xref: /petsc/src/tao/complementarity/tutorials/minsurf1.c (revision 4e278199b78715991f5c71ebbd945c1489263e6c)
1 #include <petsctao.h>
2 
3 static char  help[] =
4 "This example demonstrates use of the TAO package to\n\
5 solve an unconstrained system of equations.  This example is based on a\n\
6 problem from the MINPACK-2 test suite.  Given a rectangular 2-D domain and\n\
7 boundary values along the edges of the domain, the objective is to find the\n\
8 surface with the minimal area that satisfies the boundary conditions.\n\
9 This application solves this problem using complimentarity -- We are actually\n\
10 solving the system  (grad f)_i >= 0, if x_i == l_i \n\
11                     (grad f)_i = 0, if l_i < x_i < u_i \n\
12                     (grad f)_i <= 0, if x_i == u_i  \n\
13 where f is the function to be minimized. \n\
14 \n\
15 The command line options are:\n\
16   -mx <xg>, where <xg> = number of grid points in the 1st coordinate direction\n\
17   -my <yg>, where <yg> = number of grid points in the 2nd coordinate direction\n\
18   -start <st>, where <st> =0 for zero vector, and an average of the boundary conditions otherwise \n\n";
19 
20 /*T
21    Concepts: TAO^Solving a complementarity problem
22    Routines: TaoCreate(); TaoDestroy();
23 
24    Processors: 1
25 T*/
26 
27 /*
28    User-defined application context - contains data needed by the
29    application-provided call-back routines, FormFunctionGradient(),
30    FormHessian().
31 */
32 typedef struct {
33   PetscInt  mx, my;
34   PetscReal *bottom, *top, *left, *right;
35 } AppCtx;
36 
37 /* -------- User-defined Routines --------- */
38 
39 static PetscErrorCode MSA_BoundaryConditions(AppCtx *);
40 static PetscErrorCode MSA_InitialPoint(AppCtx *, Vec);
41 PetscErrorCode FormConstraints(Tao, Vec, Vec, void *);
42 PetscErrorCode FormJacobian(Tao, Vec, Mat, Mat, void *);
43 
44 int main(int argc, char **argv)
45 {
46   PetscErrorCode ierr;              /* used to check for functions returning nonzeros */
47   Vec            x;                 /* solution vector */
48   Vec            c;                 /* Constraints function vector */
49   Vec            xl,xu;             /* Bounds on the variables */
50   PetscBool      flg;               /* A return variable when checking for user options */
51   Tao            tao;               /* TAO solver context */
52   Mat            J;                 /* Jacobian matrix */
53   PetscInt       N;                 /* Number of elements in vector */
54   PetscScalar    lb =  PETSC_NINFINITY;      /* lower bound constant */
55   PetscScalar    ub =  PETSC_INFINITY;      /* upper bound constant */
56   AppCtx         user;                    /* user-defined work context */
57 
58   /* Initialize PETSc, TAO */
59   ierr = PetscInitialize(&argc, &argv, (char *)0, help);if (ierr) return ierr;
60 
61   /* Specify default dimension of the problem */
62   user.mx = 4; user.my = 4;
63 
64   /* Check for any command line arguments that override defaults */
65   ierr = PetscOptionsGetInt(NULL,NULL, "-mx", &user.mx, &flg);CHKERRQ(ierr);
66   ierr = PetscOptionsGetInt(NULL,NULL, "-my", &user.my, &flg);CHKERRQ(ierr);
67 
68   /* Calculate any derived values from parameters */
69   N = user.mx*user.my;
70 
71   ierr = PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF,"\n---- Minimum Surface Area Problem -----\n");CHKERRQ(ierr);
72   ierr = PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF,"mx:%D, my:%D\n", user.mx,user.my);CHKERRQ(ierr);
73 
74   /* Create appropriate vectors and matrices */
75   ierr = VecCreateSeq(MPI_COMM_SELF, N, &x);CHKERRQ(ierr);
76   ierr = VecDuplicate(x, &c);CHKERRQ(ierr);
77   ierr = MatCreateSeqAIJ(MPI_COMM_SELF, N, N, 7, NULL, &J);CHKERRQ(ierr);
78 
79   /* The TAO code begins here */
80 
81   /* Create TAO solver and set desired solution method */
82   ierr = TaoCreate(PETSC_COMM_SELF,&tao);CHKERRQ(ierr);
83   ierr = TaoSetType(tao,TAOSSILS);CHKERRQ(ierr);
84 
85   /* Set data structure */
86   ierr = TaoSetInitialVector(tao, x);CHKERRQ(ierr);
87 
88   /*  Set routines for constraints function and Jacobian evaluation */
89   ierr = TaoSetConstraintsRoutine(tao, c, FormConstraints, (void *)&user);CHKERRQ(ierr);
90   ierr = TaoSetJacobianRoutine(tao, J, J, FormJacobian, (void *)&user);CHKERRQ(ierr);
91 
92   /* Set the variable bounds */
93   ierr = MSA_BoundaryConditions(&user);CHKERRQ(ierr);
94 
95   /* Set initial solution guess */
96   ierr = MSA_InitialPoint(&user, x);CHKERRQ(ierr);
97 
98   /* Set Bounds on variables */
99   ierr = VecDuplicate(x, &xl);CHKERRQ(ierr);
100   ierr = VecDuplicate(x, &xu);CHKERRQ(ierr);
101   ierr = VecSet(xl, lb);CHKERRQ(ierr);
102   ierr = VecSet(xu, ub);CHKERRQ(ierr);
103   ierr = TaoSetVariableBounds(tao,xl,xu);CHKERRQ(ierr);
104 
105   /* Check for any tao command line options */
106   ierr = TaoSetFromOptions(tao);CHKERRQ(ierr);
107 
108   /* Solve the application */
109   ierr = TaoSolve(tao);CHKERRQ(ierr);
110 
111   /* Free Tao data structures */
112   ierr = TaoDestroy(&tao);CHKERRQ(ierr);
113 
114   /* Free PETSc data structures */
115   ierr = VecDestroy(&x);CHKERRQ(ierr);
116   ierr = VecDestroy(&xl);CHKERRQ(ierr);
117   ierr = VecDestroy(&xu);CHKERRQ(ierr);
118   ierr = VecDestroy(&c);CHKERRQ(ierr);
119   ierr = MatDestroy(&J);CHKERRQ(ierr);
120 
121   /* Free user-created data structures */
122   ierr = PetscFree(user.bottom);CHKERRQ(ierr);
123   ierr = PetscFree(user.top);CHKERRQ(ierr);
124   ierr = PetscFree(user.left);CHKERRQ(ierr);
125   ierr = PetscFree(user.right);CHKERRQ(ierr);
126 
127   ierr = PetscFinalize();
128   return ierr;
129 }
130 
131 /* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
132 
133 /*  FormConstraints - Evaluates gradient of f.
134 
135     Input Parameters:
136 .   tao  - the TAO_APPLICATION context
137 .   X    - input vector
138 .   ptr  - optional user-defined context, as set by TaoSetConstraintsRoutine()
139 
140     Output Parameters:
141 .   G - vector containing the newly evaluated gradient
142 */
143 PetscErrorCode FormConstraints(Tao tao, Vec X, Vec G, void *ptr)
144 {
145   AppCtx         *user = (AppCtx *) ptr;
146   PetscErrorCode ierr;
147   PetscInt       i,j,row;
148   PetscInt       mx=user->mx, my=user->my;
149   PetscReal      hx=1.0/(mx+1),hy=1.0/(my+1), hydhx=hy/hx, hxdhy=hx/hy;
150   PetscReal      f1,f2,f3,f4,f5,f6,d1,d2,d3,d4,d5,d6,d7,d8,xc,xl,xr,xt,xb,xlt,xrb;
151   PetscReal      df1dxc,df2dxc,df3dxc,df4dxc,df5dxc,df6dxc;
152   PetscScalar    zero=0.0;
153   PetscScalar    *g, *x;
154 
155   PetscFunctionBegin;
156   /* Initialize vector to zero */
157   ierr = VecSet(G, zero);CHKERRQ(ierr);
158 
159   /* Get pointers to vector data */
160   ierr = VecGetArray(X, &x);CHKERRQ(ierr);
161   ierr = VecGetArray(G, &g);CHKERRQ(ierr);
162 
163   /* Compute function over the locally owned part of the mesh */
164   for (j=0; j<my; j++){
165     for (i=0; i< mx; i++){
166       row= j*mx + i;
167 
168       xc = x[row];
169       xlt=xrb=xl=xr=xb=xt=xc;
170 
171       if (i==0){ /* left side */
172         xl= user->left[j+1];
173         xlt = user->left[j+2];
174       } else {
175         xl = x[row-1];
176       }
177 
178       if (j==0){ /* bottom side */
179         xb=user->bottom[i+1];
180         xrb = user->bottom[i+2];
181       } else {
182         xb = x[row-mx];
183       }
184 
185       if (i+1 == mx){ /* right side */
186         xr=user->right[j+1];
187         xrb = user->right[j];
188       } else {
189         xr = x[row+1];
190       }
191 
192       if (j+1==0+my){ /* top side */
193         xt=user->top[i+1];
194         xlt = user->top[i];
195       }else {
196         xt = x[row+mx];
197       }
198 
199       if (i>0 && j+1<my){
200         xlt = x[row-1+mx];
201       }
202       if (j>0 && i+1<mx){
203         xrb = x[row+1-mx];
204       }
205 
206       d1 = (xc-xl);
207       d2 = (xc-xr);
208       d3 = (xc-xt);
209       d4 = (xc-xb);
210       d5 = (xr-xrb);
211       d6 = (xrb-xb);
212       d7 = (xlt-xl);
213       d8 = (xt-xlt);
214 
215       df1dxc = d1*hydhx;
216       df2dxc = (d1*hydhx + d4*hxdhy);
217       df3dxc = d3*hxdhy;
218       df4dxc = (d2*hydhx + d3*hxdhy);
219       df5dxc = d2*hydhx;
220       df6dxc = d4*hxdhy;
221 
222       d1 /= hx;
223       d2 /= hx;
224       d3 /= hy;
225       d4 /= hy;
226       d5 /= hy;
227       d6 /= hx;
228       d7 /= hy;
229       d8 /= hx;
230 
231       f1 = PetscSqrtScalar(1.0 + d1*d1 + d7*d7);
232       f2 = PetscSqrtScalar(1.0 + d1*d1 + d4*d4);
233       f3 = PetscSqrtScalar(1.0 + d3*d3 + d8*d8);
234       f4 = PetscSqrtScalar(1.0 + d3*d3 + d2*d2);
235       f5 = PetscSqrtScalar(1.0 + d2*d2 + d5*d5);
236       f6 = PetscSqrtScalar(1.0 + d4*d4 + d6*d6);
237 
238       df1dxc /= f1;
239       df2dxc /= f2;
240       df3dxc /= f3;
241       df4dxc /= f4;
242       df5dxc /= f5;
243       df6dxc /= f6;
244 
245       g[row] = (df1dxc+df2dxc+df3dxc+df4dxc+df5dxc+df6dxc)/2.0;
246     }
247   }
248 
249   /* Restore vectors */
250   ierr = VecRestoreArray(X, &x);CHKERRQ(ierr);
251   ierr = VecRestoreArray(G, &g);CHKERRQ(ierr);
252   ierr = PetscLogFlops(67*mx*my);CHKERRQ(ierr);
253   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
254 }
255 
256 /* ------------------------------------------------------------------- */
257 /*
258    FormJacobian - Evaluates Jacobian matrix.
259 
260    Input Parameters:
261 .  tao  - the TAO_APPLICATION context
262 .  X    - input vector
263 .  ptr  - optional user-defined context, as set by TaoSetJacobian()
264 
265    Output Parameters:
266 .  tH    - Jacobian matrix
267 
268 */
269 PetscErrorCode FormJacobian(Tao tao, Vec X, Mat H, Mat tHPre, void *ptr)
270 {
271   AppCtx            *user = (AppCtx *) ptr;
272   PetscErrorCode    ierr;
273   PetscInt          i,j,k,row;
274   PetscInt          mx=user->mx, my=user->my;
275   PetscInt          col[7];
276   PetscReal         hx=1.0/(mx+1), hy=1.0/(my+1), hydhx=hy/hx, hxdhy=hx/hy;
277   PetscReal         f1,f2,f3,f4,f5,f6,d1,d2,d3,d4,d5,d6,d7,d8,xc,xl,xr,xt,xb,xlt,xrb;
278   PetscReal         hl,hr,ht,hb,hc,htl,hbr;
279   const PetscScalar *x;
280   PetscScalar       v[7];
281   PetscBool         assembled;
282 
283   /* Set various matrix options */
284   ierr = MatSetOption(H,MAT_IGNORE_OFF_PROC_ENTRIES,PETSC_TRUE);CHKERRQ(ierr);
285   ierr = MatAssembled(H,&assembled);CHKERRQ(ierr);
286   if (assembled){ierr = MatZeroEntries(H);CHKERRQ(ierr);}
287 
288   /* Get pointers to vector data */
289   ierr = VecGetArrayRead(X, &x);CHKERRQ(ierr);
290 
291   /* Compute Jacobian over the locally owned part of the mesh */
292   for (i=0; i< mx; i++){
293     for (j=0; j<my; j++){
294       row= j*mx + i;
295 
296       xc = x[row];
297       xlt=xrb=xl=xr=xb=xt=xc;
298 
299       /* Left side */
300       if (i==0){
301         xl  = user->left[j+1];
302         xlt = user->left[j+2];
303       } else {
304         xl = x[row-1];
305       }
306 
307       if (j==0){
308         xb  = user->bottom[i+1];
309         xrb = user->bottom[i+2];
310       } else {
311         xb = x[row-mx];
312       }
313 
314       if (i+1 == mx){
315         xr  = user->right[j+1];
316         xrb = user->right[j];
317       } else {
318         xr = x[row+1];
319       }
320 
321       if (j+1==my){
322         xt  = user->top[i+1];
323         xlt = user->top[i];
324       }else {
325         xt = x[row+mx];
326       }
327 
328       if (i>0 && j+1<my){
329         xlt = x[row-1+mx];
330       }
331       if (j>0 && i+1<mx){
332         xrb = x[row+1-mx];
333       }
334 
335       d1 = (xc-xl)/hx;
336       d2 = (xc-xr)/hx;
337       d3 = (xc-xt)/hy;
338       d4 = (xc-xb)/hy;
339       d5 = (xrb-xr)/hy;
340       d6 = (xrb-xb)/hx;
341       d7 = (xlt-xl)/hy;
342       d8 = (xlt-xt)/hx;
343 
344       f1 = PetscSqrtScalar(1.0 + d1*d1 + d7*d7);
345       f2 = PetscSqrtScalar(1.0 + d1*d1 + d4*d4);
346       f3 = PetscSqrtScalar(1.0 + d3*d3 + d8*d8);
347       f4 = PetscSqrtScalar(1.0 + d3*d3 + d2*d2);
348       f5 = PetscSqrtScalar(1.0 + d2*d2 + d5*d5);
349       f6 = PetscSqrtScalar(1.0 + d4*d4 + d6*d6);
350 
351       hl = (-hydhx*(1.0+d7*d7)+d1*d7)/(f1*f1*f1)+(-hydhx*(1.0+d4*d4)+d1*d4)/(f2*f2*f2);
352       hr = (-hydhx*(1.0+d5*d5)+d2*d5)/(f5*f5*f5)+(-hydhx*(1.0+d3*d3)+d2*d3)/(f4*f4*f4);
353       ht = (-hxdhy*(1.0+d8*d8)+d3*d8)/(f3*f3*f3)+(-hxdhy*(1.0+d2*d2)+d2*d3)/(f4*f4*f4);
354       hb = (-hxdhy*(1.0+d6*d6)+d4*d6)/(f6*f6*f6)+(-hxdhy*(1.0+d1*d1)+d1*d4)/(f2*f2*f2);
355 
356       hbr = -d2*d5/(f5*f5*f5) - d4*d6/(f6*f6*f6);
357       htl = -d1*d7/(f1*f1*f1) - d3*d8/(f3*f3*f3);
358 
359       hc = hydhx*(1.0+d7*d7)/(f1*f1*f1) + hxdhy*(1.0+d8*d8)/(f3*f3*f3) + hydhx*(1.0+d5*d5)/(f5*f5*f5) + hxdhy*(1.0+d6*d6)/(f6*f6*f6) +
360            (hxdhy*(1.0+d1*d1)+hydhx*(1.0+d4*d4)-2*d1*d4)/(f2*f2*f2) + (hxdhy*(1.0+d2*d2)+hydhx*(1.0+d3*d3)-2*d2*d3)/(f4*f4*f4);
361 
362       hl/=2.0; hr/=2.0; ht/=2.0; hb/=2.0; hbr/=2.0; htl/=2.0;  hc/=2.0;
363 
364       k=0;
365       if (j>0){
366         v[k]=hb; col[k]=row - mx; k++;
367       }
368 
369       if (j>0 && i < mx -1){
370         v[k]=hbr; col[k]=row - mx+1; k++;
371       }
372 
373       if (i>0){
374         v[k]= hl; col[k]=row - 1; k++;
375       }
376 
377       v[k]= hc; col[k]=row; k++;
378 
379       if (i < mx-1){
380         v[k]= hr; col[k]=row+1; k++;
381       }
382 
383       if (i>0 && j < my-1){
384         v[k]= htl; col[k] = row+mx-1; k++;
385       }
386 
387       if (j < my-1){
388         v[k]= ht; col[k] = row+mx; k++;
389       }
390 
391       /*
392          Set matrix values using local numbering, which was defined
393          earlier, in the main routine.
394       */
395       ierr = MatSetValues(H,1,&row,k,col,v,INSERT_VALUES);CHKERRQ(ierr);
396     }
397   }
398 
399   /* Restore vectors */
400   ierr = VecRestoreArrayRead(X,&x);CHKERRQ(ierr);
401 
402   /* Assemble the matrix */
403   ierr = MatAssemblyBegin(H,MAT_FINAL_ASSEMBLY);CHKERRQ(ierr);
404   ierr = MatAssemblyEnd(H,MAT_FINAL_ASSEMBLY);CHKERRQ(ierr);
405   ierr = PetscLogFlops(199*mx*my);CHKERRQ(ierr);
406   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
407 }
408 
409 /* ------------------------------------------------------------------- */
410 /*
411    MSA_BoundaryConditions -  Calculates the boundary conditions for
412    the region.
413 
414    Input Parameter:
415 .  user - user-defined application context
416 
417    Output Parameter:
418 .  user - user-defined application context
419 */
420 static PetscErrorCode MSA_BoundaryConditions(AppCtx * user)
421 {
422   PetscErrorCode  ierr;
423   PetscInt        i,j,k,limit=0,maxits=5;
424   PetscInt        mx=user->mx,my=user->my;
425   PetscInt        bsize=0, lsize=0, tsize=0, rsize=0;
426   PetscReal       one=1.0, two=2.0, three=3.0, tol=1e-10;
427   PetscReal       fnorm,det,hx,hy,xt=0,yt=0;
428   PetscReal       u1,u2,nf1,nf2,njac11,njac12,njac21,njac22;
429   PetscReal       b=-0.5, t=0.5, l=-0.5, r=0.5;
430   PetscReal       *boundary;
431 
432   PetscFunctionBegin;
433   bsize=mx+2; lsize=my+2; rsize=my+2; tsize=mx+2;
434 
435   ierr = PetscMalloc1(bsize, &user->bottom);CHKERRQ(ierr);
436   ierr = PetscMalloc1(tsize, &user->top);CHKERRQ(ierr);
437   ierr = PetscMalloc1(lsize, &user->left);CHKERRQ(ierr);
438   ierr = PetscMalloc1(rsize, &user->right);CHKERRQ(ierr);
439 
440   hx= (r-l)/(mx+1); hy=(t-b)/(my+1);
441 
442   for (j=0; j<4; j++){
443     if (j==0){
444       yt=b;
445       xt=l;
446       limit=bsize;
447       boundary=user->bottom;
448     } else if (j==1){
449       yt=t;
450       xt=l;
451       limit=tsize;
452       boundary=user->top;
453     } else if (j==2){
454       yt=b;
455       xt=l;
456       limit=lsize;
457       boundary=user->left;
458     } else { /* if  (j==3) */
459       yt=b;
460       xt=r;
461       limit=rsize;
462       boundary=user->right;
463     }
464 
465     for (i=0; i<limit; i++){
466       u1=xt;
467       u2=-yt;
468       for (k=0; k<maxits; k++){
469         nf1=u1 + u1*u2*u2 - u1*u1*u1/three-xt;
470         nf2=-u2 - u1*u1*u2 + u2*u2*u2/three-yt;
471         fnorm=PetscSqrtScalar(nf1*nf1+nf2*nf2);
472         if (fnorm <= tol) break;
473         njac11=one+u2*u2-u1*u1;
474         njac12=two*u1*u2;
475         njac21=-two*u1*u2;
476         njac22=-one - u1*u1 + u2*u2;
477         det = njac11*njac22-njac21*njac12;
478         u1 = u1-(njac22*nf1-njac12*nf2)/det;
479         u2 = u2-(njac11*nf2-njac21*nf1)/det;
480       }
481 
482       boundary[i]=u1*u1-u2*u2;
483       if (j==0 || j==1) {
484         xt=xt+hx;
485       } else { /* if (j==2 || j==3) */
486         yt=yt+hy;
487       }
488     }
489   }
490   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
491 }
492 
493 /* ------------------------------------------------------------------- */
494 /*
495    MSA_InitialPoint - Calculates the initial guess in one of three ways.
496 
497    Input Parameters:
498 .  user - user-defined application context
499 .  X - vector for initial guess
500 
501    Output Parameters:
502 .  X - newly computed initial guess
503 */
504 static PetscErrorCode MSA_InitialPoint(AppCtx * user, Vec X)
505 {
506   PetscErrorCode ierr;
507   PetscInt       start=-1,i,j;
508   PetscScalar    zero=0.0;
509   PetscBool      flg;
510 
511   PetscFunctionBegin;
512   ierr = PetscOptionsGetInt(NULL,NULL,"-start",&start,&flg);CHKERRQ(ierr);
513 
514   if (flg && start==0){ /* The zero vector is reasonable */
515     ierr = VecSet(X, zero);CHKERRQ(ierr);
516   } else { /* Take an average of the boundary conditions */
517     PetscInt    row;
518     PetscInt    mx=user->mx,my=user->my;
519     PetscScalar *x;
520 
521     /* Get pointers to vector data */
522     ierr = VecGetArray(X,&x);CHKERRQ(ierr);
523 
524     /* Perform local computations */
525     for (j=0; j<my; j++){
526       for (i=0; i< mx; i++){
527         row=(j)*mx + (i);
528         x[row] = (((j+1)*user->bottom[i+1]+(my-j+1)*user->top[i+1])/(my+2)+ ((i+1)*user->left[j+1]+(mx-i+1)*user->right[j+1])/(mx+2))/2.0;
529       }
530     }
531 
532     /* Restore vectors */
533     ierr = VecRestoreArray(X,&x);CHKERRQ(ierr);
534   }
535   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
536 }
537 
538 /*TEST
539 
540    build:
541       requires: !complex
542 
543    test:
544       args: -tao_monitor -tao_view -tao_type ssils -tao_gttol 1.e-5
545       requires: !single
546 
547    test:
548       suffix: 2
549       args: -tao_monitor -tao_view -tao_type ssfls -tao_gttol 1.e-5
550 
551 TEST*/
552