xref: /petsc/src/tao/leastsquares/tutorials/cs1.c (revision daa037dfd3c3bec8dc8659548d2b20b07c1dc6de)
1 /* XH: todo add cs1f.F90 and asjust makefile */
2 /*
3    Include "petsctao.h" so that we can use TAO solvers.  Note that this
4    file automatically includes libraries such as:
5      petsc.h       - base PETSc routines   petscvec.h - vectors
6      petscsys.h    - system routines        petscmat.h - matrices
7      petscis.h     - index sets            petscksp.h - Krylov subspace methods
8      petscviewer.h - viewers               petscpc.h  - preconditioners
9 
10 */
11 
12 #include <petsctao.h>
13 
14 /*
15 Description:   Compressive sensing test example 1.
16                0.5*||Ax-b||^2 + lambda*||D*x||_1
17                Xiang Huang: Nov 19, 2018
18 
19 Reference:     None
20 */
21 
22 static char help[] = "Finds the least-squares solution to the under constraint linear model Ax = b, with L1-norm regularizer. \n\
23             A is a M*N real matrix (M<N), x is sparse. \n\
24             We find the sparse solution by solving 0.5*||Ax-b||^2 + lambda*||D*x||_1, where lambda (by default 1e-4) is a user specified weight.\n\
25             D is the K*N transform matrix so that D*x is sparse. By default D is identity matrix, so that D*x = x.\n";
26 
27 #define M 3
28 #define N 5
29 #define K 4
30 
31 /* User-defined application context */
32 typedef struct {
33   /* Working space. linear least square:  f(x) = A*x - b */
34   PetscReal A[M][N];    /* array of coefficients */
35   PetscReal b[M];       /* array of observations */
36   PetscReal xGT[M];     /* array of ground truth object, which can be used to compare the reconstruction result */
37   PetscReal D[K][N];    /* array of coefficients for 0.5*||Ax-b||^2 + lambda*||D*x||_1 */
38   PetscReal J[M][N];    /* dense jacobian matrix array. For linear least square, J = A. For nonlinear least square, it is different from A */
39   PetscInt  idm[M];     /* Matrix row, column indices for jacobian and dictionary */
40   PetscInt  idn[N];
41   PetscInt  idk[K];
42 } AppCtx;
43 
44 /* User provided Routines */
45 PetscErrorCode InitializeUserData(AppCtx *);
46 PetscErrorCode FormStartingPoint(Vec);
47 PetscErrorCode FormDictionaryMatrix(Mat,AppCtx *);
48 PetscErrorCode EvaluateFunction(Tao,Vec,Vec,void *);
49 PetscErrorCode EvaluateJacobian(Tao,Vec,Mat,Mat,void *);
50 
51 /*--------------------------------------------------------------------*/
52 int main(int argc,char **argv)
53 {
54   Vec            x,f;               /* solution, function f(x) = A*x-b */
55   Mat            J,D;               /* Jacobian matrix, Transform matrix */
56   Tao            tao;                /* Tao solver context */
57   PetscInt       i;                  /* iteration information */
58   PetscReal      hist[100],resid[100];
59   PetscInt       lits[100];
60   AppCtx         user;               /* user-defined work context */
61 
62   PetscCall(PetscInitialize(&argc,&argv,(char *)0,help));
63 
64   /* Allocate solution and vector function vectors */
65   PetscCall(VecCreateSeq(PETSC_COMM_SELF,N,&x));
66   PetscCall(VecCreateSeq(PETSC_COMM_SELF,M,&f));
67 
68   /* Allocate Jacobian and Dictionary matrix. */
69   PetscCall(MatCreateSeqDense(PETSC_COMM_SELF,M,N,NULL,&J));
70   PetscCall(MatCreateSeqDense(PETSC_COMM_SELF,K,N,NULL,&D)); /* XH: TODO: dense -> sparse/dense/shell etc, do it on fly  */
71 
72   for (i=0;i<M;i++) user.idm[i] = i;
73   for (i=0;i<N;i++) user.idn[i] = i;
74   for (i=0;i<K;i++) user.idk[i] = i;
75 
76   /* Create TAO solver and set desired solution method */
77   PetscCall(TaoCreate(PETSC_COMM_SELF,&tao));
78   PetscCall(TaoSetType(tao,TAOBRGN));
79 
80   /* User set application context: A, D matrice, and b vector. */
81   PetscCall(InitializeUserData(&user));
82 
83   /* Set initial guess */
84   PetscCall(FormStartingPoint(x));
85 
86   /* Fill the content of matrix D from user application Context */
87   PetscCall(FormDictionaryMatrix(D,&user));
88 
89   /* Bind x to tao->solution. */
90   PetscCall(TaoSetSolution(tao,x));
91   /* Bind D to tao->data->D */
92   PetscCall(TaoBRGNSetDictionaryMatrix(tao,D));
93 
94   /* Set the function and Jacobian routines. */
95   PetscCall(TaoSetResidualRoutine(tao,f,EvaluateFunction,(void*)&user));
96   PetscCall(TaoSetJacobianResidualRoutine(tao,J,J,EvaluateJacobian,(void*)&user));
97 
98   /* Check for any TAO command line arguments */
99   PetscCall(TaoSetFromOptions(tao));
100 
101   PetscCall(TaoSetConvergenceHistory(tao,hist,resid,0,lits,100,PETSC_TRUE));
102 
103   /* Perform the Solve */
104   PetscCall(TaoSolve(tao));
105 
106   /* XH: Debug: View the result, function and Jacobian.  */
107   PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_SELF, "-------- result x, residual f=A*x-b, and Jacobian=A. -------- \n"));
108   PetscCall(VecView(x,PETSC_VIEWER_STDOUT_SELF));
109   PetscCall(VecView(f,PETSC_VIEWER_STDOUT_SELF));
110   PetscCall(MatView(J,PETSC_VIEWER_STDOUT_SELF));
111   PetscCall(MatView(D,PETSC_VIEWER_STDOUT_SELF));
112 
113   /* Free TAO data structures */
114   PetscCall(TaoDestroy(&tao));
115 
116    /* Free PETSc data structures */
117   PetscCall(VecDestroy(&x));
118   PetscCall(VecDestroy(&f));
119   PetscCall(MatDestroy(&J));
120   PetscCall(MatDestroy(&D));
121 
122   PetscCall(PetscFinalize());
123   return 0;
124 }
125 
126 /*--------------------------------------------------------------------*/
127 PetscErrorCode EvaluateFunction(Tao tao, Vec X, Vec F, void *ptr)
128 {
129   AppCtx         *user = (AppCtx *)ptr;
130   PetscInt       m,n;
131   const PetscReal *x;
132   PetscReal      *b=user->b,*f;
133 
134   PetscFunctionBegin;
135   PetscCall(VecGetArrayRead(X,&x));
136   PetscCall(VecGetArray(F,&f));
137 
138   /* Even for linear least square, we do not direct use matrix operation f = A*x - b now, just for future modification and compatibility for nonlinear least square */
139   for (m=0;m<M;m++) {
140     f[m] = -b[m];
141     for (n=0;n<N;n++) {
142       f[m] += user->A[m][n]*x[n];
143     }
144   }
145   PetscCall(VecRestoreArrayRead(X,&x));
146   PetscCall(VecRestoreArray(F,&f));
147   PetscLogFlops(2.0*M*N);
148   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
149 }
150 
151 /*------------------------------------------------------------*/
152 /* J[m][n] = df[m]/dx[n] */
153 PetscErrorCode EvaluateJacobian(Tao tao, Vec X, Mat J, Mat Jpre, void *ptr)
154 {
155   AppCtx         *user = (AppCtx *)ptr;
156   PetscInt       m,n;
157   const PetscReal *x;
158 
159   PetscFunctionBegin;
160   PetscCall(VecGetArrayRead(X,&x)); /* not used for linear least square, but keep for future nonlinear least square) */
161   /* XH: TODO:  For linear least square, we can just set J=A fixed once, instead of keep update it! Maybe just create a function getFixedJacobian?
162     For nonlinear least square, we require x to compute J, keep codes here for future nonlinear least square*/
163   for (m=0; m<M; ++m) {
164     for (n=0; n<N; ++n) {
165       user->J[m][n] = user->A[m][n];
166     }
167   }
168 
169   PetscCall(MatSetValues(J,M,user->idm,N,user->idn,(PetscReal *)user->J,INSERT_VALUES));
170   PetscCall(MatAssemblyBegin(J,MAT_FINAL_ASSEMBLY));
171   PetscCall(MatAssemblyEnd(J,MAT_FINAL_ASSEMBLY));
172 
173   PetscCall(VecRestoreArrayRead(X,&x));/* not used for linear least square, but keep for future nonlinear least square) */
174   PetscLogFlops(0);  /* 0 for linear least square, >0 for nonlinear least square */
175   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
176 }
177 
178 /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
179 /* Currently fixed matrix, in future may be dynamic for D(x)? */
180 PetscErrorCode FormDictionaryMatrix(Mat D,AppCtx *user)
181 {
182   PetscFunctionBegin;
183   PetscCall(MatSetValues(D,K,user->idk,N,user->idn,(PetscReal *)user->D,INSERT_VALUES));
184   PetscCall(MatAssemblyBegin(D,MAT_FINAL_ASSEMBLY));
185   PetscCall(MatAssemblyEnd(D,MAT_FINAL_ASSEMBLY));
186 
187   PetscLogFlops(0); /* 0 for fixed dictionary matrix, >0 for varying dictionary matrix */
188   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
189 }
190 
191 /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
192 PetscErrorCode FormStartingPoint(Vec X)
193 {
194   PetscFunctionBegin;
195   PetscCall(VecSet(X,0.0));
196   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
197 }
198 
199 /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
200 PetscErrorCode InitializeUserData(AppCtx *user)
201 {
202   PetscReal *b=user->b; /* **A=user->A, but we don't kown the dimension of A in this way, how to fix? */
203   PetscInt  m,n,k; /* loop index for M,N,K dimension. */
204 
205   PetscFunctionBegin;
206   /* b = A*x while x = [0;0;1;0;0] here*/
207   m = 0;
208   b[m++] = 0.28;
209   b[m++] = 0.55;
210   b[m++] = 0.96;
211 
212   /* matlab generated random matrix, uniformly distributed in [0,1] with 2 digits accuracy. rng(0); A = rand(M, N); A = round(A*100)/100;
213   A = [0.81  0.91  0.28  0.96  0.96
214        0.91  0.63  0.55  0.16  0.49
215        0.13  0.10  0.96  0.97  0.80]
216   */
217   m=0; n=0; user->A[m][n++] = 0.81; user->A[m][n++] = 0.91; user->A[m][n++] = 0.28; user->A[m][n++] = 0.96; user->A[m][n++] = 0.96;
218   ++m; n=0; user->A[m][n++] = 0.91; user->A[m][n++] = 0.63; user->A[m][n++] = 0.55; user->A[m][n++] = 0.16; user->A[m][n++] = 0.49;
219   ++m; n=0; user->A[m][n++] = 0.13; user->A[m][n++] = 0.10; user->A[m][n++] = 0.96; user->A[m][n++] = 0.97; user->A[m][n++] = 0.80;
220 
221   /* initialize to 0 */
222   for (k=0; k<K; k++) {
223     for (n=0; n<N; n++) {
224       user->D[k][n] = 0.0;
225     }
226   }
227   /* Choice I: set D to identity matrix of size N*N for testing */
228   /* for (k=0; k<K; k++) user->D[k][k] = 1.0; */
229   /* Choice II: set D to Backward difference matrix of size (N-1)*N, with zero extended boundary assumption */
230   for (k=0;k<K;k++) {
231       user->D[k][k]   = -1.0;
232       user->D[k][k+1] = 1.0;
233   }
234 
235   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
236 }
237 
238 /*TEST
239 
240    build:
241       requires: !complex !single !quad !defined(PETSC_USE_64BIT_INDICES)
242 
243    test:
244       localrunfiles: cs1Data_A_b_xGT
245       args: -tao_smonitor -tao_max_it 100 -tao_type pounders -tao_gatol 1.e-6
246 
247    test:
248       suffix: 2
249       localrunfiles: cs1Data_A_b_xGT
250       args: -tao_monitor -tao_max_it 100 -tao_type brgn -tao_brgn_regularization_type l2prox -tao_brgn_regularizer_weight 1e-8 -tao_gatol 1.e-6 -tao_brgn_subsolver_tao_bnk_ksp_converged_reason
251 
252    test:
253       suffix: 3
254       localrunfiles: cs1Data_A_b_xGT
255       args: -tao_monitor -tao_max_it 100 -tao_type brgn -tao_brgn_regularization_type l1dict -tao_brgn_regularizer_weight 1e-8 -tao_brgn_l1_smooth_epsilon 1e-6 -tao_gatol 1.e-6
256 
257    test:
258       suffix: 4
259       localrunfiles: cs1Data_A_b_xGT
260       args: -tao_monitor -tao_max_it 100 -tao_type brgn -tao_brgn_regularization_type l2pure -tao_brgn_regularizer_weight 1e-8 -tao_gatol 1.e-6
261 
262    test:
263       suffix: 5
264       localrunfiles: cs1Data_A_b_xGT
265       args: -tao_monitor -tao_max_it 100 -tao_type brgn -tao_brgn_regularization_type lm -tao_gatol 1.e-6 -tao_brgn_subsolver_tao_type bnls
266 
267 TEST*/
268