Convert MPI error type to PETSc error with string message for all MPI calls

Now PETSc examples will ONLY return PETSc error codes and never MPI error codes directly so we can understand and post-pro

Convert MPI error type to PETSc error with string message for all MPI calls

Now PETSc examples will ONLY return PETSc error codes and never MPI error codes directly so we can understand and post-process their
errors better.

The test harness will now automatically retry tests that fail with MPI, this may help with Intel MPI that produces
seemingly random failures.

Commit-type: error-checking
/spend 30m

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Merge branch 'sajid/bugfix-patchis' into 'master'

DMDACreatePatchIS : change to collective operation

Closes #744

See merge request petsc/petsc!3304

DMDACreatePatchIS : change to collective operation and add test

Merge branch 'jed/promote-examples-tests-tutorials' [petsc/petsc!2610]

* jed/promote-examples-tests-tutorials:
Promote examples/{tests,tutorials}/ to {tests,tutorials}/

Promote examples/{tests,tutorials}/ to {tests,tutorials}/

This shortens paths and improves consistency between test target names
and paths to the source and output files. Most of the work was
compl

Promote examples/{tests,tutorials}/ to {tests,tutorials}/

This shortens paths and improves consistency between test target names
and paths to the source and output files. Most of the work was
completed by this script, followed by mild cleanup of nonconforming
cases.

for makefile in `git ls-files 'src/*makefile'`; do
if rg -q 'DIRS.*\bexamples\b' $makefile; then
base=$(dirname $makefile)
dirs=$(cd $base/examples && ls -d tests tutorials 2>/dev/null | xargs echo)
perl -pi -e "s#^(DIRS.*)\bexamples\b#\1${dirs}#" $makefile
git rm $base/examples/makefile
for t in $dirs; do
git mv $base/examples/$t $base/
perl -pi -e "s#^(LOCDIR[[:space:]]*=).*#\1 $base/$t/#" $base/$t
done
fi
done

git grep -l -E -z 'examples/(tutorials|tests)' | xargs -0 perl -pi -e 's#examples/(tutorials|tests)#\1#g'
git checkout @ \
src/docs/website/documentation/changes/ \
src/benchmarks/results/

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