xref: /petsc/src/ts/impls/rosw/rosw.c (revision ffad99011bdf8bdff5e8540ef3c49b4fd8d6e6bb)
1 /*
2   Code for timestepping with Rosenbrock W methods
3 
4   Notes:
5   The general system is written as
6 
7   F(t,U,Udot) = G(t,U)
8 
9   where F represents the stiff part of the physics and G represents the non-stiff part.
10   This method is designed to be linearly implicit on F and can use an approximate and lagged Jacobian.
11 
12 */
13 #include <petsc-private/tsimpl.h>                /*I   "petscts.h"   I*/
14 #include <petscdm.h>
15 
16 #include <petsc-private/kernels/blockinvert.h>
17 
18 static TSRosWType TSRosWDefault = TSROSWRA34PW2;
19 static PetscBool  TSRosWRegisterAllCalled;
20 static PetscBool  TSRosWPackageInitialized;
21 
22 typedef struct _RosWTableau *RosWTableau;
23 struct _RosWTableau {
24   char      *name;
25   PetscInt  order;              /* Classical approximation order of the method */
26   PetscInt  s;                  /* Number of stages */
27   PetscInt  pinterp;            /* Interpolation order */
28   PetscReal *A;                 /* Propagation table, strictly lower triangular */
29   PetscReal *Gamma;             /* Stage table, lower triangular with nonzero diagonal */
30   PetscBool *GammaZeroDiag;     /* Diagonal entries that are zero in stage table Gamma, vector indicating explicit statages */
31   PetscReal *GammaExplicitCorr; /* Coefficients for correction terms needed for explicit stages in transformed variables*/
32   PetscReal *b;                 /* Step completion table */
33   PetscReal *bembed;            /* Step completion table for embedded method of order one less */
34   PetscReal *ASum;              /* Row sum of A */
35   PetscReal *GammaSum;          /* Row sum of Gamma, only needed for non-autonomous systems */
36   PetscReal *At;                /* Propagation table in transformed variables */
37   PetscReal *bt;                /* Step completion table in transformed variables */
38   PetscReal *bembedt;           /* Step completion table of order one less in transformed variables */
39   PetscReal *GammaInv;          /* Inverse of Gamma, used for transformed variables */
40   PetscReal ccfl;               /* Placeholder for CFL coefficient relative to forward Euler */
41   PetscReal *binterpt;          /* Dense output formula */
42 };
43 typedef struct _RosWTableauLink *RosWTableauLink;
44 struct _RosWTableauLink {
45   struct _RosWTableau tab;
46   RosWTableauLink     next;
47 };
48 static RosWTableauLink RosWTableauList;
49 
50 typedef struct {
51   RosWTableau  tableau;
52   Vec          *Y;               /* States computed during the step, used to complete the step */
53   Vec          Ydot;             /* Work vector holding Ydot during residual evaluation */
54   Vec          Ystage;           /* Work vector for the state value at each stage */
55   Vec          Zdot;             /* Ydot = Zdot + shift*Y */
56   Vec          Zstage;           /* Y = Zstage + Y */
57   Vec          VecSolPrev;       /* Work vector holding the solution from the previous step (used for interpolation)*/
58   PetscScalar  *work;            /* Scalar work space of length number of stages, used to prepare VecMAXPY() */
59   PetscReal    scoeff;           /* shift = scoeff/dt */
60   PetscReal    stage_time;
61   PetscReal    stage_explicit;     /* Flag indicates that the current stage is explicit */
62   PetscBool    recompute_jacobian; /* Recompute the Jacobian at each stage, default is to freeze the Jacobian at the start of each step */
63   TSStepStatus status;
64 } TS_RosW;
65 
66 /*MC
67      TSROSWTHETA1 - One stage first order L-stable Rosenbrock-W scheme (aka theta method).
68 
69      Only an approximate Jacobian is needed.
70 
71      Level: intermediate
72 
73 .seealso: TSROSW
74 M*/
75 
76 /*MC
77      TSROSWTHETA2 - One stage second order A-stable Rosenbrock-W scheme (aka theta method).
78 
79      Only an approximate Jacobian is needed.
80 
81      Level: intermediate
82 
83 .seealso: TSROSW
84 M*/
85 
86 /*MC
87      TSROSW2M - Two stage second order L-stable Rosenbrock-W scheme.
88 
89      Only an approximate Jacobian is needed. By default, it is only recomputed once per step. This method is a reflection of TSROSW2P.
90 
91      Level: intermediate
92 
93 .seealso: TSROSW
94 M*/
95 
96 /*MC
97      TSROSW2P - Two stage second order L-stable Rosenbrock-W scheme.
98 
99      Only an approximate Jacobian is needed. By default, it is only recomputed once per step. This method is a reflection of TSROSW2M.
100 
101      Level: intermediate
102 
103 .seealso: TSROSW
104 M*/
105 
106 /*MC
107      TSROSWRA3PW - Three stage third order Rosenbrock-W scheme for PDAE of index 1.
108 
109      Only an approximate Jacobian is needed. By default, it is only recomputed once per step.
110 
111      This is strongly A-stable with R(infty) = 0.73. The embedded method of order 2 is strongly A-stable with R(infty) = 0.73.
112 
113      References:
114      Rang and Angermann, New Rosenbrock-W methods of order 3 for partial differential algebraic equations of index 1, 2005.
115 
116      Level: intermediate
117 
118 .seealso: TSROSW
119 M*/
120 
121 /*MC
122      TSROSWRA34PW2 - Four stage third order L-stable Rosenbrock-W scheme for PDAE of index 1.
123 
124      Only an approximate Jacobian is needed. By default, it is only recomputed once per step.
125 
126      This is strongly A-stable with R(infty) = 0. The embedded method of order 2 is strongly A-stable with R(infty) = 0.48.
127 
128      References:
129      Rang and Angermann, New Rosenbrock-W methods of order 3 for partial differential algebraic equations of index 1, 2005.
130 
131      Level: intermediate
132 
133 .seealso: TSROSW
134 M*/
135 
136 /*MC
137      TSROSWRODAS3 - Four stage third order L-stable Rosenbrock scheme
138 
139      By default, the Jacobian is only recomputed once per step.
140 
141      Both the third order and embedded second order methods are stiffly accurate and L-stable.
142 
143      References:
144      Sandu et al, Benchmarking stiff ODE solvers for atmospheric chemistry problems II, Rosenbrock solvers, 1997.
145 
146      Level: intermediate
147 
148 .seealso: TSROSW, TSROSWSANDU3
149 M*/
150 
151 /*MC
152      TSROSWSANDU3 - Three stage third order L-stable Rosenbrock scheme
153 
154      By default, the Jacobian is only recomputed once per step.
155 
156      The third order method is L-stable, but not stiffly accurate.
157      The second order embedded method is strongly A-stable with R(infty) = 0.5.
158      The internal stages are L-stable.
159      This method is called ROS3 in the paper.
160 
161      References:
162      Sandu et al, Benchmarking stiff ODE solvers for atmospheric chemistry problems II, Rosenbrock solvers, 1997.
163 
164      Level: intermediate
165 
166 .seealso: TSROSW, TSROSWRODAS3
167 M*/
168 
169 /*MC
170      TSROSWASSP3P3S1C - A-stable Rosenbrock-W method with SSP explicit part, third order, three stages
171 
172      By default, the Jacobian is only recomputed once per step.
173 
174      A-stable SPP explicit order 3, 3 stages, CFL 1 (eff = 1/3)
175 
176      References:
177      Emil Constantinescu
178 
179      Level: intermediate
180 
181 .seealso: TSROSW, TSROSWLASSP3P4S2C, TSROSWLLSSP3P4S2C, SSP
182 M*/
183 
184 /*MC
185      TSROSWLASSP3P4S2C - L-stable Rosenbrock-W method with SSP explicit part, third order, four stages
186 
187      By default, the Jacobian is only recomputed once per step.
188 
189      L-stable (A-stable embedded) SPP explicit order 3, 4 stages, CFL 2 (eff = 1/2)
190 
191      References:
192      Emil Constantinescu
193 
194      Level: intermediate
195 
196 .seealso: TSROSW, TSROSWASSP3P3S1C, TSROSWLLSSP3P4S2C, TSSSP
197 M*/
198 
199 /*MC
200      TSROSWLLSSP3P4S2C - L-stable Rosenbrock-W method with SSP explicit part, third order, four stages
201 
202      By default, the Jacobian is only recomputed once per step.
203 
204      L-stable (L-stable embedded) SPP explicit order 3, 4 stages, CFL 2 (eff = 1/2)
205 
206      References:
207      Emil Constantinescu
208 
209      Level: intermediate
210 
211 .seealso: TSROSW, TSROSWASSP3P3S1C, TSROSWLASSP3P4S2C, TSSSP
212 M*/
213 
214 /*MC
215      TSROSWGRK4T - four stage, fourth order Rosenbrock (not W) method from Kaps and Rentrop
216 
217      By default, the Jacobian is only recomputed once per step.
218 
219      A(89.3 degrees)-stable, |R(infty)| = 0.454.
220 
221      This method does not provide a dense output formula.
222 
223      References:
224      Kaps and Rentrop, Generalized Runge-Kutta methods of order four with stepsize control for stiff ordinary differential equations, 1979.
225 
226      Hairer and Wanner, Solving Ordinary Differential Equations II, Section 4 Table 7.2.
227 
228      Hairer's code ros4.f
229 
230      Level: intermediate
231 
232 .seealso: TSROSW, TSROSWSHAMP4, TSROSWVELDD4, TSROSW4L
233 M*/
234 
235 /*MC
236      TSROSWSHAMP4 - four stage, fourth order Rosenbrock (not W) method from Shampine
237 
238      By default, the Jacobian is only recomputed once per step.
239 
240      A-stable, |R(infty)| = 1/3.
241 
242      This method does not provide a dense output formula.
243 
244      References:
245      Shampine, Implementation of Rosenbrock methods, 1982.
246 
247      Hairer and Wanner, Solving Ordinary Differential Equations II, Section 4 Table 7.2.
248 
249      Hairer's code ros4.f
250 
251      Level: intermediate
252 
253 .seealso: TSROSW, TSROSWGRK4T, TSROSWVELDD4, TSROSW4L
254 M*/
255 
256 /*MC
257      TSROSWVELDD4 - four stage, fourth order Rosenbrock (not W) method from van Veldhuizen
258 
259      By default, the Jacobian is only recomputed once per step.
260 
261      A(89.5 degrees)-stable, |R(infty)| = 0.24.
262 
263      This method does not provide a dense output formula.
264 
265      References:
266      van Veldhuizen, D-stability and Kaps-Rentrop methods, 1984.
267 
268      Hairer and Wanner, Solving Ordinary Differential Equations II, Section 4 Table 7.2.
269 
270      Hairer's code ros4.f
271 
272      Level: intermediate
273 
274 .seealso: TSROSW, TSROSWGRK4T, TSROSWSHAMP4, TSROSW4L
275 M*/
276 
277 /*MC
278      TSROSW4L - four stage, fourth order Rosenbrock (not W) method
279 
280      By default, the Jacobian is only recomputed once per step.
281 
282      A-stable and L-stable
283 
284      This method does not provide a dense output formula.
285 
286      References:
287      Hairer and Wanner, Solving Ordinary Differential Equations II, Section 4 Table 7.2.
288 
289      Hairer's code ros4.f
290 
291      Level: intermediate
292 
293 .seealso: TSROSW, TSROSWGRK4T, TSROSWSHAMP4, TSROSW4L
294 M*/
295 
296 #undef __FUNCT__
297 #define __FUNCT__ "TSRosWRegisterAll"
298 /*@C
299   TSRosWRegisterAll - Registers all of the additive Runge-Kutta implicit-explicit methods in TSRosW
300 
301   Not Collective, but should be called by all processes which will need the schemes to be registered
302 
303   Level: advanced
304 
305 .keywords: TS, TSRosW, register, all
306 
307 .seealso:  TSRosWRegisterDestroy()
308 @*/
309 PetscErrorCode TSRosWRegisterAll(void)
310 {
311   PetscErrorCode ierr;
312 
313   PetscFunctionBegin;
314   if (TSRosWRegisterAllCalled) PetscFunctionReturn(0);
315   TSRosWRegisterAllCalled = PETSC_TRUE;
316 
317   {
318     const PetscReal A = 0;
319     const PetscReal Gamma = 1;
320     const PetscReal b = 1;
321     const PetscReal binterpt=1;
322 
323     ierr = TSRosWRegister(TSROSWTHETA1,1,1,&A,&Gamma,&b,NULL,1,&binterpt);CHKERRQ(ierr);
324   }
325 
326   {
327     const PetscReal A = 0;
328     const PetscReal Gamma = 0.5;
329     const PetscReal b = 1;
330     const PetscReal binterpt=1;
331 
332     ierr = TSRosWRegister(TSROSWTHETA2,2,1,&A,&Gamma,&b,NULL,1,&binterpt);CHKERRQ(ierr);
333   }
334 
335   {
336     /*const PetscReal g = 1. + 1./PetscSqrtReal(2.0);   Direct evaluation: 1.707106781186547524401. Used for setting up arrays of values known at compile time below. */
337     const PetscReal
338       A[2][2]     = {{0,0}, {1.,0}},
339       Gamma[2][2] = {{1.707106781186547524401,0}, {-2.*1.707106781186547524401,1.707106781186547524401}},
340       b[2]        = {0.5,0.5},
341       b1[2]       = {1.0,0.0};
342     PetscReal binterpt[2][2];
343     binterpt[0][0] = 1.707106781186547524401 - 1.0;
344     binterpt[1][0] = 2.0 - 1.707106781186547524401;
345     binterpt[0][1] = 1.707106781186547524401 - 1.5;
346     binterpt[1][1] = 1.5 - 1.707106781186547524401;
347 
348     ierr = TSRosWRegister(TSROSW2P,2,2,&A[0][0],&Gamma[0][0],b,b1,2,&binterpt[0][0]);CHKERRQ(ierr);
349   }
350   {
351     /*const PetscReal g = 1. - 1./PetscSqrtReal(2.0);   Direct evaluation: 0.2928932188134524755992. Used for setting up arrays of values known at compile time below. */
352     const PetscReal
353       A[2][2]     = {{0,0}, {1.,0}},
354       Gamma[2][2] = {{0.2928932188134524755992,0}, {-2.*0.2928932188134524755992,0.2928932188134524755992}},
355       b[2]        = {0.5,0.5},
356       b1[2]       = {1.0,0.0};
357     PetscReal binterpt[2][2];
358     binterpt[0][0] = 0.2928932188134524755992 - 1.0;
359     binterpt[1][0] = 2.0 - 0.2928932188134524755992;
360     binterpt[0][1] = 0.2928932188134524755992 - 1.5;
361     binterpt[1][1] = 1.5 - 0.2928932188134524755992;
362 
363     ierr = TSRosWRegister(TSROSW2M,2,2,&A[0][0],&Gamma[0][0],b,b1,2,&binterpt[0][0]);CHKERRQ(ierr);
364   }
365   {
366     /*const PetscReal g = 7.8867513459481287e-01; Directly written in-place below */
367     PetscReal binterpt[3][2];
368     const PetscReal
369       A[3][3] = {{0,0,0},
370                  {1.5773502691896257e+00,0,0},
371                  {0.5,0,0}},
372       Gamma[3][3] = {{7.8867513459481287e-01,0,0},
373                      {-1.5773502691896257e+00,7.8867513459481287e-01,0},
374                      {-6.7075317547305480e-01,-1.7075317547305482e-01,7.8867513459481287e-01}},
375       b[3]  = {1.0566243270259355e-01,4.9038105676657971e-02,8.4529946162074843e-01},
376       b2[3] = {-1.7863279495408180e-01,1./3.,8.4529946162074843e-01};
377 
378       binterpt[0][0] = -0.8094010767585034;
379       binterpt[1][0] = -0.5;
380       binterpt[2][0] = 2.3094010767585034;
381       binterpt[0][1] = 0.9641016151377548;
382       binterpt[1][1] = 0.5;
383       binterpt[2][1] = -1.4641016151377548;
384 
385       ierr = TSRosWRegister(TSROSWRA3PW,3,3,&A[0][0],&Gamma[0][0],b,b2,2,&binterpt[0][0]);CHKERRQ(ierr);
386   }
387   {
388     PetscReal  binterpt[4][3];
389     /*const PetscReal g = 4.3586652150845900e-01; Directly written in-place below */
390     const PetscReal
391       A[4][4] = {{0,0,0,0},
392                  {8.7173304301691801e-01,0,0,0},
393                  {8.4457060015369423e-01,-1.1299064236484185e-01,0,0},
394                  {0,0,1.,0}},
395       Gamma[4][4] = {{4.3586652150845900e-01,0,0,0},
396                      {-8.7173304301691801e-01,4.3586652150845900e-01,0,0},
397                      {-9.0338057013044082e-01,5.4180672388095326e-02,4.3586652150845900e-01,0},
398                      {2.4212380706095346e-01,-1.2232505839045147e+00,5.4526025533510214e-01,4.3586652150845900e-01}},
399       b[4]  = {2.4212380706095346e-01,-1.2232505839045147e+00,1.5452602553351020e+00,4.3586652150845900e-01},
400       b2[4] = {3.7810903145819369e-01,-9.6042292212423178e-02,5.0000000000000000e-01,2.1793326075422950e-01};
401 
402     binterpt[0][0]=1.0564298455794094;
403     binterpt[1][0]=2.296429974281067;
404     binterpt[2][0]=-1.307599564525376;
405     binterpt[3][0]=-1.045260255335102;
406     binterpt[0][1]=-1.3864882699759573;
407     binterpt[1][1]=-8.262611700275677;
408     binterpt[2][1]=7.250979895056055;
409     binterpt[3][1]=2.398120075195581;
410     binterpt[0][2]=0.5721822314575016;
411     binterpt[1][2]=4.742931142090097;
412     binterpt[2][2]=-4.398120075195578;
413     binterpt[3][2]=-0.9169932983520199;
414 
415     ierr = TSRosWRegister(TSROSWRA34PW2,3,4,&A[0][0],&Gamma[0][0],b,b2,3,&binterpt[0][0]);CHKERRQ(ierr);
416   }
417   {
418     /* const PetscReal g = 0.5;       Directly written in-place below */
419     const PetscReal
420       A[4][4] = {{0,0,0,0},
421                  {0,0,0,0},
422                  {1.,0,0,0},
423                  {0.75,-0.25,0.5,0}},
424       Gamma[4][4] = {{0.5,0,0,0},
425                      {1.,0.5,0,0},
426                      {-0.25,-0.25,0.5,0},
427                      {1./12,1./12,-2./3,0.5}},
428       b[4]  = {5./6,-1./6,-1./6,0.5},
429       b2[4] = {0.75,-0.25,0.5,0};
430 
431     ierr = TSRosWRegister(TSROSWRODAS3,3,4,&A[0][0],&Gamma[0][0],b,b2,0,NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
432   }
433   {
434     /*const PetscReal g = 0.43586652150845899941601945119356;       Directly written in-place below */
435     const PetscReal
436       A[3][3] = {{0,0,0},
437                  {0.43586652150845899941601945119356,0,0},
438                  {0.43586652150845899941601945119356,0,0}},
439       Gamma[3][3] = {{0.43586652150845899941601945119356,0,0},
440                      {-0.19294655696029095575009695436041,0.43586652150845899941601945119356,0},
441                      {0,1.74927148125794685173529749738960,0.43586652150845899941601945119356}},
442       b[3]  = {-0.75457412385404315829818998646589,1.94100407061964420292840123379419,-0.18642994676560104463021124732829},
443       b2[3] = {-1.53358745784149585370766523913002,2.81745131148625772213931745457622,-0.28386385364476186843165221544619};
444 
445     PetscReal binterpt[3][2];
446     binterpt[0][0] = 3.793692883777660870425141387941;
447     binterpt[1][0] = -2.918692883777660870425141387941;
448     binterpt[2][0] = 0.125;
449     binterpt[0][1] = -0.725741064379812106687651020584;
450     binterpt[1][1] = 0.559074397713145440020984353917;
451     binterpt[2][1] = 0.16666666666666666666666666666667;
452 
453     ierr = TSRosWRegister(TSROSWSANDU3,3,3,&A[0][0],&Gamma[0][0],b,b2,2,&binterpt[0][0]);CHKERRQ(ierr);
454   }
455   {
456     /*const PetscReal s3 = PetscSqrtReal(3.),g = (3.0+s3)/6.0;
457      * Direct evaluation: s3 = 1.732050807568877293527;
458      *                     g = 0.7886751345948128822546;
459      * Values are directly inserted below to ensure availability at compile time (compiler warnings otherwise...) */
460     const PetscReal
461       A[3][3] = {{0,0,0},
462                  {1,0,0},
463                  {0.25,0.25,0}},
464       Gamma[3][3] = {{0,0,0},
465                      {(-3.0-1.732050807568877293527)/6.0,0.7886751345948128822546,0},
466                      {(-3.0-1.732050807568877293527)/24.0,(-3.0-1.732050807568877293527)/8.0,0.7886751345948128822546}},
467       b[3]  = {1./6.,1./6.,2./3.},
468       b2[3] = {1./4.,1./4.,1./2.};
469     PetscReal binterpt[3][2];
470 
471     binterpt[0][0]=0.089316397477040902157517886164709;
472     binterpt[1][0]=-0.91068360252295909784248211383529;
473     binterpt[2][0]=1.8213672050459181956849642276706;
474     binterpt[0][1]=0.077350269189625764509148780501957;
475     binterpt[1][1]=1.077350269189625764509148780502;
476     binterpt[2][1]=-1.1547005383792515290182975610039;
477 
478     ierr = TSRosWRegister(TSROSWASSP3P3S1C,3,3,&A[0][0],&Gamma[0][0],b,b2,2,&binterpt[0][0]);CHKERRQ(ierr);
479   }
480 
481   {
482     const PetscReal
483       A[4][4] = {{0,0,0,0},
484                  {1./2.,0,0,0},
485                  {1./2.,1./2.,0,0},
486                  {1./6.,1./6.,1./6.,0}},
487       Gamma[4][4] = {{1./2.,0,0,0},
488                      {0.0,1./4.,0,0},
489                      {-2.,-2./3.,2./3.,0},
490                      {1./2.,5./36.,-2./9,0}},
491       b[4]  = {1./6.,1./6.,1./6.,1./2.},
492       b2[4] = {1./8.,3./4.,1./8.,0};
493     PetscReal binterpt[4][3];
494 
495     binterpt[0][0]=6.25;
496     binterpt[1][0]=-30.25;
497     binterpt[2][0]=1.75;
498     binterpt[3][0]=23.25;
499     binterpt[0][1]=-9.75;
500     binterpt[1][1]=58.75;
501     binterpt[2][1]=-3.25;
502     binterpt[3][1]=-45.75;
503     binterpt[0][2]=3.6666666666666666666666666666667;
504     binterpt[1][2]=-28.333333333333333333333333333333;
505     binterpt[2][2]=1.6666666666666666666666666666667;
506     binterpt[3][2]=23.;
507 
508     ierr = TSRosWRegister(TSROSWLASSP3P4S2C,3,4,&A[0][0],&Gamma[0][0],b,b2,3,&binterpt[0][0]);CHKERRQ(ierr);
509   }
510 
511   {
512     const PetscReal
513       A[4][4] = {{0,0,0,0},
514                  {1./2.,0,0,0},
515                  {1./2.,1./2.,0,0},
516                  {1./6.,1./6.,1./6.,0}},
517       Gamma[4][4] = {{1./2.,0,0,0},
518                      {0.0,3./4.,0,0},
519                      {-2./3.,-23./9.,2./9.,0},
520                      {1./18.,65./108.,-2./27,0}},
521       b[4]  = {1./6.,1./6.,1./6.,1./2.},
522       b2[4] = {3./16.,10./16.,3./16.,0};
523     PetscReal binterpt[4][3];
524 
525     binterpt[0][0]=1.6911764705882352941176470588235;
526     binterpt[1][0]=3.6813725490196078431372549019608;
527     binterpt[2][0]=0.23039215686274509803921568627451;
528     binterpt[3][0]=-4.6029411764705882352941176470588;
529     binterpt[0][1]=-0.95588235294117647058823529411765;
530     binterpt[1][1]=-6.2401960784313725490196078431373;
531     binterpt[2][1]=-0.31862745098039215686274509803922;
532     binterpt[3][1]=7.5147058823529411764705882352941;
533     binterpt[0][2]=-0.56862745098039215686274509803922;
534     binterpt[1][2]=2.7254901960784313725490196078431;
535     binterpt[2][2]=0.25490196078431372549019607843137;
536     binterpt[3][2]=-2.4117647058823529411764705882353;
537 
538     ierr = TSRosWRegister(TSROSWLLSSP3P4S2C,3,4,&A[0][0],&Gamma[0][0],b,b2,3,&binterpt[0][0]);CHKERRQ(ierr);
539   }
540 
541   {
542     PetscReal A[4][4],Gamma[4][4],b[4],b2[4];
543     PetscReal binterpt[4][3];
544 
545     Gamma[0][0]=0.4358665215084589994160194475295062513822671686978816;
546     Gamma[0][1]=0; Gamma[0][2]=0; Gamma[0][3]=0;
547     Gamma[1][0]=-1.997527830934941248426324674704153457289527280554476;
548     Gamma[1][1]=0.4358665215084589994160194475295062513822671686978816;
549     Gamma[1][2]=0; Gamma[1][3]=0;
550     Gamma[2][0]=-1.007948511795029620852002345345404191008352770119903;
551     Gamma[2][1]=-0.004648958462629345562774289390054679806993396798458131;
552     Gamma[2][2]=0.4358665215084589994160194475295062513822671686978816;
553     Gamma[2][3]=0;
554     Gamma[3][0]=-0.6685429734233467180451604600279552604364311322650783;
555     Gamma[3][1]=0.6056625986449338476089525334450053439525178740492984;
556     Gamma[3][2]=-0.9717899277217721234705114616271378792182450260943198;
557     Gamma[3][3]=0;
558 
559     A[0][0]=0; A[0][1]=0; A[0][2]=0; A[0][3]=0;
560     A[1][0]=0.8717330430169179988320388950590125027645343373957631;
561     A[1][1]=0; A[1][2]=0; A[1][3]=0;
562     A[2][0]=0.5275890119763004115618079766722914408876108660811028;
563     A[2][1]=0.07241098802369958843819203208518599088698057726988732;
564     A[2][2]=0; A[2][3]=0;
565     A[3][0]=0.3990960076760701320627260685975778145384666450351314;
566     A[3][1]=-0.4375576546135194437228463747348862825846903771419953;
567     A[3][2]=1.038461646937449311660120300601880176655352737312713;
568     A[3][3]=0;
569 
570     b[0]=0.1876410243467238251612921333138006734899663569186926;
571     b[1]=-0.5952974735769549480478230473706443582188442040780541;
572     b[2]=0.9717899277217721234705114616271378792182450260943198;
573     b[3]=0.4358665215084589994160194475295062513822671686978816;
574 
575     b2[0]=0.2147402862233891404862383521089097657790734483804460;
576     b2[1]=-0.4851622638849390928209050538171743017757490232519684;
577     b2[2]=0.8687250025203875511662123688667549217531982787600080;
578     b2[3]=0.4016969751411624011684543450940068201770721128357014;
579 
580     binterpt[0][0]=2.2565812720167954547104627844105;
581     binterpt[1][0]=1.349166413351089573796243820819;
582     binterpt[2][0]=-2.4695174540533503758652847586647;
583     binterpt[3][0]=-0.13623023131453465264142184656474;
584     binterpt[0][1]=-3.0826699111559187902922463354557;
585     binterpt[1][1]=-2.4689115685996042534544925650515;
586     binterpt[2][1]=5.7428279814696677152129332773553;
587     binterpt[3][1]=-0.19124650171414467146619437684812;
588     binterpt[0][2]=1.0137296634858471607430756831148;
589     binterpt[1][2]=0.52444768167155973161042570784064;
590     binterpt[2][2]=-2.3015205996945452158771370439586;
591     binterpt[3][2]=0.76334325453713832352363565300308;
592 
593     ierr = TSRosWRegister(TSROSWARK3,3,4,&A[0][0],&Gamma[0][0],b,b2,3,&binterpt[0][0]);CHKERRQ(ierr);
594   }
595   ierr = TSRosWRegisterRos4(TSROSWGRK4T,0.231,PETSC_DEFAULT,PETSC_DEFAULT,0,-0.1282612945269037e+01);CHKERRQ(ierr);
596   ierr = TSRosWRegisterRos4(TSROSWSHAMP4,0.5,PETSC_DEFAULT,PETSC_DEFAULT,0,125./108.);CHKERRQ(ierr);
597   ierr = TSRosWRegisterRos4(TSROSWVELDD4,0.22570811482256823492,PETSC_DEFAULT,PETSC_DEFAULT,0,-1.355958941201148);CHKERRQ(ierr);
598   ierr = TSRosWRegisterRos4(TSROSW4L,0.57282,PETSC_DEFAULT,PETSC_DEFAULT,0,-1.093502252409163);CHKERRQ(ierr);
599   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
600 }
601 
602 
603 
604 #undef __FUNCT__
605 #define __FUNCT__ "TSRosWRegisterDestroy"
606 /*@C
607    TSRosWRegisterDestroy - Frees the list of schemes that were registered by TSRosWRegister().
608 
609    Not Collective
610 
611    Level: advanced
612 
613 .keywords: TSRosW, register, destroy
614 .seealso: TSRosWRegister(), TSRosWRegisterAll()
615 @*/
616 PetscErrorCode TSRosWRegisterDestroy(void)
617 {
618   PetscErrorCode  ierr;
619   RosWTableauLink link;
620 
621   PetscFunctionBegin;
622   while ((link = RosWTableauList)) {
623     RosWTableau t = &link->tab;
624     RosWTableauList = link->next;
625     ierr = PetscFree5(t->A,t->Gamma,t->b,t->ASum,t->GammaSum);CHKERRQ(ierr);
626     ierr = PetscFree5(t->At,t->bt,t->GammaInv,t->GammaZeroDiag,t->GammaExplicitCorr);CHKERRQ(ierr);
627     ierr = PetscFree2(t->bembed,t->bembedt);CHKERRQ(ierr);
628     ierr = PetscFree(t->binterpt);CHKERRQ(ierr);
629     ierr = PetscFree(t->name);CHKERRQ(ierr);
630     ierr = PetscFree(link);CHKERRQ(ierr);
631   }
632   TSRosWRegisterAllCalled = PETSC_FALSE;
633   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
634 }
635 
636 #undef __FUNCT__
637 #define __FUNCT__ "TSRosWInitializePackage"
638 /*@C
639   TSRosWInitializePackage - This function initializes everything in the TSRosW package. It is called
640   from PetscDLLibraryRegister() when using dynamic libraries, and on the first call to TSCreate_RosW()
641   when using static libraries.
642 
643   Level: developer
644 
645 .keywords: TS, TSRosW, initialize, package
646 .seealso: PetscInitialize()
647 @*/
648 PetscErrorCode TSRosWInitializePackage(void)
649 {
650   PetscErrorCode ierr;
651 
652   PetscFunctionBegin;
653   if (TSRosWPackageInitialized) PetscFunctionReturn(0);
654   TSRosWPackageInitialized = PETSC_TRUE;
655   ierr = TSRosWRegisterAll();CHKERRQ(ierr);
656   ierr = PetscRegisterFinalize(TSRosWFinalizePackage);CHKERRQ(ierr);
657   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
658 }
659 
660 #undef __FUNCT__
661 #define __FUNCT__ "TSRosWFinalizePackage"
662 /*@C
663   TSRosWFinalizePackage - This function destroys everything in the TSRosW package. It is
664   called from PetscFinalize().
665 
666   Level: developer
667 
668 .keywords: Petsc, destroy, package
669 .seealso: PetscFinalize()
670 @*/
671 PetscErrorCode TSRosWFinalizePackage(void)
672 {
673   PetscErrorCode ierr;
674 
675   PetscFunctionBegin;
676   TSRosWPackageInitialized = PETSC_FALSE;
677   ierr = TSRosWRegisterDestroy();CHKERRQ(ierr);
678   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
679 }
680 
681 #undef __FUNCT__
682 #define __FUNCT__ "TSRosWRegister"
683 /*@C
684    TSRosWRegister - register a Rosenbrock W scheme by providing the entries in the Butcher tableau and optionally embedded approximations and interpolation
685 
686    Not Collective, but the same schemes should be registered on all processes on which they will be used
687 
688    Input Parameters:
689 +  name - identifier for method
690 .  order - approximation order of method
691 .  s - number of stages, this is the dimension of the matrices below
692 .  A - Table of propagated stage coefficients (dimension s*s, row-major), strictly lower triangular
693 .  Gamma - Table of coefficients in implicit stage equations (dimension s*s, row-major), lower triangular with nonzero diagonal
694 .  b - Step completion table (dimension s)
695 .  bembed - Step completion table for a scheme of order one less (dimension s, NULL if no embedded scheme is available)
696 .  pinterp - Order of the interpolation scheme, equal to the number of columns of binterpt
697 -  binterpt - Coefficients of the interpolation formula (dimension s*pinterp)
698 
699    Notes:
700    Several Rosenbrock W methods are provided, this function is only needed to create new methods.
701 
702    Level: advanced
703 
704 .keywords: TS, register
705 
706 .seealso: TSRosW
707 @*/
708 PetscErrorCode TSRosWRegister(TSRosWType name,PetscInt order,PetscInt s,const PetscReal A[],const PetscReal Gamma[],const PetscReal b[],const PetscReal bembed[],
709                               PetscInt pinterp,const PetscReal binterpt[])
710 {
711   PetscErrorCode  ierr;
712   RosWTableauLink link;
713   RosWTableau     t;
714   PetscInt        i,j,k;
715   PetscScalar     *GammaInv;
716 
717   PetscFunctionBegin;
718   PetscValidCharPointer(name,1);
719   PetscValidPointer(A,4);
720   PetscValidPointer(Gamma,5);
721   PetscValidPointer(b,6);
722   if (bembed) PetscValidPointer(bembed,7);
723 
724   ierr     = PetscCalloc1(1,&link);CHKERRQ(ierr);
725   t        = &link->tab;
726   ierr     = PetscStrallocpy(name,&t->name);CHKERRQ(ierr);
727   t->order = order;
728   t->s     = s;
729   ierr     = PetscMalloc5(s*s,&t->A,s*s,&t->Gamma,s,&t->b,s,&t->ASum,s,&t->GammaSum);CHKERRQ(ierr);
730   ierr     = PetscMalloc5(s*s,&t->At,s,&t->bt,s*s,&t->GammaInv,s,&t->GammaZeroDiag,s*s,&t->GammaExplicitCorr);CHKERRQ(ierr);
731   ierr     = PetscMemcpy(t->A,A,s*s*sizeof(A[0]));CHKERRQ(ierr);
732   ierr     = PetscMemcpy(t->Gamma,Gamma,s*s*sizeof(Gamma[0]));CHKERRQ(ierr);
733   ierr     = PetscMemcpy(t->GammaExplicitCorr,Gamma,s*s*sizeof(Gamma[0]));CHKERRQ(ierr);
734   ierr     = PetscMemcpy(t->b,b,s*sizeof(b[0]));CHKERRQ(ierr);
735   if (bembed) {
736     ierr = PetscMalloc2(s,&t->bembed,s,&t->bembedt);CHKERRQ(ierr);
737     ierr = PetscMemcpy(t->bembed,bembed,s*sizeof(bembed[0]));CHKERRQ(ierr);
738   }
739   for (i=0; i<s; i++) {
740     t->ASum[i]     = 0;
741     t->GammaSum[i] = 0;
742     for (j=0; j<s; j++) {
743       t->ASum[i]     += A[i*s+j];
744       t->GammaSum[i] += Gamma[i*s+j];
745     }
746   }
747   ierr = PetscMalloc1(s*s,&GammaInv);CHKERRQ(ierr); /* Need to use Scalar for inverse, then convert back to Real */
748   for (i=0; i<s*s; i++) GammaInv[i] = Gamma[i];
749   for (i=0; i<s; i++) {
750     if (Gamma[i*s+i] == 0.0) {
751       GammaInv[i*s+i] = 1.0;
752       t->GammaZeroDiag[i] = PETSC_TRUE;
753     } else {
754       t->GammaZeroDiag[i] = PETSC_FALSE;
755     }
756   }
757 
758   switch (s) {
759   case 1: GammaInv[0] = 1./GammaInv[0]; break;
760   case 2: ierr = PetscKernel_A_gets_inverse_A_2(GammaInv,0);CHKERRQ(ierr); break;
761   case 3: ierr = PetscKernel_A_gets_inverse_A_3(GammaInv,0);CHKERRQ(ierr); break;
762   case 4: ierr = PetscKernel_A_gets_inverse_A_4(GammaInv,0);CHKERRQ(ierr); break;
763   case 5: {
764     PetscInt  ipvt5[5];
765     MatScalar work5[5*5];
766     ierr = PetscKernel_A_gets_inverse_A_5(GammaInv,ipvt5,work5,0);CHKERRQ(ierr); break;
767   }
768   case 6: ierr = PetscKernel_A_gets_inverse_A_6(GammaInv,0);CHKERRQ(ierr); break;
769   case 7: ierr = PetscKernel_A_gets_inverse_A_7(GammaInv,0);CHKERRQ(ierr); break;
770   default: SETERRQ1(PETSC_COMM_SELF,PETSC_ERR_SUP,"Not implemented for %D stages",s);
771   }
772   for (i=0; i<s*s; i++) t->GammaInv[i] = PetscRealPart(GammaInv[i]);
773   ierr = PetscFree(GammaInv);CHKERRQ(ierr);
774 
775   for (i=0; i<s; i++) {
776     for (k=0; k<i+1; k++) {
777       t->GammaExplicitCorr[i*s+k]=(t->GammaExplicitCorr[i*s+k])*(t->GammaInv[k*s+k]);
778       for (j=k+1; j<i+1; j++) {
779         t->GammaExplicitCorr[i*s+k]+=(t->GammaExplicitCorr[i*s+j])*(t->GammaInv[j*s+k]);
780       }
781     }
782   }
783 
784   for (i=0; i<s; i++) {
785     for (j=0; j<s; j++) {
786       t->At[i*s+j] = 0;
787       for (k=0; k<s; k++) {
788         t->At[i*s+j] += t->A[i*s+k] * t->GammaInv[k*s+j];
789       }
790     }
791     t->bt[i] = 0;
792     for (j=0; j<s; j++) {
793       t->bt[i] += t->b[j] * t->GammaInv[j*s+i];
794     }
795     if (bembed) {
796       t->bembedt[i] = 0;
797       for (j=0; j<s; j++) {
798         t->bembedt[i] += t->bembed[j] * t->GammaInv[j*s+i];
799       }
800     }
801   }
802   t->ccfl = 1.0;                /* Fix this */
803 
804   t->pinterp = pinterp;
805   ierr = PetscMalloc1(s*pinterp,&t->binterpt);CHKERRQ(ierr);
806   ierr = PetscMemcpy(t->binterpt,binterpt,s*pinterp*sizeof(binterpt[0]));CHKERRQ(ierr);
807   link->next = RosWTableauList;
808   RosWTableauList = link;
809   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
810 }
811 
812 #undef __FUNCT__
813 #define __FUNCT__ "TSRosWRegisterRos4"
814 /*@C
815    TSRosWRegisterRos4 - register a fourth order Rosenbrock scheme by providing paramter choices
816 
817    Not Collective, but the same schemes should be registered on all processes on which they will be used
818 
819    Input Parameters:
820 +  name - identifier for method
821 .  gamma - leading coefficient (diagonal entry)
822 .  a2 - design parameter, see Table 7.2 of Hairer&Wanner
823 .  a3 - design parameter or PETSC_DEFAULT to satisfy one of the order five conditions (Eq 7.22)
824 .  b3 - design parameter, see Table 7.2 of Hairer&Wanner
825 .  beta43 - design parameter or PETSC_DEFAULT to use Equation 7.21 of Hairer&Wanner
826 .  e4 - design parameter for embedded method, see coefficient E4 in ros4.f code from Hairer
827 
828    Notes:
829    This routine encodes the design of fourth order Rosenbrock methods as described in Hairer and Wanner volume 2.
830    It is used here to implement several methods from the book and can be used to experiment with new methods.
831    It was written this way instead of by copying coefficients in order to provide better than double precision satisfaction of the order conditions.
832 
833    Level: developer
834 
835 .keywords: TS, register
836 
837 .seealso: TSRosW, TSRosWRegister()
838 @*/
839 PetscErrorCode TSRosWRegisterRos4(TSRosWType name,PetscReal gamma,PetscReal a2,PetscReal a3,PetscReal b3,PetscReal e4)
840 {
841   PetscErrorCode ierr;
842   /* Declare numeric constants so they can be quad precision without being truncated at double */
843   const PetscReal one = 1,two = 2,three = 3,four = 4,five = 5,six = 6,eight = 8,twelve = 12,twenty = 20,twentyfour = 24,
844     p32 = one/six - gamma + gamma*gamma,
845     p42 = one/eight - gamma/three,
846     p43 = one/twelve - gamma/three,
847     p44 = one/twentyfour - gamma/two + three/two*gamma*gamma - gamma*gamma*gamma,
848     p56 = one/twenty - gamma/four;
849   PetscReal   a4,a32,a42,a43,b1,b2,b4,beta2p,beta3p,beta4p,beta32,beta42,beta43,beta32beta2p,beta4jbetajp;
850   PetscReal   A[4][4],Gamma[4][4],b[4],bm[4];
851   PetscScalar M[3][3],rhs[3];
852 
853   PetscFunctionBegin;
854   /* Step 1: choose Gamma (input) */
855   /* Step 2: choose a2,a3,a4; b1,b2,b3,b4 to satisfy order conditions */
856   if (a3 == PETSC_DEFAULT) a3 = (one/five - a2/four)/(one/four - a2/three); /* Eq 7.22 */
857   a4 = a3;                                                  /* consequence of 7.20 */
858 
859   /* Solve order conditions 7.15a, 7.15c, 7.15e */
860   M[0][0] = one; M[0][1] = one;      M[0][2] = one;      /* 7.15a */
861   M[1][0] = 0.0; M[1][1] = a2*a2;    M[1][2] = a4*a4;    /* 7.15c */
862   M[2][0] = 0.0; M[2][1] = a2*a2*a2; M[2][2] = a4*a4*a4; /* 7.15e */
863   rhs[0]  = one - b3;
864   rhs[1]  = one/three - a3*a3*b3;
865   rhs[2]  = one/four - a3*a3*a3*b3;
866   ierr    = PetscKernel_A_gets_inverse_A_3(&M[0][0],0);CHKERRQ(ierr);
867   b1      = PetscRealPart(M[0][0]*rhs[0] + M[0][1]*rhs[1] + M[0][2]*rhs[2]);
868   b2      = PetscRealPart(M[1][0]*rhs[0] + M[1][1]*rhs[1] + M[1][2]*rhs[2]);
869   b4      = PetscRealPart(M[2][0]*rhs[0] + M[2][1]*rhs[1] + M[2][2]*rhs[2]);
870 
871   /* Step 3 */
872   beta43       = (p56 - a2*p43) / (b4*a3*a3*(a3 - a2)); /* 7.21 */
873   beta32beta2p =  p44 / (b4*beta43);                    /* 7.15h */
874   beta4jbetajp = (p32 - b3*beta32beta2p) / b4;
875   M[0][0]      = b2;                                    M[0][1] = b3;                 M[0][2] = b4;
876   M[1][0]      = a4*a4*beta32beta2p-a3*a3*beta4jbetajp; M[1][1] = a2*a2*beta4jbetajp; M[1][2] = -a2*a2*beta32beta2p;
877   M[2][0]      = b4*beta43*a3*a3-p43;                   M[2][1] = -b4*beta43*a2*a2;   M[2][2] = 0;
878   rhs[0]       = one/two - gamma; rhs[1] = 0; rhs[2] = -a2*a2*p32;
879   ierr         = PetscKernel_A_gets_inverse_A_3(&M[0][0],0);CHKERRQ(ierr);
880   beta2p       = PetscRealPart(M[0][0]*rhs[0] + M[0][1]*rhs[1] + M[0][2]*rhs[2]);
881   beta3p       = PetscRealPart(M[1][0]*rhs[0] + M[1][1]*rhs[1] + M[1][2]*rhs[2]);
882   beta4p       = PetscRealPart(M[2][0]*rhs[0] + M[2][1]*rhs[1] + M[2][2]*rhs[2]);
883 
884   /* Step 4: back-substitute */
885   beta32 = beta32beta2p / beta2p;
886   beta42 = (beta4jbetajp - beta43*beta3p) / beta2p;
887 
888   /* Step 5: 7.15f and 7.20, then 7.16 */
889   a43 = 0;
890   a32 = p42 / (b3*a3*beta2p + b4*a4*beta2p);
891   a42 = a32;
892 
893   A[0][0]     = 0;          A[0][1] = 0;   A[0][2] = 0;   A[0][3] = 0;
894   A[1][0]     = a2;         A[1][1] = 0;   A[1][2] = 0;   A[1][3] = 0;
895   A[2][0]     = a3-a32;     A[2][1] = a32; A[2][2] = 0;   A[2][3] = 0;
896   A[3][0]     = a4-a43-a42; A[3][1] = a42; A[3][2] = a43; A[3][3] = 0;
897   Gamma[0][0] = gamma;                        Gamma[0][1] = 0;              Gamma[0][2] = 0;              Gamma[0][3] = 0;
898   Gamma[1][0] = beta2p-A[1][0];               Gamma[1][1] = gamma;          Gamma[1][2] = 0;              Gamma[1][3] = 0;
899   Gamma[2][0] = beta3p-beta32-A[2][0];        Gamma[2][1] = beta32-A[2][1]; Gamma[2][2] = gamma;          Gamma[2][3] = 0;
900   Gamma[3][0] = beta4p-beta42-beta43-A[3][0]; Gamma[3][1] = beta42-A[3][1]; Gamma[3][2] = beta43-A[3][2]; Gamma[3][3] = gamma;
901   b[0] = b1; b[1] = b2; b[2] = b3; b[3] = b4;
902 
903   /* Construct embedded formula using given e4. We are solving Equation 7.18. */
904   bm[3] = b[3] - e4*gamma;                                          /* using definition of E4 */
905   bm[2] = (p32 - beta4jbetajp*bm[3]) / (beta32*beta2p);             /* fourth row of 7.18 */
906   bm[1] = (one/two - gamma - beta3p*bm[2] - beta4p*bm[3]) / beta2p; /* second row */
907   bm[0] = one - bm[1] - bm[2] - bm[3];                              /* first row */
908 
909   {
910     const PetscReal misfit = a2*a2*bm[1] + a3*a3*bm[2] + a4*a4*bm[3] - one/three;
911     if (PetscAbs(misfit) > PETSC_SMALL) SETERRQ(PETSC_COMM_SELF,PETSC_ERR_SUP,"Assumptions violated, could not construct a third order embedded method");
912   }
913   ierr = TSRosWRegister(name,4,4,&A[0][0],&Gamma[0][0],b,bm,0,NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
914   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
915 }
916 
917 #undef __FUNCT__
918 #define __FUNCT__ "TSEvaluateStep_RosW"
919 /*
920  The step completion formula is
921 
922  x1 = x0 + b^T Y
923 
924  where Y is the multi-vector of stages corrections. This function can be called before or after ts->vec_sol has been
925  updated. Suppose we have a completion formula b and an embedded formula be of different order. We can write
926 
927  x1e = x0 + be^T Y
928      = x1 - b^T Y + be^T Y
929      = x1 + (be - b)^T Y
930 
931  so we can evaluate the method of different order even after the step has been optimistically completed.
932 */
933 static PetscErrorCode TSEvaluateStep_RosW(TS ts,PetscInt order,Vec U,PetscBool *done)
934 {
935   TS_RosW        *ros = (TS_RosW*)ts->data;
936   RosWTableau    tab  = ros->tableau;
937   PetscScalar    *w   = ros->work;
938   PetscInt       i;
939   PetscErrorCode ierr;
940 
941   PetscFunctionBegin;
942   if (order == tab->order) {
943     if (ros->status == TS_STEP_INCOMPLETE) { /* Use standard completion formula */
944       ierr = VecCopy(ts->vec_sol,U);CHKERRQ(ierr);
945       for (i=0; i<tab->s; i++) w[i] = tab->bt[i];
946       ierr = VecMAXPY(U,tab->s,w,ros->Y);CHKERRQ(ierr);
947     } else {ierr = VecCopy(ts->vec_sol,U);CHKERRQ(ierr);}
948     if (done) *done = PETSC_TRUE;
949     PetscFunctionReturn(0);
950   } else if (order == tab->order-1) {
951     if (!tab->bembedt) goto unavailable;
952     if (ros->status == TS_STEP_INCOMPLETE) { /* Use embedded completion formula */
953       ierr = VecCopy(ts->vec_sol,U);CHKERRQ(ierr);
954       for (i=0; i<tab->s; i++) w[i] = tab->bembedt[i];
955       ierr = VecMAXPY(U,tab->s,w,ros->Y);CHKERRQ(ierr);
956     } else {                    /* Use rollback-and-recomplete formula (bembedt - bt) */
957       for (i=0; i<tab->s; i++) w[i] = tab->bembedt[i] - tab->bt[i];
958       ierr = VecCopy(ts->vec_sol,U);CHKERRQ(ierr);
959       ierr = VecMAXPY(U,tab->s,w,ros->Y);CHKERRQ(ierr);
960     }
961     if (done) *done = PETSC_TRUE;
962     PetscFunctionReturn(0);
963   }
964   unavailable:
965   if (done) *done = PETSC_FALSE;
966   else SETERRQ3(PetscObjectComm((PetscObject)ts),PETSC_ERR_SUP,"Rosenbrock-W '%s' of order %D cannot evaluate step at order %D",tab->name,tab->order,order);
967   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
968 }
969 
970 #undef __FUNCT__
971 #define __FUNCT__ "TSStep_RosW"
972 static PetscErrorCode TSStep_RosW(TS ts)
973 {
974   TS_RosW         *ros = (TS_RosW*)ts->data;
975   RosWTableau     tab  = ros->tableau;
976   const PetscInt  s    = tab->s;
977   const PetscReal *At  = tab->At,*Gamma = tab->Gamma,*ASum = tab->ASum,*GammaInv = tab->GammaInv;
978   const PetscReal *GammaExplicitCorr = tab->GammaExplicitCorr;
979   const PetscBool *GammaZeroDiag = tab->GammaZeroDiag;
980   PetscScalar     *w   = ros->work;
981   Vec             *Y   = ros->Y,Ydot = ros->Ydot,Zdot = ros->Zdot,Zstage = ros->Zstage;
982   SNES            snes;
983   TSAdapt         adapt;
984   PetscInt        i,j,its,lits,reject,next_scheme;
985   PetscReal       next_time_step;
986   PetscBool       accept;
987   PetscErrorCode  ierr;
988 
989   PetscFunctionBegin;
990   ierr = TSGetSNES(ts,&snes);CHKERRQ(ierr);
991   next_time_step = ts->time_step;
992   accept         = PETSC_TRUE;
993   ros->status    = TS_STEP_INCOMPLETE;
994 
995   for (reject=0; reject<ts->max_reject && !ts->reason; reject++,ts->reject++) {
996     const PetscReal h = ts->time_step;
997     ierr = TSPreStep(ts);CHKERRQ(ierr);
998     ierr = VecCopy(ts->vec_sol,ros->VecSolPrev);CHKERRQ(ierr); /*move this at the end*/
999     for (i=0; i<s; i++) {
1000       ros->stage_time = ts->ptime + h*ASum[i];
1001       ierr = TSPreStage(ts,ros->stage_time);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1002       if (GammaZeroDiag[i]) {
1003         ros->stage_explicit = PETSC_TRUE;
1004         ros->scoeff         = 1.;
1005       } else {
1006         ros->stage_explicit = PETSC_FALSE;
1007         ros->scoeff         = 1./Gamma[i*s+i];
1008       }
1009 
1010       ierr = VecCopy(ts->vec_sol,Zstage);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1011       for (j=0; j<i; j++) w[j] = At[i*s+j];
1012       ierr = VecMAXPY(Zstage,i,w,Y);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1013 
1014       for (j=0; j<i; j++) w[j] = 1./h * GammaInv[i*s+j];
1015       ierr = VecZeroEntries(Zdot);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1016       ierr = VecMAXPY(Zdot,i,w,Y);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1017 
1018       /* Initial guess taken from last stage */
1019       ierr = VecZeroEntries(Y[i]);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1020 
1021       if (!ros->stage_explicit) {
1022         if (!ros->recompute_jacobian && !i) {
1023           ierr = SNESSetLagJacobian(snes,-2);CHKERRQ(ierr); /* Recompute the Jacobian on this solve, but not again */
1024         }
1025         ierr = SNESSolve(snes,NULL,Y[i]);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1026         ierr = SNESGetIterationNumber(snes,&its);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1027         ierr = SNESGetLinearSolveIterations(snes,&lits);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1028         ts->snes_its += its; ts->ksp_its += lits;
1029         ierr = TSGetAdapt(ts,&adapt);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1030         ierr = TSAdaptCheckStage(adapt,ts,&accept);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1031         if (!accept) goto reject_step;
1032       } else {
1033         Mat J,Jp;
1034         ierr = VecZeroEntries(Ydot);CHKERRQ(ierr); /* Evaluate Y[i]=G(t,Ydot=0,Zstage) */
1035         ierr = TSComputeIFunction(ts,ros->stage_time,Zstage,Ydot,Y[i],PETSC_FALSE);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1036         ierr = VecScale(Y[i],-1.0);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1037         ierr = VecAXPY(Y[i],-1.0,Zdot);CHKERRQ(ierr); /*Y[i]=F(Zstage)-Zdot[=GammaInv*Y]*/
1038 
1039         ierr = VecZeroEntries(Zstage);CHKERRQ(ierr); /* Zstage = GammaExplicitCorr[i,j] * Y[j] */
1040         for (j=0; j<i; j++) w[j] = GammaExplicitCorr[i*s+j];
1041         ierr = VecMAXPY(Zstage,i,w,Y);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1042         /*Y[i] += Y[i] + Jac*Zstage[=Jac*GammaExplicitCorr[i,j] * Y[j]] */
1043         ierr = TSGetIJacobian(ts,&J,&Jp,NULL,NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1044         ierr = TSComputeIJacobian(ts,ros->stage_time,ts->vec_sol,Ydot,0,J,Jp,PETSC_FALSE);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1045         ierr = MatMult(J,Zstage,Zdot);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1046 
1047         ierr = VecAXPY(Y[i],-1.0,Zdot);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1048         ierr = VecScale(Y[i],h);
1049         ts->ksp_its += 1;
1050       }
1051       ierr = TSPostStage(ts,ros->stage_time,i,Y);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1052     }
1053     ierr = TSEvaluateStep(ts,tab->order,ts->vec_sol,NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1054     ros->status = TS_STEP_PENDING;
1055 
1056     /* Register only the current method as a candidate because we're not supporting multiple candidates yet. */
1057     ierr = TSGetAdapt(ts,&adapt);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1058     ierr = TSAdaptCandidatesClear(adapt);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1059     ierr = TSAdaptCandidateAdd(adapt,tab->name,tab->order,1,tab->ccfl,1.*tab->s,PETSC_TRUE);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1060     ierr = TSAdaptChoose(adapt,ts,ts->time_step,&next_scheme,&next_time_step,&accept);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1061     if (accept) {
1062       /* ignore next_scheme for now */
1063       ts->ptime    += ts->time_step;
1064       ts->time_step = next_time_step;
1065       ts->steps++;
1066       ros->status = TS_STEP_COMPLETE;
1067       break;
1068     } else {                    /* Roll back the current step */
1069       for (i=0; i<s; i++) w[i] = -tab->bt[i];
1070       ierr = VecMAXPY(ts->vec_sol,s,w,Y);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1071       ts->time_step = next_time_step;
1072       ros->status   = TS_STEP_INCOMPLETE;
1073     }
1074 reject_step: continue;
1075   }
1076   if (ros->status != TS_STEP_COMPLETE && !ts->reason) ts->reason = TS_DIVERGED_STEP_REJECTED;
1077   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
1078 }
1079 
1080 #undef __FUNCT__
1081 #define __FUNCT__ "TSInterpolate_RosW"
1082 static PetscErrorCode TSInterpolate_RosW(TS ts,PetscReal itime,Vec U)
1083 {
1084   TS_RosW         *ros = (TS_RosW*)ts->data;
1085   PetscInt        s    = ros->tableau->s,pinterp = ros->tableau->pinterp,i,j;
1086   PetscReal       h;
1087   PetscReal       tt,t;
1088   PetscScalar     *bt;
1089   const PetscReal *Bt = ros->tableau->binterpt;
1090   PetscErrorCode  ierr;
1091   const PetscReal *GammaInv = ros->tableau->GammaInv;
1092   PetscScalar     *w        = ros->work;
1093   Vec             *Y        = ros->Y;
1094 
1095   PetscFunctionBegin;
1096   if (!Bt) SETERRQ1(PetscObjectComm((PetscObject)ts),PETSC_ERR_SUP,"TSRosW %s does not have an interpolation formula",ros->tableau->name);
1097 
1098   switch (ros->status) {
1099   case TS_STEP_INCOMPLETE:
1100   case TS_STEP_PENDING:
1101     h = ts->time_step;
1102     t = (itime - ts->ptime)/h;
1103     break;
1104   case TS_STEP_COMPLETE:
1105     h = ts->time_step_prev;
1106     t = (itime - ts->ptime)/h + 1; /* In the interval [0,1] */
1107     break;
1108   default: SETERRQ(PetscObjectComm((PetscObject)ts),PETSC_ERR_PLIB,"Invalid TSStepStatus");
1109   }
1110   ierr = PetscMalloc1(s,&bt);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1111   for (i=0; i<s; i++) bt[i] = 0;
1112   for (j=0,tt=t; j<pinterp; j++,tt*=t) {
1113     for (i=0; i<s; i++) {
1114       bt[i] += Bt[i*pinterp+j] * tt;
1115     }
1116   }
1117 
1118   /* y(t+tt*h) = y(t) + Sum bt(tt) * GammaInv * Ydot */
1119   /*U<-0*/
1120   ierr = VecZeroEntries(U);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1121 
1122   /*U<- Sum bt_i * GammaInv(i,1:i) * Y(1:i) */
1123   for (j=0; j<s; j++) w[j]=0;
1124   for (j=0; j<s; j++) {
1125     for (i=j; i<s; i++) {
1126       w[j] +=  bt[i]*GammaInv[i*s+j];
1127     }
1128   }
1129   ierr = VecMAXPY(U,i,w,Y);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1130 
1131   /*X<-y(t) + X*/
1132   ierr = VecAXPY(U,1.0,ros->VecSolPrev);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1133 
1134   ierr = PetscFree(bt);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1135   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
1136 }
1137 
1138 /*------------------------------------------------------------*/
1139 #undef __FUNCT__
1140 #define __FUNCT__ "TSReset_RosW"
1141 static PetscErrorCode TSReset_RosW(TS ts)
1142 {
1143   TS_RosW        *ros = (TS_RosW*)ts->data;
1144   PetscInt       s;
1145   PetscErrorCode ierr;
1146 
1147   PetscFunctionBegin;
1148   if (!ros->tableau) PetscFunctionReturn(0);
1149   s    = ros->tableau->s;
1150   ierr = VecDestroyVecs(s,&ros->Y);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1151   ierr = VecDestroy(&ros->Ydot);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1152   ierr = VecDestroy(&ros->Ystage);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1153   ierr = VecDestroy(&ros->Zdot);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1154   ierr = VecDestroy(&ros->Zstage);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1155   ierr = VecDestroy(&ros->VecSolPrev);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1156   ierr = PetscFree(ros->work);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1157   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
1158 }
1159 
1160 #undef __FUNCT__
1161 #define __FUNCT__ "TSDestroy_RosW"
1162 static PetscErrorCode TSDestroy_RosW(TS ts)
1163 {
1164   PetscErrorCode ierr;
1165 
1166   PetscFunctionBegin;
1167   ierr = TSReset_RosW(ts);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1168   ierr = PetscFree(ts->data);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1169   ierr = PetscObjectComposeFunction((PetscObject)ts,"TSRosWGetType_C",NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1170   ierr = PetscObjectComposeFunction((PetscObject)ts,"TSRosWSetType_C",NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1171   ierr = PetscObjectComposeFunction((PetscObject)ts,"TSRosWSetRecomputeJacobian_C",NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1172   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
1173 }
1174 
1175 
1176 #undef __FUNCT__
1177 #define __FUNCT__ "TSRosWGetVecs"
1178 static PetscErrorCode TSRosWGetVecs(TS ts,DM dm,Vec *Ydot,Vec *Zdot,Vec *Ystage,Vec *Zstage)
1179 {
1180   TS_RosW        *rw = (TS_RosW*)ts->data;
1181   PetscErrorCode ierr;
1182 
1183   PetscFunctionBegin;
1184   if (Ydot) {
1185     if (dm && dm != ts->dm) {
1186       ierr = DMGetNamedGlobalVector(dm,"TSRosW_Ydot",Ydot);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1187     } else *Ydot = rw->Ydot;
1188   }
1189   if (Zdot) {
1190     if (dm && dm != ts->dm) {
1191       ierr = DMGetNamedGlobalVector(dm,"TSRosW_Zdot",Zdot);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1192     } else *Zdot = rw->Zdot;
1193   }
1194   if (Ystage) {
1195     if (dm && dm != ts->dm) {
1196       ierr = DMGetNamedGlobalVector(dm,"TSRosW_Ystage",Ystage);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1197     } else *Ystage = rw->Ystage;
1198   }
1199   if (Zstage) {
1200     if (dm && dm != ts->dm) {
1201       ierr = DMGetNamedGlobalVector(dm,"TSRosW_Zstage",Zstage);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1202     } else *Zstage = rw->Zstage;
1203   }
1204   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
1205 }
1206 
1207 
1208 #undef __FUNCT__
1209 #define __FUNCT__ "TSRosWRestoreVecs"
1210 static PetscErrorCode TSRosWRestoreVecs(TS ts,DM dm,Vec *Ydot,Vec *Zdot, Vec *Ystage, Vec *Zstage)
1211 {
1212   PetscErrorCode ierr;
1213 
1214   PetscFunctionBegin;
1215   if (Ydot) {
1216     if (dm && dm != ts->dm) {
1217       ierr = DMRestoreNamedGlobalVector(dm,"TSRosW_Ydot",Ydot);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1218     }
1219   }
1220   if (Zdot) {
1221     if (dm && dm != ts->dm) {
1222       ierr = DMRestoreNamedGlobalVector(dm,"TSRosW_Zdot",Zdot);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1223     }
1224   }
1225   if (Ystage) {
1226     if (dm && dm != ts->dm) {
1227       ierr = DMRestoreNamedGlobalVector(dm,"TSRosW_Ystage",Ystage);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1228     }
1229   }
1230   if (Zstage) {
1231     if (dm && dm != ts->dm) {
1232       ierr = DMRestoreNamedGlobalVector(dm,"TSRosW_Zstage",Zstage);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1233     }
1234   }
1235   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
1236 }
1237 
1238 #undef __FUNCT__
1239 #define __FUNCT__ "DMCoarsenHook_TSRosW"
1240 static PetscErrorCode DMCoarsenHook_TSRosW(DM fine,DM coarse,void *ctx)
1241 {
1242   PetscFunctionBegin;
1243   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
1244 }
1245 
1246 #undef __FUNCT__
1247 #define __FUNCT__ "DMRestrictHook_TSRosW"
1248 static PetscErrorCode DMRestrictHook_TSRosW(DM fine,Mat restrct,Vec rscale,Mat inject,DM coarse,void *ctx)
1249 {
1250   TS             ts = (TS)ctx;
1251   PetscErrorCode ierr;
1252   Vec            Ydot,Zdot,Ystage,Zstage;
1253   Vec            Ydotc,Zdotc,Ystagec,Zstagec;
1254 
1255   PetscFunctionBegin;
1256   ierr = TSRosWGetVecs(ts,fine,&Ydot,&Ystage,&Zdot,&Zstage);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1257   ierr = TSRosWGetVecs(ts,coarse,&Ydotc,&Ystagec,&Zdotc,&Zstagec);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1258   ierr = MatRestrict(restrct,Ydot,Ydotc);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1259   ierr = VecPointwiseMult(Ydotc,rscale,Ydotc);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1260   ierr = MatRestrict(restrct,Ystage,Ystagec);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1261   ierr = VecPointwiseMult(Ystagec,rscale,Ystagec);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1262   ierr = MatRestrict(restrct,Zdot,Zdotc);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1263   ierr = VecPointwiseMult(Zdotc,rscale,Zdotc);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1264   ierr = MatRestrict(restrct,Zstage,Zstagec);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1265   ierr = VecPointwiseMult(Zstagec,rscale,Zstagec);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1266   ierr = TSRosWRestoreVecs(ts,fine,&Ydot,&Ystage,&Zdot,&Zstage);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1267   ierr = TSRosWRestoreVecs(ts,coarse,&Ydotc,&Ystagec,&Zdotc,&Zstagec);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1268   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
1269 }
1270 
1271 
1272 #undef __FUNCT__
1273 #define __FUNCT__ "DMSubDomainHook_TSRosW"
1274 static PetscErrorCode DMSubDomainHook_TSRosW(DM fine,DM coarse,void *ctx)
1275 {
1276   PetscFunctionBegin;
1277   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
1278 }
1279 
1280 #undef __FUNCT__
1281 #define __FUNCT__ "DMSubDomainRestrictHook_TSRosW"
1282 static PetscErrorCode DMSubDomainRestrictHook_TSRosW(DM dm,VecScatter gscat,VecScatter lscat,DM subdm,void *ctx)
1283 {
1284   TS             ts = (TS)ctx;
1285   PetscErrorCode ierr;
1286   Vec            Ydot,Zdot,Ystage,Zstage;
1287   Vec            Ydots,Zdots,Ystages,Zstages;
1288 
1289   PetscFunctionBegin;
1290   ierr = TSRosWGetVecs(ts,dm,&Ydot,&Ystage,&Zdot,&Zstage);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1291   ierr = TSRosWGetVecs(ts,subdm,&Ydots,&Ystages,&Zdots,&Zstages);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1292 
1293   ierr = VecScatterBegin(gscat,Ydot,Ydots,INSERT_VALUES,SCATTER_FORWARD);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1294   ierr = VecScatterEnd(gscat,Ydot,Ydots,INSERT_VALUES,SCATTER_FORWARD);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1295 
1296   ierr = VecScatterBegin(gscat,Ystage,Ystages,INSERT_VALUES,SCATTER_FORWARD);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1297   ierr = VecScatterEnd(gscat,Ystage,Ystages,INSERT_VALUES,SCATTER_FORWARD);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1298 
1299   ierr = VecScatterBegin(gscat,Zdot,Zdots,INSERT_VALUES,SCATTER_FORWARD);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1300   ierr = VecScatterEnd(gscat,Zdot,Zdots,INSERT_VALUES,SCATTER_FORWARD);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1301 
1302   ierr = VecScatterBegin(gscat,Zstage,Zstages,INSERT_VALUES,SCATTER_FORWARD);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1303   ierr = VecScatterEnd(gscat,Zstage,Zstages,INSERT_VALUES,SCATTER_FORWARD);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1304 
1305   ierr = TSRosWRestoreVecs(ts,dm,&Ydot,&Ystage,&Zdot,&Zstage);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1306   ierr = TSRosWRestoreVecs(ts,subdm,&Ydots,&Ystages,&Zdots,&Zstages);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1307   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
1308 }
1309 
1310 /*
1311   This defines the nonlinear equation that is to be solved with SNES
1312   G(U) = F[t0+Theta*dt, U, (U-U0)*shift] = 0
1313 */
1314 #undef __FUNCT__
1315 #define __FUNCT__ "SNESTSFormFunction_RosW"
1316 static PetscErrorCode SNESTSFormFunction_RosW(SNES snes,Vec U,Vec F,TS ts)
1317 {
1318   TS_RosW        *ros = (TS_RosW*)ts->data;
1319   PetscErrorCode ierr;
1320   Vec            Ydot,Zdot,Ystage,Zstage;
1321   PetscReal      shift = ros->scoeff / ts->time_step;
1322   DM             dm,dmsave;
1323 
1324   PetscFunctionBegin;
1325   ierr   = SNESGetDM(snes,&dm);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1326   ierr   = TSRosWGetVecs(ts,dm,&Ydot,&Zdot,&Ystage,&Zstage);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1327   ierr   = VecWAXPY(Ydot,shift,U,Zdot);CHKERRQ(ierr);    /* Ydot = shift*U + Zdot */
1328   ierr   = VecWAXPY(Ystage,1.0,U,Zstage);CHKERRQ(ierr);  /* Ystage = U + Zstage */
1329   dmsave = ts->dm;
1330   ts->dm = dm;
1331   ierr   = TSComputeIFunction(ts,ros->stage_time,Ystage,Ydot,F,PETSC_FALSE);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1332   ts->dm = dmsave;
1333   ierr   = TSRosWRestoreVecs(ts,dm,&Ydot,&Zdot,&Ystage,&Zstage);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1334   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
1335 }
1336 
1337 #undef __FUNCT__
1338 #define __FUNCT__ "SNESTSFormJacobian_RosW"
1339 static PetscErrorCode SNESTSFormJacobian_RosW(SNES snes,Vec U,Mat A,Mat B,TS ts)
1340 {
1341   TS_RosW        *ros = (TS_RosW*)ts->data;
1342   Vec            Ydot,Zdot,Ystage,Zstage;
1343   PetscReal      shift = ros->scoeff / ts->time_step;
1344   PetscErrorCode ierr;
1345   DM             dm,dmsave;
1346 
1347   PetscFunctionBegin;
1348   /* ros->Ydot and ros->Ystage have already been computed in SNESTSFormFunction_RosW (SNES guarantees this) */
1349   ierr   = SNESGetDM(snes,&dm);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1350   ierr   = TSRosWGetVecs(ts,dm,&Ydot,&Zdot,&Ystage,&Zstage);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1351   dmsave = ts->dm;
1352   ts->dm = dm;
1353   ierr   = TSComputeIJacobian(ts,ros->stage_time,Ystage,Ydot,shift,A,B,PETSC_TRUE);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1354   ts->dm = dmsave;
1355   ierr   = TSRosWRestoreVecs(ts,dm,&Ydot,&Zdot,&Ystage,&Zstage);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1356   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
1357 }
1358 
1359 #undef __FUNCT__
1360 #define __FUNCT__ "TSSetUp_RosW"
1361 static PetscErrorCode TSSetUp_RosW(TS ts)
1362 {
1363   TS_RosW        *ros = (TS_RosW*)ts->data;
1364   RosWTableau    tab  = ros->tableau;
1365   PetscInt       s    = tab->s;
1366   PetscErrorCode ierr;
1367   DM             dm;
1368 
1369   PetscFunctionBegin;
1370   if (!ros->tableau) {
1371     ierr = TSRosWSetType(ts,TSRosWDefault);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1372   }
1373   ierr = VecDuplicateVecs(ts->vec_sol,s,&ros->Y);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1374   ierr = VecDuplicate(ts->vec_sol,&ros->Ydot);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1375   ierr = VecDuplicate(ts->vec_sol,&ros->Ystage);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1376   ierr = VecDuplicate(ts->vec_sol,&ros->Zdot);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1377   ierr = VecDuplicate(ts->vec_sol,&ros->Zstage);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1378   ierr = VecDuplicate(ts->vec_sol,&ros->VecSolPrev);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1379   ierr = PetscMalloc1(s,&ros->work);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1380   ierr = TSGetDM(ts,&dm);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1381   if (dm) {
1382     ierr = DMCoarsenHookAdd(dm,DMCoarsenHook_TSRosW,DMRestrictHook_TSRosW,ts);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1383     ierr = DMSubDomainHookAdd(dm,DMSubDomainHook_TSRosW,DMSubDomainRestrictHook_TSRosW,ts);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1384   }
1385   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
1386 }
1387 /*------------------------------------------------------------*/
1388 
1389 #undef __FUNCT__
1390 #define __FUNCT__ "TSSetFromOptions_RosW"
1391 static PetscErrorCode TSSetFromOptions_RosW(TS ts)
1392 {
1393   TS_RosW        *ros = (TS_RosW*)ts->data;
1394   PetscErrorCode ierr;
1395   char           rostype[256];
1396 
1397   PetscFunctionBegin;
1398   ierr = PetscOptionsHead("RosW ODE solver options");CHKERRQ(ierr);
1399   {
1400     RosWTableauLink link;
1401     PetscInt        count,choice;
1402     PetscBool       flg;
1403     const char      **namelist;
1404     SNES            snes;
1405 
1406     ierr = PetscStrncpy(rostype,TSRosWDefault,sizeof(rostype));CHKERRQ(ierr);
1407     for (link=RosWTableauList,count=0; link; link=link->next,count++) ;
1408     ierr = PetscMalloc1(count,&namelist);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1409     for (link=RosWTableauList,count=0; link; link=link->next,count++) namelist[count] = link->tab.name;
1410     ierr = PetscOptionsEList("-ts_rosw_type","Family of Rosenbrock-W method","TSRosWSetType",(const char*const*)namelist,count,rostype,&choice,&flg);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1411     ierr = TSRosWSetType(ts,flg ? namelist[choice] : rostype);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1412     ierr = PetscFree(namelist);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1413 
1414     ierr = PetscOptionsBool("-ts_rosw_recompute_jacobian","Recompute the Jacobian at each stage","TSRosWSetRecomputeJacobian",ros->recompute_jacobian,&ros->recompute_jacobian,NULL);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1415 
1416     /* Rosenbrock methods are linearly implicit, so set that unless the user has specifically asked for something else */
1417     ierr = TSGetSNES(ts,&snes);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1418     if (!((PetscObject)snes)->type_name) {
1419       ierr = SNESSetType(snes,SNESKSPONLY);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1420     }
1421     ierr = SNESSetFromOptions(snes);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1422   }
1423   ierr = PetscOptionsTail();CHKERRQ(ierr);
1424   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
1425 }
1426 
1427 #undef __FUNCT__
1428 #define __FUNCT__ "PetscFormatRealArray"
1429 static PetscErrorCode PetscFormatRealArray(char buf[],size_t len,const char *fmt,PetscInt n,const PetscReal x[])
1430 {
1431   PetscErrorCode ierr;
1432   PetscInt       i;
1433   size_t         left,count;
1434   char           *p;
1435 
1436   PetscFunctionBegin;
1437   for (i=0,p=buf,left=len; i<n; i++) {
1438     ierr = PetscSNPrintfCount(p,left,fmt,&count,x[i]);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1439     if (count >= left) SETERRQ(PETSC_COMM_SELF,PETSC_ERR_ARG_OUTOFRANGE,"Insufficient space in buffer");
1440     left -= count;
1441     p    += count;
1442     *p++  = ' ';
1443   }
1444   p[i ? 0 : -1] = 0;
1445   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
1446 }
1447 
1448 #undef __FUNCT__
1449 #define __FUNCT__ "TSView_RosW"
1450 static PetscErrorCode TSView_RosW(TS ts,PetscViewer viewer)
1451 {
1452   TS_RosW        *ros = (TS_RosW*)ts->data;
1453   RosWTableau    tab  = ros->tableau;
1454   PetscBool      iascii;
1455   PetscErrorCode ierr;
1456   TSAdapt        adapt;
1457 
1458   PetscFunctionBegin;
1459   ierr = PetscObjectTypeCompare((PetscObject)viewer,PETSCVIEWERASCII,&iascii);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1460   if (iascii) {
1461     TSRosWType rostype;
1462     PetscInt   i;
1463     PetscReal  abscissa[512];
1464     char       buf[512];
1465     ierr = TSRosWGetType(ts,&rostype);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1466     ierr = PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(viewer,"  Rosenbrock-W %s\n",rostype);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1467     ierr = PetscFormatRealArray(buf,sizeof(buf),"% 8.6f",tab->s,tab->ASum);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1468     ierr = PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(viewer,"  Abscissa of A       = %s\n",buf);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1469     for (i=0; i<tab->s; i++) abscissa[i] = tab->ASum[i] + tab->Gamma[i];
1470     ierr = PetscFormatRealArray(buf,sizeof(buf),"% 8.6f",tab->s,abscissa);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1471     ierr = PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(viewer,"  Abscissa of A+Gamma = %s\n",buf);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1472   }
1473   ierr = TSGetAdapt(ts,&adapt);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1474   ierr = TSAdaptView(adapt,viewer);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1475   ierr = SNESView(ts->snes,viewer);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1476   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
1477 }
1478 
1479 #undef __FUNCT__
1480 #define __FUNCT__ "TSLoad_RosW"
1481 static PetscErrorCode TSLoad_RosW(TS ts,PetscViewer viewer)
1482 {
1483   PetscErrorCode ierr;
1484   SNES           snes;
1485   TSAdapt        tsadapt;
1486 
1487   PetscFunctionBegin;
1488   ierr = TSGetAdapt(ts,&tsadapt);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1489   ierr = TSAdaptLoad(tsadapt,viewer);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1490   ierr = TSGetSNES(ts,&snes);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1491   ierr = SNESLoad(snes,viewer);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1492   /* function and Jacobian context for SNES when used with TS is always ts object */
1493   ierr = SNESSetFunction(snes,NULL,NULL,ts);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1494   ierr = SNESSetJacobian(snes,NULL,NULL,NULL,ts);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1495   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
1496 }
1497 
1498 #undef __FUNCT__
1499 #define __FUNCT__ "TSRosWSetType"
1500 /*@C
1501   TSRosWSetType - Set the type of Rosenbrock-W scheme
1502 
1503   Logically collective
1504 
1505   Input Parameter:
1506 +  ts - timestepping context
1507 -  rostype - type of Rosenbrock-W scheme
1508 
1509   Level: beginner
1510 
1511 .seealso: TSRosWGetType(), TSROSW, TSROSW2M, TSROSW2P, TSROSWRA3PW, TSROSWRA34PW2, TSROSWRODAS3, TSROSWSANDU3, TSROSWASSP3P3S1C, TSROSWLASSP3P4S2C, TSROSWLLSSP3P4S2C, TSROSWARK3
1512 @*/
1513 PetscErrorCode TSRosWSetType(TS ts,TSRosWType rostype)
1514 {
1515   PetscErrorCode ierr;
1516 
1517   PetscFunctionBegin;
1518   PetscValidHeaderSpecific(ts,TS_CLASSID,1);
1519   ierr = PetscTryMethod(ts,"TSRosWSetType_C",(TS,TSRosWType),(ts,rostype));CHKERRQ(ierr);
1520   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
1521 }
1522 
1523 #undef __FUNCT__
1524 #define __FUNCT__ "TSRosWGetType"
1525 /*@C
1526   TSRosWGetType - Get the type of Rosenbrock-W scheme
1527 
1528   Logically collective
1529 
1530   Input Parameter:
1531 .  ts - timestepping context
1532 
1533   Output Parameter:
1534 .  rostype - type of Rosenbrock-W scheme
1535 
1536   Level: intermediate
1537 
1538 .seealso: TSRosWGetType()
1539 @*/
1540 PetscErrorCode TSRosWGetType(TS ts,TSRosWType *rostype)
1541 {
1542   PetscErrorCode ierr;
1543 
1544   PetscFunctionBegin;
1545   PetscValidHeaderSpecific(ts,TS_CLASSID,1);
1546   ierr = PetscUseMethod(ts,"TSRosWGetType_C",(TS,TSRosWType*),(ts,rostype));CHKERRQ(ierr);
1547   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
1548 }
1549 
1550 #undef __FUNCT__
1551 #define __FUNCT__ "TSRosWSetRecomputeJacobian"
1552 /*@C
1553   TSRosWSetRecomputeJacobian - Set whether to recompute the Jacobian at each stage. The default is to update the Jacobian once per step.
1554 
1555   Logically collective
1556 
1557   Input Parameter:
1558 +  ts - timestepping context
1559 -  flg - PETSC_TRUE to recompute the Jacobian at each stage
1560 
1561   Level: intermediate
1562 
1563 .seealso: TSRosWGetType()
1564 @*/
1565 PetscErrorCode TSRosWSetRecomputeJacobian(TS ts,PetscBool flg)
1566 {
1567   PetscErrorCode ierr;
1568 
1569   PetscFunctionBegin;
1570   PetscValidHeaderSpecific(ts,TS_CLASSID,1);
1571   ierr = PetscTryMethod(ts,"TSRosWSetRecomputeJacobian_C",(TS,PetscBool),(ts,flg));CHKERRQ(ierr);
1572   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
1573 }
1574 
1575 #undef __FUNCT__
1576 #define __FUNCT__ "TSRosWGetType_RosW"
1577 PetscErrorCode  TSRosWGetType_RosW(TS ts,TSRosWType *rostype)
1578 {
1579   TS_RosW        *ros = (TS_RosW*)ts->data;
1580   PetscErrorCode ierr;
1581 
1582   PetscFunctionBegin;
1583   if (!ros->tableau) {ierr = TSRosWSetType(ts,TSRosWDefault);CHKERRQ(ierr);}
1584   *rostype = ros->tableau->name;
1585   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
1586 }
1587 
1588 #undef __FUNCT__
1589 #define __FUNCT__ "TSRosWSetType_RosW"
1590 PetscErrorCode  TSRosWSetType_RosW(TS ts,TSRosWType rostype)
1591 {
1592   TS_RosW         *ros = (TS_RosW*)ts->data;
1593   PetscErrorCode  ierr;
1594   PetscBool       match;
1595   RosWTableauLink link;
1596 
1597   PetscFunctionBegin;
1598   if (ros->tableau) {
1599     ierr = PetscStrcmp(ros->tableau->name,rostype,&match);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1600     if (match) PetscFunctionReturn(0);
1601   }
1602   for (link = RosWTableauList; link; link=link->next) {
1603     ierr = PetscStrcmp(link->tab.name,rostype,&match);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1604     if (match) {
1605       ierr = TSReset_RosW(ts);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1606       ros->tableau = &link->tab;
1607       PetscFunctionReturn(0);
1608     }
1609   }
1610   SETERRQ1(PetscObjectComm((PetscObject)ts),PETSC_ERR_ARG_UNKNOWN_TYPE,"Could not find '%s'",rostype);
1611   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
1612 }
1613 
1614 #undef __FUNCT__
1615 #define __FUNCT__ "TSRosWSetRecomputeJacobian_RosW"
1616 PetscErrorCode  TSRosWSetRecomputeJacobian_RosW(TS ts,PetscBool flg)
1617 {
1618   TS_RosW *ros = (TS_RosW*)ts->data;
1619 
1620   PetscFunctionBegin;
1621   ros->recompute_jacobian = flg;
1622   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
1623 }
1624 
1625 
1626 /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
1627 /*MC
1628       TSROSW - ODE solver using Rosenbrock-W schemes
1629 
1630   These methods are intended for problems with well-separated time scales, especially when a slow scale is strongly
1631   nonlinear such that it is expensive to solve with a fully implicit method. The user should provide the stiff part
1632   of the equation using TSSetIFunction() and the non-stiff part with TSSetRHSFunction().
1633 
1634   Notes:
1635   This method currently only works with autonomous ODE and DAE.
1636 
1637   Developer notes:
1638   Rosenbrock-W methods are typically specified for autonomous ODE
1639 
1640 $  udot = f(u)
1641 
1642   by the stage equations
1643 
1644 $  k_i = h f(u_0 + sum_j alpha_ij k_j) + h J sum_j gamma_ij k_j
1645 
1646   and step completion formula
1647 
1648 $  u_1 = u_0 + sum_j b_j k_j
1649 
1650   with step size h and coefficients alpha_ij, gamma_ij, and b_i. Implementing the method in this form would require f(u)
1651   and the Jacobian J to be available, in addition to the shifted matrix I - h gamma_ii J. Following Hairer and Wanner,
1652   we define new variables for the stage equations
1653 
1654 $  y_i = gamma_ij k_j
1655 
1656   The k_j can be recovered because Gamma is invertible. Let C be the lower triangular part of Gamma^{-1} and define
1657 
1658 $  A = Alpha Gamma^{-1}, bt^T = b^T Gamma^{-i}
1659 
1660   to rewrite the method as
1661 
1662 $  [M/(h gamma_ii) - J] y_i = f(u_0 + sum_j a_ij y_j) + M sum_j (c_ij/h) y_j
1663 $  u_1 = u_0 + sum_j bt_j y_j
1664 
1665    where we have introduced the mass matrix M. Continue by defining
1666 
1667 $  ydot_i = 1/(h gamma_ii) y_i - sum_j (c_ij/h) y_j
1668 
1669    or, more compactly in tensor notation
1670 
1671 $  Ydot = 1/h (Gamma^{-1} \otimes I) Y .
1672 
1673    Note that Gamma^{-1} is lower triangular. With this definition of Ydot in terms of known quantities and the current
1674    stage y_i, the stage equations reduce to performing one Newton step (typically with a lagged Jacobian) on the
1675    equation
1676 
1677 $  g(u_0 + sum_j a_ij y_j + y_i, ydot_i) = 0
1678 
1679    with initial guess y_i = 0.
1680 
1681   Level: beginner
1682 
1683 .seealso:  TSCreate(), TS, TSSetType(), TSRosWSetType(), TSRosWRegister(), TSROSW2M, TSROSW2P, TSROSWRA3PW, TSROSWRA34PW2, TSROSWRODAS3,
1684            TSROSWSANDU3, TSROSWASSP3P3S1C, TSROSWLASSP3P4S2C, TSROSWLLSSP3P4S2C, TSROSWGRK4T, TSROSWSHAMP4, TSROSWVELDD4, TSROSW4L
1685 M*/
1686 #undef __FUNCT__
1687 #define __FUNCT__ "TSCreate_RosW"
1688 PETSC_EXTERN PetscErrorCode TSCreate_RosW(TS ts)
1689 {
1690   TS_RosW        *ros;
1691   PetscErrorCode ierr;
1692 
1693   PetscFunctionBegin;
1694   ierr = TSRosWInitializePackage();CHKERRQ(ierr);
1695 
1696   ts->ops->reset          = TSReset_RosW;
1697   ts->ops->destroy        = TSDestroy_RosW;
1698   ts->ops->view           = TSView_RosW;
1699   ts->ops->load           = TSLoad_RosW;
1700   ts->ops->setup          = TSSetUp_RosW;
1701   ts->ops->step           = TSStep_RosW;
1702   ts->ops->interpolate    = TSInterpolate_RosW;
1703   ts->ops->evaluatestep   = TSEvaluateStep_RosW;
1704   ts->ops->setfromoptions = TSSetFromOptions_RosW;
1705   ts->ops->snesfunction   = SNESTSFormFunction_RosW;
1706   ts->ops->snesjacobian   = SNESTSFormJacobian_RosW;
1707 
1708   ierr = PetscNewLog(ts,&ros);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1709   ts->data = (void*)ros;
1710 
1711   ierr = PetscObjectComposeFunction((PetscObject)ts,"TSRosWGetType_C",TSRosWGetType_RosW);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1712   ierr = PetscObjectComposeFunction((PetscObject)ts,"TSRosWSetType_C",TSRosWSetType_RosW);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1713   ierr = PetscObjectComposeFunction((PetscObject)ts,"TSRosWSetRecomputeJacobian_C",TSRosWSetRecomputeJacobian_RosW);CHKERRQ(ierr);
1714   PetscFunctionReturn(0);
1715 }
1716