xref: /petsc/src/ts/tutorials/hamiltonian/ex1.c (revision fbf9dbe564678ed6eff1806adbc4c4f01b9743f4)
1 
2 static char help[] = "Solves the motion of spring.\n\
3 Input parameters include:\n";
4 
5 /* ------------------------------------------------------------------------
6 
7   This program solves the motion of spring by Hooke's law
8   x' = f(t,v) = v
9   v' = g(t,x) = -omega^2*x
10   on the interval 0 <= t <= 0.1, with the initial conditions
11     x(0) = 0.2, x'(0) = v(0) = 0,
12   and
13     omega = 64.
14   The exact solution is
15     x(t) = A*sin(t*omega) + B*cos(t*omega)
16   where A and B are constants that can be determined from the initial conditions.
17   In this case, B=0.2, A=0.
18 
19   Notes:
20   This code demonstrates the TS solver interface to solve a separable Hamiltonian
21   system, which can be split into two subsystems involving two coupling components,
22   named generailized momentum and generailized position respectively.
23   Using a symplectic intergrator can preserve energy
24   E = (v^2+omega^2*x^2-omega^2*h*v*x)/2
25   ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
26 
27 #include <petscts.h>
28 #include <petscvec.h>
29 
30 typedef struct _n_User *User;
31 struct _n_User {
32   PetscReal omega;
33   PetscInt  nts; /* print the energy at each nts time steps */
34 };
35 
36 /*
37   User-defined routines.
38   The first RHS function provides f(t,x), the residual for the generalized momentum,
39   and the second one provides g(t,v), the residual for the generalized position.
40 */
41 static PetscErrorCode RHSFunction2(TS ts, PetscReal t, Vec X, Vec Vres, void *ctx)
42 {
43   User               user = (User)ctx;
44   const PetscScalar *x;
45   PetscScalar       *vres;
46 
47   PetscFunctionBeginUser;
48   PetscCall(VecGetArrayRead(X, &x));
49   PetscCall(VecGetArray(Vres, &vres));
50   vres[0] = -user->omega * user->omega * x[0];
51   PetscCall(VecRestoreArray(Vres, &vres));
52   PetscCall(VecRestoreArrayRead(X, &x));
53   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
54 }
55 
56 static PetscErrorCode RHSFunction1(TS ts, PetscReal t, Vec V, Vec Xres, void *ctx)
57 {
58   const PetscScalar *v;
59   PetscScalar       *xres;
60 
61   PetscFunctionBeginUser;
62   PetscCall(VecGetArray(Xres, &xres));
63   PetscCall(VecGetArrayRead(V, &v));
64   xres[0] = v[0];
65   PetscCall(VecRestoreArrayRead(V, &v));
66   PetscCall(VecRestoreArray(Xres, &xres));
67   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
68 }
69 
70 static PetscErrorCode RHSFunction(TS ts, PetscReal t, Vec U, Vec R, void *ctx)
71 {
72   User               user = (User)ctx;
73   const PetscScalar *u;
74   PetscScalar       *r;
75 
76   PetscFunctionBeginUser;
77   PetscCall(VecGetArrayRead(U, &u));
78   PetscCall(VecGetArray(R, &r));
79   r[0] = u[1];
80   r[1] = -user->omega * user->omega * u[0];
81   PetscCall(VecRestoreArrayRead(U, &u));
82   PetscCall(VecRestoreArray(R, &r));
83   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
84 }
85 
86 /* Monitor timesteps and use interpolation to output at integer multiples of 0.1 */
87 static PetscErrorCode Monitor(TS ts, PetscInt step, PetscReal t, Vec U, void *ctx)
88 {
89   const PetscScalar *u;
90   PetscReal          dt;
91   PetscScalar        energy, menergy;
92   User               user = (User)ctx;
93 
94   PetscFunctionBeginUser;
95   if (step % user->nts == 0) {
96     PetscCall(TSGetTimeStep(ts, &dt));
97     PetscCall(VecGetArrayRead(U, &u));
98     menergy = (u[1] * u[1] + user->omega * user->omega * u[0] * u[0] - user->omega * user->omega * dt * u[0] * u[1]) / 2.;
99     energy  = (u[1] * u[1] + user->omega * user->omega * u[0] * u[0]) / 2.;
100     PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_WORLD, "At time %.6lf, Energy = %8g, Modified Energy = %8g\n", (double)t, (double)energy, (double)menergy));
101     PetscCall(VecRestoreArrayRead(U, &u));
102   }
103   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
104 }
105 
106 int main(int argc, char **argv)
107 {
108   TS             ts; /* nonlinear solver */
109   Vec            U;  /* solution, residual vectors */
110   IS             is1, is2;
111   PetscInt       nindices[1];
112   PetscReal      ftime   = 0.1;
113   PetscBool      monitor = PETSC_FALSE;
114   PetscScalar   *u_ptr;
115   PetscMPIInt    size;
116   struct _n_User user;
117 
118   /* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
119      Initialize program
120      - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - */
121   PetscFunctionBeginUser;
122   PetscCall(PetscInitialize(&argc, &argv, NULL, help));
123   PetscCallMPI(MPI_Comm_size(PETSC_COMM_WORLD, &size));
124   PetscCheck(size == 1, PETSC_COMM_WORLD, PETSC_ERR_WRONG_MPI_SIZE, "This is a uniprocessor example only!");
125 
126   /* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
127     Set runtime options
128     - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - */
129   user.omega = 64.;
130   user.nts   = 100;
131   PetscCall(PetscOptionsGetBool(NULL, NULL, "-monitor", &monitor, NULL));
132   PetscOptionsBegin(PETSC_COMM_WORLD, NULL, "Physical parameters", NULL);
133   PetscCall(PetscOptionsReal("-omega", "parameter", "<64>", user.omega, &user.omega, NULL));
134   PetscCall(PetscOptionsInt("-next_output", "time steps for next output point", "<100>", user.nts, &user.nts, NULL));
135   PetscOptionsEnd();
136 
137   /* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
138     Create necessary matrix and vectors, solve same ODE on every process
139     - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - */
140   PetscCall(VecCreateSeq(PETSC_COMM_SELF, 2, &U));
141   nindices[0] = 0;
142   PetscCall(ISCreateGeneral(PETSC_COMM_SELF, 1, nindices, PETSC_COPY_VALUES, &is1));
143   nindices[0] = 1;
144   PetscCall(ISCreateGeneral(PETSC_COMM_SELF, 1, nindices, PETSC_COPY_VALUES, &is2));
145 
146   /* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
147      Create timestepping solver context
148      - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - */
149   PetscCall(TSCreate(PETSC_COMM_WORLD, &ts));
150   PetscCall(TSSetType(ts, TSBASICSYMPLECTIC));
151   PetscCall(TSRHSSplitSetIS(ts, "position", is1));
152   PetscCall(TSRHSSplitSetIS(ts, "momentum", is2));
153   PetscCall(TSRHSSplitSetRHSFunction(ts, "position", NULL, RHSFunction1, &user));
154   PetscCall(TSRHSSplitSetRHSFunction(ts, "momentum", NULL, RHSFunction2, &user));
155   PetscCall(TSSetRHSFunction(ts, NULL, RHSFunction, &user));
156 
157   PetscCall(TSSetMaxTime(ts, ftime));
158   PetscCall(TSSetTimeStep(ts, 0.0001));
159   PetscCall(TSSetMaxSteps(ts, 1000));
160   PetscCall(TSSetExactFinalTime(ts, TS_EXACTFINALTIME_MATCHSTEP));
161   if (monitor) PetscCall(TSMonitorSet(ts, Monitor, &user, NULL));
162 
163   /* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
164      Set initial conditions
165    - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - */
166   PetscCall(VecGetArray(U, &u_ptr));
167   u_ptr[0] = 0.2;
168   u_ptr[1] = 0.0;
169   PetscCall(VecRestoreArray(U, &u_ptr));
170 
171   PetscCall(TSSetTime(ts, 0.0));
172 
173   /* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
174      Set runtime options
175    - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - */
176   PetscCall(TSSetFromOptions(ts));
177 
178   /* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
179      Solve nonlinear system
180      - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - */
181   PetscCall(TSSolve(ts, U));
182   PetscCall(TSGetSolveTime(ts, &ftime));
183   PetscCall(VecView(U, PETSC_VIEWER_STDOUT_WORLD));
184 
185   PetscCall(PetscPrintf(PETSC_COMM_WORLD, "The exact solution at time %.6lf is [%g %g]\n", (double)ftime, (double)(0.2 * PetscCosReal(user.omega * ftime)), (double)(-0.2 * user.omega * PetscSinReal(user.omega * ftime))));
186 
187   /* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
188      Free work space.  All PETSc objects should be destroyed when they
189      are no longer needed.
190    - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - */
191   PetscCall(VecDestroy(&U));
192   PetscCall(TSDestroy(&ts));
193   PetscCall(ISDestroy(&is1));
194   PetscCall(ISDestroy(&is2));
195   PetscCall(PetscFinalize());
196   return 0;
197 }
198 
199 /*TEST
200    build:
201      requires: !single !complex
202 
203    test:
204      args: -ts_basicsymplectic_type 1 -monitor
205 
206    test:
207      suffix: 2
208      args: -ts_basicsymplectic_type 2 -monitor
209 
210 TEST*/
211