);
988   } else {
989     ierr = PetscCalloc1(ap_rmax+1,&ptap->apa);CHKERRQ(ierr);
990   }
991 
992 #if defined(PETSC_USE_INFO)
993   if (pti[pn] != 0) {
994     ierr = PetscInfo3(Cmpi,"Reallocs %D; Fill ratio: given %g needed %g.\n",nspacedouble,(double)fill,(double)afill);CHKERRQ(ierr);
995     ierr = PetscInfo1(Cmpi,"Use MatPtAP(A,P,MatReuse,%g,&C) for best performance.\n",(double)afill);CHKERRQ(ierr);
996   } else {
997     ierr = PetscInfo(Cmpi,"Empty matrix product\n");CHKERRQ(ierr);
998   }
999 #endif
1000   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
1001 }
1002 
1003 #undef __FUNCT__
1004 #define __FUNCT__ "MatPtAPNumeric_MPIAIJ_MPIAIJ_ptap"
1005 PetscErrorCode MatPtAPNumeric_MPIAIJ_MPIAIJ_ptap(Mat A,Mat P,Mat C)
1006 {
1007   PetscErrorCode      ierr;
1008   Mat_MPIAIJ          *a =(Mat_MPIAIJ*)A->data,*p=(Mat_MPIAIJ*)P->data,*c=(Mat_MPIAIJ*)C->data;
1009   Mat_SeqAIJ          *ad=(Mat_SeqAIJ*)(a->A)->data,*ao=(Mat_SeqAIJ*)(a->B)->data;
1010   Mat_SeqAIJ          *pd=(Mat_SeqAIJ*)(p->A)->data,*po=(Mat_SeqAIJ*)(p->B)->data;
1011   Mat_SeqAIJ          *p_loc,*p_oth;
1012   Mat_PtAPMPI         *ptap;
1013   Mat_Merge_SeqsToMPI *merge;
1014   PetscInt            *adi=ad->i,*aoi=ao->i,*adj,*aoj,*apJ,nextp;
1015   PetscInt            *pi_loc,*pj_loc,*pi_oth,*pj_oth,*pJ,*pj;
1016   PetscInt            i,j,k,anz,pnz,apnz,nextap,row,*cj;
1017   MatScalar           *ada,*aoa,*apa,*pa,*ca,*pa_loc,*pa_oth,valtmp;
1018   PetscInt            am  =A->rmap->n,cm=C->rmap->n,pon=(p->B)->cmap->n;
1019   MPI_Comm            comm;
1020   PetscMPIInt         size,rank,taga,*len_s;
1021   PetscInt            *owners,proc,nrows,**buf_ri_k,**nextrow,**nextci;
1022   PetscInt            **buf_ri,**buf_rj;
1023   PetscInt            cnz=0,*bj_i,*bi,*bj,bnz,nextcj;  /* bi,bj,ba: local array of C(mpi mat) */
1024   MPI_Request         *s_waits,*r_waits;
1025   MPI_Status          *status;
1026   MatScalar           **abuf_r,*ba_i,*pA,*coa,*ba;
1027   PetscInt            *api,*apj,*coi,*coj;
1028   PetscInt            *poJ=po->j,*pdJ=pd->j,pcstart=P->cmap->rstart,pcend=P->cmap->rend;
1029   PetscBool           scalable;
1030 #if defined(PTAP_PROFILE)
1031   PetscLogDouble t0,t1,t2,eP,t3,t4,et2_AP=0.0,ePtAP=0.0,t2_0,t2_1,t2_2;
1032 #endif
1033 
1034   PetscFunctionBegin;
1035   ierr = PetscObjectGetComm((PetscObject)C,&comm);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1036 #if defined(PTAP_PROFILE)
1037   ierr = PetscTime(&t0);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1038 #endif
1039   ierr = MPI_Comm_size(comm,&size);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1040   ierr = MPI_Comm_rank(comm,&rank);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1041 
1042   ptap = c->ptap;
1043   if (!ptap) SETERRQ(PetscObjectComm((PetscObject)C),PETSC_ERR_ARG_INCOMP,"MatPtAP() has not been called to create matrix C yet, cannot use MAT_REUSE_MATRIX");
1044   merge    = ptap->merge;
1045   apa      = ptap->apa;
1046   scalable = ptap->scalable;
1047 
1048   /* 1) get P_oth = ptap->P_oth  and P_loc = ptap->P_loc */
1049   /*-----------------------------------------------------*/
1050   if (ptap->reuse == MAT_INITIAL_MATRIX) {
1051     /* P_oth and P_loc are obtained in MatPtASymbolic(), skip calling MatGetBrowsOfAoCols() and MatMPIAIJGetLocalMat() */
1052     ptap->reuse = MAT_REUSE_MATRIX;
1053   } else { /* update numerical values of P_oth and P_loc */
1054     ierr = MatGetBrowsOfAoCols_MPIAIJ(A,P,MAT_REUSE_MATRIX,&ptap->startsj_s,&ptap->startsj_r,&ptap->bufa,&ptap->P_oth);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1055     ierr = MatMPIAIJGetLocalMat(P,MAT_REUSE_MATRIX,&ptap->P_loc);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1056   }
1057 #if defined(PTAP_PROFILE)
1058   ierr = PetscTime(&t1);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1059   eP = t1-t0;
1060 #endif
1061   /*
1062   printf("[%d] Ad: %d, %d; Ao: %d, %d; P_loc: %d, %d; P_oth %d, %d;\n",rank,
1063          a->A->rmap->N,a->A->cmap->N,a->B->rmap->N,a->B->cmap->N,
1064          ptap->P_loc->rmap->N,ptap->P_loc->cmap->N,
1065          ptap->P_oth->rmap->N,ptap->P_oth->cmap->N);
1066    */
1067 
1068   /* 2) compute numeric C_seq = P_loc^T*A_loc*P - dominating part */
1069   /*--------------------------------------------------------------*/
1070   /* get data from symbolic products */
1071   p_loc = (Mat_SeqAIJ*)(ptap->P_loc)->data;
1072   p_oth = (Mat_SeqAIJ*)(ptap->P_oth)->data;
1073   pi_loc=p_loc->i; pj_loc=p_loc->j; pJ=pj_loc; pa_loc=p_loc->a;
1074   pi_oth=p_oth->i; pj_oth=p_oth->j; pa_oth=p_oth->a;
1075 
1076   coi  = merge->coi; coj = merge->coj;
1077   ierr = PetscCalloc1(coi[pon]+1,&coa);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1078 
1079   bi     = merge->bi; bj = merge->bj;
1080   owners = merge->rowmap->range;
1081   ierr   = PetscCalloc1(bi[cm]+1,&ba);CHKERRQ(ierr);  /* ba: Cseq->a */
1082 
1083   api = ptap->api; apj = ptap->apj;
1084 
1085   if (!scalable) { /* Do dense axpy on apa (length of pN, stores A[i,:]*P) - nonscalable, but faster (could take 1/3 scalable time) */
1086     ierr = PetscInfo(C,"Using non-scalable dense axpy\n");CHKERRQ(ierr);
1087 #if defined(PTAP_PROFILE)
1088     ierr = PetscTime(&t1);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1089 #endif
1090     for (i=0; i<am; i++) {
1091 #if defined(PTAP_PROFILE)
1092       ierr = PetscTime(&t2_0);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1093 #endif
1094       /* 2-a) form i-th sparse row of A_loc*P = Ad*P_loc + Ao*P_oth */
1095       /*------------------------------------------------------------*/
1096       apJ = apj + api[i];
1097 
1098       /* diagonal portion of A */
1099       anz = adi[i+1] - adi[i];
1100       adj = ad->j + adi[i];
1101       ada = ad->a + adi[i];
1102       for (j=0; j<anz; j++) {
1103         row = adj[j];
1104         pnz = pi_loc[row+1] - pi_loc[row];
1105         pj  = pj_loc + pi_loc[row];
1106         pa  = pa_loc + pi_loc[row];
1107 
1108         /* perform dense axpy */
1109         valtmp = ada[j];
1110         for (k=0; k<pnz; k++) {
1111           apa[pj[k]] += valtmp*pa[k];
1112         }
1113         ierr = PetscLogFlops(2.0*pnz);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1114       }
1115 
1116       /* off-diagonal portion of A */
1117       anz = aoi[i+1] - aoi[i];
1118       aoj = ao->j + aoi[i];
1119       aoa = ao->a + aoi[i];
1120       for (j=0; j<anz; j++) {
1121         row = aoj[j];
1122         pnz = pi_oth[row+1] - pi_oth[row];
1123         pj  = pj_oth + pi_oth[row];
1124         pa  = pa_oth + pi_oth[row];
1125 
1126         /* perform dense axpy */
1127         valtmp = aoa[j];
1128         for (k=0; k<pnz; k++) {
1129           apa[pj[k]] += valtmp*pa[k];
1130         }
1131         ierr = PetscLogFlops(2.0*pnz);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1132       }
1133 #if defined(PTAP_PROFILE)
1134       ierr    = PetscTime(&t2_1);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1135       et2_AP += t2_1 - t2_0;
1136 #endif
1137 
1138       /* 2-b) Compute Cseq = P_loc[i,:]^T*AP[i,:] using outer product */
1139       /*--------------------------------------------------------------*/
1140       apnz = api[i+1] - api[i];
1141       /* put the value into Co=(p->B)^T*AP (off-diagonal part, send to others) */
1142       pnz = po->i[i+1] - po->i[i];
1143       poJ = po->j + po->i[i];
1144       pA  = po->a + po->i[i];
1145       for (j=0; j<pnz; j++) {
1146         row = poJ[j];
1147         cnz = coi[row+1] - coi[row];
1148         cj  = coj + coi[row];
1149         ca  = coa + coi[row];
1150         /* perform dense axpy */
1151         valtmp = pA[j];
1152         for (k=0; k<cnz; k++) {
1153           ca[k] += valtmp*apa[cj[k]];
1154         }
1155         ierr = PetscLogFlops(2.0*cnz);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1156       }
1157       /* put the value into Cd (diagonal part) */
1158       pnz = pd->i[i+1] - pd->i[i];
1159       pdJ = pd->j + pd->i[i];
1160       pA  = pd->a + pd->i[i];
1161       for (j=0; j<pnz; j++) {
1162         row = pdJ[j];
1163         cnz = bi[row+1] - bi[row];
1164         cj  = bj + bi[row];
1165         ca  = ba + bi[row];
1166         /* perform dense axpy */
1167         valtmp = pA[j];
1168         for (k=0; k<cnz; k++) {
1169           ca[k] += valtmp*apa[cj[k]];
1170         }
1171         ierr = PetscLogFlops(2.0*cnz);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1172       }
1173 
1174       /* zero the current row of A*P */
1175       for (k=0; k<apnz; k++) apa[apJ[k]] = 0.0;
1176 #if defined(PTAP_PROFILE)
1177       ierr      = PetscTime(&t2_2);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1178       ePtAP += t2_2 - t2_1;
1179 #endif
1180     }
1181   } else { /* Do sparse axpy on apa (length of ap_rmax, stores A[i,:]*P) - scalable, but slower */
1182     ierr = PetscInfo(C,"Using scalable sparse axpy\n");CHKERRQ(ierr);
1183     /*-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
1184     pA=pa_loc;
1185     for (i=0; i<am; i++) {
1186 #if defined(PTAP_PROFILE)
1187       ierr = PetscTime(&t2_0);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1188 #endif
1189       /* form i-th sparse row of A*P */
1190       apnz = api[i+1] - api[i];
1191       apJ  = apj + api[i];
1192       /* diagonal portion of A */
1193       anz = adi[i+1] - adi[i];
1194       adj = ad->j + adi[i];
1195       ada = ad->a + adi[i];
1196       for (j=0; j<anz; j++) {
1197         row    = adj[j];
1198         pnz    = pi_loc[row+1] - pi_loc[row];
1199         pj     = pj_loc + pi_loc[row];
1200         pa     = pa_loc + pi_loc[row];
1201         valtmp = ada[j];
1202         nextp  = 0;
1203         for (k=0; nextp<pnz; k++) {
1204           if (apJ[k] == pj[nextp]) { /* col of AP == col of P */
1205             apa[k] += valtmp*pa[nextp++];
1206           }
1207         }
1208         ierr = PetscLogFlops(2.0*pnz);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1209       }
1210       /* off-diagonal portion of A */
1211       anz = aoi[i+1] - aoi[i];
1212       aoj = ao->j + aoi[i];
1213       aoa = ao->a + aoi[i];
1214       for (j=0; j<anz; j++) {
1215         row    = aoj[j];
1216         pnz    = pi_oth[row+1] - pi_oth[row];
1217         pj     = pj_oth + pi_oth[row];
1218         pa     = pa_oth + pi_oth[row];
1219         valtmp = aoa[j];
1220         nextp  = 0;
1221         for (k=0; nextp<pnz; k++) {
1222           if (apJ[k] == pj[nextp]) { /* col of AP == col of P */
1223             apa[k] += valtmp*pa[nextp++];
1224           }
1225         }
1226         ierr = PetscLogFlops(2.0*pnz);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1227       }
1228 #if defined(PTAP_PROFILE)
1229       ierr    = PetscTime(&t2_1);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1230       et2_AP += t2_1 - t2_0;
1231 #endif
1232 
1233       /* 2-b) Compute Cseq = P_loc[i,:]^T*AP[i,:] using outer product */
1234       /*--------------------------------------------------------------*/
1235       pnz = pi_loc[i+1] - pi_loc[i];
1236       pJ  = pj_loc + pi_loc[i];
1237       for (j=0; j<pnz; j++) {
1238         nextap = 0;
1239         row    = pJ[j]; /* global index */
1240         if (row < pcstart || row >=pcend) { /* put the value into Co */
1241           row = *poJ;
1242           cj  = coj + coi[row];
1243           ca  = coa + coi[row]; poJ++;
1244         } else {                            /* put the value into Cd */
1245           row = *pdJ;
1246           cj  = bj + bi[row];
1247           ca  = ba + bi[row]; pdJ++;
1248         }
1249         valtmp = pA[j];
1250         for (k=0; nextap<apnz; k++) {
1251           if (cj[k]==apJ[nextap]) ca[k] += valtmp*apa[nextap++];
1252         }
1253         ierr = PetscLogFlops(2.0*apnz);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1254       }
1255       pA += pnz;
1256       /* zero the current row info for A*P */
1257       ierr = PetscMemzero(apa,apnz*sizeof(MatScalar));CHKERRQ(ierr);
1258 #if defined(PTAP_PROFILE)
1259       ierr      = PetscTime(&t2_2);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1260       ePtAP += t2_2 - t2_1;
1261 #endif
1262     }
1263   }
1264 #if defined(PTAP_PROFILE)
1265   ierr = PetscTime(&t2);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1266 #endif
1267 
1268   /* 3) send and recv matrix values coa */
1269   /*------------------------------------*/
1270   buf_ri = merge->buf_ri;
1271   buf_rj = merge->buf_rj;
1272   len_s  = merge->len_s;
1273   ierr   = PetscCommGetNewTag(comm,&taga);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1274   ierr   = PetscPostIrecvScalar(comm,taga,merge->nrecv,merge->id_r,merge->len_r,&abuf_r,&r_waits);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1275 
1276   ierr = PetscMalloc2(merge->nsend+1,&s_waits,size,&status);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1277   for (proc=0,k=0; proc<size; proc++) {
1278     if (!len_s[proc]) continue;
1279     i    = merge->owners_co[proc];
1280     ierr = MPI_Isend(coa+coi[i],len_s[proc],MPIU_MATSCALAR,proc,taga,comm,s_waits+k);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1281     k++;
1282   }
1283   if (merge->nrecv) {ierr = MPI_Waitall(merge->nrecv,r_waits,status);CHKERRQ(ierr);}
1284   if (merge->nsend) {ierr = MPI_Waitall(merge->nsend,s_waits,status);CHKERRQ(ierr);}
1285 
1286   ierr = PetscFree2(s_waits,status);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1287   ierr = PetscFree(r_waits);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1288   ierr = PetscFree(coa);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1289 #if defined(PTAP_PROFILE)
1290   ierr = PetscTime(&t3);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1291 #endif
1292 
1293   /* 4) insert local Cseq and received values into Cmpi */
1294   /*------------------------------------------------------*/
1295   ierr = PetscMalloc3(merge->nrecv,&buf_ri_k,merge->nrecv,&nextrow,merge->nrecv,&nextci);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1296   for (k=0; k<merge->nrecv; k++) {
1297     buf_ri_k[k] = buf_ri[k]; /* beginning of k-th recved i-structure */
1298     nrows       = *(buf_ri_k[k]);
1299     nextrow[k]  = buf_ri_k[k]+1;  /* next row number of k-th recved i-structure */
1300     nextci[k]   = buf_ri_k[k] + (nrows + 1); /* poins to the next i-structure of k-th recved i-structure  */
1301   }
1302 
1303   for (i=0; i<cm; i++) {
1304     row  = owners[rank] + i; /* global row index of C_seq */
1305     bj_i = bj + bi[i];  /* col indices of the i-th row of C */
1306     ba_i = ba + bi[i];
1307     bnz  = bi[i+1] - bi[i];
1308     /* add received vals into ba */
1309     for (k=0; k<merge->nrecv; k++) { /* k-th received message */
1310       /* i-th row */
1311       if (i == *nextrow[k]) {
1312         cnz    = *(nextci[k]+1) - *nextci[k];
1313         cj     = buf_rj[k] + *(nextci[k]);
1314         ca     = abuf_r[k] + *(nextci[k]);
1315         nextcj = 0;
1316         for (j=0; nextcj<cnz; j++) {
1317           if (bj_i[j] == cj[nextcj]) { /* bcol == ccol */
1318             ba_i[j] += ca[nextcj++];
1319           }
1320         }
1321         nextrow[k]++; nextci[k]++;
1322         ierr = PetscLogFlops(2.0*cnz);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1323       }
1324     }
1325     ierr = MatSetValues(C,1,&row,bnz,bj_i,ba_i,INSERT_VALUES);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1326   }
1327   ierr = MatAssemblyBegin(C,MAT_FINAL_ASSEMBLY);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1328   ierr = MatAssemblyEnd(C,MAT_FINAL_ASSEMBLY);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1329 
1330   ierr = PetscFree(ba);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1331   ierr = PetscFree(abuf_r[0]);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1332   ierr = PetscFree(abuf_r);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1333   ierr = PetscFree3(buf_ri_k,nextrow,nextci);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1334 #if defined(PTAP_PROFILE)
1335   ierr = PetscTime(&t4);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1336   if (rank==1) {
1337     ierr = PetscPrintf(MPI_COMM_SELF,"  [%d] PtAPNum %g/P + %g/PtAP( %g/A*P + %g/Pt*AP ) + %g/comm + %g/Cloc = %g\n\n",rank,eP,t2-t1,et2_AP,ePtAP,t3-t2,t4-t3,t4-t0);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1338   }
1339 #endif
1340   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
1341 }
1342